高中英语省略句及练习
高中英语省略句
莎士比亚曾经说过：Brevity is the soul of wit. （言以简为贵）。为了使话说得简明扼要，英语句子中某个单词、短语甚至从句或主句都可以省去。这种省去句子某些成分而保持句子意思不变的现象，称为省略（ellipsis）。一、省略的目的
省略多见于非正式的文体，尤其在对话中，省略是一种十分普遍的现象。英语中的省略一般说来有三个目的：
A．避免重复，减少累赘。
省略的主要目的是避免重复，去掉不必要的累赘和繁琐。
Mike said that he would come to school to see me the next day, but he didn't come to school to see me the next day. 迈克说他第二天要来学校看我，但是第二天他并没有来学校看我。
-- Mike said that he would come to school to see me the next day, but he didn't. 迈克说他第二天要来学校看我，但是他并没有来。(省掉最后九个词，句子简洁多了)
— What did he want yesterday 他昨天要了什么？
— An apple. 一个苹果。（如果答复时说出全文“He wanted an apple yesterday”，便显得别扭，不自然）
B．连接紧密，结构紧凑。
省略也是使上下文紧密连接的一种修辞手段。
John was the winner in 1994 and Bob in 2021. 约翰是1994年的获胜者，鲍勃是2021年的获胜者。（Bob后省略了was the winner，句子结构显得比拟紧凑）
In some places we stopped in tents for the night, in other places in caves. 我们在有些地方住在帐篷里过夜，在有些地方住在山洞里。（in other places 后省略了主语和谓语we stopped for the night，上下文连接更加紧密）省略：答复问题要简洁，并列重复需省略。祈使主语常省略，比拟than后需省略。宾从表从that勿省略。前后出现同一词，习惯表达需省略。
C．强调重点，突出信息。省略的另一作用是突出新的信息。
Truth speaks too low, hypocrisy too loud. 真理讲话声太低，虚伪讲话声太高。（后一分句省略谓语speaks，突出了too loud）
— Have you told him that 你把那告诉他了吗？
— Not yet. 还没有呢。(= I have not told him that yet. 强调not yet )
二、可省略的成分
省略大致可归纳为功能词的省略和语法结构上的省略两种。在很多情况下，这两种省略存在着交*的关系，即有时既是功能词的省略，同时又是语法结构上的省略。
A．功能词的省略
功能词指的是没有完整意义，但有语法意义的词，如冠词、介词、助动词等。英语句子结构的简洁，首先表现在功能词的省略上。
1．冠词的省略
They elected John (the) monitor of the class. 他们选约翰当班长。
A man and (a) woman are talking in the office. 办公室一男一女正在谈话。
He could not understand why there was no noise coming from the house, not even the sound of the radio or (the) television. 他不明白为什么从屋子里一点响声也没传出来，甚至连收音机和电视机的声音也没有。提示：在英语新闻标题、告示中，经常省略冠词。
Chinese President Stresses Role of Working Class 中国国家主席强调工人阶级作用（新闻标题= The Chinese President Stresses the Role of the Working Class）
People Rebuild Homes After Flood 洪水退后人民重建家园（新闻标题= The People Rebuild Their Homes After the Flood）
DO NOT SPEAK TO DRIVER WHILE BUS IS IN MOTION 汽车在行驶时请勿和司机讲话。（告示= Do not speak to the driver while the bus is in motion）
2．代词的省略
I went to the market, (I) bought something useful, and (I) returned home within an hour. 我去了市场，买了点有用的东西，一小时之内就回来了。
They didn't like it, yet (they) said nothing. 他们并不喜欢它，可是什么话也没说。
(It) Doesn't matter. 这不碍事。
(You) Had a good time, didn't you 玩得开心，是吧？
I like your two small bottles, but I don't like the smallest (one). 我喜欢你的两只小瓶子，但我不喜欢最小的那一只。
3．连词的省略
We are delighted (that) you can come. 你能来，我们很高兴。
I believe (that) you will succeed．我相信你们会成功的。
It's a pity (that) he's leaving. 他要走，真遗憾。
4．关系词的省略
I'll give you all (that) I have. 我要把我所有的一切都给你。
He read the book (which) I got yesterday. 他看过我昨天买的书了。
It wasn't I (who) let him in. 不是我放他进来的。
It happened on the day (when) we first met. 这发生在我们初次见面的那一天。
There is a man (who) wants to see you. 有个人想要见你。
5．助动词的省略
(Does) Anyone want a drink 有谁要喝一杯吗？
Who (do) you think you are 你以为你是谁？（在特殊疑问句中，当主语是第二人称时，助动词do可省略）
I (have) got to go now. 我得走了。
6．不定式符号的省略
I hope to finish my job and (to) go back home. 我希望做完事回家。（当几个不定式并列时，一般只需在第一个不定式前用to）
What we could do was (to) get away. （主语从句中含有do，那么作表语的动词不定式往往省略to）
We did not dare (to) speak. 我们不敢说话。（dare作行为动词用时，否定式可省略to）There is nothing to do but (to) obey the orders. 除了服从命令之外，我们别无他法。（介词but前如有do，but后可省略to）
注意：当两个并列的不定式在意义上表示对比关系时，后面的不定式一般不省略to。
To be or not to be, that is the question. 活着还是死亡，这就是问题所在。（莎士比亚）
It was better to laugh than to cry. 笑比哭好。
7．介词的省略
He went (in) that way. 他往那边去了。
The two boys are (of) the same age. 这两个男孩年龄一样大。
I am in doubt (about) whether this is right or not. 我拿不定主意这对不对。
You may come to see me (at) any time between 4 and 5. 你在4点到5点之间随时都可以来见我。
She must have stayed here (for) a long time. 她在这里一定呆了很久了。必背：在以下结构中，介词in常常省略。
be busy (in) doing sth. 忙于做某事spend time (in) doing sth. 花时间做某事
waste energy (in) doing sth. 浪费精力做某事
have difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难
have a good time (in) doing sth. 某事做得非常愉快
have a hard time (in) doing sth. 某事做得很艰难
take turns (in) doing sth. 轮流做某事
It is no use (in) doing sth. 做某事没有用
It is no good (in) doing sth. 做某事无益
There is no hurry (in) doing sth. 不必着急做某事
There is no point (in) doing sth. 做某事无意义
There is no use (in) doing sth. 做某事没有用
8．引导词there的省略
(There) Ought to be some coffee in the pot.壶里应该有些咖啡的。
(There) Must be somebody waiting for you. 肯定有人在等你。
B．句子成分的省略
为了避免重复，或者为了使某一内容显要注目，可以省略某些句子成分而保持句子原意不变。1．省略主语
Hope so. 希望如此。（= I hope so.）
Beg your pardon. 请你原谅。（= I beg your pardon.）
Take care! 留神！（= You take care.）
Looks as if it will rain. 看起来像要下雨。（= It looks as if it will rain.）
Serves you right. 你活该！（= It serves you right.）注意：祈使句主语通常省略（如Take care! 留神！）。但有时为了明确对方，可加上主语。
You feed the bird today, will you 今天你喂鸟，好吗？
Somebody answer the phone, please. 请来个人接一下。
2．省略谓语Anything the matter？要紧吗？（= Is anything the matter）
Who next 该谁了？（= Who comes next）
Just a moment, please. 请等一会儿。（= Just wait a moment, please.）
The river was deep and the ice thin. 河很深，冰很薄。（= The river was deep and the ice was thin.）
We'll do the best we can. 我们将尽力而为。（= We'll do the best we can do.）
What we can't get seems better than what we have. 我们得不到的似乎要比我们已经得到的
要好。（= What we can't get seems better than what we have got.）
3．省略表语
Are you ready Yes, I am. 你准备好了吗？我准备好了。（am后面省略了表语ready）
He is a lover of sports as he was in his youth. 他还是像年轻时那样，是一位运动爱好者。（was 后面省略了表语a lover of sports）
China has been, and still is, the most populous country in the world. 中国过去是，而且现在还是世界上人口最多的国家。（= China has been the most populous country in the world and still is the most populous country in the world.）
4．省略宾语
We have to analyze and solve problems. 我们必须分析问题解决问题。（analyze后省略了宾
语problems）
I struck match after match, but could not light. 我划了一根又一根火柴，但一根也没划着。（light后省略了宾语a match）
Let's do the dishes. I'll wash and you'll dry. 让我们洗碗吧，我来洗，你来揩干。（wash和dry后面省略了宾语dishes）
5．省略定语
He spent part of the money, and the rest he saved. 他花了一部分钱，其余的他都存了起来。（the rest后面省略了定语of the money）
6．省略状语
(Even) The wisest man cannot know everything. 即使最聪明的人也不能无所不知。
Mary spoke (rudely), and John answered rudely. 玛丽说得粗鲁，约翰答得也粗鲁。
He was not hurt. (How) Strange! 他没有受伤，真奇怪！
三、省略在句子中的运用
在一个句子中，省略可分为依赖上下文省略和不依赖上下文省略两种。前者省略的部分可在句子中找到，但后者可能找不到。
A．简单句中的省略
1．依赖上下文的省略，在对话中最为常用。
Like more beer 再要点啤酒吗？（= Would you like more beer）
— Would you mind if I used your telephone 用一下你的，你介意吗？
— Not at all. 一点也不。（= I do not mind at all.）
— Will he pass this examination他这次考试会通过吗？
— Probably. 大概会的。（= He will probably pass the examination.）提示：被省略的部分一般可以根据上下文在句子中补上，但有时省略结构已经定型，如果把省略部分补上，反而显得累赘或不符合习惯。
An hour in the morning is worth two in the evening. 一日之计在于晨。（在two后补上hours 显得罗嗦。）
It is now ten to seven. 现在七点十分。（如说It is now ten minutes to seven o'clock. 显得累赘）
No parking. 禁止停车。（= No parking is allowed here. 告示用语，补上不符合习惯。）2．不依赖于上下文的省略。
All aboard! 请上船。（=All go aboard. 省略谓语）
What exciting news! 多么令人激动的消息啊！(= What exciting news it is! 省略主语+谓语) Sounds like a good idea. 听上去是个好主意。(= It sounds like a good idea. 省略主语) Everybody appears well prepared. 看起来大家都准备好了。（=Everybody appears to be well prepared. 省略不定式to be）
B．并列句中的省略
并列句中如果前后分句有相同的部分，常常可以省略掉，以避免重复。通常被省略的可以是主语、谓语、谓语动词、宾语或其它成分，或句子成分的一部分。
1．省略出现在后一分句。
John likes collecting stamps but (John) hates listening to music. 约翰喜欢集邮但不喜欢听音乐。（省略主语）
Some books are to be tasted, others (are) to be swallowed, and some few (are) to be chewed and digested. 有些书是应当尝尝滋味的，有些书是应当吞食下去的，有少数书是应当咀嚼和消化的。（省略谓语）
I have been to Beijing and (I have) seen the Great Wall. 我到过北京，见到了万里长城。（省略主语+助动词）
I asked him to see the film, but he didn't want to (see the film). 我请他去看电影，但他不想去。（省略作宾语的不定式）注意：为了避免重复，不定式可以省去与句子前面重复的动词原形，但不定式符号to必须保留（详见第5章）。
—Will you join in the game 你愿意参加这项活动吗？
—I'd be glad to (join in the game). 我很乐意参加。
I didn't want to go there, but I had to (go there). 我不想去那里，但没方法。
2．省略出现在前一分句。
We can (win tomorrow's match), and certainly will, win tomorrow's match. 我们能够，而且一定会在明天的比赛中获胜。（前一分句省略谓语+宾语）
I wished (to find him), yet feared to find him. 我又想找到他，又怕找到他。
3．前后两个分句都出现省略。
They can (pay the full fee) and (they) should pay the full fee. 他们能够也应该支付全部费用。I'll fly to (Guangzhou), but (I'll) drive back from Guangzhou. 我将飞往广州，但开车回来。C．复合句中的省略在主从复合句中，省略的现象是很普遍的。
1．省略主句的句首部分。
(I'm) Sorry I couldn't go. 很抱歉，我不能去。
(Is there) Nothing more you want to say 你没什么要补充吗？
2．省略整个主句或主句的一部分（答复问题时常用）。
(It is a ) Pity he's failed. 很遗憾，他失败了。
If he says he'll come, he will (come). 如果他说来，他就一定会来。
What (will happen) if it's raining 如果天下雨怎么办？
— Where is it 那东西在哪里？
—(It is) Where you left it. 就在你放的地方。
— How are you getting on with your English 你的英语学得怎么样？— (I'm) Not (getting on) so well as I expected.没有我预计的那样好。
— Will you go abroad soon 你很快要出国吗？
— (I'll) Not (go abroad) until I graduate from the college next summer. 要到明年夏天大学毕业后才走。
3．在一些状语从句中，如果谓语动词是be，主语又和主句的主语一致，或者主语是it，常常可以把从句中的主语和be省略掉。
①以when, while, once, until等连词引导的时间状语从句
When (you are) in Rome do as Rome does. 入国问禁，入乡随俗。
Whenever (it is) possible, you should speak English as much as you can. 在任何可能的时间，你应多讲英语。（省略的主语it并不和主句的主语一致）
Please come as soon as (it is) possible. 请尽快来。
注意：
由连词before和after引导的时间状语从句，如省略了主语和be之后，before和after就成了介词。
The old machine must be checked before it is used. 这台旧机器在使用前必须检查。
【误】The old machine must be checked before used. （动词的-ed形式不可做介词的宾语）【正】The old machine must be checked before being used.
He told me the truth after he was asked three times. 问了他三遍他才告诉我真相。
【误】He told me the truth after asked three times.
【正】He told me the truth after being asked three times.
②以as if, as though等连词引导的方式状语从句
She lay there, as if (she was) dead. 她躺在那儿，好似死了。（省略的主语和主句的主语一致）
He opened his lips as if (he were going) to say something. 他张开嘴唇，好似要说什么话似的。
③以if, unless等连词引导的条件状语从句
We shall start at eight, if (it is) convenient. 如果方便的话，我们八点钟出发。
Correct the mistakes in the following sentences, if (there are) any. 如果下面句子中有错，请加以改正。
English words are easily forgotten unless (they are) constantly repeated. 英语单词不经常重复是很容易忘记的。
④以even if, even though, though, although, whether等连词引导的让步状语从句
Frost is possible, though (it is) not probable, even at the end of May. 甚至在五月底下霜也是
可能的，虽然可能性不太大。
Whether (it is) difficult or not, we will try our best to complete the task. 不管任务是否艰巨，我们都要尽力去完成。
Whatever the cause (may be), the result is certain. 不管原因是什么，结果是确定的。Though (he is) young, he knows a lot. 他虽然年轻但懂得很多。
提示：
在这类从句中，如果be是助动词，后面跟着现在分词或过去分词，只要主语和从句中的主语相同，也可以把从句中的主语和助动词be省略掉。
He hurt his leg while (he was) riding a horse. 他在骑马时伤了腿。
When (you are) cycling, don't forget the traffic lights. 骑车时，不要忘记看红绿灯。
Once (it is) seen, it can never be forgotten. 一旦看见，就永远不会忘记。
If (it is) burnt, rubber can give off a poisonous gas. 橡胶如果燃烧起来，会发出有毒气体。4．在比拟从句中通常把和主句重复的部分省掉。
①省略谓语的全部
James enjoys the theatre more than Susan. 詹姆斯比苏姆更喜欢戏剧。（Susan后省略了enjoys the theatre）
Tom has as many books as Jack. 汤姆有跟杰克一样多的书。（Jack后省略了has many books）②省略主语和谓语的一部分
Brown speaks French as fluently as English. 布朗说法语和英语一样流利。（as后省略了he speaks）
She was more angry than frightened. 与其说她害怕，倒不如说她生气。（than后省略了She was）
③省略表语部分
Mrs White is not so young as she looks. 怀特夫人没有看上去那样年轻。（looks后省略了young）
The situation is much more delicate than it seems. 情况要比外表上看起来微妙得多。（seems 后省略了delicate）
④省略主语和谓语的大部分，保留状语
He is working harder than before. 他现在工作比过去努力多了。（than后省略了he worked hard）
There are as many students in our school as in their school. 我们学校的学生和他们学校的学生一样多。（as后省略了there are many students）
⑤省略主语
He drank a little more than was good for him. 他喝酒稍有一点过量。（than后省略了it）
⑥省略宾语
You spent more money than I had expected. 你花掉的钱比我预料的多。（expected后省略了that you should spend）
I was able to borrow as many books as (what) I asked for. 我想要的许多书如数借到。
⑦省略从句的全部
You are getting slimmer. 你越来越苗条了。（slimmer后省略了than you were before）
It is not only blind men who make such stupid mistakes. People who can see sometimes act just as foolishly. 不仅仅只是瞎子才犯如此愚蠢的错误。有时候，眼睛看得见的人也做出同样的蠢事。（foolishly后省略了as blind men act）
注意：
在这类句子中，被省略的部分大多数是不表示出来的。如果把省略部分补上，反而不符合习惯。
He is taller than I am. 他比我高。（am之后省略tall，补上不合习惯）
5．主句和从句中可同时省略一些成分。
The sooner (this is done), the better (it will be). 越快越好。
(If you take) No pains, (you will make) no gains. （谚）不劳则无获。
C．使用替代词的省略
我们在省略句子某些成分时，有时还必须加上适当的替代词，如do, so, one等，以保持句子意思的完整。
1．do
do用来代替动词或动词加其他成分。
I know you better than he does. 我比他更了解你。（he does等于he knows you）
--- Have you finished your work
--- Yes, I did yesterday. （did替代finished my work）
2．so
so在expect, think, imagine, hope, suppose, believe等词后面，代替单词、词组或句子。She became a loyal friend to me and remains so. 她成了我的一个忠诚的朋友，而且一直如此。（so替代a loyal friend）
--- Has she ever been to London 她曾到过伦敦吗
--- I don't think so. 我想她没去过。（= I don't think she has been to
London.)
提示：
也可使用do so, do that来代替动词加宾语。
He said he would make the bed for me but he didn't do so. 他说他帮我整理床铺的，但是他没有这样做。（do so代替make the bed for me）
They played cards after supper and I watched them do that. 他们晚饭后打牌，我在一旁观看。（do that代替play cards）
3．not
not代替否定的句子，用法和so相似。
--- Will it rain tomorrow 明天会下雨吗
--- I hope not. 我希望不会。（= I hope it won't rain tomorrow.）
--- Can you come next week 你下星期能来吗
--- I'm afraid not. 恐怕我不能来。(= I'm afraid that I can not come.)
4．the same
the same可代替词组或从句。
The mother swept the floor and her child did the same. 母亲扫地, 孩子也跟着干。（the same 代替swept the floor）
Kate ordered two fried eggs. I ordered the same. 凯特点了两个煎鸡蛋，我也点了同样的菜。（the same代替two fried eggs）
These oranges are just as sour as the last ones we had. They taste the same. 这些桔子和我们上次吃的一样酸。他们味道一样。（the same代替as sour as the last ones we had）
5．one
one是不定代词，常用来代替可数名词。其复数形式是ones。
I haven't got any books; can you lend me one 我没有书，你能借我一本吗
The white dresses go with the hat better than the blue ones. 白色套装比蓝色套装更配这顶帽子。
必背：
口语中常用的省略句。
Up to you！你说了算！
Believe me. 相信我。
Give me a hand. 帮我一下。
Doesn't matter. 没关系。
Me too. 我也一样。
Not yet. 还没有。
Too bad! 太糟糕啦！
Mind you！留神！
Where to 要去哪儿？
Sure, no problem. 当然，没问题。
That much 太贵了吧？
Get lost! 滚开！
So that explains it. 原来如此
Too strange to be true! 太奇怪了，不真实。
See what I mean 了解我的意思吗？
练习
1. When first ________ to the market, these products enjoyed great success.
A. introducing
B. Introduced
C. introduce
D. being introduced
2. It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when ________ at the meeting by my boss.
A. questioning
B. having questioned
C. questioned
D. to be questioned
3. The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if ________ whether he was going in the right direction.
A. seeing
B. having seen
C. to have seen
D. to see
4. Generally speaking, _______according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.
A. when taking
B. when taken
C. when to take
D. when to be taken
5. Unless ________ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.
A. invited
B. inviting
C. being invited
D. having invited
6. When ________ , the museum will be open to the public next year.
A. completed
B. completing
C. being completed
D. to be completed
7. Though ________ money, his parents man-aged to send him to university.
A. lacked
B. lacking of
C. lacking
D. lacked in
8. The research is so designed that once ________ nothing can be done to change it.
A. begins
B. having begun
C. beginning
D. begun
9. —You 're always working. Come on, let's go shopping.
— ________ you ever want to do is going shopping.
A. Anything
B. Something
C. All
D. That
10. Is this the reason ________ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?
A. he explained
B. what he explained
C. how he explained
D. why he explained
11. What surprised me was not what he said but ________ he said it.
A. the way
B. in the way that
C. in the way
D. the way which
12. It is easy to do the repair. ________ you need is a hammer and some nails.
A. Something
B. All
C. Both
D. Everything
13. That's an unpleasant thing to say about your father after ______he's done for you.
A. something
B. anything
C. all
D. that
14. As you've never been there before, I'll have someone ________ you the way.
A. to show
B. show
C. showing
D. showed
15. —I'll be away on a business trip. Would you mind looking after my cat?
—Not at all, ________ .
A. I have no time
B. I'd rather not
C. I'd like it
D. I'd be happy to
16. —Does your brother intend to study German?
—Yes, he intends ________ .
A. /
B. to
C. so
D. that
17. —Would you like to go to the Grand Theatre with me tonight?
— ________ .
A. Yes, I'd like to go to the Grand Theatre
B. I'd like to, but I have an exam tomorrow
C. No, I won't
D. That's right
18. —You should have thanked her before you left.
—I meant ________ , but when I was leaving I couldn't find her anywhere.
A. to do
B. to
C. doing
D. doing to
19. ________ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge.
A. Were
B. Should
C. Would
D. Will
20. ________ for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the films so often.
A. If it is not
B. Were
C. Had it not been
D. If they were not
21. I will know what was on his mind at the time, nor will ________ .
A. anyone
B. anyone else
C. no one
D. no one else
22. Of the making of good books there is no end; neither ________ any end to their influence on man's lives.
A. there is
B. there are
C. is there
D. are there
23. —I would never come to this restaurant again. The food is terrible!
— ________ .
A. Nor am I
B. Neither would I
C. Same with me
D. So do I
24. _____, I will help you with your work.
A. If I am possible
B. If it possible
C. If possible
D. Possible
25. —Do you follow me? —Yes, _____.
A. it is good
B. I will
C. perfectly
D. very good
26. —How are you getting on with your work ?
—Oh, I’m sorry. Things aren’t going so well as _____.
A. plans
B. planning
C. planned
D. to plan
27. —Are you a teacher?
—No, but I _____. I worked in a middle school for three years.
A. am
B. will
C. do
D. was
28. —How many poor counties will there be in our province by 2021?
—There will be only a few, if _____.
A. much
B. some
C. any
D. many
29. —Why didn’t you come to Mike’s birthday party yesterday ?
—Well, I_____, but I forgot it.
A. should
B. must
C. should have
D. must have
30. Doctors have said that as many as 50% of patients don’t take medicine _____.
A. like directed
B. to be directed
C. as directed
D. so that directed
随堂专练：
1.Tom wanted to play football with his friends in the street, but his father told
him_____.
A．not to B．not to do C．not do it D．do not to
2.—Do you think Jack is going to watch a football match this weekend?
—_____.
A．I believe not B．I believe not so C．I don’t believe it D．I don't believe 3.—What do you think made the girl so glad?
—_____a beautiful necklace.
A．As she received B．Receiving C．Received D．Because of receiving 4. Father advised me not to say anything until _____ at the meeting.
A．asking B．to ask C．asked D．ask
5.—Have you watered the flowers?
—No, but_____.
A．I am B．I’m going C．I’m just going to D．I will go
6. —He hasn’t gone to the office up to now.
—Well, he_____.
A．should B．ought to C．ought to go D．ought to have 7.—The war is very likely to break out in the near future.
—I _____, if the situation goes as it is.
A．hope so B．hope not C．am afraid not D．am afraid so 8.—You ought to have given them some advice.
—_____, but who cared what I said?
A．So ought you B．So I ought C．So I did D．So did you
9. The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if _____.whether he was going in the right direction.
A．seeing B．having seen C．to see D．to have seen
10. _____.he come, the problem would be settled.
A．Would B．Should C．Shall D．If
11.—Can I see you at 3:00 pm next Monday?
—I_____. I will have flown to New York long before then.
A．am afraid not B．am afraid so C．am afraid to D．am afraid not to 12. —Is that a book on farming? If so, I want to borrow_____.
—Yes, it is.
A．this B．it C．one D．the one
13. _____, I will help you with your work.
A．If am possible B．If it possible C．If possible D．Possible 14.—How are you getting on with your work?
—Oh, I’m sorry. Things aren’t going so well as_____.
A．plans B．planning C．planned D．to plan
15.—Are you a volunteer now?
—No, but I _____. I worked for the City Sports Meeting last year.
A．used to B．used to be C．used to do D．was used to
综合专练：
1.The boy wanted to ride his bike in the street, but his mother told him _____.
A. not to
B. not to do
C. not do it
D. do not to
2.The traditional goal of science is to discover how things are, not how they ought
____.
A. to
B. to be
C. be
D. have been
3.---Did you work in the lab every afternoon?
---No, but sometimes, I wish I ____.
A. had time to
B. had time to do
C. have time to
D. have time
4.---I hope the children won’t touch the dog.
----I’ve warned them ____.
A. not
B. not to
C. not touch
D. not do
5.Some students are going to China in summer vacation, and ____.
A.some are to America
B. some going to America
C. some to America
D. some America
6.The workers did all ___ good care of the old man.
A. they could to take
B. they could take
C. which they could to take
D. what they could to take
7.Of all the things in the world, I think life and love are ____.
A.very much precious
B. more than precious
C. the preciousest
D. the most precious
8.The photographs of other planets taken by satellite are clear than ___.
A. the earth
B. those taken from the earth
C. those of the earth
D. of the earth
9.why ___? It is not very serious.
A. to worry
B. worry
C. not worry
D. you are worried
10.___ the road, don’t forget to look both ways.
A. As crossing
B. While you cross
C. While crossing
D. Cross
11.Chemistry is the science of substances ___ the science of energy.
A. and is physics
B. or is physics
C. and physics
D. or physics is
12. –Who broke the window?
--- ____.
A. Him
B. He
C. He broke
D. It is him
13.---Susan, go and join your sister cleaning the yard.
--- Why ___? John is sitting there doing nothing.
A. him
B. he
C. I
D. me
14.---How do you find your missing pen?
----___.
A.Quite by accident
B. I found it in my drawer.
C. It writes well
D. It was well kept by myself.
15.---You must obey every word of mine.
----____ I don’t.?
A. How if
B. What if
C. Such as
D. Only if
16.When ___, the museum will be open to the public next year.
A. completed
B. completing
C. being completed
D. to be completed
17. The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if ____ whether he was
going in the right direction.
A. seeing
B. having seen
C. to have seen
D. to see
18.I won’t go to his party next time. It couldn’t have been ____ in fact.
A. any better
B. any worse
C. so bad
D. the best
19. ---Does Bill do his new job well?
---_____ his old job. I am afraid there is no hope for him.
A. Not better than
B. No better than
C. Not so well as
D. Not as well as
20.---Leaving for Shanghai?
---____.
A. Soon
B. Lately
C. The other day
D. Sooner
21.The rent is expensive. I’ve got half the space I had at home and I’m paying
____here.
A. as three times much
B. as much three times
C. much as three times
D. three times as much
22. —Wait until we get a satisfactory one, will you?
---I couldn’t agree ___, It sounds good to me.
A. much
B. worse
C. more
D. at all
23. ——I’ll be away on a business trip. Would you mind looking after my cat?
——Not at all. ______________.
A. I’ve no time
B. I’d rather not
C. I’d like it
D. I’d be happy to
24. ——Let me introduce myself. I’m Albert.
——____________.
A.What a pleasure
B. It’s my pleasure
C. Pleased to meet you
D. I’m very pleased
25. ——Do you mind my taking this seat？
——__________.
A. Yes, sit down
B. No, of course not
C. Yes, take it please
D. No, you can’t take it
26. ——I usually go there by train.
——Why not _____by boat for a change?
A. to try going
B. trying to go
C. to try and go
D. try going
27. Unless________ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.
A. invited
B. inviting
C. being invited
D. having invited
28. Though_______ money, his parents managed to send him to university.
A. lacked
B. lacking of
C. lacking
D. lacked in
29. The research is so designed that once _____nothing can be done to change it..
A.begins B having begun C. beginning D. begun
30. The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if________ whether he was
going in the right direction.
A. seeing
B. having seen
C. to have seen
D. to see
31. ______, he doesn’t want to go to school and keep in touch with the bad boys.
A. As he is a student
B. He is as student
C. Student as he is
D. As students he is
32. ——The boys are not doing a good job at all, are they?
——_________.
A. I guess not so
B. I don’t guess
C. I don’t guess so
D. I guess not
33. In a way, I think we both won: I the game, but cousin Ed my ______.
A.friendship
B. Respect
C. support
D. favor
34. — I hate talking with that guy. Look, he is coming. What should I do?
—Don’t speak until _____.
A. speaking
B. spoken to
C. spoken
D. speaking to
35. — How are you getting on with your work?
—Oh, I’m sorry. Things aren’t going so well as _____.
A. plans
B. planning
C. planned
D. to plan
36. He is only too ready to help others, seldom, _____, refusing them
when they turn to him.
A. if never
B. if ever
C. if not
D. if any
37. While _____ holding talks with President Hu Jintao, US President George W.
Bush thanked China for its important role in the Six-Party Talks.
A. he is
B. he was
C./
D. B or C
38. —You should have thanked her before you left.
— I meant _____, but when I w as leaving I couldn’t find her anywhere
A. to thank
B. to
C. /
D. thanking
39. When first _____ to the market, these products enjoyed great success.
A. introducing
B. introduced
C. introduce
D. being introduced
40. I wonder why you won't do it as___. It's the third time you have done so
A. told to
B. be told
C. told you
D. you told
41. He is rather difficult to make friends with, but his friendship, _____ is
more true than any other.
A. once gained
B. when to gain
C. after is gained
D. while gaining
42. You may take them all home _____.
A. if possible
B. if can
C. if impossible
D. if you are possible
43. Water, _____ enough, can change into vapor quickly
A. when heated
B. while heating
C. when to be heated
D. when is heated
44. —Should I look up each word that I don’t understand?
— No, turn to your dictionary only when _____.
A. you are necessary
B. you need
C. necessary
D. you are needed
45. — You seem to have lost your way. _____?
— I'm looking for Wangfujing Street.
A. What for
B. Need help
C. Why so
D. Where to
省略句练习
1—5 BCDBA 6—10 AADCA 11—15 AACBD
16—20 BBBBC 21—25 BCBCC 26—30 CDCCC
省略句随堂专练答案与解析：
1．A 不定式作宾语补足语时，其后的内容常被省略，只保留不定式符号to。2．A
3．B Receiving a beautiful necklace后面省略了前文中的made the girl so glad。4．C 状语从句中省略了I was。
5．C
6．D 承前省略的不定式后有助动词have时，不定式等号to后要保留have。7．D
8．C
9．C as if to see是as if he was going to see的省略说法。
10．B 此处是对将来情况的假设。虚拟条件句的谓语部分有should, had或were 时，可把if省去，而把should, had或were放在从句的主语之前，构成主谓部分倒装。
11．A
12．B
13．C If possible是If it is possible的省略说法。
14．C
15．B
综合专练参考答案：
1-5 ABABC 6-10 ADBBC 11-15 CADCB
16-20 ADBBA 21-25 DCDCB 26-30 DACDD
31-35 CDABC 36-40 CDBBA 41-45 AAACB
论大学生写作能力
写作能力是对自己所积累的信息进行选择、提取、加工、改造并将之形成为书面文字的能力。积累是写作的基础，积累越厚实，写作就越有基础，文章就能根深叶茂开奇葩。没有积累，胸无点墨，怎么也不会写出作文来的。写作能力是每个大学生必须具备的能力。从目前高校整体情况上看，大学生的写作能力较为欠缺。
一、大学生应用文写作能力的定义
那么，大学生的写作能力究竟是指什么呢？叶圣陶先生曾经说过，“大学毕业生不一定能写小说诗歌，但是一定要写工作和生活中实用的文章，而且非写得既通顺又扎实不可。”对于大学生的写作能力应包含什么，可能有多种理解，但从叶圣陶先生的谈话中，我认为：大学生写作能力应包括应用写作能力和文学写作能力，而前者是必须的，后者是“不一定”要具备，能具备则更好。众所周知，对于大学生来说，是要写毕业论文的，我认为写作论文的能力可以包含在应用写作能力之中。大学生写作能力的体现，也往往是在撰写毕业论文中集中体现出来的。本科毕业论文无论是对于学生个人还是对于院系和学校来说，都是十分重要的。如何提高本科毕业论文的质量和水平，就成为教育行政部门和高校都很重视的一个重要课题。如何提高大学生的写作能力的问题必须得到社会的广泛关注，并且提出对策去实施解决。
二、造成大学生应用文写作困境的原因：
（一）大学写作课开设结构不合理。
就目前中国多数高校的学科设置来看，除了中文专业会系统开设写作的系列课程外，其他专业的学生都只开设了普及性的《大学语文》课。学生写作能力的提高是一项艰巨复杂的任务，而我们的课程设置仅把这一任务交给了大学语文教师，可大学语文教师既要在有限课时时间内普及相关经典名著知识，又要适度提高学生的鉴赏能力，且要教会学生写作规律并提高写作能力，任务之重实难完成。
（二）对实用写作的普遍性不重视。
“大学语文”教育已经被严重地“边缘化”。目前对中国语文的态度淡漠，而是呈现出全民学英语的大好势头。中小学如此，大学更是如此。对我们的母语中国语文，在大学反而被漠视，没有相关的课程的设置，没有系统的学习实践训练。这其实是国人的一种偏见。应用写作有它自身的规律和方法。一个人学问很大，会写小说、诗歌、戏剧等，但如果不晓得应用文写作的特点和方法，他就写不好应用文。
（三）部分大学生学习态度不端正。
很多非中文专业的大学生对写作的学习和训练都只是集中在《大学语文》这一门课上，大部分学生只愿意被动地接受大学语文老师所讲授的文学经典故事，而对于需要学生动手动脑去写的作文，却是尽可能应付差事，这样势必不能让大学生的写作水平有所提高。
（四）教师的实践性教学不强。
学生写作能力的提高是一项艰巨复杂的任务，但在教学中有不少教师过多注重理论知识，实践性教学环节却往往被忽视。理论讲了一大堆，但是实践却几乎没有，训练也少得可怜。阅读与写作都需要很
高考英语省略句知识点技巧及练习题含答案(6)
高考英语省略句知识点技巧及练习题含答案(6) 一、选择题 1．When people cut down big trees, new trees should be planted. ,they will have no trees to cut down in the future. A．If not B．If so C．If no so D．If don’t 2．However frequently , the textbook play acted by my classmates still interests us every year. A．performed B．performing C．to be performed D．being performed 3．Unless to speak, you should remain silent at the conference. A．invited B．inviting C．being invited D．having invited 4．Our bedroom ________ 8 metres across, if ________ in metres. A．is measured; measured B．is measured in; measuring C．measures; measured D．measures in; measuring 5．Some of you may have finished the text. _______, you can go on to the next. A．If ever B．If so C．If possible D．If not 6．—Frequent lack of breakfast does harm to health. — , why do you always do that? A．So what B．If so C．If any D．Even so 7．If _____ green, the door might look more beautiful. A．paint B．painted C．to paint D．painting 8．Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water ________. A．if not managed carefully B．if are not managed carefully C．unless not managed carefully D．unless are not managed carefully 9．Unless ________ to speak, most high school students here prefer remaining silent in class. A．invited B．inviting C．being invited D．having invited 10．It is dangerous to drive the car while on the phone. A．talk B．talking C．talked D．to talk 11．It has been said that “happiness is like a butterfly, which, when _ _, is always beyond our grasp but which, if you will sit down quietly, may alight upon you．" A．pursuing B．pursued C．to pursue D．having pursued 12．—Have you been to the Great Wall? —Perhaps not in my memory; ________， it might have been during the early childhood. A．if any B．if so C．if ever D．if not 13．When effectively _______, the feedback we share with students or employees can develop their awareness of their own learning.
高中英语省略句讲练.
高中英语省略句讲练 为了使话说得简明扼要，英语句子中某个单词、短语甚至从句或主句都可以省去。这种省去句子某些成分而保持句子意思不变的现象，称为省略（ellipsis） 种类例句说明 主语的省略 Beautiful day (= It is a beautiful day, isn’t it? Pity we live so far from the sea. (It is a pity we live so far from the sea. 有时也可省略整个句子的 主语和谓语，只保留次要 成分。 She was poor but (she was honest. --Did you know anything about the accident? --Not until you told me. (= I didn’t know anything about it until you told me. 谓语的省略 --what do you think made Mary so upset?
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