if 条件状语从句中的虚拟语气

1.if 条件状语从句中的虚拟语气

一、if 条件状语从句中表示对将来、过去、现在的虚拟

1. If she invites me tomorrow, I shall go to the party.（真实条

件句）

如果她明天邀请我参加聚会,我就去.

If she invited me , I should go to the party.[虚拟条件句] (说话人认为邀请的可能性较小或不可能)

She will probably not invite me, so I shall not go to the party.

2. If she had invited me yesterday, I should have gone to the party.

假如她昨天邀请我参加聚会,我就去了.

She didn`t invite me yesterday, so I didn`t go to the party. 她昨天没有邀请我参加聚会,因此我没有去.

3. If she should invite me tomorrow, I should go to the party.

If she were to invite me tomorrow, I should go to the party.

If she invited me tomorrow, I should go to the party.

1.对现在的虚拟

条件状语从句的动词形式主句的动词形式

If+主语+动词过去式

(be的过去式用were) I (we) should+动词原形

主语+would(might, could)+动词原形

If I were you, I should study English. (I am not you , so I shall not study English.)

If I had time, I would attend the wedding. (I does not have time, so I will not attend the wedding.)

If they didn`t take physical exercises every day, they wouldn`t be so healthy.

(They take physical exercises every day, so they are very healthy.)

2.对过去的虚拟

条件状语从句的动词形式主句的动词形式

If+主语+had+过去分词 I(we) should+ have+过去分词

主语+would(might, could)+have+过去分词

If you had taken my advice, you wouldn`t have failed in the

examination.

(You did not take my advice, so you have failed in the examination.)

3.对将来的虚拟

条件状语从句的动词形式(三种) 主句的动词形式

⑴If+主语+动词过去式(be的过去式用were),通常要与一个表示将来的

时间状语连用(tomorrow)

⑵If+主语(任何人称和数)+should+动词原形

⑶If+主语(任何人称和数) +were +to动词原形

I (we) should+动词原形或

主语(任何人称)+would

(might, could)+动词原形

If it rained tomorrow, our picnic would be put off.

If it should rain tomorrow, our picnic would be put off. If it were to rain tomorrow, our picnic would be put off.