人教版英语 初中五种时态归纳

初中英语的五种时态归纳一、一般现在时。

概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况1、基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词当主语是第三人称时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，加-s/es。

除此之外都用动词原形。

否定形式：①am/is/are+not; ②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。

一般疑问句：①把be动词放于句首；②用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。

例：肯定句：主语+V原+其他。

I usually go to school by bus.主语（三单）+V三单疑问句：Do+主语+V原……？Does+主语（三单）+ V原……？否定句：主语+don’t + V原. 主语（三单）+ doesn’t + V原.2、用法：1、表示经常或习惯性发生的动作。

I usually go to school by bus.2、表示客观真理、事实。

The earth goes around the sun.3、在时间、条件等状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。

( if, as soon as, until, when)If it rains tomorrow, we won’t go to the park. When I grow up, I’ll go to Paris.3、时间状语：Always, often, sometimes, usually, on Sunday, on Monday afternoon, every day/month/year/week, in the morning, once a year, twice a day, three times a day等例题：1. He______(be, am, is, are) a teacher at No. 2 Middle School.2. He______(have, has) classes in the afternoon.3. He______(get, gets) up at half past six every morning.4. He always _____(come, comes ) to school on time.5. He ______(study, studies) very hard at his lesson.6. One and two _____(be, is, are) three.7. Blue and yellow _____(make, makes) green.8. The earth _____(move, moves) round the sun.9. I will go there if I ____( be, will be, am, is, are) free tomorrow.10. I will go there when I _____(have, will have, has) time tomorrow.11. He won’t come to the party unless he _____(be, will be, am, is, are) invited.12. I’ll wait here until my mother ____(come, comes, will come) back.13. Please return the book to the library as soon as you ______(finish, finishes, will finish) reading it.14. Once you _____(see, sees, will see) him, you will never forget him.⑵一般过去时。

1、⑴表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。

I got up late this morning.⑵表示过去的习惯或经常发生的动作。

When I was in the countryside. I often swam in the river. I used to go fishing.2、结构：基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词否定形式：①was/were+not; ②在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。

一般疑问句：①was或were放于句首；②用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。

例：肯定句：主语+ V过去+其他。

疑问句：Did+主语+ V原……？否定句：主语+didn’t+ V原……。

3、动词的规则变化。

4、时间状语：Yesterday, last night/week/year/month, last Sunday, in 1995, the other day, just now, ago等例题：1. He____(be, was, were, been) here a moment ago.2. They ____(be, was, were, been) here just now.3. The scientists _____(leave, leaves, leaved, left) for America yesterday.4. Last week we ______(visit, visited ) the Science Museum.5. When I was a child, I often ____(play, played) football.6. The students ran out of the classroom as soon as the bell ____(ring, rang, rung).⑶一般将来时。

①肯定句：否定句：(注：当主语为I 或we时，问句中可用shall) where shall we meet tomorrow?②be going to+ V原表示计划、打算做某事。

用来表示近期或事先考虑过的将要发生的动作以及已有迹象表明必将发生某事，意为“打算；就要”。

be going to do 将要干某事---what are you going to do next Sunday? ---I am going to listen to music.Look at the clouds, there is going to rain.③现在进行时be +Ving 有时可以表示将来。

常用这种结构的动词：go, come, leave, stay, start, arrive We’re leaving for London.例题：1 . _____you ____a doctor when you grow up?A .Will; going to be B. Are; going to be C. Are; / D .Will; be2. I don’t know if his uncle _____. I think he _____ if it doesn’t rain.A will come; comesB will come; will comeC comes; comesD comes; will come3 . He will be back _____a few minutes.A withB forC onD in4. What time _____we meet at the gate tomorrow?A willB shallC doD are5. He will have a holiday as soon as he _____the work next week.A finishes B. doesn’t finish C will finish D won’t finish6 .There _____some showers this afternoon.A will beB will haveC is going to beD are going to have7. It ____my brother’s birthday tomorrow. She _____a party.A is going to be; will haveB will be; is havingC will be; is going to haveD will have; is going to be8. Li Ming is 10 years old now, next year he _____11.A isB is going to beC will beD will to bebe going to与will区别：两者都可表示将要发生的事、将要去做某事，但它们有如下几点区别：1. be going to表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情，will 表示的将来时间则较远一些，如：He is going to write a letter tonight.He will write a book one day.2. be going to表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情，will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。

He is seriously ill. He is going to die.He will be twenty years old.3. be going to 含有“计划，准备”的意思，而will 则没有这个意思，如：She is going to lend us her book.He will be here in half an hour.4.在有条件从句的主句中，一般不用be going to, 而多用will, 如：If any beasts comes at you, I'll stay with you and help you（4）现在进行时1、构成：肯定句：主语+ is / am / are +ving疑问句：Is /Am /Are + 主语+ving否定句：主语+ isn’t/ am not / aren’t + ving2、用法：①表示正在进行的动作I’m reading book now.②表示现阶段正在进行的动作或状态。

They are studying hard this term.3、时间状语：now , these days, 当句中有look, listen , can’t you see, can you see时Listen! He is singing.例题：1. I ____(write, am writing, is writing, are writing) a letter now.2. Look, it _____(begin, is beginning, am beginning, are beginning) to rain.3. They ____(study, is studying, am studying, are studying) medicine at the Medical Institute of Chengde thesedays.4. He _____(teach, am teaching, is teaching, are teaching) an English lesson at this time.(5) 过去进行时1、结构was / were + doing2、用法①表示过去某段时间正在进行的动作---what were you doing at 9:30 last night? --- I was watching TV.3、when一般接一般过去时I was doing my homework when my father came home.while一般接进行时While my mother was cleaning, I went out.He was playing basketball while she was reading books.例题：1. I _____(cook, cooked, was cooking, were cooking) breakfast when you arrived.2.What ____you_____( do, di d, was...doing, were…doing) at this time yesterday evening?3.We_____(have, are having, had, were having) dinner when the doorbell rang.4.While/ When/ As we____( have, had, are having, were having) dinner, the doorbell rang.动词基本变化形式：动词的一般变化形式构成方法原形第三人称单数过去式过去分词现在分词一般在词尾加s、ed或ing workstayworksstaysworkedstayedworkedstayedworkingstaying以e结尾加s, d或去e加ing usehopeuseshopesusedhopedusedhopedusinghoping以辅音字母y结尾，y变i，再加es或ed或直接加ingstudy studies studied studied studying以单个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节，直接加s, 双写辅音字母加ed, 加ingstop stops stopped stopped stopping以r结尾的重读音节、重复r后再加ed或ing，直接加sprefer prefers preferred preferred preferring 以l结尾的有时要重复l后再加ed或ing，直接加stravel travels travelled travelled travelling家庭作业Ⅰ.高频考点( )1. There is ________ wrong with this computer. It doesn't work well.A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing( )2. We didn't go home ________ the old man was sent to the hospital.A．until B．when C．while D．that( )3. —There used to be lots of fishes in the lake.—Yes, but there are very ________now.A．few B．fewer C．little D．less( )4. She had a stomachache ________ she ate something bad.A．so B．because C．or D．although( )5. The new kind of car is ________ dear. I don't have ________ money.A．too much; much too B．much too; too muchC．too much; too much D．much too; much too( )6. Please give up ________ computer games. It's bad for you.A．play B．played C．to play D．playing( )7. I've ________ my money yesterday. Now I have no money to buy food.A．ran out B．ran out of C．run out D．run out of( )8. They agreed ________ in that park.A．met B．meet C．meeting D．to meet( )9. ________ her surprise, she passed the music test easily.A．With B．To C．In D．At( )10. Mrs smith is used to ________ a walk after supper.A．takes B．take C．taking D．tookⅡ.完形填空Everyone wants to have healthy teeth. When you laugh, you will 1.________ your mouth and show your teeth. The healthier your teeth are, the happier you feel. Why is that?It's 2.________ your teeth are important in many ways. Take care of them, and they'll help to take care of you. Strong 3.________ teeth help you grow. They also help you speak clearly. You can take care of your teeth by doing like these：Brush your teethes 4.________ a day, after getting up and before bedtime. And you should brush all of your teeth, not just the front ones. Spend some time 5.________ the teeth along the sides and in the back. Take your time while brushing. Spend at 6.________ three minutes each time you brush. Be sure your toothbrush is soft. Ask your parents to help you get a new toothbrush 7.________ three months. Clean between your teeth with dental floss(牙线)．It feels strange when you do it at first, but soon you'll get used to 8.________ it. Brushing 9.________your teeth healthy. You also need to care about what you eat and drink. Eat 10.________ fruits and vegetables and drink water instead of drinks.Do you want to have white and healthy teeth? Please brush your teeth!( )1. A. close B. wash C. serve D. open( )2. A. though B. because C. if D. when( )3. A. tight B. white C. healthy D. clean( ) 4. A. once B. twice C. three times D. four times( ) 5. A. on B. in C. at D. to( ) 6. A. first B. least C. once D. last( )7. A. every B. both C. either D. neither( ) 8. A. helping B. making C. feeling D. doing( )9. A. starts B. produces C. keeps D. suggests( )10. A. a lot B. lots of C. few D. a littleⅢ.阅读理解Healthy eating doesn't just mean what you eat, but h ow you eat. Here is some advice on healthy eating.Eat with others. It can help you to see others' healthy eating habits. If you usually eat with your parents, you will find that the food you eat is more delicious.Listen to your body. Ask yourself if you are really hungry. Have a glass of water to see if you are thirsty—sometimesyou are just thirsty, you need no food. Stop eating before you feel full.Eat breakfast. Breakfast is the most important meal of the day. After you don't eat for the past ten hours, your body needs food to get you going. You will be smarter after eating breakfast.Eat healthy snacks like fruits, yogurt or cheese. We all need snacks sometimes. In fact, it's a good idea to eat two healthy snacks between your three meals. This doesn't mean that you can eat a bag of chips instead of a meal.Don't eat dinner late. With our busy life, we always put off eating dinner until the last minute. Try to eat dinner at least 3 hours before you go to bed. This will give your body a chance to digest most of the food before you rest for the next 8—10 hours.( )1. The writer gives us ________ pieces of advice on healthy eating.A．4 B．5 C．6 D．7( )2. Which snack is Not mentioned in the passage?A．Fruits B．Yogurt C．Chips D．Ice cream( )3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A．Snacks are bad for our health.B．We should keep eating until we are full.C．Dinner is the most important meal of the day.D．We should have dinner at least 3 hours before going to bed.( )4. The underlined(画线)word “digest”means “________”in Chinese.A．消化B．享用C．储存D．循环( )5. The passage mainly tells us________．A．where to eat B．how to eat C．why to eat D．when to eat。