国际贸易实务英文版参考答案

Chapter 1

I .YES，Please refer to the 1st paragraph of the text.

II. 流动性过剩自给自足经济资源直接投资国际收支易货交易出口退税倾销

出口型经济增长东道国贸易差额

贸易顺差／贸易逆差欧盟

国际收支顺差／国际收支逆差有形贸易无形贸易货物贸易服务贸易

excess liquidity self-sufficient

economic resources direct investment balance of payments barter

export tax rebate dumping

export-driven economic growth host country balance of trade

favorable/unfavorable balance of trade European Union

favorable/unfavorable balance of payments visible trade invisible trade trade in goods trade in serv ices

III

The chart above shows the U.S. imports from China, U.S. exports to China and the trade balance . The U.S. has a negative trade balance with China, and it has been growing. During the period fro m 1997 to 2003, imports from China have grown 244% while exports to China have grown 221%, indicating that the trade deficit is increasing. There had already been a sizeable trade balance defi cit with China in 1996, totaling $ 39.5 billion at the end of the year. IV

1. Export goods are tangible goods sent out of countries.

2. Trade in services are international earnings other than those derived from the exporting and i mporting of tangible goods.

3. Import goods are tangible goods brought in.

4. International trade is all business transactions that involve two or more countries.

5. FDI is one t hat gives the investor a controlling interest in a foreign company.

6. Investment is used primarily as financial means for a company to earn more money on its mo ney with relative safety. V

1. International trade is the fair and deliberate exchange of goods and/or services across national boundaries. It concerns trade operations of both import and export and includes the purchase and s ale of both visible and invisible goods.

2. In today's complex economic world, neither individuals nor nations are self-sufficient. Nation s participate in the international trade for many reasons. As to the economic reasons, no nation has all of the economic resources (land, labor and capital) that it needs to develop its economy and cu lture, and no country enjoys a particular item sufficient enough to meet its needs. As for the prefer ence reasons, international trade takes place because of innovation of style. Besides, every nation can specialize in a certain field and enjoy a comparative advantage in some particular area in term s of trade so that they need to do business with each other to make use of resources more efficientl y and effectively.

3. In measuring the effectiveness of global trade, nations carefully follow two key indicators, na mely, balance of trade and balance of payments.

4. FDI, the abbreviation form Foreign Direct Investment, means buying of permanent property a nd business in foreign nations. It occurs when acquisition of equity interest in a foreign company is trade. The great significance of FDI for China might be that: FDI solve the problem of capital s hortage for China so that China may spend the money on importing advanced equipment and tech