The four famous academies in ancient China(中国古代四大书院)
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At the end of the Yuan dynasty
940 AD
Development
Emperor Taizong of the
Song dynasty attached great importance to the academy education, and he granted the Jiu Jing (《九经》） and other books to the academy.
Yingtian Academy Shangqiu, Henan province
The fourth?
?
Songyang Academy Dengfeng, Henan province Shigu Academy Hengyang, Hunan province
Because the Shigu Academy was destroyed during the Anti-Japanese War, the country chose Songyang Academy as one of the four ancient academies.
The four famous academies in ancient China
陈杨、张怡琳
Contents
1
What is the academy?
2
Controversy
3
The introduction of the four academies
1
What is the academy?
Thank you for your listening！
The Southern Song dynasty
Destroyed
Bailudong Academy
was destroyed in the war.
相传书院的创始人可以追溯到南 唐的李渤。李渤养有一只白鹿，终日 相随，故人称白鹿先生。后来李渤就 任江州(今九江)刺史，旧地重游，于 此修建亭台楼阁，疏引山泉，种植花 木，成为一处游览胜地。由于这里山 峰回合，形如一洞，故取名为白鹿洞。 宋朝书院讲学之风盛行。位于江西庐 山五老峰下的白鹿洞书院，因朱熹和 学界名流陆九渊等曾在此讲学或辩论， 这里成为理学传播的中心。
Zhu xi ordered officials to restore the academy, hired teachers, formulated
In the early Northern Song dynasty
teaching regulations, and worked hard to develop the academy.
Yuelu Academy
Yuelu Academy is located at the east foot of Yuelu Mountain on the west bank of Xiangjiang river in Changsha, Hunan province. It is a traditional Chinese academy building and one of the four famous academies in Chinese history. In the ninth year of Kaibao in the Northern Song dynasty (976 AD), Zhudong, the taishou（太守） of Tanzhou, founded Yuelu Academy on the basis of running a school by monks（僧 人） and funded by the government. Later, after the Song, Yuan, Ming, Qing dynasties, to the end of the Qing dynasty Guangxu twenty-nine years (1903 AD), it was changed to Hunan higher school.
Yingtian Academy
应天府，治所为南京，管辖商丘等地区 Yingtian Academy, formerly known as Suiyang Academy （睢阳书院）, was founded by Yangque（杨悫）, a merchant（商人） of the later Jin dynasty. In 1009, Song Zhenzong promoted Yingtian Academy as a government’s school（府学）, which was called “Yingtianfu Academy”. In 1014, Yingtianfu was promoted to Nanjing and became the associate capital of Song dynasty. Yingtian Academy was also called “Nanjing academy”. In 1043, Yingtian Academy was upgraded to “Nanjing Imperial Academy”（南京国子监）, becoming the highest institution of higher learning in the Northern Song dynasty and the only academy in ancient China that was upgraded to imperial academy.
Academy
official Development
private
Origin
Song dynasty Yuan dynasty
Decline
Tang dynasty
Ming dynasty Qing dynasty
An important organizational form of ancient education. education Important influences politics
3
The introduction of the four academies
Bailudong Academy
The peak of development
Founded
The founder of Bailudong Academy can be traced back to Li bo in the Southern Tang dynasty.
Bailudong Academy is known as "the top one of the four academies" for its long history and profound cultural influence, which is of great significance in the development history of Chinese education and culture.
2
Controversy
There were four famous academies in ancient China, three of which are undisputed.
Bailudong Academy Mount Lushan, Jiangxi province
Yuelu Academy Changsha, Hunan province
Shangqiu, Henan province
Songyang Academy
Songyang Academy is an ancient institution of higher education, is one of the four Chinese academy. Due to its unique architectural character of Confucian education, Songyang Academy is called a “specimen”（标 本）for the study of ancient Chinese academy architecture, educational system and Confucian culture.
At the end of the Yuan dynasty
940 AD
Development
Emperor Taizong of the
Song dynasty attached great importance to the academy education, and he granted the Jiu Jing (《九经》） and other books to the academy.
Yingtian Academy Shangqiu, Henan province
The fourth?
?
Songyang Academy Dengfeng, Henan province Shigu Academy Hengyang, Hunan province
Because the Shigu Academy was destroyed during the Anti-Japanese War, the country chose Songyang Academy as one of the four ancient academies.
The four famous academies in ancient China
陈杨、张怡琳
Contents
1
What is the academy?
2
Controversy
3
The introduction of the four academies
1
What is the academy?
Thank you for your listening！
The Southern Song dynasty
Destroyed
Bailudong Academy
was destroyed in the war.
相传书院的创始人可以追溯到南 唐的李渤。李渤养有一只白鹿，终日 相随，故人称白鹿先生。后来李渤就 任江州(今九江)刺史，旧地重游，于 此修建亭台楼阁，疏引山泉，种植花 木，成为一处游览胜地。由于这里山 峰回合，形如一洞，故取名为白鹿洞。 宋朝书院讲学之风盛行。位于江西庐 山五老峰下的白鹿洞书院，因朱熹和 学界名流陆九渊等曾在此讲学或辩论， 这里成为理学传播的中心。
Zhu xi ordered officials to restore the academy, hired teachers, formulated
In the early Northern Song dynasty
teaching regulations, and worked hard to develop the academy.
Yuelu Academy
Yuelu Academy is located at the east foot of Yuelu Mountain on the west bank of Xiangjiang river in Changsha, Hunan province. It is a traditional Chinese academy building and one of the four famous academies in Chinese history. In the ninth year of Kaibao in the Northern Song dynasty (976 AD), Zhudong, the taishou（太守） of Tanzhou, founded Yuelu Academy on the basis of running a school by monks（僧 人） and funded by the government. Later, after the Song, Yuan, Ming, Qing dynasties, to the end of the Qing dynasty Guangxu twenty-nine years (1903 AD), it was changed to Hunan higher school.
Yingtian Academy
应天府，治所为南京，管辖商丘等地区 Yingtian Academy, formerly known as Suiyang Academy （睢阳书院）, was founded by Yangque（杨悫）, a merchant（商人） of the later Jin dynasty. In 1009, Song Zhenzong promoted Yingtian Academy as a government’s school（府学）, which was called “Yingtianfu Academy”. In 1014, Yingtianfu was promoted to Nanjing and became the associate capital of Song dynasty. Yingtian Academy was also called “Nanjing academy”. In 1043, Yingtian Academy was upgraded to “Nanjing Imperial Academy”（南京国子监）, becoming the highest institution of higher learning in the Northern Song dynasty and the only academy in ancient China that was upgraded to imperial academy.
Academy
official Development
private
Origin
Song dynasty Yuan dynasty
Decline
Tang dynasty
Ming dynasty Qing dynasty
An important organizational form of ancient education. education Important influences politics
3
The introduction of the four academies
Bailudong Academy
The peak of development
Founded
The founder of Bailudong Academy can be traced back to Li bo in the Southern Tang dynasty.
Bailudong Academy is known as "the top one of the four academies" for its long history and profound cultural influence, which is of great significance in the development history of Chinese education and culture.
2
Controversy
There were four famous academies in ancient China, three of which are undisputed.
Bailudong Academy Mount Lushan, Jiangxi province
Yuelu Academy Changsha, Hunan province
Shangqiu, Henan province
Songyang Academy
Songyang Academy is an ancient institution of higher education, is one of the four Chinese academy. Due to its unique architectural character of Confucian education, Songyang Academy is called a “specimen”（标 本）for the study of ancient Chinese academy architecture, educational system and Confucian culture.