生态采矿业和可持续发展的讨论外文文献翻译

英文原文

Discussion in the mining industry of ecology and

sustainable development

Xifengru Houxilin Chenerdong Wangweiwei Abstract---Mining is the basic industry of national economy.

Mining development are closely linked with the national economy, and the sustainability of mining development in the entire national economy directly affect the sustainability of the mining industry. Sustainable development of the mining model has become an extremely important issue in our era. This article analyzes and learns from other scholars on the basis of research results.

First of all, this article analyzes the ecological status of the mining industry. Although still in the exploration of ecological mining the initial stage, it did not really form an industry. In practice it is in accordance with the requirements of sustainable development of mining, which mainly reflects in the following aspects: Gradually establish and perfect the relevant laws and regulations, and provide a legal basis to protect the mining industry; Significantly improve utilization of mineral resources and wastes; Protect and recover mining ecological environment.

Second, with the advancement of science and technology, mining has entered an unprecedented phase, but we should also clearly understand that mining industry still have some problems in China: The employees of mining industry have a sense of serious waste of resources; Environmental situation is not optimistic; With low level of development and comprehensive utilization of resources many low-grade ore could not be developed; Lack of a unified mechanism for the mining market, and so on.

Finally, this article achieves mining measures of sustainable development in China: Strengthening awareness of sustainable development in the mining industry; Understanding mining laws of development to develop long-term planning; Enhancing environmental awareness of protection, sounding environmental laws of protection and improving environmental skills of protection; Building a fair and reasonable competition; The establishment of a comprehensive, scientific assessment of sustainable development criteria

Keywords---Ecological mining,Sustainable development of mining industry, Measures

0 Introduction

According to the study have showed that over 92% of primary energy,80% of the industrial raw materials,70% of the agricultural means of production come from mineral resources. China has discovered 171 kinds of mineral resources, and being

proved reserves of 158 species. China's mineral production rose rapidly in 2005. National mining production value reached more than 5900 billion Yuan, accounting for about 6% of GDP. Combined with minerals directly upstream and downstream industries, total output value was about 30% of GDP in 2005.China's total trade more than 300 billion dollars to promote the mining industry in the process of urbanization. There were 390 new mining towns, which lived in more than 300 million people. The employees of mining enterprises reached 930 million. Mining industry played a very important role in national economy in China.

The 21st century is a critical period of moderately country in China. China's mining industry is facing serious challenges, but also has new development opportunities. With development of the mining industry in 21st Century, some insights have made "green mining" and "ecological mining", and the new sustainable development of mining has come into the new content. Therefore, to explore and promote eco-mining achieves the sustainable development of mining itself, no doubt that we have positive meanings in our strategy of sustainable development throughout the country.

1 The status of ecological mining

Although still in the exploration of ecological mining the initial stage, it did not really form an industry. In practice it is in accordance with the requirements of sustainable development of mining, which mainly reflects in the following aspects: 1.1 Gradually establish and perfect the relevant laws and regulations

From the late 80s of the 20th century, China has successively promulgated the "The People's Republic of China Mineral Resources Law" and supporting laws, "The People's Republic of China Environment Protection Law", and so on. Ministry of Land Resources issued the ecological and environmental protective work to strengthen the idea of the development and utilization of mineral resources. These laws, regulations and regulatory documents provided the legal basis for the rational development and utilization of mineral resources to effectively protect mining environment.

1.2 Significantly improve utilization of mineral resources and wastes

Currently, many mining companies have come to realize the sustainable utilization of mineral resources. They fully rely on technological progress and strengthening management practices to utilize mineral resources: scientific mining operation, rational development, utilization, and avoiding or reducing damage and waste of mineral resources. An Opencast Coal Mine in Shanxi Province take effective measures to enable the coal recovery rate above 95%.The loss rate and dilution rates of gold mining are 1.1% and 2.1% in Paishanlou Liaoning Province. 1.3 Protect and recover mining ecological environment