高中英语阅读之推理判断题的解题技巧

高中英语阅读之推理判断题的解题技巧

高考阅读理解专题：推理判断题的解题技巧

推断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题，做这类题目时，考生要严格依据作者所陈述的细节、事实以及作者的措词、态度和语气，找出能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的词句，然后利用自己已获得的相关知识进行推理判断，从而得出符合逻辑的结论。

近年的高考题中常出现以下五种推理判断题:

一. 推断隐含意义或深层意义

1. 这类题干中通常含有learn( ), infer( ), suggest( ), imply( ), conclude （）, indicate( )等标志性词语, 常见的提问方式有：

1)．We can know from the passage that ________．

2). We can infer from the (first/last) passage that ________．

3)．The passage/author implies/suggests that ______．

4)．It can be concluded from the passage that ________．

5)．The underlined sentence indicates that ________

2. 解题技巧

①针对细节推断: 在原文中找到相关的信息源--- 对具体内容分析-- 推理判断得出结论

实例1：Did you ever hear a strange sound coming from the wall? Did it sound like a clock? If so, it may have been made by a beetle. Long ago people thought the ticking meant that someone was about to die. Thus the beetle is called “the deathwatch beetle."

1. It can be inferred from the text that the sound of this beetle ________.

A. pleased people.

B. surprised people.

C. frightened people.

D. excited people.

②针对主题思想:以主题为核心----- 分析逻辑关系----- 得出结论

实例2：In the California study, children with TVs in their rooms but no computer at home scored the lowest while those with no bedroom TV but who had home computers scored the highest.

While this study does not prove that bedroom TV sets caused the lower scores, it adds to accumulating findings that children shouldn’t have TVs in their bedrooms.

1. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?

A. More time should be spent on computers.

B. Children should be forbidden to watch TV.

C. TV sets shouldn't be allowed in children's bedrooms.

D. Further studies on high-achieving students should be done.

二、推断作者观点或态度

1. 题干中通常含有attitude, view ,opinion,, in the author’s opinion/mind等标志性词语。提问方式:

1)．The author seems to be in favor of/against ______．

2)．The author may probably agree with/support ________．

3)．What's the author's opinion about...?

4)．In the author's opinion...?

2. 解题技巧

注意作者表达感情色彩的形容词、副词、动词及所举的例子，推断出作者的弦外之音。如overestimate (高估), luckily, unexpectedly, pity, certain等。

表达作者态度和观点的形容词常有：objective（），subjective（)，neutral （）；positive （）negative（）approval （），disapproval （），ironic（）indifferent（），critical（），cautious（）optimistic（），pessimistic（）等。

3. 实例3：

Why isn’t your newspaper reporting any good news？All I read about is murder, bribery(行贿)，and death. Frankly，I’m sick of all the bad news.

1. This author’s attitude towards the new spaper reporting is to _____.

A. complain

B. apologize

C. amuse

D. inform

三. 推断文段作用或作者写作意图

1. 提问方式:

1)．The author's main purpose in writing the passage is to ________．

2)．The passage is meant to ________．

3)．The author's purpose is to show ________．

4)．The purpose of the article is to ________．

2. 解题技巧

①不同的文段在全文中可能会起到：引言/介绍（introduction），举例(example)，对比(comparison)，反衬（contrast）, 结论（conclusion）,评论（comment）,背景（background）,论证（demonstration）等作用。

②作者的写作目的通常有娱乐读者、说服读者接受某种观点和告知读者某些信息三种。

解答此类题时主要有两种方法：

1．主旨推断法：写作目的是阐述作者为何要表达某个中心主题，因此可根据主旨推断作者的写作目的。

2．文体推断法：根据文体的特点和用途来推断作者的写作目的。如记叙文，特别是个人的有趣经历或幽默故事类的文章，其目的是娱乐读者；夹叙夹议的文章，其目的是让读者得到某种启示或教育；广告和议论文的目的是说服读者接受某种产品、服务或接受某种观点；科普