外研版八年级上册英语完形填空解题技巧

八年级上册英语完形填空解题技巧
Step 1 考纲分析
完形填空的题材、文体分类
题材:①文化习俗②科普知识③著名人物④幽默故事⑤日常生活⑥人生百味
文体:①记叙②议论③说明
完形填空所考查的能力：1. 快速阅读；语篇结构；上下文/语境2. 词汇语法
3. 判断,推理,分析
4. 背景知识&生活常识
Step 2 解题步骤
1. 抓住首尾，了解短文
要充分利用首句的标示作用：第一句往往是全篇的关键句，首句一般不设空，它有概括和预示全文大意的作用，是判断文章体裁并预测全文主旨、大意的突破口，常含有解题和理解文章的有用信息。

（when,where,who,what,how…)
要注意尾句的提示和总结作用：故事的结局，问题的结论，幽默或富有哲理的结尾
要意文章中有中文注释的词，有注释的词往往对理解短文和解题有帮助。

2.上下文联系，初选答案。

在通读全文，了解大意的基础上，便可着手答题，初选习惯用法、固定搭配，并从上下文中找关键性启示，前后对照，根据语感等选出比较容易的答案。

有些题目设计很巧，由下文暗示上文，很有可能开头的空格填入四个选项在语法上都成立，但正确选项要到文章末尾才能得到解答。

反之亦然，文末的空格有可能在上文找到相关或有关联的答案。

3. 每空细读，分析斟酌
逐句精读，逐题分析选项，有少数空格需多方面的推敲分析，如词义分析，语法结构分
析，上下文推理分析等，下面是从所给四个选项角度考虑的解题思路：
（1）冠词，则须依据短文空白后的单词的第一个因素，或所出现的后面名词的次序来确定a, an 或the，或用冠词的惯用法来确定。

（2）介词或副词（如up，out，off，away等）可先从固定搭配入手；若不属于固定搭配，则根据句子结构及介（副）词的意义及用法进行仔细推敲选择。

（3）名词，则须从其所在的单复数形式、所有格形式等，根据文意进行名词辨析等。

（4）形容词或副词，则须从其所在句中的作用来确定什么词性，或者考查其比较级或最高级，以及它前面的修饰语等。

（5）动词，要么考查其同义词辨析，要么考查某些固定搭配，或时态等。

（6）连接词，泽尔应根据句子结构和上下文的意思决定是选择连接代词还是连接副词。

也可以从连词的一些惯用法或固定搭配等入手。

如，not… until, as….. as, not so… as, 或用because 不用so，用but不用though等。

4. 复核全文，清除疏漏（结构正确+语义通顺+逻辑合理。

）
所有的答案选出来以后，应再读全文，对所选的答案进行核实调整，经过第二步的逐句推敲之后，对短文内容的理解更为深刻，最初选择时有些难解或误解的问题这时就很容易判断，从而也就能得到更好的解决，并清除疏漏。

这一步费时不多却很有必要。

Step 3 解题技巧
1. 根据上下文确定答案。

利用上下文信息，选择或填写正确的词是完型填空解题时最常用的方法之一。

在做四选一的完型填空时，我们有时会发现每一个选项从语法角度来讲都可以说得通，遇到这种情况，我们应细读上下文，正确答案会在上下文中得到提示。

试看以下例题：【例】What do I remember about my childhood? There were good things and bad things. We used to live______ , and my parents always got up early in the morning to feed the cows and sheep.
A. in a town
B. on a farm
C. on a busy street
D. in a city
【解析】B 本段主要讲作者回忆儿童时代所居住的地点。

从四个选项来看都是可能的，语法上都说得通。

但通过下文my parents always got up early in the morning to feed the cows and sheep.提示我们可以知道作者生活在农村，正确答案选B。

【例】There were so many people on the bus that there were ___1__ empty seats. When a young man got out, an old man near him wanted to ____2____ ,but the young man pushed him back his seat.
“ Thank you,” he said, “ but please don't do that, I can stand.”
1. A. many B. some C. enough D. no
2.A. sit down B. get on C. set out D. stand up
【解析】：第一小题所给的选项是四个形容词，从单句来看均可和后面的empty seats 搭配。

但根据上文的“ there are so many people on the bus”来判断，不可能有many (许多)、some （一些）、enough( 足够的)“空位”。

因此，该题的正确答案应为D。

第二小题所给的选项是四个动词短语，根据下文的“…..pushed him back to his seat.” 和“ I can stand.” 来看，年轻人误以为老人要给他让座，而实际上老人是想站起来下车，所以，该小题的正确答案是D。

2. 根据习惯搭配确定答案。

【例】It's Sunday. Some students are going ____1__ a trip with thei r teacher. ___2___ their way they saw a bus behind them.
1. A. to B. for C.on D. at
2. A. On B. By C.At D. To
【解析】：短文是叙述老师领着学生春游的事情。

第一小题看似“be going to”结构，其实“go on a trip” 是固定搭配，意为“去旅行”，所以应选C项。

第二小题是习惯用法，表示“在去……的路上”，英语中要用“ on one’s way….”,而by，in，at都不能用在该短语中，故应选A 项。

3. 生活常识推理判断答案。

【例】Every afternoon,Burch leaves school at 5:45 pm.Now as the days grow ___11___ and colder,he goes on riding his horse."I will ride my horse even in the ___12___weather in winter,"he says.
( )12.A.coolest B.hottest C.warmest D.coldest
4. 根据词语用法确定答案
A little cock lived near the river. One morning the little cock ______his beautiful clothes and went for a walk by the river. On his way he met a little duck.
A. wore
B. had on
C. dressed
D. put on
【解析】所给的四个选项是一组同义词组，都表示“穿”，但它们在用法上有所不同。

Wear和have on 都可接物作宾语，意为“穿着”，表示状态；put on 也可接“衣物”，作宾语，意为“穿上”，表示动作；而dress 的宾语只能是人，而不能是“衣物”。

根据以上分析，再结合原句的意思，可以确定正确答案为D。

【例】So he asked a little girl to count his money for him.It the little girl six days to count his money.
A.spent
B.cost
C.took
D. used
5、根据情感态度解题
其中形容词，副词中分为三种情感：
(1) 正情感：happy ，excited等(2)零情感：fast ，slow ，surprising等(3) 负情感：sad ，tired等
【例】He asked his father a few questions,and his father answered all of them.Then his
father said ___13___, "Fathers always know ___14___ than sons!"The boy thought for a while and said,"I don't think so."
( )13.A.angrily B.sadly C.happily D.worriedly ( )14.A.more B.some C.less D.much
6、中心主旨
文章中最后一句通常为积极的态度或观点。

【例】I'll never forget that wonderful kind lady who,with her ___15___,made my short holiday in Florida a wonderful memory.
( )15.A.advice B.medicine C.kindness D.experience
实战演习（题目是中等难度）
完形填空（一）
阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

Every day we can meet many different people. Maybe they are not our friends, but some of them may change us, just like what happened to me.
Today, after a long day's work. I felt very 26 , and then I sat on a chair at a station to have a rest. A woman came and sat next to me. She said hello and 27 me some food she was eating. I didn’t take it, because I was not hungry. But she broke* the ice（打破沉默）by doing this. After that,
we talked for half an hour. I told her some 28 things in my work. And she showed me the bright (明亮的)sides in the life. Later I felt better about my life. I thanked her for talking to me and telling me so many things. She left with a 29 . When I thought of her smile, I was not tired any more. At that time, I 30 thought it was a lucky day for me.
A few minutes later, I saw a blind (瞎的)man coming. He walked slowly with his stick(棍子)*.
I went next to him and asked with a smile, "Hello, would you like me to help you?"He agreed. I stood on the side where his 31 was free. So he could hold my arm. We walked into the subway train and talked all the way to his 32 .He gave me his telephone number before he 33 the train, and I said, "OK, I will call you. "It was dark and cold outside but I felt warm inside. Today I brought smiles to the man, and I was sure he also made my day better.
Now I am still thinking life can’t always be easy to us, but we can still do 34 for others. Let' s share happiness and care with others to 35 our world more beautiful.
( )26.A.worried B.happy C.tired D.excited
( )27.A.offered B.left C.bought D.sold（卖出）
( )28.A.strange B.successful C.great D.unhappy
( )29.A.card B.ticket C.smile D.gift
( )30.A.even B.ever C.never D.always
( )31.A.hand B.mouth C.leg D.foot
( )32.A.office B.stop C.house D.hospital
( )33.A.got into(进入) B.got to(到达) C.got on（上车）D.got off(下车)
( )34.A.something B.nothing C.everything D.anything
( )35.A.change B.make C.get D.turn
答案：
26-30CADCA 31-35ABDAB
完形填空（二）
When I was about twelve years old,I had a classmate,a girl who liked to tell
me about my shortcomings（缺点）. 31 always laughed(嘲笑)at me because I was very short, and I wasn't a good student,and so on.I tried to forget what she said about me,but I failed(失败).32 ,I became very angry.I ran to my fathers with tears* （眼泪）in my 33 .
He listened to me 34 , and then asked, “Are the things said true or not?Jane, did you think about what you’re really like? Now you know that girl’s opinions.Go and make a list of everything she said and find out if these are 35 . Don’t worry about the things that are not true.
I did36he told me.To my great surprise,I found that about half of the things were true. Some of them couldn’t 37 , like being very short, but a good number of them I could.I wanted to change the 38things in me,and for the first time,I knew something about 39 in a very clear way.
I brought the list 40 to my father.He refused*（拒绝）to take it."That’s just for you,"he said,"You know better than 41 else the truth about yourself,but sometimes others’ opinions are also important, so you have to learn how to42 ,and not just close your ears angrily and feel hurt, When something said about you is true,you'll find that it will be 43to you. Our world is full of people who think that they
know you.Don't close your ears and try to listen to them, 44hearing the truth is the right thing to do.
I have remembered my fathers 45 at many important moments,I have never had a be suggestion in my life
31.A.He B.You C.She D.They
32.A.Firstly B.Secondly C.Thirdly D.Finally
33.A ears B.eyes C.mouth D.nose
34.A.quietly B slowly C loudly D.quickly
35.A.hard B simple C.strict D.true
36.A.what B.how C.when D.why
37.A.make B.give C.have D.change
38.A.excellent B boring mon D.bad
39.A myself B.herself C.himself D.yourself
40.A.up B.back C down D.about
41.A.nobody B.anyone C nothing D.anything
42.A.shout B.teach C.listen D.read
43.A.helpless B. helpful C.careful D careless
44.A.though B.or C.because D.but
45.A.questions B.letters C.words D.worries
答案：
31-35 CDBAD36-40 ADDAB41-45BCBCC
完形填空（三）
阅读下面短文, 掌握大意,然后从所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

When we hear about the homeless*（无家可归）, most of us think of the poor world..But in fact, homelessness is everywhere, 26 in rich countries. Kurt Muller and his 27 Rita are middle-aged from Germany. They have spent eleven years making meals for the homeless of Berlin, the capital of Germany. The Mullers first 28 one long hot summer when most Germans were away on holiday. They stayed at 29 , making sandwiches, setting up a table in the street and giving the _30__ to the homeless.
The Mullers soon found that food and clothing weren't 31_. "These people also need warmth and 32_ "said Rita. So the Mullers gave their phone number to the homeless people and told them to 33 anytime. Rita made sure there was 34 at home to answer the phone. When the homeless met problems, their home was 35 open to them.
They 36 all their money three months later so Kurt visited food and clothing companies(公司) to 37 donations*（捐赠物）. Today, over thirty companies offer food and other things and
more than 500 kind people help the homeless people.
Kurt and Rita put their love to good use by helping homeless people in Berlin. They didn't get any payment（报酬）for their hard work. "They are like 38children." says Rita, "And we feel parents shouldn't ask for money because of helping their children. The 39 we get on the streets are our salary*(薪水). "Rita says she often gets tired, 40 she promises she will go on with their work because she and her husband get a lot of pleasure (快乐)from helping others.
26.A.even B. just C.only D.still
27.A. friend B.wife C. sister D.cousin(堂兄妹)
28.A.began B.met C. went D.left
29.A.school B. hospital C.home D.shop
30.A. food B. money C.tables D. clothes
31. A. enough B. important C. helpful D. cheap
32.A.smile B.phone C.house D.love
33.A.eat e C. call D.help
34. A. nobody B. anybody C. somebody D. everybody
35.A.never B. always C. sometimes D. often
36. 36:A.lost B. missed C. took D.spent
37. A. pay for B. wait for C. search for (搜寻)D. ask for
38.A.their B.our C. my D.her
39.A.thanks B.gifts C.chances D.scores
40.A. and B.so C.if D.but
三、完形填空（本题有15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。

Have you ever watched a child learning to ride a bike and getting the first taste of freedom（自由）*? When I was five, I borrowed（借入）my cousin’s bike and found out 31 to ride it. I loved the wind in my hair and the feeling of being 32. I felt like a flying bird until I fell (fall 的过去式)off the bike and 33 myself.
With my arms cut and bleeding（l流血), I 34 inside and couldn't wait to tell my mother how I wished to have a bike of my own. I still remember the fire in her eyes when she said to me 35, "You need to learn to stay away from things that can kill（杀）* you! "I loved her, and I never wanted to do anything 36 her. However, I also loved freedom, 37 I just kept riding and falling off borrowed bikes and tried not to let her know.
Many years later, 38 similar （相似的）happened to my 4-year-old granddaughter Rose. Before she could ride, she had often watched her brothers ride and fall off bikes. She knew well of the 39,but she was bored watching and asked herself a question, "How 40 can it be? "The answer was clear. If the boys could do it, 41 could, too.
She decided to 42 herself and the world that she could ride. For Christmas, she 43 a bike.You can guess how excited she was when she finally got her present(礼物).
I’ve never seen her ride,but she’s coming over tomorrow and bringing her bike to ride. Don’t worry. She will be 44 . I’ll watch her like a cat on a mouse.
When she is ready,I hope she will always 45 freedom, though （尽管)it comes with risks（冒险）*. Little risks. Maybe someday we will ride like the wind,with our hair flying. We’ll taste freedom together.
31. A. when B. why C.where D.how
32. A. free B. happy C.relaxed D. comfortable
33. A. beat B. hurt C. helped D. protected
34. A. hurried B. jumped C. moved D. sneaked（偷偷溜走）
35. A. nicely B. happily C. quietly D.loudly
36. A. to B. for （支持) C. with D. against（反对）
37. A. or B. but C.so D. and
38. A.everything B.something C.anything D.nothing
39. A.danger B. accident C.lesson D. game
40. A. interesting B. strange C. difficult D. exciting
41. A. I B. she C.we D.they
42. A. believe B. teach C. show D. change
43. A.thought about B. looked for C. pointed at D. asked for
44. A. lost B.safe C. busy D. ready
45. A. need B. want C. enjoy D.forget
答案：
26-30 ABACA31-35 ADCCB 36-40 DDBAD
完形填空
通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出一个最佳选项。

A girl complained(抱怨)to her father about her bad life. She felt tired. She didn’t know what to do and wanted to 36 .
Her father took her 37the kitchen. Then he poured（倒）water into three pans and boiled(煮)it. After boiling, in the first pan, he put some carrots, in the 38 , he put some eggs and in the last, he put some coffee. He just 39 for a few minutes without any words.
The girl was surprised. She didn’t know 40 her father was doing that. After about 20 minutes, her father turned 41 the stove (炉子), took out the carrots and put them in a bowl. He took out the eggs and put 42 in another bowl. After that, the 43 was poured into a cup. Finally, he asked, “What do you 44 ?” “Carrots, eggs and coffee," she answered. ”
Then her father told her to 45 the carrots. She did it and felt that the carrots were soft(软的).After that, he asked her to take the eggs and 46 them. She got the boiled eggs and found it hard to do that. At last the father asked her to smell the coffee. “What’s the meaning, Dad?” the girl asked. Then he explained that each thing had the 47 unlucky experience—the boiled water, but a different 48 . The strong and hard carrots became soft in the boiling water.
The eggs became hard 49 being cooked. The coffee was very special because it changed the water. “Who are you?” asked her father. “When 50 unlucky knocks at your door, what’s your reaction(反应)？Are you carrots, eggs or coffee? ”
36. A. grow up B. give up C. get up D. pick up(捡起)
37. A. at B. into C. out of D. away from
38. A. first B. second C. third D. fourth
39. A. made B. called C. asked D. waited（等待)
40. A. what B. where C. why D. when
41. A. off B. over C. on D. in
42. A. it B. its C. them D. themselves
43. A. eggs B. carrots C. coffee D. water
44. A. hear B. see C. smell D. taste
45. A. wash B. boil C. drop D. touch（触摸）
46. A. break B. keep C. lose D. cook
47. A. different B. same C. worst D. most
48. A. culture B. plan C. result D. reason
49. A. after B. before C. behind D. under
50. A. something B. everything C. anything D. nothing
答案：
36-40 BBBDC 41-45 ACCBD 46-50 ABCAA。