脾破裂病例讨论
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与外伤性脾破裂具有明确的外伤史不同,脾自发性 破裂的作用力则来自患者日常生活,起病突然,临 床症状无特异性,且往往不被重视等
对不明原因的脾破裂者,有必要请血液科或微生物 科会诊,做血液学或骨髓穿刺以期早期诊断。
The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital
2019-2-22 10:56 血常规:WBC20.42,HGB57,PLT288,RBC2.16,NET%:65%, LYM%:13%, 肝肾功能、血气分析正常。
The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital
问题:
血色素下降原因:实质性脏器破裂腹腔出血?
性分泌物及大量白膜附着。心肺腹(-) 辅查:WBC11.09,HGB143,NET%:49.7%,LYM%:40.9%
The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital
入院诊断: 1.急性化脓性扁桃体炎 2.急性咽炎
治疗方案: 1.完善血培养(-)、咽拭子培养(-)、痰培养(-) 2.抗感染治疗(阿莫西林克拉维酸钾)
病例汇报
肝胆外科 香港大学深圳医院
33岁,男性,白俄罗斯籍 2019-2-21收入耳鼻喉科 主诉:咽痛伴发热3天 现病史:3天前无明显诱因出现咽痛,吞咽时加重,伴畏寒
发热,Tmax 39.5°,无咳嗽,无呼吸困难,无腹痛腹胀等 既往史:无特殊 查体:咽腔充血明显,双侧扁桃体III度肿大,表面可见脓
The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital
参考文献
1.Brady RR, Bandari M, Kerssens JJ, et al. Splenic trauma in Scotland: demographics and outcomes. World J Surg 2007; 31:2111. 2.Tan K, Lewis GR, Chahal R, et al. Iatrogenic splenectomy during left nephrectomy: a single-institution experience of eight years. Urol Int 2011; 87:59. 3.Kamath AS, Iqbal CW, Sarr MG, et al. Colonoscopic splenic injuries: incidence and management. J Gastrointest Surg 2009; 13:2136. 4.Cassar K, Munro A. Iatrogenic splenic injury. J R Coll Surg Edinb 2002; 47:731. 5.Merchea A, Dozois EJ, Wang JK, Larson DW. Anatomic mechanisms for splenic injury during colorectal surgery. Clin Anat 2012; 25:212. 6.Masoomi H, Carmichael JC, Mills S, et al. Predictive factors of splenic injury in colorectal surgery: data from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample, 2006-2008. Arch Surg 2012; 147:324. 7.Davis JJ, Cohn I Jr, Nance FC. Diagnosis and management of blunt abdominal trauma. Ann Surg 1976; 183:672. 8.Salim A, Sangthong B, Martin M, et al. Whole body imaging in blunt multisystem trauma patients without obvious signs of injury: results of a prospective study. Arch Surg 2006; 141:468. 9.Jacoby R, Wisner D. Injury to the spleen. In: Trauma, 6th, Moore EE, Feliciano DV, Mattox KL (Eds), McGraw-Hill Medical, New York 2008. p.661. 10.Swaid F, Peleg K, Alfici R, et al. Concomitant hollow viscus injuries in patients with blunt hepatic and splenic injuries: an analysis of a National Trauma Registry database. Injury 2014; 45:1409. 11.Swaid F, Peleg K, Alfici R, et al. The severity of liver injury following blunt trauma does not correlate with the number of fractured ribs: an analysis of a national trauma registry database. Surg Today 2015; 45:846. 12.Murken DR, Weis JJ, Hill GC, et al. Radiographic assessment of splenic injury without contrast: is contrast truly needed? Surgery 2012; 152:676. 13.Boscak AR, Shanmuganathan K, Mirvis SE, et al. Optimizing trauma multidetector CT protocol for blunt splenic injury: need for arterial and portal venous phase scans. Radiology 2013; 268:79.
谢谢!
分类
外伤性脾破裂
自发性脾破裂
病因
摔倒、车祸等暴力直接或间 病理性脾脏(如:单核细胞增 接作用于左上腹、左下胸壁 多症、疟疾、白血病、淋巴
增生性疾病、浸润性疾病等)
症状/体征 外伤、内出血、失血性休克、原发病症状、体征如:咽炎、
左上腹痛、腹膜刺激征、移 扁桃体炎;余可同外伤性脾
动性浊音、腹部包块等
The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital
病情变化
2019-2-21 19:15患者额部出现斑片状红疹,伴瘙痒,予口 服氯雷他定,局部涂抹地奈德乳膏后好转。
2019-2-22 05:45患者起身时黑矇,持续数秒,伴四肢乏力 ,但意识清晰,跌倒于卫生间,血压78/66mmHg,心率 110~138次/分,SpO2:98%, 体温T35.5°;腹稍胀,腹软, 全腹无压痛、染(单核细胞增多症、疟 疾)、白血病、淋巴增生性疾病、浸润性疾病(淀粉样变 性),溶血性贫血及骨髓增殖性疾病等。
EB病毒是传染性单核细胞增多症(Infectious mononucleosis,IM)主要病原体。脾肿大见于50%-60%IM 患者,通常在疾病第3周开始回缩;脾破裂是一种罕见、 但可危及生命的IM并发症,发生率约1-2‰,70%为30 岁以下男性,半数以上为自发性。
The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital
问题:
跌倒原因:1、休克(感染性休克?过敏性休克?其它) 2、体位性低血压? 3、低血糖(当时指尖血糖3.8)?
The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital
2019-2-22 9:42 补液、扩容、去甲肾升压等抗休克、抗过敏 查体:心电监护HR 116~148 次/分,BP 74~116 / 39~ 59 mmHg,RR 15~34 次/分,SpO2 99~100 %。心肺(-), 腹部膨隆,腹肌软,全腹无压痛、反跳痛。
The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital
2019-2-22 急诊腹部CT
The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital
诊断外伤性脾破裂 2019-2-22 15:10急诊行剖腹探查、脾切除术
事件定性
• 脾破裂:外伤性脾破裂?不良事件!!! • 其它可能?
破裂
辅查
B超、腹腔穿刺不凝血、CT、 原发疾病病原学检查如:EBV
DSA等
阳性、单核细胞增生、脾肿
大等;余同外伤性脾破裂
治疗
原发疾病的治疗、保守治疗、脾修补术、部分脾切除术、 全脾切除术
The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital
柳暗花明
2019-2-26 EBV DNA定量:8.02E*2 (+) 病理结果:EB病毒感染,倾向于传染性单核细胞增生症
修正诊断: 1.EBV病毒感染致传染性单核细胞增生症 2.病理性脾自发性破裂
病理
讨论
对不明原因的脾破裂者,有必要请血液科或微生物 科会诊,做血液学或骨髓穿刺以期早期诊断。
The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital
2019-2-22 10:56 血常规:WBC20.42,HGB57,PLT288,RBC2.16,NET%:65%, LYM%:13%, 肝肾功能、血气分析正常。
The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital
问题:
血色素下降原因:实质性脏器破裂腹腔出血?
性分泌物及大量白膜附着。心肺腹(-) 辅查:WBC11.09,HGB143,NET%:49.7%,LYM%:40.9%
The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital
入院诊断: 1.急性化脓性扁桃体炎 2.急性咽炎
治疗方案: 1.完善血培养(-)、咽拭子培养(-)、痰培养(-) 2.抗感染治疗(阿莫西林克拉维酸钾)
病例汇报
肝胆外科 香港大学深圳医院
33岁,男性,白俄罗斯籍 2019-2-21收入耳鼻喉科 主诉:咽痛伴发热3天 现病史:3天前无明显诱因出现咽痛,吞咽时加重,伴畏寒
发热,Tmax 39.5°,无咳嗽,无呼吸困难,无腹痛腹胀等 既往史:无特殊 查体:咽腔充血明显,双侧扁桃体III度肿大,表面可见脓
The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital
参考文献
1.Brady RR, Bandari M, Kerssens JJ, et al. Splenic trauma in Scotland: demographics and outcomes. World J Surg 2007; 31:2111. 2.Tan K, Lewis GR, Chahal R, et al. Iatrogenic splenectomy during left nephrectomy: a single-institution experience of eight years. Urol Int 2011; 87:59. 3.Kamath AS, Iqbal CW, Sarr MG, et al. Colonoscopic splenic injuries: incidence and management. J Gastrointest Surg 2009; 13:2136. 4.Cassar K, Munro A. Iatrogenic splenic injury. J R Coll Surg Edinb 2002; 47:731. 5.Merchea A, Dozois EJ, Wang JK, Larson DW. Anatomic mechanisms for splenic injury during colorectal surgery. Clin Anat 2012; 25:212. 6.Masoomi H, Carmichael JC, Mills S, et al. Predictive factors of splenic injury in colorectal surgery: data from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample, 2006-2008. Arch Surg 2012; 147:324. 7.Davis JJ, Cohn I Jr, Nance FC. Diagnosis and management of blunt abdominal trauma. Ann Surg 1976; 183:672. 8.Salim A, Sangthong B, Martin M, et al. Whole body imaging in blunt multisystem trauma patients without obvious signs of injury: results of a prospective study. Arch Surg 2006; 141:468. 9.Jacoby R, Wisner D. Injury to the spleen. In: Trauma, 6th, Moore EE, Feliciano DV, Mattox KL (Eds), McGraw-Hill Medical, New York 2008. p.661. 10.Swaid F, Peleg K, Alfici R, et al. Concomitant hollow viscus injuries in patients with blunt hepatic and splenic injuries: an analysis of a National Trauma Registry database. Injury 2014; 45:1409. 11.Swaid F, Peleg K, Alfici R, et al. The severity of liver injury following blunt trauma does not correlate with the number of fractured ribs: an analysis of a national trauma registry database. Surg Today 2015; 45:846. 12.Murken DR, Weis JJ, Hill GC, et al. Radiographic assessment of splenic injury without contrast: is contrast truly needed? Surgery 2012; 152:676. 13.Boscak AR, Shanmuganathan K, Mirvis SE, et al. Optimizing trauma multidetector CT protocol for blunt splenic injury: need for arterial and portal venous phase scans. Radiology 2013; 268:79.
谢谢!
分类
外伤性脾破裂
自发性脾破裂
病因
摔倒、车祸等暴力直接或间 病理性脾脏(如:单核细胞增 接作用于左上腹、左下胸壁 多症、疟疾、白血病、淋巴
增生性疾病、浸润性疾病等)
症状/体征 外伤、内出血、失血性休克、原发病症状、体征如:咽炎、
左上腹痛、腹膜刺激征、移 扁桃体炎;余可同外伤性脾
动性浊音、腹部包块等
The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital
病情变化
2019-2-21 19:15患者额部出现斑片状红疹,伴瘙痒,予口 服氯雷他定,局部涂抹地奈德乳膏后好转。
2019-2-22 05:45患者起身时黑矇,持续数秒,伴四肢乏力 ,但意识清晰,跌倒于卫生间,血压78/66mmHg,心率 110~138次/分,SpO2:98%, 体温T35.5°;腹稍胀,腹软, 全腹无压痛、染(单核细胞增多症、疟 疾)、白血病、淋巴增生性疾病、浸润性疾病(淀粉样变 性),溶血性贫血及骨髓增殖性疾病等。
EB病毒是传染性单核细胞增多症(Infectious mononucleosis,IM)主要病原体。脾肿大见于50%-60%IM 患者,通常在疾病第3周开始回缩;脾破裂是一种罕见、 但可危及生命的IM并发症,发生率约1-2‰,70%为30 岁以下男性,半数以上为自发性。
The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital
问题:
跌倒原因:1、休克(感染性休克?过敏性休克?其它) 2、体位性低血压? 3、低血糖(当时指尖血糖3.8)?
The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital
2019-2-22 9:42 补液、扩容、去甲肾升压等抗休克、抗过敏 查体:心电监护HR 116~148 次/分,BP 74~116 / 39~ 59 mmHg,RR 15~34 次/分,SpO2 99~100 %。心肺(-), 腹部膨隆,腹肌软,全腹无压痛、反跳痛。
The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital
2019-2-22 急诊腹部CT
The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital
诊断外伤性脾破裂 2019-2-22 15:10急诊行剖腹探查、脾切除术
事件定性
• 脾破裂:外伤性脾破裂?不良事件!!! • 其它可能?
破裂
辅查
B超、腹腔穿刺不凝血、CT、 原发疾病病原学检查如:EBV
DSA等
阳性、单核细胞增生、脾肿
大等;余同外伤性脾破裂
治疗
原发疾病的治疗、保守治疗、脾修补术、部分脾切除术、 全脾切除术
The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital
柳暗花明
2019-2-26 EBV DNA定量:8.02E*2 (+) 病理结果:EB病毒感染,倾向于传染性单核细胞增生症
修正诊断: 1.EBV病毒感染致传染性单核细胞增生症 2.病理性脾自发性破裂
病理
讨论