英语代词用法总结

代词，就是起替代作用的词。

代词可分为十类，他们是：1-人称、2-物主、3-反身、4-疑问、5-指示、6-关系、7-相互、8-不定、9-连接、10-替代词。

1-人称代词

表示自己或他人的代词。有主格和宾格两种形式，有单数、复数的变化。

第一人称：I（主格） me（宾格）

第二人称：you （主宾格，单复数一样）

第三人称：he、she、it（主格）him、her、it（宾格）

复数主要是：we （主格）us（宾格）they（主格）them（宾格）

2-物主代词

表示所有关系的代词，分为形容词性和名词性两种。

A）形容词性物主代词只能作句子中名词的修饰语，后面要跟名词。例如：my、your、his、her、its our、their

B）名词性物主代词相当于名词，在句中常独立存在，后面不能跟名词。例如：mine、yours、his、hers、its 、ours、theirs

C）“of + 名词性物主代词”称为双重所有格,作定语时放在名词的后面。例如：a friend of mine

3-反身代词

表示XX自己，例如，我自己，你自己，她自己，他们自己等。构词的方法是，在词的后面加self，复数加selves，但是还要细分一下：

第一、第二人称是由形容词性物主代词加 "-self "。例如：myself、yourself、ourselves 第三人称是由人称代词宾格形式加"-self "例如：himself、herself、itself、themselves

4-疑问代词

就这么几个，who、whom(who的宾格)、whose、what、which

5-指示代词

表示这、这些、那、那些。常用的词语有：this、that、these、those、it、such、same

6-关系代词(复习从句时着重讲)

用来引导定语从句的代词。常用词who、whose、whom、which、that、as（和一些疑问代词重合）

例如：This is the man who helped me yesterday

7-相互代词

表示相互关系的代词，有each other 和one another两组，两者没什么区别。

8-不定代词

无法明确代替什么的时候，用的代词叫不定代词。

常用的有some、many、much、both、all、other、another、each、any、every、either、neither、few、little、none、one以及由 some、any、no、every 和 body、one、thing 构成的复合词。

9-连接代词

主要包括who、whom、what、which、whose、whoever、whatever、whichever、whosever 等

10-替代词

为避免重复，在一个句子中常用替代词替代前面已经提到过的事物。

常用词，that、one、ones

替代：是指对句子中相同的非关键性词语用替代词来替代，从而避免重复的手段。

1、名词性替代：用名词替代词one(s), the same, the kind等所表示的替代现象叫做名词性替代，如:

The child doesn't like this book, show him a more interesting one.

There are good films as well as the bad ones.

A: I'd like a cup of coffee.

B: I'd like the same.

Can you give me a few nails? I need some.

We offered Jack a cup of coffee, but he didn't want any.

I didn't want any more food, I've had enough

Use this typewriter, all the others are being repaired.

使用替代方法时要注意的两种常见情况:

注意1. 不定冠词和物主代词通常不可以直接位于替代词one之前。

Can I have a watermelon? I'd like a big one. √（I'd like a one. ×）

注意2.在基数词one、two、three之后通常不可以用替代词one/ones。

You have four children, I have only two ones. ×

You have four children, I have only two. √

2、动词性替代：用动词替代词do, do so等所表示的替代现象叫做动词性替代。

A: Does Amanda look after them everyday？

B: She can't do in the weekdays.

A: Have they moved their furniture?

B: They have done the desks, but that's all so far.

Wendy looks very happy as she always used to do.

He said he would tell me the news, but he didn't do so.

The boys played doctors and nurses. We watched them doing so but they wanted us to do so, too.

分句性替代：用分句替代词so/not等替代整个分句的现象叫做分句性替代。

A: Do you think he'll come tomorrow？

B: Yes, I think so.

A: How do you know that he's leaving soon?

B: He told me so.

A: Are the girls coming to the party?

B: I'm sure they are.

We are told that he will come tonight, and if so, our meeting will be held tomorrow. If not, there won't be any meeting tomorrow.