听力教程4unit1听力原文主编：施心远

Unit 1

Section One Tactics for Listening

Listening and Translation

1. A college education can be very costly in the United States.

在美国，大学教育的费用会很贵。

2.Rising costs have led more and more families to borrow money to help pay for college.

费用的上涨使越来越多的美国家庭通过借钱来支付上大学的费用。

3.There are different federal loans and private loans for students.

有各种各样的联邦贷款和私人贷款可供学生挑选。

4. Interest rates on some of these loans will go up on July 1st.

在这些贷款品种中，有些品种的利率将从7月1日起上调。

5. There are growing concerns that many students graduate with too much debt.

人们越来越担心，很多学生将背着沉重的债务从大学毕业。

Section two Listening Comprehension

Part 1 Dialogue-Social Grouping

Interviewer: Right. You're talking about social groupings here. Could you tell us something

about the ways animals form into groups Nike Down: Yes. Er, many, many animals are very solitary* animals. The only times they get

together is when they mate, or when they're

bringing up their young. The majority of

animals are solitary, but a very

significant group of mammals and insects,

like ants and termites*, bees and wasps, are

very social and they group together because

in a group it's much safer. You can defend

yourself more easily if you're in a group,

you can find males more easily if you're in

a group, and you can change the world around

you by working with the others if you live

in a group. Solitary animals have a much

more difficult time in many ways. Interviewer: You mentioned lions and other carnivores* earlier on. Do they group very

much

Nike Down: Yes. Most cats in fact don't group. Er, lions and, to a lesser extent, cheetahs* are

the only cats that group together. A group

of lions is called a pride*, and you might

get anything up to 15 or 20 lions in a pride.

A pride of lions would have perhaps two or

three males, perhaps a dozen females, and

then the cubs. But the real lion group

consists of females with their cubs. The

males tend to stay for a few years and then

they get kicked out by a group of younger

males that come in and take over. Interviewer: And how about the apes

Nike Down: Ah, well, now you're talking about the group of animals that we belong to. Apes —

some apes — live in very, very big and

complicated social groups. Not all.

Orangutans*, for example, big apes that

live in Indonesia and Malaysia — they're

very solitary and one adult may meet another

adult only once every two or three years,

when a male and a female mate, and then, the

only relationship will be between a mother

and her baby. The baby will stay with the

mother for two or three years, four years,