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Lesson1”

❖By the principle of utility…is meant the principle which…to augment or diminish the happiness of the party whose interest is in question.

❖实用主义原则即支持或反对无论哪种行为都要根据其是否能够增加或减少以利益为重心的群体利益的原则。

❖The American Beauty Rose can be…and a law of God.

❖美国这朵艳丽的玫瑰华贵而芳香。它之所以被培育出来是因为牺牲掉了早期其周围的花蕾。在经济生活中情况也是如此,这是自然规律和上帝共同作用的结果。

❖There is,…no form of oppression…having no money at all.

❖没有哪种形式的压迫比身无分文更强大,没有哪种对思想和行动的束缚比一无所有更全面彻底。

❖Compassion, along with the associated public effort, is the least comfortable, the least convenient course of behavior and action in our time.

❖同情心,加上与之相关的社会努力是我们这个时代最令人不快、最麻烦的行为和做法。

❖By a triage, …

❖根据救治的先后原则,生存者应是经过挑选的有价值的人;其他人的灭亡是我们必须要付出的代价。在我们的这个时代,Murry是Spenser 的代言人;如上所说(正如这个原因),他在华盛顿的高层中享有无比的威望。

Lesson2:

•It was twenty miles further up the river, then out into an expansive bay and through a creek that wound like a tunnel among the hundred of islands offshore.

•它位于河的上游二十英里处,一条小溪在数以百计的岛屿中间弯弯地穿过,就像一条隧道,穿过它就来到了一片开阔的岛屿。

Lesson3:

❖Solar radiation—largely visible and ultraviolet light—is a vast stream of energy that bathes the Earth’s surface, fluctuating from day to night and season to season.

❖太阳辐射—主要是可见的紫外线—是日复一日,年复一年沐浴着地球表面的巨大的能量。

❖Even if the global warming catastrophe never materializes, …already human activity has profoundly altered global condition in ways that may not register on the camera.

❖尽管温室效应的灾难还没有真正成为现实,臭氧层空洞还一直是神秘的极地现象,然而人类的活动可能正以照相机并不能记录的方式深刻地影响了全球的环境。

❖The biological sector of the ecosphere… ecological niche that they occupy.

❖生态圈中的生物部分,即生物圈,是由从这样的试验中生存下来的生物构成的。它们之所以能够生存下来是因为它们进行了很好的调整,适应了它们所居住的某种生态环境。

❖Even the spectacular nuclear disasters at Three-Mile Island and Chernobyl were far less serious as technical failures than they were in their ecological effects.

❖甚至于发生在三英里岛和切尔诺贝利的巨大的核灾难,作为技术上的失败所造成的后果远不如对于生态系统所造成的后果严重。

❖Viewed in this way, there is no more reason to oppose global warming than to be unhappy about the last ice age and the rise in global temperature that ended it.

❖按照这种观点,反对全球变暖就像担心上一次的冰川时期以及结束它的全球气温升高一样,都是没有道理的。

❖The purpose is less a lament…than an inquiry into how future casualties can be prevented. It is not so much a battle cry…, as a design for negotiating…for making peace with the planet.

❖其目的与其说是为战争中不计其数的死伤而感到悲哀,还不如寻求如何避免未来的伤亡;与其为战争中的某一方呐喊助威,还不如设想如何结束这场自杀式的战争,如何与这个星球和平相处。

Lesson4:

❖Each of the trees on the place….

这里的每一棵树都表现出某种神态。榆树看上去宁静安详,橡树咄咄逼人,枫树亲切友好,而山楂树则老气横秋,脾气暴躁。甚至河岸上的小坑都有它们独特的性格。

❖It looked as if a large portion of the sky had detached itself and was bearing down, …but animate shape.

看上去天空的一大部分似乎脱离了天空,匆忙、果断、气势汹汹地压向地面,那形状虽然说不出具体象什么,但却象一个活物的样子。

❖...as something like that would either break you apart or bind you, for life. . …—that cool, empty, locked, and central space.

就像是有些事在生活中要么把你们拆散,要么使你们更加亲密。并不是他们共同经历着不幸,而是他们对此有着共同的感受—那种凄凉、失落,封闭的内心世界

❖Love that was not usable, that knew its place. Not risking a thing yet staying alive as a sweet trickle, an underground resource. With the weight of this new stillness on it, this seal.

爱不是用来利用的,应该十分清楚它应在的位置。不拿它来冒险,而是让它像涓涓溪流慢慢地流淌,如地下的资源。将爱封存,让它静静地沉淀。

Lesson5:

❖The belief that investment in people … to develop his highest potentialities.

(美国人)相信对人的投资是社会资源投入的最重要的方式,这种信念自北美殖民地早期就一直存在了。它源于对思想原则的信仰,而不是对于经济利益的追求;源于对人的尊严的信仰;源于对社会有责任给人提供开发他最大潜能的信仰。

❖After all, the American mind was conditioned by…to secular ideology ever after.

毕竟,美国人的思维方式深受加尔文派神学的影响,这种神学是有史以来人类创造的最崇高、最令人敬畏的分析体系之一。任何有这种思想的知识分子都注定难以抵制世俗意识形态的诱惑。

❖作为理想的阐述者,他仍然是一个充满活力、富于创新的人——不仅活在美国人心中,我相信,也活在所有主张人的尊严和自由的人心中。

As an expounder of ideals, he remains a vivid and fertile figure—alive, not only for Americans but, I believe, for all those interested in human dignity and human liberty.

❖Ideology thus presupposes ……the custody of an infallible priesthood.

❖意识形态体系因此预先假设了一个封闭的世界,它的历史是确定的,它的原则是一成不变的,它的价值和目标是可以从社会信条体系中推理出来的,而这个理论体系的本质掌握在永无谬误的圣人手中。

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