【英语】中考英语阅读理解综合分类解析1

【英语】中考英语阅读理解综合分类解析1
一、初三英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析）
1．阅读理解
Denies Walme in Texas, USA, now 14 years old, published his best-seller Unbending Gisula eight years ago. The book is about a little whale named Gisul.
One day, Gisula did not take his mother's words and went up the beach. Then he got lost and had to learn to live by himself. The colour pictures were drawn by Denies himself. Denies published the books at the age of six He is said to be the youngest writer and picture artist.
Another surprising thing about the book is that it became a best seller immediately after it was published and brought him a lot of money. Because he spent much time writing the books, his study was not very good and he had to learn the year's work again but his gift of writing is highly praised by the teachers and student. And he was even invited to give talks on writing.
But Denies does not want to be a writer. He said, 'I like planes most. I dream of becoming a pilot someday.'
（1）From the story we can learn that Denies__________.
A. published his Unbending Gisula at the age of 14
B. wants to be a writer when he grows up
C. drew the pictures for his own book
D. does not go to school anymore
（2）What Denies liked most is________.
A. writing stories
B. drawing pictures
C. whales
D. planes （3）When did Denies publish the books?
A. At the age of six
B. At the age of eight
C. At the age of sixteen
D. I don't know.
【答案】（1）C
（2）D
（3）A
【解析】【分析】大意：本文主要介绍作者丹尼斯个人的一些基本情况以及他的最畅销的书，他虽然学习怎么好，但是他善于写作，他梦想将来能成为一名飞行员，他的书主要介绍一只小鲸鱼，有一天小鲸鱼Gisula不听妈妈的话，爬上了海滩。

然后迷路不得不独自生活的故事。

（1）细节题。

根据The colour pictures were drawn by Denies himself.可知，通过这个故事我们知道丹尼斯为自己的书画画，故选C。

（2）细节题。

根据I like planes most.可知，丹尼斯最喜欢飞机，故选D。

（3）细节题。

根据now 14 years old, published his best-seller Unbending Gisula eight years ago. 丹尼斯现在14岁，他的最畅销的书是8年前出版的，可知，他那是才6岁，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

细节题是阅读理解题中常考题型。

细节题需要从文中寻找答案。

2．根据短文内容出选择正确答案。

B
Do you want to live a happier, less stressful life? Try laughing for no reason at all. That's how thousands of people start their day at Laughter （笑声）Clubs around the world and many doctors now think that having a good laugh might be one of the best ways to stay healthy.
The first Laughter Club was started in Mumbai, India, in 1995 by Dr. Madan Kataria. "Young children laugh about 300 times a day. Adults laugh between 7 and 15 times a day," says Dr. Kataria. "Everyone is naturally good at laughing-it's the universal language. We want people to feel happy with their lives." There are now more than 500 Laughter Clubs in India and over l,300 in the world.
Many doctors are also interested in the effects （效果） of laughter on our health. According to a 5-year study at the UCLA School of Medicine in California, with laughing there is less stress in the body. Laughter improves our health against illness by about 40%.
So what happens at a Laughter Club? I went along to my nearest club in South London to find out. I was quite nervous at the beginning of the class, to be honest, I wasn't interested in laughing with a group of strangers, and I was worried about looking stupid. Our laughter teacher told us to clap our hands and say “ho ho ho, ha ha ha.” while looking at each other. However, our bodies can't tell the difference between real laughter and unreal laughter, so they still produce the same healthy effects.
Surprisingly, it worked! After ten minutes everybody in the room was laughing for real and some people just couldn't stop! At the end of the class I was surprised by how relaxed-and comfortable I felt. So if you're under stress, then start laughing. You might be very pleased with the results!
（1）The first Laughter Club was started in __________.
A. India
B. America
C. Britain
D. China
（2）How many Laughter Clubs are there in the world today?
A. Over 300.
B. Over 500.
C. Over 800.
D. Over l,300. （3）How did the writer feel at the beginning of the class?
A. Surprised.
B. Pleased
C. Nervous.
D. Tired.
（4）When did the people in the club begin to laugh for real?
A. After ten minutes.
B. After ten hours.
C. After ten seconds.
D. After ten days.（5）The article mainly tells us __________.
A. young children laugh much more often than adults in a day
B. laughing is one of the best ways to stay healthy
C. many-doctors are also interested in the effects of laughter on our health
D. real laughter and unreal laughter are both good for health
【答案】（1）A
（2）D
（3）C
（4）A
（5）B
【解析】【分析】你想过一个快乐的,没有压力的生活?尝试毫无理由的大笑？全世界每天有成千上万的人在笑声俱乐部开始他们的一天。

医生认为开怀大笑是最好的保健方式。

（1）细节理解。

根据第二段The first Laughter Club was started in Mumbai, India, in 1995 by Dr. Madan Kataria. 可知在印度，故选A。

（2）细节理解。

根据第二段There are now more than 500 Laughter Clubs in India and over l,300 in the world. 可知选D。

（3）细节理解。

根据第四段 I was quite nervous at the beginning of the class可知作者开始紧张。

故选C。

（4）细节理解。

根据最后一段Surprisingly, it worked! After ten minutes everybody in the room was laughing for real and some people just couldn't stop! 可知10分钟后房间里的人都是在真笑。

故选A。

（5）主旨大意。

本文讲笑声俱乐部给人们的生活带来的变化，通过大笑来减少压力，过更快乐更健康的生活。

故选B。

【点评】阅读理解考查对篇章的把握和对细节的识别能力，答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键词，在文章中寻找答案。

3．根据短文内容理解选择正确答案。

C
What is your favorite color? Ask famous persons like Cate Blanchett, Scarlett Johnson, and Bono （singer for the band U2）, and maybe they will say “green.” That’s not because these artists like the color green best. Instead, they are interested in green fashion.
Green fashion is about making （and wearing） clothes that are good for humans, animals, and the Earth. In the past, green fashion made people think of ugly clothes. But today, green fashion is different. It is about looking good and caring about the Earth and other people. You can have interesting clothes and be green.
Around the world, green fashion is becoming popular. For example, the U.K. company People Tree sells men’s and women’s clothing and accessories（配搭物）. They are made from natural fabrics（织物）like cotton and wool. Workers who make the clothes are from countries like Kenya（肯尼亚）, and Bangladesh（孟加拉国）. People Tree pays the men and women good money for the clothes they make.
Singer Bono and his wife also started a clothing company called EDUN. When the clothes are sold, EDUN uses most of the money to help people around the world.
（1）From this passage, we know that “green fashion” means________.
A. putting green color on your face
B. making clothes from green trees
C. wearing the color green all the time
D. wearing clothes that are good for the Earth （2）Today, green fashion is ___________.
A. the same as it was in the past
B. making people work harder
C. more popular and interesting
D. mostly popular with famous persons
（3）Which sentence about green clothing companies is true?
A. They are all in Africa.
B. They do not pay their workers well.
C. They make clothes only for women.
D. They use natural fabrics to make clothes.
（4）What does EDUN do?
A. It teaches people to make clothes.
B. It makes interesting clothes for teenagers.
C. It sells clothes and uses the money to help people.
D. It pays people good money for the clothes they make.
【答案】（1）D
（2）C
（3）D
（4）C
【解析】【分析】
⑴细节理解。

根据第二段Green fashion is about making （and wearing）clothes that are good for humans, animals, and the Earth可知绿色时尚是做或者穿对人、动物和地球有益的衣服。

故选D。

⑵细节理解。

根据第二段But today, green fashion is different.和第三段Around the world, green fashion is becoming popular可知当今绿色时尚更受欢迎。

故选C。

⑶细节理解。

根据第三段可知he U.K. company People Tree sells men's and women's clothing and accessories（配搭物）. They are made from natural fabrics（织物） like cotton and wool. Workers who make the clothes are from countries like Kenya（肯尼亚）, and Bangladesh（孟加拉国）. People Tree pays the men and women good money for the clothes they make. 可知他们用天然纤维制作衣服。

ABC错误，故选D。

⑷细节理解。

跟最后一句When the clothes are sold, EDUN uses most of the money to help people around the world. 可知他们用钱帮助全世界的人们。

故选Ｃ
【点评】阅读理解考查对篇章的把握和对细节的识别能力，答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键词，在文章中寻找答案。

4．根据短文内容选择正确答案。

A
The 2014 FI FA World Cup, the twentieth World Cup football match, was
held in Brazil from June 12th, 2014 to July 13th, 2014. Thirty-two teams
from different countries brought us sixty-four wonderful games during the
World Cup. This is the second time the World Cup is held in this country
and the fifth in South America. Thousands of football fans watched the
games.
A Bite of China（舌尖上的中国）, a mouth-watering documentary TV
program featuring delicious Chinese food, has interested a large number of
people. The program has become very popular since it was shown on TV.
The documentary provides not only Chinese delicious food but also the
relationships between people and food. “We made this documentary with
our respect and love for food. I hope it will help people learn more about
Chinese food as well as Chinese culture.” said the director Mr. Chen.
Lu Jialei, a school girl from Hangzhou, China, won the championship of the
first Chinese Character Dictation Contest, which made her become famous
overnight. Lu is a hard-working girl and always comes top at school. “I like
reading and I’m crazy about learning Chinese characters. I enjoy the contest
and hope more and more people become interested in learning Chinese
characters.” said Lu Jialei after winning the contest.
A. About a week.
B. About two weeks
C. About a month.
D. About two months.（2）Which is NOT true according to the articles?
A. Lu Jialei always gets good grades at school.
B. The World Cup has been held in South America twice.
C. Many people like watching the TV program A Bite of China.
D. Lu Jialei hopes more people ca n take much interest in Chinese characters.
（3）Where may the articles probably come from?
A. A story book.
B. A science report.
C. A sports magazine.
D. The Internet.
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）D
【解析】【分析】这篇短文给我们介绍了三段不同内容的短文。

第一段是关于今年夏天将在巴西举行的足球世界杯；第二段是关于《舌尖上的中国》这个电视节目；第三段是关于第一届汉字听写大赛的冠军卢佳磊。

（1）细节理解题。

根据短文的第一段中the twentieth World Cup football match, will be held
in Brazil from June 12th, 2014 to July 13th, 2014.可知，第20届世界杯足球赛将于2014年6月12号到7月13号在巴西举行，时间是持续一个月。

故选C。

（2）推理判断题。

根据Lu is a hard-working girl and always comes top at school.可知A的说法是对的；根据 A Bite of China（舌尖上的中国）, a mouth-watering documentary TV program featuring delicious Chinese food, has interested a large number of people.可知C的说法也符合文意；根据enjoy the contest and hope more and more people become interested in learning Chinese characters可知D也是符合文意的；根据This is the second time the World Cup is held in this country and the fifth in South America.可知，这是世界杯足球赛第五次在南美洲国家举行，故B不对。

选B。

（3）主旨大意题。

这篇短文中给我们介绍了三个不同的内容，第一段是关于今年的世界杯足球比赛将在巴西举行；第二个是关于《舌尖上的中国》这个节目；第三个是关于汉字听写大赛的冠军卢佳磊。

这样的一篇短文应该来源于网上。

故选D。

【点评】阅读理解考查对篇章的把握和对细节的识别能力，答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键词，在文章中寻找答案。

5．阅读理解
There are few families in the United States that do not have either a radio or a television set. Both of them have become necessary parts of our daily life, keeping us Americans filled with the news of the day, teaching us in many fields of interest, and making us happy with singing, dancing and acting.
Marconi, the Italian inventor, who gave us the radio, probably didn't know how much his great invention would have done for the world in the years to come. Radio had, perhaps done as much as any other communication tool. Things of the world can be reported to people everywhere a few seconds after they happen. Travellers in out-of-the-way places, ships at sea and even astronauts around the Earth are able to keep in touch with each other by radio.
Television is another important invention. It lets us see as well as hear the actor. Since its appearance, TV has done a great deal in the daily life of people everywhere. Many programmes are now televised in colour.
Perhaps the most modern invention is "Telstar", a "star" moving around the Earth. It makes it possible for people all over the world to be closer than ever before. Now a family in Chicago can watch a motorcar race in Italy, a table tennis competition in Beijing or a volleyball match in Japan on TV as these events are actually happening!
（1）The passage tells us that in the USA have no radios or television sets.
A. a large number of homes
B. all the families
C. a small number of families
D. quite a few homes
（2）Why does the passage say radio and TV have become necessary parts of our daily life?
A. Because they have included nearly everything in our life.
B. Because man would not live happily without them.
C. Because they are the only ways to spread information.
D. Because no communication means no life.
（3）What is the use of a "Telstar" according to the passage?
A. To receive and store information only.
B. To move around the Earth just like the Moon.
C. To give light onto the Earth at night.
D. To help broadcast radio or TV information to the world.
（4）Who do you think the writer of the passage is？
A. An Italian.
B. A Japanese.
C. An American.
D. A Chinese reporter.
【答案】（1）C
（2）A
（3）D
（4）C
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了电视在美国生活中的重要性。

（1）细节题。

根据There are few families in the United States that do not have either a radio or a television set，可知在美国少数家庭没有收音机或电视机，故选C。

（2）推理题。

根据Both of them have become necessary parts of our daily life可知，因为它们几乎包含了我们生活中的一切所以广播和电视已经成为我们日常生活中不可或缺的一部分，故选A。

（3）推理题。

根据It makes it possible for people all over the world to be closer than ever before这使得全世界的人比以往任何时候都更亲近可知T elstar帮助向世界广播电台或电视信息，故选D。

（4）推理题。

根据keeping us Americans filled with the news of the day使我们美国人充满了一天中的新闻可知作者是美国人，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题、推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

6．阅读理解
Almost every Chinese can recite the famous poem, "Every grain on the plate comes from hard work（谁知盘中餐, 粒粒皆辛苦）."But sadly, many of us don't actually get the real meaning of these lines：Don't waste food.
A CCTV programme, News One Plus One, reported that the food Chinese people throw away every year is enough to feed 200 million people for a year.
Do we have too much food? No, according to the UN World Food Programme, there were 925 million hungry people around the world in 2010, especially in developing countries.6 million children die of hunger every year.
Chinese people are well-known for being generous. Many even feel that they will lose face if their guests have eaten all the food on the table.
Luckily, a number of people have realized the importance of saving food. In November, 2011, Li Hong, a waitress in a restaurant in Nanjing, became famous because she took some leftover（剩余的）food home for her son. Many people stood by her side and agreed that it was not right to
waste food.
What should we do in our daily lives to save food? Here are some tips：
Do not order too much in a restaurant. Only order what you want to eat. If you cannot eat all the food you ordered, take the rest of it home.
Don't be too picky（挑剔的）about food. Some food may not taste great, but your body needs it.
Keep an eye on what food you have at home. Don't buy too much, especially vegetables and fruit.
（1）According to News One Plus One, Chinese people .
A. save enough food to feed 200 million people for a year
B. throw away lots of food every year
C. get enough food to feed millions of people every year
D. have to feed 200 million hungry people every year
（2）In the third paragraph, we know that .
A. we have too much food to feed people in the world
B. there were 925 million people in developing countries
C. because of hunger, 6 million children die every year
D. there are only a few people getting hungry every year
（3）From the fourth and fifth paragraphs, we can conclude（得出结论）that .
A. all Chinese people are generous
B. Chinese people always waste food
C. Li Hong became famous because she wasted food
D. everyone should get into the habit of saving food
（4）What's the main topic of the passage?
A. Don't waste food.
B. Many people die of hunger.
C. Don't be picky about food.
D. Eat all the food you order.
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）D
（4）A
【解析】【分析】主要讲了许多人现在已经意识到节约食物食的重要性及在日常生活中节约食物的方式。

（1）细节题。

根据A CCTV programme, News One Plus One, reported that the food Chinese people throw away every year is enough to feed 200 million people for a year.可知央视节目《新闻一加一》报道说，中国人每年扔掉的食物足以养活一年2亿人，即中国人每年扔掉许多食物，故选B。

（2）细节题。

根据there were 925 million hungry people around the world in 2010, especially in developing countries.6 million children die of hunger every year.可知2010年，全世界有9.25亿饥饿人口，特别是发展中国家，每年有600万儿童死于饥饿。

故选C。

（3）推断题。

根据Luckily, a number of people have realized the importance of saving food.可
知人们已经意识到节约食物的重要性，所以每个人应该养成节约食物的习惯，故选D 。

（4）主旨题。

根据全文可知主要讲了许多人现在已经意识到节约食物食的重要性及在日常生活中节约食物的方式。

即不要浪费食物，故选A 。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

7．阅读理解 What problems do the teenagers probably have? Here is a survey showing their main problems. Problems
Causes Advice Feeling
stressed
Too much homework. Don't have enough time for their hobbies. Make a plan for study and hobbies. Find time to relax as possible as you can. Getting
shortsighted
Too much homework. Bad reading and writing habits.
Do the homework or reading in a correct way. Fights Don't know how to get on well with classmates.
Make more friends and understand each other. Share your problems with them. Feeling tired of study
Computer games’ bad influence. Don't be crazy about computer games. Play
them just for a short time when you are tired. Getting fat Having more pocket money to buy snacks. Dislike doing exercise. Use your pocket money to do something
meaningful. Spend some time doing exercise
every day. A. Four. B. Five. C. Six. D. Seven.
（2）What problems are caused by too much homework?
A. Feeling stressed and fights.
B. Feeling tired of study and getting fat.
C. Feeling stressed and getting short- sighted.
D. Getting short-sighted and feeling tired of study.
（3）If Simon is feeling stressed, he should ________________.
A. do much more homework
B. make a plan to spend time on study and hobbies
C. donate his pocket money to Project Hope
D. buy some snacks
（4）Peter is feeling tired of study, maybe because he.
A. has no close friends
B. has no pocket money
C. plays too many computer games
D. gets fatter and fatter
（5）________________ is a good way for the teenagers to stop fights.
A. Doing less homework
B. Playing computer games
C. Learning how to make friends
D. Paying no attention to each other
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）B
（4）C
（5）C
【解析】【分析】主要讲了青少年有的主要问题、起因及建议。

（1）细节题。

根据表格Feeling stressed、Getting shortsighted、Fights、Feeling tired of study、Getting fat，可知一共5个问题，故选B。

（2）细节题。

根据表格第一个Feeling stressed Too much homework.和第二个Getting shortsighted Too much homework. Bad reading and writing habits.可知太多的作业导致有压力和近视，故选C。

（3）细节题。

根据表格第一个Make a plan for study and hobbies.可知建议是为学习和爱好制定计划，故选B。

（4）细节题。

根据表格第四个Computer games’ bad influence.可知电脑游戏的坏影响会让学生厌倦学习，故选C。

（5）细节题。

根据表格第三个Don't know how to get on well with classmates.可知不知道怎样和同学相处是打架的原因，所以学习怎样交朋友是阻止打架的好方式，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

8．阅读理解
These days haze（雾霾）is around us here and there. In fact, everyone has the power to change their living habits to help reduce it. Many local governments call on their people to take action to make the air cleaner.
Transport is one of the biggest contributors（促成物） to haze. When, where, bow, why and what you drive all affect air quality. When one drives to work for one year, he uses as much energy as a bus rider uses in 10 years. So walk or ride your bicycle to work or school whenever possible. If it is necessary, you can use public transport instead of your car. Each person using public transport for a year instead of a car can save nearly a tonne of pollutants, including CO2, from going into the atmosphere.
Carpooling is another way to reduce carbon emissions （排放）. Carpooling is the sharing of car journeys so that more than one person travels in a car. It immediately reduces your car's emissions by half.
What you do inside your living space can have a big effect on the air quality outside it. You can do a lot of things inside and around your home that will help you pollute less and save some money.
A large amount of our energy supply comes from burning coal, another contributor to haze. By cutting down your electricity use, you are cutting down on haze. So you may try to reduce your use of electricity by turning off lights, using your air conditioner wisely during the summer months, or updating some of your electrical appliances to low-energy models. For example, you
can use energy-saving lamps that require less energy and last 10 times longer than common bulbs.
（1）Which does the writer think should play an important role in reducing haze?
A. City cleaners.
B. Haze producers.
C. Local governments.
D. Common people.（2）We can infer（推断） from the passage that the writer thinks .
A. cars can be used only when people have to
B. cars should be given up as soon as possible
C. cars must be improved to reduce air pollution
D. cars may cause the most serious pollution of all
（3）We should reduce the use of electricity mainly because .
A. we can save a lot of money by using less energy
B. coal is now becoming rarer and rarer on our planet
C. harmful things come out while electricity is produced
D. electrical appliances send out something harmful to our air
（4）Which can be the best title for the passage?
A. What Are Causing Haze Around Us
B. What You Can Do to Reduce Haze
C. How Dangerous Haze Is to Our Life
D. How Important It Is to Reduce Haze
【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章主要介绍了几种减少雾霾的方法，第一种为尽量使用公共交通工具外出，第二种为尽量拼车出行，第三种为减少电力的使用。

（1）细节题。

结合第一段第二句 In fact, everyone has the power to change their living habits to help reduce it. 可知，每个人都有能力通过改变自己的生活习惯来减少雾霾。

因此，作者认为在减少雾霾上，普通人应该发挥重要作用，故选D。

（2）推断题。

由第二段 So walk or ride your bicycle to work or school whenever possible. If it is necessary, you can use public transport instead of your car. 可知，尽可能步行或骑自行车，必要时乘坐公共交通工具也不要开车。

因此作者认为仅当不得已的时候才应该才去开车，故选A。

（3）细节题。

结合第五段第一句A large amount of our energy supply comes from burning coal, another contributor to haze. 可知，发电时，我们需要烧煤等，而这会释放出有害物质，进而污染空气。

C项意为“当生产电力时会释放有害物质”，符合题意，故选C。

（4）主旨题。

通读全文，文章主要介绍了几种减少雾霾的方法，第一种为尽量使用公共交通工具外出，第二种为尽量拼车出行，第三种为减少电力的使用。

故文章主旨在于普通人可以做些什么、采取什么措施来减少雾霾，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解能力，首先通读全文，掌握大意，然后根据问题在文章中找到依据，选出正确答案，注意阅读方法的运用。

9．阅读理解
Different countries have different customs. When you are in different countries, you should follow their customs.
In China, it's impolite to talk when eating dinner. And you're not supposed to start eating first if there are older people at the table.
Very often people who travel to the United States forget to tip（付小费）. It is usual to tip waiters, taxi drivers and porters who help carry your bags. Waiters expect to get a 15% tip on the cost of your meal. Taxi drivers expect about the same amount.
In England, make sure to stand in line even if there are only two of you. It's important to respect（尊重）lines there. It's a good idea to talk about the weather. It's a favorite subject of conversation with the British.
In Spain（西班牙）, it's a good idea to have a light meal in the afternoon if someone invites you for dinner. People have dinner very late, and restaurants do not generally open until after 9:00 p. m.
In Saudi Arabia（沙特阿拉伯）, men kiss one another on the cheek. Your host may welcome you with a kiss on both cheeks. It is polite of you to do the same.
In Japan, people usually give personal or business cards to each other when they meet for the first time. When a person gives you a card, don't put it into your pocket（口袋）as soon as you get it. The person expects you to read it.
Don't forget to be careful about your body language to express something in conversations. A kind of body language that is acceptable in one culture may be impolite in another.
（1）What does the underlined word "porters" mean in Chinese？
A. 搬运工
B. 水电工
C. 建筑工
D. 环卫工（2）If you travel to the US, and you spend $ 200 on a taxi ride and $ 320 on a meal, you are supposed to tip in total.
A. $520
B. $78
C. $156
D. $60
（3）Which of the following is TRUE？
A. You are expected to kiss your host on the cheek in Japan.
B. Generally, restaurants don't offer dinner after 9:00 p. m. in Spain.
C. It's impolite to eat first if there are older people at the table in China.
D. You don't need to stand in line if there are two people waiting for a bus in England.
（4）What does the passage mainly talk about？
A. Where to travel.
B. How to tip in different countries.
C. When to use body language.
D. Customs in different countries.
【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）C
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文介绍不同的国家有不同的习俗。

当你在不同的国家时，你应该遵循他们的习俗。

（1）词义猜测题。

根据who help carry your bags帮你搬东西的人可知，porters是搬运工的意思，故选A。

（2）细节题。

根据服务员希望得到15%的餐费小费。

出租车司机期望大约相同的数额服务员希望得到15%的餐费小费。

出租车司机期望大约相同的数额可知，如果你去美国旅行，坐出租车花200美元，吃饭花320美元，你应该总共付小费是（200+320）*20%=78美元，故选B。

（3）推理题。

根据you're not supposed to start eating first if there are older people at the table如果餐桌上有老年人，你不应该先吃饭可知，如果中国的餐桌上有老年人，先吃饭是不礼貌的正确，故选C。

（4）细节题。

根据本文介绍不同的国家有不同的习俗。

当你在不同的国家时，你应该遵循他们的习俗可知，文章主要讲述不同国家的风俗，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题四种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

10．阅读理解
Toby was a 13-year-old Boy. He studied in a middle school in Paris. He was quite a Clever Boy and was good at almost everything. However, he had a problem. He had a fear（恐惧）of heights. This problem made him unhappy for a long time. He talked to his father about it one day. "I've had enough, Dad," he said." I would love to go rock Climbing with my friends. But every time I get too high, I feel afraid."
His dad paused（停顿）as he thought about his son's ________
"Well, Toby," he said quietly," I Can help you. But you will need to Be Brave. Are you ready?"
Toby was quiet for a few minutes.
"I am ready!" he answered bravely.
Toby's father picked up the keys and walked towards the front door.
"We're going into the City!" his father said.
Toby knew what was coming. Toby lived in Paris. One of the world's tallest buildings was there. That was the Eiffel Tower. Nothing was said between them as they drove into the City.
After about an hour, they arrived at the Eiffel Tower. Toby looked up at it.
"Can I really do this?" he asked worriedly.
"Well," his father said," I will be with you every step of the way. This is the day that you fight your fear! Come on!"
Toby took a Breath. His father held his hand and then they made their way, step by step, towards the top of the Eiffel Tower. At last they got to the top.
"Wow, Dad!" he said excitedly as he looked over Paris.
"I told you there was nothing to worry about," his father said.
（1）The Best word for"________" is" ________ .
A. dream
B. plan
C. problem
D. study
（2）Toby went to the Eiffel Tower ________ .
A. By Bus
B. By Bike
C. By taxi
D. By Car
（3）How might Toby's father feel about Toby at the end of the story?
A. Hopeless.
B. Happy.
C. Surprised.
D. Worried.
（4）This story is mainly about ________ .
A. fighting fear
B. making friends
C. giving advice
D. Choosing hobbies
【答案】（1）C
（2）D
（3）B
（4）A
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述托比因为恐高而感到沮丧，最后他的爸爸带他去爬埃菲尔铁塔让他克服恐高。

（1）推理题。

根据“I've had enough, Dad,” he said. “I would love to go rock climbing with my friends. But every time I get too high, I feel afraid.”可知，托比向他的爸爸说了他的问题，托比的爸爸应该考虑他儿子的问题，故选C。

（2）细节题。

根据Nothing was said between them as they drove into the city可知，托比坐轿车去埃菲尔铁塔，故选D。

（3）推理题。

根据“Wow, Dad!” he said excitedly as he looked over Paris. 以及“I told you there was nothing to worry about,” his father said可知，托比很兴奋，他的爸爸也很高兴，故选B。

（4）主旨题。

本文主要讲述托比因为恐高而感到沮丧，最后他的爸爸带他去爬埃菲尔铁塔让他克服恐高，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题、推断题，和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

11．阅读理解
I'm sure most people like music. Music can not only bring us wonderful enjoyment, but also bring us happiness when we are tired or sad. And many people have the habit of enjoying music when they are free. But to our surprise, one English school allows children to listen to music or even to have the TV on while they are studying, and they find it is helpful to improve the students' grades.
According to a research at Millfield School in the UK, around 20% of teenagers work better with background music, and 10% excel when allowed to finish their work with short walks around the room while up to 80% can concentrate （集中注意）better if allowed to play with a small object.
The research has made the school use a very new way, encouraging students to discover which learning styles suit them best, and then do their homework listening to music or even lying down. Some parents don't believe, .but many are now accepting it at home where children are allowed to do their homework with the television on.。