选修7Module1知识点

选修7Module1知识点1.forward n.& adj.1)n.前锋He plays as a forward in our team.He has the gift to play as a forward.2)adj.未来的；将来的He made a forward movement.A little forward planning at the outset can save you a lot of expense. upwards adv.向上downwards adv.向下onwards adv.向前leftwards adv.向左sidewards adv.向一边afterwards adv.向后coastwards adv.朝海岸look forward to期盼，盼望backward (s) and forward (s)来回；前后2.defend vt.防卫；保卫When the dog attacked me, I defended myself with a stick.You should defend your children from harm.defend from/ against 保护以免受defend oneself 自卫，自我辩护defence n.防卫；防御defensive adj.防御性的；防卫性的3.guard n.&v.1)n.（球赛的）后卫He works as a guard in the team.2)n.警戒；守望The soldier is on guard.The soldier was ordered to keep guard.3)v.保护；保卫We should do everything to guard diseases.You should be guarded in what you say.keep guard 站岗，放哨keep sb. under close guard把某人置于严密监视下be on/ off one’s guard警惕/疏忽警惕4.referee n.（体育）裁判The referee sent him off the field for breaking and the rules of the game.forward n.前锋centre n.中锋guard n.后卫coach n.教练scorer n.（得分）运动员commentator n.解说员5.association n.联合；结交；结合association with…与……有联系in association with 与……联合；与……结交I benefited much from my association with him.There was a concert sponsored by the school in association with several local business. associate vt.联合；结合vi.交往；结交6.talented adj.有才能的；有才干的；有天赋的He is a talented musician.They are all attracted by his talented design.have a talent for= have a gift for有……的天赋a talented actor= a gifted actor一位有天赋的演员talent n.天才；才能；才干7.turn link-v. （使）变成；成为He turned professional writer after graduation from university.turn traitor to (= turn against)背叛8.professional n.&adj.1）n.职业教练；职业选手These professionals earn a lot from the games.2)adj.专门的；职业的This work needs professional skills.These professional men had special training.profession n.职业professor n.教授9.valued adj.有价值的；重要的He is said to be the most valued player.value vt.&n.1)vt.估……的价值；定……的价He valued the ring at $80.He valued the house for me at 2,000 pounds.Do you value her as a secretary?Some of us value peace and comfort very highly. Others value pleasure and excitement.2)n.有用性；重要性；价值What is the value of your house?Your help has been of great value.of great value= very valuable非常有价值valueless adj.无价值的；无用的valuable adj.有价值的This is a valued gift though it is hardly valuable.10.in the history of…在……的历史上in history 历史上have a history of有的历史with a long history有悠久的历史in the presence of在……出场的情况下in the absence of由于缺乏……in the possession of为……所有in the interest of为了……的利益11.grow up长大成人；形成；兴起What do you want to be when you grow up?Trading settlements grew up along the river.grow into长成；长大为grow out of生产于；抛弃（恶习）growing adj.生长的growth n.生长grown-up n.成年人12.attend v.参加；出席；照料；关心All children between the ages of 5 and 16 must attend school.Danger attended everything he did.The patients are well attended in the hospital.He was very tired after the long run, and expected somebody to attend to him. attend a meeting 出席会议attend church做礼拜attend school上学13.average n.&adj.1)n.平均数The average of 3,8 and 10 is 7.3.2)adj.平常的What is the average rainfall for July?on (an/ the) average平均而言above/ below the average 在平均水平之上/下14.movitation n.动机；动力If you have the motivation of study, you can overcome any difficulty.To make money is the motivation of their work.movitate vt.成为……的动机motive n.动机，原因，目的adj.发动的；导致运动的15.fantastic adj.1)太棒了Do you think the Internet is fantastic?2)幻想的，奇异的My daughter likes to describe her fantastic dreams to me.16.rescue vt. &n.1)vt.营救，救出，拯救rescue sb./ sth. from把从中救出来She was rescued from a burning builidng.2)n.拯救，营救Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.come to the rescue救援17.court n.1)球场He won after only 52 minutes on court.2)法庭，法院The criminal didn’t appear in court.18.awesome adj.引起敬畏的，令人敬畏的；令人惊叹的His awesome looks make nobody dare to speak to him.His achievements are awesome.awe n.敬畏awe-inspiring adj.令人惊叹的awe-stricken adj.害怕的awful adj.可怕的quarrelsome adj.爱吵架的troublesome adj.令人烦恼的；讨厌的venturesome adj.好冒险的laboursome adj.费力的19.various adj.各种各样的，不同的Bricks and dishes are made from various kinds of clay.The city is noted for its various bridge.20.entire adj.全部的，整个的；完全的The entire city turned out for the celebration.I was in entire ignorance of the matter.entirely adv.全部地；完全地；彻底地21.at one point在某个时刻（其中point指“时刻，瞬间”）At one point I thought she was going to refuse, but in the end she agreed.on the poing of doing sth.正要做某事beside the point离题的，不相关的off the point不切题22.immediate adj.立刻的；即刻的We must take immediate action to protect our enviroment.This work demands your immediate attention.Her arrest produced an immediate reaction from the press.23.success n.成功的人或事The play was an overnight success.He was a success as our coach.a great/ huge/big success极大成功make a success of sth.某事取得成功24.amazing adj.令人惊异的What an amazing film it is!She has an amazing talent in music.25.hold v.1)获得，赢得Who holds the world record for the long jump?2)拿，抱，握住She held me by the sleeve.3)举行，进行The talks between the two countries were held in Beijing yesterday.get hold of= take hold of= catch hold of抓住hold one’s breath摒住呼吸hold on to克制，控制26.dobut n.&v.1)n.怀疑，不确定There is no doubt about it.I have no doubt of his ability.2)v.怀疑，不确定I don’t doubt that…I doubt whether…Do you doubt that…I doubt his words.I don’t doubt that he can finish the task on time.I doubt whether they can swim across the river.in doubt怀疑；拿不定主意no/without/ beyond doubt无疑地；必定；当然make no doubt of对……毫不怀疑throw/ cast doubt on sth.对某事心存疑虑27.deserve v.应该得到；值得（后可接动词不定式）Good work deserves good pay.These people deserve our help.He certainly deserves to be sent to prison.deserve well/ ill of…应该受到……之忧/虐待be deserving of有功的；应得的28.outstanding adj.1）杰出的；显著的The outstanding features of the landscape attracted more people to come here.The girl who won the schlarship was quite outstanding.2）突出的；伸出的He is a boy with big, outstanding ears.noticeable, remarkable显著的，引人注目的29.selfish adj.自私的；自利的；不顾他人的What he did shows that he is a selfish man.You shouldn’t act from selfish motives.shellfish n.贝类动物selfishly adv.自私地unselfish adj.无私的selfishness n.自私selfless adj.无私的30.all the time一直Don’t be afraid, and do as you want. We will support you all the time. The little boy has been crying all the time since his mother left.behind time迟到in no time 立即；马上at the same time同时at times偶尔，有时at one time曾经；一度behind the times落伍；过时in/out of time合、不合节拍for the first time第一次at a time一次；同时have a good/ bad time玩得愉快/不愉快kill time消磨时间，浪费时间31.nature n.天性，本质She has a gentle nature.Habit is (a) second nature.by nature生来，生性in nature 本质上；事实上against nature违背自然；不合理的human nature人性(be) ture to nature逼真，栩栩如生32.in on e’s nature某人的本性He wouldn’t lie. It’s not in his nature.33.instant adj.立刻的；紧急的，紧迫的I felt instant relief after the treatment.The injured were in instant need of help.instance n.例子；案例instantly adv.立即；即刻34.hit n.热门人物；风行一时的事物She becomes a big hit in our school.The record was a big hit and sold a million copies.35.nationwide adj.&adv.遍及全国的，全国性的，在全国The nationwide selection of actors drew many people’s attention.The news spreads quickly nationwide.nation n.民族；国家national adj.国家的；民族的native adj.本族的；本国的nationality n.国籍36.if necessary 如果有必要的话The emergency services are ready to help if necessary.iIf possible 如果有可能的话if any如果有的话if not如果不的话if so如果这样的话37.be rude to对……粗鲁；对……无礼be rude to do sth.做某事没有礼貌（无礼）As a student, you shouldn’t be rude to others.It’s rude to snatch.It’s rude for sb. to do sth.=It’s impolite for sb. to do sth.=It’s bad manners for sb. to do sth.某人做某事是粗鲁的It’s good manner for sb. to do sth.=It’s polite for sb. to do sth.38.dominate v.统治；支配；控制A great man can dominate others by force of character.Mountains dominate the city’s landscapes.dominate adj.有统治权的；有支配力的domination n.统治；支配；控制39.be used to习惯于（某事物），其中to为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词Mr White has been used to Chinese dishes.He will soon be used to getting up early.40.risk n.&vt.1)n.冒险，风险Whatever you do, don’t take unnecessary risks.run/take a risk/ risks冒险run/take the risk of doing sth.冒险做某事at risk处境危险;遭受危险at the risk of…冒……险；不顾……之风险2）vt.使……冒风险；冒……的危险；冒险做He who risks nothing gains nothing.41.parallel adj.平行的，并列的The road and the canal are parallel to each other.The plane flew parallel to the coast.42.adequate adj.足够的；充足的；合格的；合乎需要的The money is adequate for the trip.He didn’t give an adequate answer to the question.be adequate for sth.足够某事（物）be adequate to ( do) sth.胜任（做）某事43.absorb vt.1)吸收The clever boy absorbed all the knowledge that his teachers chould give him.2)使全身贯注；使专心be absorbed in全神贯注于……，热衷于……absorb one’s attention 吸引某人的注意力I was absorbed in a book and didn’t hear your call.The TV play totally absorbed the children’s attention.absorbing adj.非常吸引人的44.bound v.& adj.1)v.跳；弹回；跳着跑The ball struck the wall and bounded back to me.2)adj.准备起程前往；在赴……途中be bound to肯定会’feel bound to do 理应做bound for …在赴……途中Don’t lie to her. She’s bound to find out.He felt bound to tell them the truth.This ship is bound for Finland.45.abrupt adj.1)突然的，意外的The road is full of abrupt turns.2)粗鲁的；不连贯的He is a man with an abrupt manner.abruptly adv.突然地，意外地46.accelerate v.加快……的速度，催促The train accelerated gradually and at last disappeared.The speed should be accelerated.47.play sb.与某人比赛She’s playing Helen Evans in the semi-final.play a ball击球，打球play the game办事公道48.interval n.间歇，间隔There was a long interval before he answered the telephone.He comes back to see us at regualr intervals.at intervals不时，每隔一段时间;每隔一定距离at intervals of 10 days 每隔10天at intervals of 10 inches 每隔10英寸at regualar intervals每隔一段时间，每隔一定距离at short intervals常常49.appoint v.1)选派，任命They appointed White manager.2)决定，指定The time appointed for the meeting was 8:30 p.m.We must appoint a time to meet again.appointment n.约定；任用；约会；职位appoint… for sth.为某事定下（时间、日期等）appoint sb.任命某人；委派某人；选派某人fix/ make an appointment with与……约会50.typical adj.代表性的，典型的This is a typical instance.He waved his hand as a typical sign.typically adv.典型地；具代表性地type n.典型；代表51.anyhow adv.无论如何，不管怎样It may snow, but anyhow I will go to town.anyhow=anyway无论如何，不管怎样in any case= at any rate无论如何，不管怎样52.aside adv.在旁边So set aside some time each day to write, even if it is only five minutes.beside prep.在旁边adv.在旁边besides prep.除……外（尚有）aside from 1)除……外（尚有）2）除……外（别无）mit v.1)犯罪（错）He committed murder and was sentenced to death.2)交托；交付；移交She has been committed to a mental hospital.commit a crime犯罪commit suiside自杀commit to把……交付/交托给commit oneself to承诺；使自己负有责任；专心致志于commitment n.承诺，投入，花费54.foul n.& adj.1)n.犯规It was a clear foul by Ford on the goalkeeper.2)adj.令人厌恶的；有恶臭的；污秽的This is a medicine with a foul taste.foul spoken 言语粗鄙的foul play犯规动作55.take possession of占有；占据The policeman took possession of the thief’s bag.come into possession of sth.占有某物come into the possession of sb. (某物)为某人所占有（持有）in possession of sth.占有某物in the possession of sth. (某物)为某人所占有（持有）come into one’s possession / in one’s possession被某人占有，落入某人手中After her father’s death, she came into possession of a vast fortune.Their opponents were in possession of the ball for most of the match.56.lie still静静地躺着The patient lay still in the hospital, waiting for Death’s coming.stand still静静地站着sit still静静地坐着keep still保持静止Still waters run deep. 静水流深57.confirm vt.1)证实，证明，确认confirm that证实，确定……confirm sb. in sth.使某人证实某事Research has confirmed that the risk confirmed me in my suspicious.2)批准；认可She was confirmed to be a Party member when she was 25.58.dizzy adj.眩晕的，头晕眩目的Greg felt sick and dizzy in the hot sun.dizzy height 令人眩目的高度dizzy peak令人眩晕的顶峰59.bandage n.绷带The wounded solider wore a bandage round his right leg.60.considerate adj.考虑周到的；为他人着想的；体贴的；体谅的It was considerate of you not to play the piano while I was sleeping.He is a considerate person.consider vt.考虑；认为consideration n.考虑considering prep.鉴于；就……而论61.apologise vt.道歉apologise to sb. for ( doing) sth.道歉offer/ make an /one’s apology to sb. for (doing) sth.因（做）某事向某人道歉You must apologise to your elder sister for being so rude.He made an apology to the teacher for being late.62.in pain在痛苦中She was in great pain.Take these tablets if you’re in pain.63.in frustration 失望，沮丧He watched in frustration as his team lost again.He ground his teeth in frustration.64.pick up1)拾起，捡起Tom picked up the book on the floor.2)得到，获得，学会（语言）I picked up English when I was in the USA.3)测知，探出，看到，收听到We can pick up several programmes.4)（车辆中途）载客；搭人The bus stopped to pick up passengers.5）随便结识（某人）Lucy is a girl he picked up on the street.6)恢复（健康、体力）You’ll soon pick up health when you get to the seaside.7)逮住（犯罪等）The escaped prisoner was picked up by the police. after以……命名Tasmania was named after its discover, A. J. Tasman.name sb. as for任命某人为……by the name of 称做，叫做under the name of…用……的名字in the name of…以……的名义，以……为借口，以……为权威to one’s name属于某人自己所有66.invent v.1)发明，创造Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876.2)虚构The whole story was invented.Invention n.发明，发明物inventor n.发明人，发明家67.provide v.供应provide sth. for sb.向某人提供某物provide sb. with sth.把某物提供给某人provided +that( 从句)假使，倘若You should not provide the students with old books.My teacher provided a new book for me.Provided there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here. supply sth. to sb. = supply sb. with sth.把某物提供给某人offer sb. sth.= offer sth. to sb.向某人提供某物68.attach v.固定，系，绑attach sth. to 把某物系、固定在……be attached to固定在……Attach a recent photograph to your application form.The web was only attached to the leaf by one thread.attach importance to重视attach significance to认为……重要be attached to喜欢，依恋69.throw v.&n.1)v.扔；投He threw the ball 100 meters.2)n.投，扔，抛He lost 5 dollars on a throw of dice.70.basis n.基础，根据on the basis of在……的基础上His theory has a solid basis.Don’t evaluate a person on the basis of appearance.71.similar adj.相似的，近似的be similar to与……相似My opinion on the matter is similar to yours.similar adj. similarity n.相似性familiar adj. familiarity n.熟悉，认识72.original adj.&n.1)adj.最初的The original owner of this pair of bracelets was her great grandmother.2)adj.首创的；原作的；非复制的I have bought the original edition of the novel.3)n.[C]原件，原文Send out the photocopies and keep the original.。