大学英语 英国社会文化 第三单元 The British Parliament
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Hereditary peers
Lords Spiritual Lords Temporal
Life peers • They are not elected; • They do not represent anyone but themselves; • They can’t prevent proposed
British constitutional principles
Britain and Israel are the only two countries without written constitutions. British constitutional principles
common laws
Conservative Party
• Believes we need fewer laws. • People make their own lives, (‘There is no such thing as society’ Thatcher) • People should take care of themselves. (No benefits, sink or swim which favours the rich )
Unit 3
The British Parliament
British Parliament Building
(Westminster Palace)
The British Government
Britain is both a parliamentary democracy
& a constitutional monarchy.
The House Of Commons
Parliament
The real center of British political life
The Queen
The House Of Lords
To pass a law
The House of Commons Debate [Three Readings]
Political Parties in the U.K.
Labour Party
• Believes in power for people. • Claims equality is a good thing. (government acts as a “redistributive” agent) • Tries to make laws to help people (public services “from cradle to grave”)
•
• • •
MPs are only allowed to sit for the lifetime of the parliament; Mps receive salaries; Most MPs belong to political parties; The House of Commons is the real center of British political life.
legislation from becoming law if
the commons insists on it; • They do not receive salaries
The House of Commons
Some terms: MPs constituency
•
General Election MPs are elected;
The monarch VS. the British parliament
monarchy (the king or qБайду номын сангаасeen)
democracy (the common people)
＊Between about 1200 and 1900 AD, there was a long slow
struggle between the monarch and the parliament. As the power of the British Parliament slowly increased, the power of the monarch decreased.
The Cabinet
Prime Minister the leader of the governing party Cabinet It consists of usually around 20 MPs in the governing party who are chosen by the Prime Minister to become government ministers in the Cabinet. Function: policy-making, coordination of government departments, the supreme control of government
Devolution
In the last few years, the government has devolved some power over Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland to parliaments in these countries. The Scottish Parliament, the Welsh Assembly, and the Northern Ireland Assembly. This allows them some power over issues only affecting their country.
The British Parliament
Major functions of the British Parliament: First and foremost, to pass laws; Second, to provide the means by taxation; Other roles, to scrutinize government work, and to debate current issues.
statute laws
conventions
laws which have been established through common practice in the courts
laws passed by Parliament
generally accepted rules and practices
Prime Minister The cabinet Propose
Legislative Body （Parliament）
The House of Lords Review
The Queen Give royal consent
The House of Lords
Lords, usually called peers
Lords Spiritual Lords Temporal
Life peers • They are not elected; • They do not represent anyone but themselves; • They can’t prevent proposed
British constitutional principles
Britain and Israel are the only two countries without written constitutions. British constitutional principles
common laws
Conservative Party
• Believes we need fewer laws. • People make their own lives, (‘There is no such thing as society’ Thatcher) • People should take care of themselves. (No benefits, sink or swim which favours the rich )
Unit 3
The British Parliament
British Parliament Building
(Westminster Palace)
The British Government
Britain is both a parliamentary democracy
& a constitutional monarchy.
The House Of Commons
Parliament
The real center of British political life
The Queen
The House Of Lords
To pass a law
The House of Commons Debate [Three Readings]
Political Parties in the U.K.
Labour Party
• Believes in power for people. • Claims equality is a good thing. (government acts as a “redistributive” agent) • Tries to make laws to help people (public services “from cradle to grave”)
•
• • •
MPs are only allowed to sit for the lifetime of the parliament; Mps receive salaries; Most MPs belong to political parties; The House of Commons is the real center of British political life.
legislation from becoming law if
the commons insists on it; • They do not receive salaries
The House of Commons
Some terms: MPs constituency
•
General Election MPs are elected;
The monarch VS. the British parliament
monarchy (the king or qБайду номын сангаасeen)
democracy (the common people)
＊Between about 1200 and 1900 AD, there was a long slow
struggle between the monarch and the parliament. As the power of the British Parliament slowly increased, the power of the monarch decreased.
The Cabinet
Prime Minister the leader of the governing party Cabinet It consists of usually around 20 MPs in the governing party who are chosen by the Prime Minister to become government ministers in the Cabinet. Function: policy-making, coordination of government departments, the supreme control of government
Devolution
In the last few years, the government has devolved some power over Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland to parliaments in these countries. The Scottish Parliament, the Welsh Assembly, and the Northern Ireland Assembly. This allows them some power over issues only affecting their country.
The British Parliament
Major functions of the British Parliament: First and foremost, to pass laws; Second, to provide the means by taxation; Other roles, to scrutinize government work, and to debate current issues.
statute laws
conventions
laws which have been established through common practice in the courts
laws passed by Parliament
generally accepted rules and practices
Prime Minister The cabinet Propose
Legislative Body （Parliament）
The House of Lords Review
The Queen Give royal consent
The House of Lords
Lords, usually called peers