国际贸易中的
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国际贸易中的 操作要点
2012-2-28
1
一,付款方式
1,D/P 付款交单,Document Against Payment; 付款交单, 信用证, 2,L/C 信用证,Letter of Credit(Documentary Credits) 赊账, 3,O/A 赊账,Open Account Purchase Order Payment; 电汇, 4,T/T 电汇,Telegraphic Transfer; 5,D/A.D/D… 5,D/A.D/D
2012-2-28
3
三,L/C的要点
1. Opener 开证人/Applicant 申请开证人; 2. Beneficiary 受益人;(中间商开的L/C, 收货人/通知人并 不是开证人, 做文件时要特别注意); 3. Advising Bank 通知行; 4. negotiation bank 议付行; 5. Date & Place of Expiry 期限; ; 6. Amount/Draft at (Sight for full invoice value of goods…) 开证总金额/付款值; 7. Partial/Transhipment分批/转运; 8. Documents Required 押汇文件; 9. 文件的交寄.
2012-2-28 11
七,进口货物的要求
1.目的地不能弄错; 2.最好能用海洋提单。
2012-2-28 7
八,外贸、运输词汇
1,成交方式
CNF: CNF:COST AND FREIGHT CIF: CIF:COST、INSURANCE AND FREIGHT COD: COD:COLLECT (CASH) ON DELIVERY DDP: DDP:DELIVERY DUTY PAID DDU: DDU:DELIVERY DUTY UNPAID EX WORKS:EX WAREHOUSE等等 WORKS: FOB: FOB:FREE ON BOARD FCA: FCA:FREE CARRIER
五,L/C中的一些陷阱
1.有效期太短,正常情况为出货日期后1个月; 2.目的地偷换概念(IN TRANSIT TO ---); 3.提单的种类错误(指定FORWARDER,但要求出Maritime B/L); 4.押汇时间太短,正常情况为:日本等近洋航线3天,美、加、欧等远洋 航线7天; 5.出货后更改目的地,瑕疵并产生高额的转港费用; 6.按L/C条款逐条核对,不能做到的条款/文件,必须删除。
2012-2-28 6
六,T/T的注意事项
1.前T/T、后T/T; 2.SHIPPER必须为我方; 3.最好能拿MASTER B/L, 不要指定FORWARDER; 4.如果指定FORWARDER, 必须拿ORIGINAL HOUSE B/L, 不能拿SWB、FCR; 5.如果空运货,只能做前T/T,货物上了飞机我们就拦不住了; 6.B/L的交寄要谨慎。
2012-2-28
8
2,提单的种类
AWB:Air Waybill 一般为不可转让的. : SWB:Sea Waybill 一般为不可转让的. : FCR:Forwarder's Cargo Receipt : HOUSE B/L:Bill of lading issued by forwarder : MASTER B/L:Ocean Bill of Lading : Express B/L: : A special facility granted by carrier under guarantees from shipper/consignee to release cargo to named consignee without presenting original B/L. /waybill ON BOARD B/L 要签章 OCEAN B/L Maritime B/L Combined Transport B/L Multimode Transport B/L
2012-2-28 10
CFS/CFS: : A kind of cargo movement by container. Delivered loose at origin point with vanning by carrier, devanned by carrier at destination, and picked up loose at destination. CY:Container Yard. : CY/CY: : Cargo loaded by shipper in a full container at origin and delivered to carrier's terminal at destination for pick up intact by consignee. DDC:Destination Delivery Charges. : FMC: FMC:Federal Maritime Commission MLB:( :(Mainland bridge) :( An intermodal system for transporting containers from/to a foreign country by water to/from a U.S. ocean port other than the arrival port by rail at through rates and documents.(小陆桥) THC: : Terminal Handling Charge. A charge assessed by the terminal for handling FCLs at ocean terminals Transit Port:Port of Discharge/注意L/C上是否有注明某个港口?
3,缩写、简称
AMS: : Automated Manifest System. An application that expedites the clearance of cargo for the subsequent release of containers when imported to the U.S. through electronic submission of cargo manifests in lieu of bulk paper manifests BAF: : Bunker Adjustment factor (BAF), or Bunker Surcharge (BSC) are surcharges assessed by the carrier to freight rates to reflect current cost of bunker. CAF: : Currency Adjustment Factor(欧洲) / YAS(Yen Appreciation Surcharge日本)
2012-2-28 9
Negotiable B/L: : Original bill of lading endorsed by shipper that is used for negotiating with banks. Non-negotiable B/L: : Copy of original bill of lading which cannot be negotiated with the bank.
2012-2-28
2
二,L/C的种类
1. Irrevocable L/C 不可撤销信用证, Revocable L/C 可撤销信用证; 2. L/C at sight 即期信用证, Usance L/C 远期信用证;
3.Transferable L/C 可转让信用证,
Untransferable L/C 不可转让信用证; 4. Divisible L/C 可分割信用证, Undivisible L/C 不可分割信用证; 5. Revolving L/C 循环信用证; 6. Confirmed L/C 保兑信用证, Unconfirmed L/C 不保兑信用证; …
2012-2-28 4
四,细述L/C文件要求
7.1.ORIGINAL CLEA “ON BOARD” OCEAN BILLS OF LADING CONSINGNED TO---NOTIFY PARTY---OLSO NOTIFY PARTY---MARKED---; 7.2.A SEPARATE SIGNED STATEMENT FROM--LISTING---(无童工、劳役等);百度文库7.3.INVOICE INDICATING---(PO、QTY、PRICE---); 7.4.PACKING LIST INDICATING---(PO、P‘KGS、 SKU、LCL/FCL--); 7.5.STATEMENT OF ORIGIN(C.O); 7.6.GSP CERTIFICATE(FORM A日本、欧洲、澳洲、 加拿大)FORM E(曼谷协定)产地证如要领事馆认证, 费用¥1000-2000/单,时间10-15天; 7.7.INSPECTION CERTIFICATE;
2012-2-28 5
7.8.INTERMODAL CERTIFICATE(美、加) 货柜运输要; 7.9.BENEFICIARY CERTIFICATE STATING THAT--(文件已寄出之类); 7.10.Fumigation消毒、熏蒸、热处理证书(费用¥1300/柜); 7.11.文件提示银行的时间期限。
2012-2-28
1
一,付款方式
1,D/P 付款交单,Document Against Payment; 付款交单, 信用证, 2,L/C 信用证,Letter of Credit(Documentary Credits) 赊账, 3,O/A 赊账,Open Account Purchase Order Payment; 电汇, 4,T/T 电汇,Telegraphic Transfer; 5,D/A.D/D… 5,D/A.D/D
2012-2-28
3
三,L/C的要点
1. Opener 开证人/Applicant 申请开证人; 2. Beneficiary 受益人;(中间商开的L/C, 收货人/通知人并 不是开证人, 做文件时要特别注意); 3. Advising Bank 通知行; 4. negotiation bank 议付行; 5. Date & Place of Expiry 期限; ; 6. Amount/Draft at (Sight for full invoice value of goods…) 开证总金额/付款值; 7. Partial/Transhipment分批/转运; 8. Documents Required 押汇文件; 9. 文件的交寄.
2012-2-28 11
七,进口货物的要求
1.目的地不能弄错; 2.最好能用海洋提单。
2012-2-28 7
八,外贸、运输词汇
1,成交方式
CNF: CNF:COST AND FREIGHT CIF: CIF:COST、INSURANCE AND FREIGHT COD: COD:COLLECT (CASH) ON DELIVERY DDP: DDP:DELIVERY DUTY PAID DDU: DDU:DELIVERY DUTY UNPAID EX WORKS:EX WAREHOUSE等等 WORKS: FOB: FOB:FREE ON BOARD FCA: FCA:FREE CARRIER
五,L/C中的一些陷阱
1.有效期太短,正常情况为出货日期后1个月; 2.目的地偷换概念(IN TRANSIT TO ---); 3.提单的种类错误(指定FORWARDER,但要求出Maritime B/L); 4.押汇时间太短,正常情况为:日本等近洋航线3天,美、加、欧等远洋 航线7天; 5.出货后更改目的地,瑕疵并产生高额的转港费用; 6.按L/C条款逐条核对,不能做到的条款/文件,必须删除。
2012-2-28 6
六,T/T的注意事项
1.前T/T、后T/T; 2.SHIPPER必须为我方; 3.最好能拿MASTER B/L, 不要指定FORWARDER; 4.如果指定FORWARDER, 必须拿ORIGINAL HOUSE B/L, 不能拿SWB、FCR; 5.如果空运货,只能做前T/T,货物上了飞机我们就拦不住了; 6.B/L的交寄要谨慎。
2012-2-28
8
2,提单的种类
AWB:Air Waybill 一般为不可转让的. : SWB:Sea Waybill 一般为不可转让的. : FCR:Forwarder's Cargo Receipt : HOUSE B/L:Bill of lading issued by forwarder : MASTER B/L:Ocean Bill of Lading : Express B/L: : A special facility granted by carrier under guarantees from shipper/consignee to release cargo to named consignee without presenting original B/L. /waybill ON BOARD B/L 要签章 OCEAN B/L Maritime B/L Combined Transport B/L Multimode Transport B/L
2012-2-28 10
CFS/CFS: : A kind of cargo movement by container. Delivered loose at origin point with vanning by carrier, devanned by carrier at destination, and picked up loose at destination. CY:Container Yard. : CY/CY: : Cargo loaded by shipper in a full container at origin and delivered to carrier's terminal at destination for pick up intact by consignee. DDC:Destination Delivery Charges. : FMC: FMC:Federal Maritime Commission MLB:( :(Mainland bridge) :( An intermodal system for transporting containers from/to a foreign country by water to/from a U.S. ocean port other than the arrival port by rail at through rates and documents.(小陆桥) THC: : Terminal Handling Charge. A charge assessed by the terminal for handling FCLs at ocean terminals Transit Port:Port of Discharge/注意L/C上是否有注明某个港口?
3,缩写、简称
AMS: : Automated Manifest System. An application that expedites the clearance of cargo for the subsequent release of containers when imported to the U.S. through electronic submission of cargo manifests in lieu of bulk paper manifests BAF: : Bunker Adjustment factor (BAF), or Bunker Surcharge (BSC) are surcharges assessed by the carrier to freight rates to reflect current cost of bunker. CAF: : Currency Adjustment Factor(欧洲) / YAS(Yen Appreciation Surcharge日本)
2012-2-28 9
Negotiable B/L: : Original bill of lading endorsed by shipper that is used for negotiating with banks. Non-negotiable B/L: : Copy of original bill of lading which cannot be negotiated with the bank.
2012-2-28
2
二,L/C的种类
1. Irrevocable L/C 不可撤销信用证, Revocable L/C 可撤销信用证; 2. L/C at sight 即期信用证, Usance L/C 远期信用证;
3.Transferable L/C 可转让信用证,
Untransferable L/C 不可转让信用证; 4. Divisible L/C 可分割信用证, Undivisible L/C 不可分割信用证; 5. Revolving L/C 循环信用证; 6. Confirmed L/C 保兑信用证, Unconfirmed L/C 不保兑信用证; …
2012-2-28 4
四,细述L/C文件要求
7.1.ORIGINAL CLEA “ON BOARD” OCEAN BILLS OF LADING CONSINGNED TO---NOTIFY PARTY---OLSO NOTIFY PARTY---MARKED---; 7.2.A SEPARATE SIGNED STATEMENT FROM--LISTING---(无童工、劳役等);百度文库7.3.INVOICE INDICATING---(PO、QTY、PRICE---); 7.4.PACKING LIST INDICATING---(PO、P‘KGS、 SKU、LCL/FCL--); 7.5.STATEMENT OF ORIGIN(C.O); 7.6.GSP CERTIFICATE(FORM A日本、欧洲、澳洲、 加拿大)FORM E(曼谷协定)产地证如要领事馆认证, 费用¥1000-2000/单,时间10-15天; 7.7.INSPECTION CERTIFICATE;
2012-2-28 5
7.8.INTERMODAL CERTIFICATE(美、加) 货柜运输要; 7.9.BENEFICIARY CERTIFICATE STATING THAT--(文件已寄出之类); 7.10.Fumigation消毒、熏蒸、热处理证书(费用¥1300/柜); 7.11.文件提示银行的时间期限。