祈使句讲解及练习

第七讲祈使句

【观察一】

请仔细观察下列例句，你能补全结论部分所缺的内容吗

1. Tidy up your room, Sam.

2. Open the door, Anna.

3. Be careful when crossing the road.

【结论一】

祈使句是表示向对方发出_____ 、提出_____ 或要求，要对方做某事或不做某事，带有祈使语气的句子。主语为第二人称，但是常常被_____ 。

【观察二】

·

请仔细观察下列例句。

(A) (B)

1. Walk quickly, Tom! 1. Be a good boy, Tony.

2. Come in, please! 2. Be polite when you are there.

3. Open your books! 3. Be careful!

(C) (D)

1. I’m a little tired. Let’s have a rest. 1. Don’t stand up.

2. Let’s go shopping together. 2. Don’t be late again, Jack.

3. Don’t let him go! = Let him not go!

【结论二】

/

祈使句有肯定和否定两种形式。肯定式有三种常用句型：

1. ________ (+宾语) + 其他成分；

2. ______ + 表语（名词或_______）+ 其他成分；

3. _______ + _________ + 其他成分；

否定式有两种常用句型：

1. ______ + ________ (+宾语)+ 其他成分

2. _____ + ______ + 表语（名词或______ ）+其他成分。

【观察三】

1. Please turn off your phone.

2. Come in, please.

—

【结论三】

在祈使句中, 为了缓和语气, 使表达更委婉、有礼貌, 常常在_____ 或____加上______。

要记住，在英语口语中，当祈使句用来表达命令、要求时，用降调；当祈使句用来表达鼓励、请求，或者想使语气委婉一些，让人容易接受时，通常用升调。

【注意】：在公共场合的提示语中，否定祈使句常用“No＋名词/ V-ing 形式”结构，表

示“禁止做某事”。例如：NO PHOTOS! 禁止拍照！No parking!

【课堂练习】

一、选择最佳答案填空。

( )1. — Plea se____ to return my book by Friday. I’ll use it on Saturday.

*

---No problem. I’ll finish reading it on Thursday.

A. don’t forget

B. not to forget

C. not forget

D. forget not to ( ) 2. _____ late again, Mike!

A. Don’t to be

B. Don’t be

C. Not be

D. Be not ( ) 3. Kelly, _____ your homework here tomorrow.

A. bring

B. Brings

C. to bring

D. bringing

（）4. Please ____, they’re having a meeting.

A. not be so noisy

B. be quite

C. mustn’t talk

D. no speaking （）5. ____ to meet me at the station. I’ll be waiting there.

A. Not to forget

B. Not forget

C. Forget not

D. Don’t forget '

（）6. If you are tired, ______ a rest.

A. have

B. having

C. to have

D. had

（）7. ______ me go. It is very important for me.

A. Do let

B. Let do

C. Doing let

D. To do let （）8. He is not honest. ______ believe him.

A. Not

B. D on’t

C. To not

D. Not to

（）9. _____ up early tomorrow, or you can’t catch the train.

A. Getting

B. Get

C. To get

D. Got

（）10. _____ in the street. It’s dangerous.

A. Not play

B. Not to play

C. Don’t play

D. Don’t to play )

（）11. Please ______ me some money, will you

A. lend

B. lending

C. borrow

D. borrowing （）12. The film is about to begin. Please ______ seated.

A. be

B. are

C. is

D. being

（）13. ____ down the radio. The baby’s asleep in the next room.

A. Turning

B. To turn

C. Turned

D. Turn

（）14. Lucy, ____ the door or someone will come in.

A. close

B. closes

C. not close

D. is closing （）15. ____ and play football in the street after lunch.

A. Let’s not to go

B. Let’s not go

C. Let’s don’t go

D. Not let’s go