管理信息系统复习大纲(英文)

Chapter Outline:
1.1 The role of Information Systems in Business today(信息系统在现代商业中的角
色)
1.2 Perspectives on Information Systems and Information Technology(信息系统VS.
信息技术)
1.3 It Isn’t simply technology: The role of People and Organizations（人和组织的作
用）
1.4 Understanding Information Systems: A Business Problem-Solving Approach（解
决问题的途径）
1. Business Objectives of Information systems(Why Information Systems is so
essential today?)：★★★★★
Operational Excellence
New Products, Services, and Business Models
Customer and Supplier Intimacy
Improved Decision Making
Competitive Advantage
Survival
2. Information system：a set of interrelated components that collect, process, store,
and distribute information to support decision making and control in an organization. ★
3. Information VS Data ★★★★★
Information: data that have been shaped into a form that is meaningful and
useful to human beings.
Data: are streams of raw facts representing events occurring in
organizations or the physical environment before they have been organized and arranged into a form that people can understand and use.
4. Input, Output, Processing, Feedback（
反馈；回复；成果，资料）★
5. Business Processes: are logically related tasks and behaviors for accomplishing
work. (chapter2, p43) ★★★★★
6. problem-solving approach ★★
Chapter Outline:
2.1 Components of a Business(商务的构成)
2.2 Types of Business Information Systems(商务信息系统的类型)
2.3 Systems That Span the Enterprise(企业范围的系统)
2.4 The Information Systems Function in Business(信息系统的功能)
1. Basic Business Functions: ★★★
Sales and Marketing
Finance and Accounting
Manufacturing and Production
Human resources
2. Business Processes: the role of business processes in organization: the efficiency of
a business firm depends on how well its business processes are designed and coordinated. ★★★★★★
3. the hierarchy of management: ★★
Senior management
Middle management
Operational management
Knowledge workers
Data workers
Production or service workers
4. Types of Business Information Systems
Systems for Functional Perspective: Sales and Marketing Systems,
Manufacturing and Production Systems, Finance and Accounting Systems, Human Resources Systems
Systems from a Constituency Perspective: ★★★
Transaction Processing Systems(TPS),
Management Information Systems(MIS),
Decision-Support Systems(DSS),
Executive Support Systems(ESS)
5. Enterprise Applications: ★★★★★
Enterprise Systems
Supply Chain Management Systems
Customer Relationship Management Systems
Knowledge Management Systems
Chapter Outline:
3.1 Using Information Systems to Achieve Competitive Advantage(使用信息系统取
得竞争优势)
3.2 Competing on a Global Scale(全球竞争)
3.3 Competing on Quality and Design(质量和设计竞争)
3.4 Competing on Business Processes(业务流程竞争)
1. Types of Competitive Advantage ★★★★★
Barriers to entry that restrict supply
Demand control
Economies of Scale
Process efficiency
2. Information system strategies for dealing with competitive forces: ★★
Low-Cost leadership
Product differentiation
Focus on market niche
Strengthen customer and supplier intimacy
3. Value chain model ★★
4. best practices ★★★
5. core competency:
6. virtual company: uses networks to link people, assets（资产）, and ideas, enabling
it to ally （结盟）with other companies to create and distribute products and services without being limited by traditional organizational boundaries or physical locations. ★★
7. TQM, Six sigma ★★
8. BPR(business process reengineering): radical rethinking and redesign of business
processes to take advantage of information systems. How could it help business become more competitive? ★★★★
Chapter Outline:
8.1 Enterprise Systems
8.2 Supply Chain Management Systems
8.3 Customer Relationship Management Systems
8.4 Enterprise Applications: New Opportunities and Challenges
1. Enterprise software is built around thousands of predefined business processes
that reflect best practices. ★★★
2. MPS, MRP ★★★★★
3. Supply chain: a network of organizations and business processes for procuring
raw materials, transforming these materials into intermediate and finished products, and distributing the finished products to customers.
4. upstream, downstream ★★
5. just-in-time strategy ★★
6. bullwhip effect ★
7. push-based model, pull-based model ★★
8. Supply chain planning systems, supply chain execution systems ★★
9. CRM Systems capture and integrate customer data from all over the organization,
consolidate the data, analyze the data, and then distribute the results to various systems and customer touch points across the enterprise.
10. cross-selling, up-selling, bundling ★★
11. churn rate★
Chapter Outline:
9.1 Electronic Commerce and the Internet
9.2 Electronic Commerce
9.3 M-Commerce
9.4 Electronic Commerce payment systems
1. Information asymmetry ★★
2. Syndicator ★
3. digital wallet ★★
4. digital cash ★
Chapter Outline:
10.1 Decision making and information systems
10.2 Systems for decision support
10.3 Intelligent systems for decision support
10.4 Systems for managing knowledge
1. Types of decisions: ★★★
Structured decisions——Operational Management——TPS, MIS
Semistructured decisions——Middle Management——DSS
Unstructured decisions——Senior Management——ESS
2. Sensitivity analysis ★
3. GIS: Geographic information systems ★★
4. GDSS: Group decision-support system
5. expert system
6. case-based reasoning ★★
7. Knowledge Management ★
8. tacit knowledge ★
Chapter Outline:
11.1 Problem Solving and Systems Development
11.2 Understanding the Business Value of Systems and Managing Change
11.3 Alternative systems-building approaches
11.4 Modeling and Designing systems: Structured and Object-Oriented
methodologies
1. Problem solving: ★★★
Defining and understanding the problem
Develop alternative solutions
Choose the best solution
System analysis
System design
Implement the solution
2. feasibility study: financial, technical, and organizational ★
3. conversion: parallel strategy, direct cutover strategy, and phased approach
strategy ★
4. tangible benefits, intangible benefits
5. alternative systems-building approaches
Traditional systems development lifecycle
Prototyping ★★
End-user development
Application software packages and outsourcing
Rapid application development for e-business
6. Structured methodologies
7. Object-Oriented development ★★★。