管理信息系统外文翻译

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管理信息系统名词解析

管理信息系统名词解析管理信息系统（Management Information System，简称MIS）是现代企业中广泛应用的信息处理系统，它通过收集、处理、存储和传递数据，为组织内的管理层提供决策支持和业务分析等服务。

为了帮助读者更好地理解和应用MIS，本文将对一些与管理信息系统密切相关的名词进行解析。

一、ERP系统企业资源计划（Enterprise Resource Planning，简称ERP）系统是一种通过集成多个部门和业务功能的软件解决方案，旨在协调企业内部的各项资源，提高生产效率和管理水平。

它涵盖了财务管理、供应链管理、客户关系管理等各个方面，并通过数据共享和协同工作来提升企业的整体运营效能。

二、CRM系统客户关系管理（Customer Relationship Management，简称CRM）系统是一种用于管理公司与客户之间关系的软件工具。

它通过集中整合客户数据、跟踪销售过程、分析市场趋势等方式，帮助企业更好地了解客户需求、提高客户满意度、增加销售额和客户忠诚度。

CRM系统也能够提供个性化的营销策略和客户服务，为企业提供可持续发展的竞争优势。

三、SCM系统供应链管理（Supply Chain Management，简称SCM）系统是一种帮助企业有效管理供应链的软件工具。

供应链包括供应商、制造商、分销商和客户等各个环节，SCM系统通过信息技术的支持，实现资源的合理配置、生产计划的优化、库存的最小化等目标。

通过实时的数据共享和协同协作，SCM系统能够提高供应链的效率和协调性，降低企业的运营成本，提高客户服务质量。

四、BI系统商业智能（Business Intelligence，简称BI）系统是一种通过数据采集、整合、分析和展示等方式，为企业的决策者提供实时、准确的信息支持。

它能够从多个信息源获取数据，进行数据挖掘和模式识别，帮助企业管理层制定更符合市场需求和竞争趋势的决策。

BI系统通过直观的图表、报表和仪表盘展示数据，使决策者能够更全面地了解企业的经营状况和潜在的商机，从而更好地规划和管理企业的发展。

管理信息系统【外文翻译】

外文翻译原文Management Information SystemMaterial Source: High Technology Letters, Computer Science Pr. 2003（5）.Author: McFadden F.RIt is the MIS(Management Information System ) that we constantly say that the management information system , and is living to emphasize the administration , and emphasizes that it changes into more and more significantly and more and more is universalized in the contemporary community of message . MIS is a fresh branch of learning, and it leaped over several territories, and for instance administers scientific knowledge, system science, operational research, statistic along with calculating machine scientific knowledge. Is living on these the branches of learning base, and takes shape that the message is gathered and the process means, thereby take shape the system that the crossbar mingles.1. The Management Information System Summary20 centuries, in the wake of the flourishing development of whole world economy, numerous economists propose the fresh administration theory one by one. Xi Men propose the administration and was dependent on idea to message and decision of strategic importance in the 50’s 20 centuries. The dimension of simultaneous stage is admitted issuing cybernetics, and he thinks that the administration is a control procedure. In 1958, Ger. write the lid: “the administration shall obtain without delay with the lower cost and exact message, completes the better control “. This particular period, the calculating machine starts being used accountancy work. The data handling term has risen.In 1970, Walter T.Kennevan give administration that has raised the only a short while ago information system term to get off a definition: “ either the cover of the book shape with the discount, is living appropriately time to director, staff member along with the outside world personnel staff supplies the past and now and message that internal forecasting the approaching relevant business reaches such environment, in order to assist they make a strategic decision”. Is living in this definition to emphasize, yet does not emphasize using the pattern, and mention the calculating machine application in the way of the message support decision of strategicimportance.In 1985, admonishing information system originator, title Buddhist nun Su Da university administration professor Gordon B.Davis give the management information system relatively integrated definition, in immediate future “ administer the information system is one use calculating machine software and hardware resources along with data bank man - the engine system.It be able to supply message support business either organization operation, administration or the decision making function. Comprehensive directions of this definition management information system target and meritorious service capacity and component, but also make known the management information system to be living the level that attains at that time.1.1The Developing History of MISThe management information system is living the most primarily phase is counting the system, the substance which researched is the regular pattern on face between the incremental data, it what may separate into the data being mutually related and more not being mutually related series, afterwards act as the data conversion to message.The second stage is the data are replaced the system, and it is that the SABRE that the American airline company put up to in the 50’s 20 centuries subscribes to book the bank note system that such type stands for. It possess 1008 bank note booking spots, and may access 600000 traveler keep the minutes and 27000 flight segments record. Its operation is comparatively more complex, and is living whatever one “spot ”wholly to check whether to be the free place up some one flight numbers. Yet through approximately attending school up to say, it is only a data and replaces the system, for instance it can not let know you with the bank note the selling velocity now when the bank note shall be sell through, thereby takes remedying the step. As a result it also is administer information system rudimentary phase.The third phase is the status reports system, and it may separate into manufacture state speech and service state and make known and research the systems such as status reports and so on. Its type stands for the production control system that is the IBM corporation to the for instance manufacture state speech system. As is known to all, the calculating machine corporation that the IBM corporation is the largest on the world, in 1964 it given birth to middle-sized calculating machine IBM360 and causes the calculating machine level lift a step, yetform that the manufacture administration work. Yet enormously complicatedly dissolve moreover, the calculating machine overtakes 15000 difference components once more, in addition the plant of IBM extends all over the American various places to every one components once more like works an element, and the order of difference possess difference components and the difference element, and have to point out that what element what plant what installation gives birth to, hence not merely giving birth to complexly, fitting, installation and transportation wholly fully complex. Have to there be a manufacture status reports system that takes the calculating machine in order to guarantee being underway successfully of manufacture along with else segment as the base. Hence the same ages IBM establish the systematic AAS of well-developed administration it be able to carry on 450 professional work operations. In 1968, the corporation establishes the communal once more and manufactures informationsystem CMIS and runs and succeeds very much, the past needs 15 weeks work, that system merely may be completed in the way of 3 weeks.It is the data handling system that the status reports system still possess one kind of shape , and that it is used for handles the everyday professional work to make known with manufacture , and stress rests with by the handwork task automation , and lifts the effectiveness with saves the labor power . The data handling system ordinarily can not supply decision of strategic importance message.Last phase is the support systems make a strategic decision, and it is the information system being used for supplementary making a strategic decision. That system may program and the analysis scheme, and goes over key and the error solve a problem. Its proper better person-machine dialogue means, may with not particularly the personnel staff who have an intimate knowledge of the calculating machine hold conversation. It ordinarily consists of some pattern so as to come into being decision of strategic importance message, yet emphasize comprehensive administration meritorious service capacity.1.2 The Application of Management Information SystemThe management information system is used to the most base work, like dump report form, calculation pay and occurrences in human tubes and so on, and then developing up business financial affairs administrations and inventory control and so on individual event operational control , this pertains to the electron data handling ( EDP Data Processing ) system . When establish the business data bank, thereby possess the calculating machine electric network to attain data sharing queen , theslave system concept is start off , when the implementation the situation as a whole is made program and the design information system ,attained the administration information system phase . In the wake of calculating machine technique progress and the demand adjust the system of people lift further, people emphasize more furthermore administer the information system phase. Progress and people in the wake of the calculating machine technique lift at the demand adjust the system further, people emphasize more furthermore to administer the information system whether back business higher level to lead makes a strategic decision this meritorious service capacity, still more lay special emphasis on the gathering to the external message of business and integrated data storehouse, model library , means storehouse and else artificial intelligence means whether directly to decision of strategic importance person , this is the support system ( DDS ) mission making a strategic decision.There is the part application that few business start MIS inner place the limit of the world at the early days of being living in the 70’s 20 centuries. Up at the moment, MIS is living, and there be the appropriatePopularization rate in every state nation in world, and nearly covered that every profession reaches every department.1.3 The Direction of MIS DevelopmentClose 20 curtains; external grand duke takes charge of having arisen3 kinds of alternations:A. Paying special attention to the administration being emphasized toestablishing MIS’s system, and causing the administration te chnique headfor the ageing.B. The message is the decision of strategic importance foundation, and MISsupplies the message service in the interest of director at all times.C. Director causes such management program getting in touch with togetherwith the concrete professional work maneuver by means of MIS. notmerely big-and-middle-sized business universally establish MIS somesmall-size business also not exceptions of self, universally establish thecommunal data network, like the electronic mail and electron dataexchange and so on, MIS supplied the well support environment to theapplication of Intranet’s technique to speedily developing of INTERNETespecially in the past few years in the interest of the business.Through international technique develo pment tendency is see, in the 90’s 20centuries had arisen some kinds of brand-new administration technique.（1）Business Processes Rebuild (BPR)A business should value correctly time and produce quality, manufacturing cost and technical service and so on several section administrations, grip at the moment organization and the process compose once more,andcompletes that meritorious service capacity integrationist, operation processization and organization form fluctuation. Shall act as the service veer of middle layer management personnel staff the decision of strategic importance of the director service?（2）Intelligentization Decision Support System (IDSS)The intelligentization decision of strategic importance support system was sufficiently consider demand and the work distinguishing feature of business higher level personnel staff.（3）Lean Production (LP)Application give birth to on time, comprehensive quality control and parallel project that picked amount is given birth to and so on the technique, the utmost product design cutting down and production cycle, raise produce quality and cuts down the reproduced goods to reserve, and is living in the manufacture promote corps essence, in order to meet the demand that client continuously changes.（4）Agile Manufacture (AM)One kind of business administration pattern that possess the vision, such distinguishing feature is workers and staff members’ quality is high, and the organization simplifies and the multi-purpose group effectiveness GAO message loading is agile and answers client requires swiftly.2. The Effect To The Business Administration of MIS DevelopmentThe effect to the business administration of the management information system development is administered the change to business and business administration of information system development and come into being and is coming into being the far-reaching effect with.Decision of strategic importance, particularly strategic decision-making may be assisted by the administration information system, and its good or bad directly affects living and the development up the business. The MIS is impeding the orientation development that the administration means one another unites through quality and ration. This express to utilize the administration in the calculation with the different mathematical model the problem in the quantitative analysis business. The past administer that the problem is difficult to test, but MIS may unite theadministration necessaries, and supply the sufficient data, and simulates to produce the term in the interest of the administration.In the wake of the development of MIS, much business sit up the decentralized message concentration to establish the information system ministry of directly under director, and the chief of information system ministry is ordinarily in the interest of assistant manager’s grade. After the authority of business is centralized up high-quality administration personnel staff’s hand, as if causing much sections office work decrease, hence someone prophesy, middle layer management shall vanish. In reality, the reappearance phase employed layer management among the information system queen not merely not to decrease, on the contrary there being the increase a bit.This is for, although the middle layer management personnel staff getting off exonerate out through loaded down with trivial details daily routine, yet needs them to analyses researching work in the way of even more energy, lift further admonishing the decision of strategic importance level. In the wake of the development of MIS, the business continuously adds to the demand of high technique a talented person, but the scarce thing of capability shall be washed out gradually. This compels people by means of study and cultivating, and continuously lifts individual’s quality. InThe wake of the news dispatch and electric network and file transmission system development, business staff member is on duty in many being living incomparably either the home. Having caused that corporation save the expenses enormously, the work efficiency obviously moves upward American Rank Zeros corporation the office system on the net, in the interest of the creativity of raise office personnel staff was produced the advantageous term.At the moment many countries are fermenting one kind of more well-developed manufacturing industry strategy, and become quickly manufacturing the business. It completely on the basis of the user requirement organization design together with manufacture, may carry on the large-scale cooperation in the interest of identical produce by means of the business that the flow was shifted the distinct districts, and by means of the once more programming to the machinery with to the resources and the reorganization of personnel staff , constituted a fresh affrication system, and causes that manufacturing cost together with lot nearly have nothing to do with. Quickly manufacturing the business establishes a whole completely new strategy dependence relation against consumer, and is able to arouse the structure ofproduction once more revolution.The management information system is towards the self-adoption and Self-learning orientation development, the decision procedure of imitation man who is be able to be better. Some entrepreneurs of the west vainly hope that consummate MIS is encircles the magic drug to govern the business all kinds of diseases; Yet also someone says, and what it is too many is dependent on the defeat that MIS be able to cause on the administration. It is adaptable each other to comprehend the effect to the business of MIS, and is favor of us to be living in development and the research work, and causes the business organization and administer the better development against MIS of system and administration means, and establish more valid MIS.译文资料来源：Computer Suence Pr. 计算机科学（2003.5）作者：McFadden F.R管理信息系统MIS （Management Information System），它就是我们所说的管理信息系统，它强调在生活上的应用，并且在当今信息社会普及的背景下应用得越来越广泛。

管理信息系统ManagementInformationSystem课件

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HRM通过招聘、培训、绩效管理、薪酬福利等手段，激发员工
的潜力和创造力，提高员工的工作积极性和满意度。
HRM还能够帮助企业实现人力资源的优化配置，提高人力资源
03
的利用效率。
电子商务（EC）
01
02
03
电子商务（EC）是指利用互联网和电子技术进
行的商业活动。
EC通过在线销售、在线支付、物流配送等方式，实现商业交易的电子
系统架构设计
设计系统的整体结构，包括硬件和软件配置。
数据库设计
设计系统数据库结构，确定数据存储和访问方式。
系统开发与实现
1 2
编程语言和工具选择
根据系统设计和需求选择合适的编程语言和开发工具。
模块开发与实现
按照系统设计，逐个实现系统功能模块。
3
数据迁移与集成
将旧系统数据迁移到新系统中，实现数据集成。
软件测试与维护
进行全面的软件测试和维护，确保系统的稳定性和可靠性。
数据安全与隐私保护
数据加密与备份
采用数据加密和备份技术，防止数据丢失和被非法访问。
访问控制与权限管理
建立完善的访问控制和权限管理制度，确保数据的安全性和完整性。
隐私政策与合规性
遵循相关法律法规和隐私政策，保护用户个人隐私和信息安全。
云计算技术
通过虚拟化、分布式计算等技术，实现资源共享、灵活扩展和高效管理，为企业提供便捷、可靠的计算和存储服务。
融合发展
将云计算技术与管理信息系统进行深度融合，实现系统资源的动态管理和按需服务，提高系统的可用性和可靠性。
管理信息系统在数字化转型中的作用与挑战
作用
管理信息系统是数字化转型的重要支撑，通过数据整合、流程优化等功能，推动企业实现数字化转型，提高运营效率和竞争力。

管理信息系统 Management Information System

管理信息系统Management Information System信息系统是由人、硬件、软件、网络和数据库组成的。

它可以在组织中收集、处理和传播信息。

Information system has five primary components: Hardware .Software .Data (information for decision making) 4.) Procedures (design, development and documentation), and 5.) People.信息系统的活动：搜集信息，处理信息，保存信息，传递信息，输出信息。

Activity of information system: collecting information, disposing information, saving information, spread information and transferring information.Management information systems are distinct from other information systems because they are used to analyze and facilitate （help）strategic and operational activities.Enterprise systems—also known as enterprise resource planning(ERP) systems—provide integrated software modules and a unified database that personnel use to plan, manage, and control core business processes across multiple locations. Modules of ERP systems may include finance, accounting, marketing, human resources, production, inventory management, and distribution.Supply chain management (SCM) systems enable more efficient management of the supply chain by integrating the links in a supply chain. This may include suppliers, manufacturers, wholesalers, retailers, and final customers.Customer relationship management (CRM) systems help businesses manage relationships with potential and current customers and business partners across marketing, sales, and service.Knowledge management system (KMS) helps organizations help the collection, recording, organization, retrieval（search）, and spread of knowledge. This may include documents, accounting records, unrecorded procedures, practices, and skills. Knowledge management (KM) as a system covers the process of knowledge creation and acquisition from internal processes and the external world. The collected knowledge is incorporated in organizational policies and procedures, and then disseminated to the stakeholders.这门课向我们介绍了信息系统的活动，电脑的结构，然后向我们介绍了数据库的请求语言，网络操作，包括信息输出媒介，连接部分和网络协议。

实验室管理信息系统外文翻译

实验室管理信息系统外文翻译nXXX universities。

The management of these laboratories is a critical component of the overall management system。

Implementing scientific and modern management practices can XXX the level of teaching and research。

The laboratory n management system utilizes computer XXX n to manage computer are。

hardware systems。

and testing through the n of computer technology and management science.nXXX ns。

With the help of computer orks。

these XXX n。

The system can manage laboratory resources。

including equipment。

materials。

and personnel。

and provide real-time data on laboratory ns.The laboratory n management system can also XXX。

The system can automate data n and analysis。

cing the time and effort required for manual data entry。

The system can also streamline laboratory workflows。

XXX.XXX efficiency。

the laboratory n management system can enhance the quality of teaching and research。

管理信息系统英语结构表达法

管理信息系统英语结构表达法管理信息系统（Management Information System，简称MIS）是指在组织中使用计算机和通信技术来收集、处理、存储和传递信息的系统。

它是一个综合性的系统，由硬件、软件、数据库、网络和人员组成，旨在支持管理决策和组织运营。

MIS的英语结构表达法可以根据不同的方面进行解释。

以下是一些常见的MIS相关术语及其解释：1. Management Information System (MIS)MIS refers to a comprehensive system that utilizes computer and communication technologies to collect, process, store, and transmit information within an organization. It comprises hardware, software, databases, networks, and personnel, and is designed to support managerial decision-making and organizational operations.2. HardwareHardware refers to the physical components of a computer system, such as the central processing unit (CPU), memory, storage devices, input devices (e.g., keyboard, mouse), and output devices (e.g., monitor, printer). It provides the necessary infrastructure for running softwareand storing data.3. SoftwareSoftware refers to the programs, instructions, and data that control and operate computer hardware. It includes operating systems, application software, and utility programs. Operating systems manage computer resources, while application software enables specific tasks or functions to be performed, such as word processing or data analysis.4. DatabaseA database is an organized collection of data that is stored and accessed electronically. It consists of tables, records, and fields, where tables represent entities, records represent individual instances, and fields represent specific data elements. Databases enable efficient storage, retrieval, and manipulation of data for use in MIS.5. NetworkA network is a collection of interconnected devices, such as computers, servers, and routers, that facilitate communication and information sharing. Networks can be local area networks (LANs), connecting devices within a limited geographical area, or wide area networks (WANs), connecting devices across larger distances. They enable datatransmission and resource sharing among users in an MIS.6. PersonnelPersonnel in an MIS context refer to the individuals who operate, maintain, and utilize the system. They include IT professionals responsible for system administration, database management, software development, and user support. Personnel play a crucial role in ensuring the effective functioning and utilization of MIS within an organization.以上是对管理信息系统英语结构表达法的解释，希望能够对您有所帮助。

管理信息系统英文教材

管理信息系统英文教材
管理信息系统（Management Information Systems，简称MIS）是一个涵盖广泛的领域，因此，可以选择多本不同的英文教材来深入学习。

以下是一些推荐的管理信息系统英文教材：
"Introduction to Management Information Systems"，作者：Stephen A. Zefon
"Management Information Systems: A Business Perspective"，作者：William R. Davidson
"Management Information Systems: An Integrated Approach"，作者：Efraim Turban，David King，Jeffrey L. Vansickle "Information Technology for Management: An Integrated Approach"，作者：Robert S. Kaplan
"Management Information Systems: The Key Elements"，作者：John A. Zachman
这些教材都是管理信息系统领域的经典之作，内容涵盖了管理信息系统的基本概念、技术、应用和管理等方面。

选择一本适合自己的教材，结合实际案例和实践经验进行学习，有助于深入理解管理信息系统的原理和应用。

美国留学管理信息系统全面解析

美国留学管理信息系统全面解析管理信息系统（Management Information System， MIS）一门“研究组织如何有效的利用与管理‘信息技术’管理信息系统来支持其‘营运能力’达到提升‘经营效率与策略目标’的学问”。

下面是小编为大家带来的留学管理信息系统全面解析！美国留学管理信息系统全面解析管理信息系统（Management Information System，简称MIS）是一个以人为主导，利用计算机硬件、软件、网络通信设备以及其他办公设备，进行信息的收集、传输、加工、储存、更新和维护，以企业战略竞优、提高效益和效率为目的，支持企业的高层决策、中层控制、基层运作的集成化的人机系统。

完整的MIS应包括：决策支持系统（DSS）、工业控制系统（CCS）、办公自动化系统（OA）以及数据库、模型库、方法库、知识库和与上级机关及外界交换信息的接口。

办公自动化系统（OA）、与上级机关及外界交换信息等都离不开Intranet（企业内部网）的应用。

1、课程设置就美国目前的MIS 教育状况而言，该学科主要涉及以下一些专业领域：信息系统（Information Systems ）：包括Data Communication 、Database 、Programming Language 、Client/Server Computing 、 System Analysis and Design 等内容。

管理科学（Management Sciences ）：包括Mathematical Programming 、 Optimization 、 Operation Research 等内容。

生产运营管理（Production and Operations Management ）：包括 Decision Theory 、 Organization Theory 等内容。

统计学（Statistics ）其它专业领域：包括 Marketing 、 Finance 、 Management 、Accounting 、 Business Law 、 Economics 等等。

管理信息系统中英文翻译资料

中文4480字Managemengt Information SystemsBy a management information system,we propose the follow alternate definition: an integrated uer/machine system (usually computerized) for providing information to support decision making in an enterprise.The key elements of this definition are—An integrated uer/machine system—For proving information—To support decision making—In an enterpriseA management information system utilizes—Computer hardware and software—Manual procedures—Models for analysis—A databaseJust as there is a logical flow of materials in the creation of a product, there is logical flow of information in a management information system.In manufacturing,raw materials move through a process that transforms the raw materials into usable products. In a similar fashion, in an information system,data are supplied to a system(input), the data are manipulated(processed),and they are transformed into information(output).In its simplest form ,a management information systemed may be depicted by an input-process-output(IPO) model (Fig.10.1). An understanding of this model is worthwhile becaue it can be used to represent all MISs.Note in that figure that the MIS, through its processing technology (of collecting, coding,storing,processing,decoding,and reporting), transforms the datacoming into an enterprise into usable information. Fig.10.1 An Input-Process-Output Medel of a Management Information SystemWe may further enhance our understanding of management informationsystems by discussing their general function and major elements. These systems exist in most enterprises, whether public or private, primarily to assist management in improving revenues, reducing costs and managing assets. Therefore, improving the performance of an enterprise is the ultimate objective of management infoemation systems- not the storage of data, the generation of reports,or even ”getting the right information to the right person at the right time.” And MIS can best improve an enterprise ’s performance by helping to improve the quality of managerial decisions. Transaction processing (TP), reporting systems(RS), and decision-support systems(DSS) are the major elements of a management infortion system.The primary role of TP in an enterprise is the collection, storage,and processing of data in such a way that transactions within an enterprise are described and thus the procedural actions of the enterprise supported .More specifically, a TP system may be viewed as a computer-based means of capturing transaction so that may be recreated. The out of a transaction-processing system includes stored transaction images, documents needed by an enterprise to fulfill its mainstream purposes(invoices,production orders,shipping orders,purchase orders, mailing lists, pay checks, work orders,and so forth), and listings of transaction that have occurred over a period of time (for confirmation or references).Reporting systems(RS) and decision-support systems (DSS) often are Inputs Transforation Process Outputs Information ProcessingTechnologyDataconfused with each other and thus misunderstood. Yet, each has a clear orientation. And distinctions may be drawn in terms of their areas of impact on the payoff to an enterprise and their relevance to a manager. So an RS provides standardized reports based on well-known policies, procedures, and rules. And a DSS provides information to help management with new , unstructured decision making.A pyramid may be used to illustrate the dimensions of an information system(Fig.10.2).The vertical dimension represents the levels of management (first-line, middle, and top management) , and the horizontal dimension represents the main functional areas of a business firm (for example, marketing, production, and finace).The depth dimension indicates the major management information systems that provide support for managerial activities: the structured and required reporting systems(RS) and decisionmaking system(DSS) . These dimensions rest on a base of transactions processing(TP).ManagerialLexelsDSSFinance Production Marketing MISTransaction PocessingFig.10.2 The Dimension of a Management Information System As the figure illustrates, RS and DSS (drawing on the TP system ) are utilized at all managerial levels and acress all function areas . There, it is te management information system(of TP ,RS ,and DSS ) that integratesboth the level of management and functional areas .To further demonstrate how the subsystems fit together, the definition of MIS is recreated in the following table , with the components of MIS related to the defintional frame work.Table10.1 Definition of Management Information System (MIS)MIS SubsystemsA management information system is.An integrated user/machine system .Computer, models.For providing information .System output.To support decision making .MIS.DSS.OR/MS. In an enterprise .Frameworkforthe informationThe system utilizes.Computer hardware and software .Computer system.Manual procedures .Books,manuals,people.Models for analysis .Operations research.A database .Computer ,people Developing a compensation plan to pay executive, managerial, and professional employees is similar in many respects to developing a play for and employees. The basic aims of the plan are the same in that the goal is to attract good employees and maintain their commitment. Furthermore, the basic methods of job evaluation , classifying jobs, ranking them , or assigning points to them ,for instance, are about as applicable to managerial and professional jobs as to production and clerical ones.1)Yet for managerial and professional jobs , job evaluation provides only a partial answer to the question of how to pay these employees, Suchjobs tend to emphasize nonquantifiable factor like judgment and problem solving more than do production and clerical jobs . There is also a tendency to pay manager and professionals based on abilitybased on their performance or on what they can do – rather than on the basis of static job demands like working conditions. Developing compensation plans for managers and professionals, therefore, tends to be relatively complex,2) and evaluation, while still important, usually plays a secondary issues, like bonuses, incentives, and benefits.Compensation Managers There are five elements in a manager’s compensation package: salary, benefits, short-term incentive, long-term incentives, and perquisites.The amount of salary managers are paid usually depends on the value of the person’s work to organization and how well the person is discharging his or her responsibilities.3)AS with other jobs , the value of the person’s work is usually determined through job analysis and salary surveys and salary surveys and the resulting fine tuning of salary levels.Salary is the cornerstone of executive compensation : It is on this element that the others are layered, with benefits, incentives , and perquisites normally awarded in some proportion to the manager’s base pay .4) There is considerable disagreement regarding what determines executive pay and, therefore , whether top executives are worth what are paid . At the lower-management levels(like first-line supervisor),there is no debate ; supervisors’pay grades are usually set so that their median salaries are 10% to 25% above those of the highest-paid workers supervised. And many employers even pay supervisors for scheduled overtime, although the Fair Labor Standards Act does not require them todo so.It is at the top-management levels that questions regarding pay abound . The traditional wisdom is that a top manager’s salary is closely tied to the size of the firm . Yet two experts who tested this idea for the 148 highest-paid executives in the United States concluded that the level of executive responsibility (as measured by total assets, total sales,total number of shares in the company, total value of the shares, and total corporate profits) is not an important variable in determing executive compensation . Instead , say these experts , an executive’s pay is mostly determined by the industry in which he or she works, and the corporate power structure ,since executives who also serve on their firms’ boards of directors can heavily influence how they get paid.Yet there is conflicting evidence. In one study , for instance , the researcher found that a statistical analysis of the total cash compensation of the chief executive officers of 129 companies showed that they were paid for both responsibility and performance. This researcher fond that four compensable factors-company size , profitability, number of employees, and experience-accounted for 83% of the differences in pay .Therefore, it appears that there are rational, acceptable , and abiding principles that govern the total cash compensation of top executives in manufacturing firms.In any case, shareholder activism is combining with congressional reform and other changes to tighten up the restrictions on what firms pay their top executives . For example, the Securities and Exchange Commission voted in 1992 to approve final rules rules regarding executive compensation communications.The chief executive officer’s pay is always to be disclosed as well as other officers’pay if theircompensation( salary and bonus) exceeds $100,000.5 And for bankers,the Federal Deposit Insurance Act of 1991 contains a prohibition on excessive compensation. One result is that boards of directors must act responsibly in reviewing and setting executive pay . That , says one expert, includes determining the key performance requirements of the executive’s job; assessing the appropriateness of the firm’s current compensation practices ; conducting a pay-for-performance survey; and testing shareholder acceptance of the board’s pay proposals.The general trend today is to reduce the acceptance of base salary and boost the importance of short-and long-term executive incentives. The main issue here is identifying the appropriate performance measures for each type of incentive and then determining how to link these to pay . Typical short-term measures of shareholder value include revenue growth and operating profit margin. Long-term shareholder value measures include rate of return above some predetermined base.Compensating professional employees Compensating nonsupervisory professional employees like engineers and scientists presents unique problems. 6) Analytical jobs put a heavy premium on creativity and problem solving, compensable factors not easily compared or measured. Furthermore, the professional’s economic impact on the firm is often related only indirectly to the person’s actual efforts; for example,the success of an engineer’s invention depends on many factors, like how well it is produced and marketed.The job evaluation methods we explained previously can be used for evaluating professional jobs. The compensable factors here tend to focus on problem solving , creativity, job scope, and technical knowledge and expertise. Both the point method and factor comparison methods havebeen used , although the job classification method seems most popular . Here a series of grade descriptions are written, and each position is slotted into the grade having the most appropriate definition.Yet，in praction, traditional methods of job evaluation are rarely used for professional jobs since “it is simply not possible to identify factors and degrees of factors which meaningfully differentiate among the values of professional work ”. “Knowledge and the skill of applying it ,” as one expert notes , “are extremely difficult to quantify and measure.”As a result , most employers use a market-pricing approach in evaluating professional jobs . They price professional jobs in the marketplace to the best of their ability to establish the values for benchmark jobs . These benchmark jobs and the employer’s other professional jobs are then slotted into a salary structure. Specifically, each professional discipline ( like mechanical engineering or electrical engineering ) usually ends up having four to six grade levels , each of which requires a fairly broad salary range . This approach helps ensure that the emplpyer remains competitive when bidding for professionals whose attainments vary widely and whose potential employers are literally found worldwide.Manager must assume certain roles in order to accomplish the different objectives for which they are responsible. In addition , all managers must possess specific managerial skills if they are to adequately perform the function .Managerial RolesHenry Mintzberg’s studies of executive behavior led him to conclude that managers are required to assume a variety of roles . A role is a set of expected behaviors for a specific position. 1) Mintzberg’s rolescan be grouped into three main categories: interpersonal , informational , and decisional . Mintzberg’s believed that all three roles are common to all levels of management. They provide an interesting perspective of the functions of management.2) Interperesonal roles result form the fact that managers are called upon to interact with numerous groups and individuals. The three interpersonal roles are figurehead, leader , and liaison . The figurehead role refers to ceremonial duties such as throwing out the first pitch for company-sponsored Little League game . The leadership role refers to the manager’s work in motivating subordinates to meet the unit’s objectives. The liaison role comes form the manager’s responsibility to interact with various groups both within and outside the organization .Informational roles exist because managers are important conduits of information in the organization . Managers spend a great deal of their time collecting and disseminating information. The three informational roles are information nerve center, disseminator, and spokesperson . The nerve center role means that the manager is the major information receiver within the work unit . The disseminating role refers to the task of informing subordinates of information that is implemented to them and necessary for their job performance.. 3) The spokesperson role is implemented when the manager communicates with parties outside the organization ; a speech at the local Lions Club would be an example.Decisional roles refer to management’s decision-making process. The four managerial roles in this category are entrepreneur, disturbance handler, resource allocator, and negotiator . A manager assumes an entrepreneurial role when he or she initiates projects to improve the department or work unit . When problems such as a missed delivery to akey customer arise , the manager must adopt a disturbance handling role .4) The decision on how to allocate the unit’s money , time, materials, and other resources is referred to as the manager’s resourc e allocator role. Finally , the negotiator role refers to situations where the manager must represent the unit’s interests with others , such as suppliers , customers, and government .The Skill Needed for Effective Management：What skills do managers need to possess? 5) Noted management authority Rober L.Katz has suggested three specific skills that are required in all typed of managerial situations .Katz’s managerial skills relate to technical . interpersonal, and cobceptual factors in the manager’s job.Technical skills refer to the ability to use various tools and methods to accomplish specific managerial aspects of a work task. A good illustration of the importance of technical skill is the factory supervisor who must be familiar with how machinery works in order to correct problems that may arise on the plant floor.Interpersonal skills refer to the ability to lead , motivate , and communicate with people to accomplish certain objectives. Interpersonal skills are also important during interactions with supervisors and people outside the work unit such as vendors , customers,and the public. These skills are important at all levels in the organization. A current adaptation of this skill is the cultural awareness nec essary to function in today’s workplace, with its ethnically diversified labor force.Copceptual skills refer to the ability understand and cording the full range of organizational objective and actives .This ability to analyze the entire organization is particularly important to top management. It is a necessary ingredient in the development of strategic plan for theorganization.管理信息系统我们对管理信息系统提出以下定义，即一种为企业决策提供信息的集成用户/计算机系统。

Management Information System(Chapter1-2)管理信息系统双语教学课件

Channels of communication
1. 2. 3. 4. Telephone Written reports Face-to-face Newspapers, journals, magazines 5. Internet (email, QQ, MSN,
Workgroup, Activity Directory, BBS and so on)
Others about the Unit
1. Unit Time: 60 hours 2. Unit Credit: 4 credits 3. Material Required for this Unit:
/zh-cn/powerpoint/FX100487762052.aspx
中文定义全文:
How dose a system work?
系统工作流程图
Input Process Output
Feedback loop
Monitored and ensure that systems are effective
What is a formal system?
一个正式的系统要具备:
Information flows within organization
1. Vertical information flows
2. Horizontal information flows
Thபைடு நூலகம் factors affect internal information flows
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. The structure of the organization Overall policy Procedures 公司业务流程 Management style 管理模式 Physical location of other branches 分支机构的地域条件

信息管理系统中英文对照外文翻译文献

中英文对照翻译信息管理系统对于“管理信息系统”并没有一致的定义。

一些作者喜欢用其他术语代替，例如：“信息处理系统”“信息与决策系统”“组织信息系统”，或者干脆将“信息系统”用组织内具有支持操作、管理、决策职能的计算机信息处理系统代替。

这篇文章使用“管理信息系统”一词，是因为它是通俗易懂的，当涉及组织信息系统时也常用“信息系统”代替“管理信息系统”。

一个管理信息系统的定义，通常被理解为：一种集成用户机器系统，为组织提供信息支持运作、管理、决策职能。

该信息系统利用计算机硬件和软件；手工处理程序；模拟分析法计划、控制和决策；和数据库。

事实上，它是一个集成系统并不意味着它是单一的，单块集成结构；相反，它意味着零件适合加入整体设计。

内容定义如下：计算机为主的用户机器系统理论上，管理信息系统可以脱离计算机上而存在，但是计算机的存在可以让管理信息系统可行。

问题不是计算机是否被使用在管理信息系统中，而是信息的使用被计算机化的程度。

用户机器系统的概念暗示了, 一些任务最好由人执行, 其他的最好由机器做。

MIS的使用者是那些负责输入输入数据、指示系统或运用系统信息产品的人。

因为许多问题，用户和计算机建立了一个联合系统，其结果通过一套在计算机和用户之间的相互作用得到。

用户机器的相互作用是由用户连接在计算机上的输入-输出设备（通常是一个视觉显示终端）推动的。

计算机可以使一台个人机器服务于一名用户或者一台大规模的机器为一定数量通过终端由通信线路连接的用户服务。

用户输入-输出设备允许直接输入数据和紧接着输出结果。

例如：一个人使用计算机交互的在金融理财上通过在终端键盘输入提交“如果什么，怎么办？”之类的问题，结果几秒钟后便被显示在屏幕上。

MIS的计算机为主的用户机器特征影响系统开发商和系统用户的知识要求。

“计算机为主”意味着管理信息系统的设计者必须拥有计算机和对处理有用的知识。

“用户机器”的概念意味着系统设计者也应该了解人作为系统组成部分（信息处理器）的能力和人作为信息使用者的行为。

管理信息系统managementinformationsystems简称mis

第一课、MIS的概念和开发严建渊1.1 前言1.2 MIS 的概念及解释1.3 MIS 的构造、特征及相关学科1.4 MIS的划分1.5 MIS的开发1.6 存在问题完毕语一、前言管理信息系统〔Management Information Systems 简称MIS〕在现代社会已深化到各行各业，由于计算机技术的迅速开展和普及，MIS 事实上已成为计算机MIS。

目前，由于开发高质量 MIS 的才能大大落后计算机硬件日新月异的进展，加上社会对MIS 开展和完善需求的增加以及对MIS开发过程中出现的错误认识和行为而导致MIS开发的失败,这些情况已严重阻碍了计算机技术的进步。

因此对MIS 有关的内容进展深化研究，进步工作效率，进步MIS开发成功率已变得非常重要。

二、 MIS 的概念及解释MIS 是一个不断开展的新型学科，MIS的定义随着计算机技术和通讯技术的进步也在不断更新，在现阶段普遍认为MIS 是由人和计算机设备或其他信息处理手段组成并用于管理信息的系统。

1.MIS的对象就是信息信息是经过加工的数据，信息是对决策者有价值的数据。

信息的主要特征是来源分散，数量庞大。

信息来源于消费第一线，来源于社会环境，来源于市场，来源于行政管理等部门。

信息具有时间性。

信息的加工方式有多种形式。

企业从信息管理的角度可划分为物流和信息流。

消费过程是一个物流的投入产出过程，且是不可逆的过程。

管理过程是信息流的过程，且具有信息反响的特征。

2、系统是由互相联络、互相作用的假设干要素按一定的法那么组成并具有一定功能的整体。

系统有两个以上要素，各要素和整体之间，整体和环境之间存在一定的有机联络。

系统由输入、处理、输出、反响、控制五个根本要素组成。

信息系统是输入的数据，经过处理，输出的是信息的系统。

如图二所示：3、管理信息由信息的采集、信息的传递、信息的储存、信息的加工、信息的维护和信息的使用五个方面组成。

任何地方只要有管理就必然有信息，假设形成系统就形成MIS。

信息管理与信息系统专业英语：专业词汇的中英文翻译和具体英文介绍

1. informationInformation, in its most restricted technical sense, is a sequence of symbols that can be interpreted as a message. Information can be recorded as signs, or transmitted as signals. Information is any kind of event that affects the state of a dynamic system. Conceptually, information is the message (utterance or expression) being conveyed. This concept has numerous other meanings in different contexts.[1] Moreover, the concept of information is closely related to notions of constraint, communication, control, data, form, instruction, knowledge, meaning, mental stimulus, pattern, perception, representation, and especially entropy.(信息,在其最受限制的技术意义上,是一个序列的符号,可以被解释为一个消息。

信息可以被记录为标志,或传输信号。

信息是任何类型的事件,影响一个动态系统的状态。

从概念上讲,信息是信息(话语或表达式)的表达。

这一概念具有许多其他在不同语境下的含义。

[1]此外,信息的概念密切相关的概念约束、通信、控制、数据、形式、指令、知识、意义,精神刺激,模式,感知的代表性,尤其是熵。

管理信息系统外文翻译

英文文献翻译二〇年月日科技文章摘译Definition of a Management Information SystemThere is no consensus of the definition of the term "management information system". Some writers prefer alternative terminology such as "information processing system", "information and decision system", "organizational information system", or simply "information system" to refer to the computer-based information processing system which supports the operations, management, and decision-making functions of an organization. This text uses “MIS” because it is descriptive and generally understood; it also frequently uses “information system” instead of “MIS” to refer to an organizational information system.A definition of a management information system, as the term is generally understood, is an integrated, user-machine system for providing information to support operations, management, and decision-making functions in an organization. The system utilizes computer hardware and software; manual procedures; models for analysis planning, control and decision making; and a database. The fact that it is an integrated system does not mean that it is a single, monolithic structure; rather, it means that the parts fit into an overall design. The elements of the definition are highlighted below.1 Computer-based user-machine systemConceptually, management information can exist without computer, but it is the power of the computer which makes MIS feasible. The question is not whether computers should be used in management information system, but the extent to which information use should be computerized. The concept of a user-machine system implies that some tasks are best performed by humans, while others are best done by machine. The user of an MIS is any person responsible for entering input data, instructing the system, or utilizing the information output of the system. For many problems, the user and the computer form a combined system with results obtained through a set of interactions between the computer and the user.User-machine interaction is facilitated by operation in which the user’s input-output device (usually a visual display terminal) is connected to the computer. The computer can be a personal computer serving only one user or a large computer that serves a number of users through terminals connected by communication lines. The user input-output device permits direct input of data and immediate output of results. For instance, a person using the computer interactively in financial planning poses “what if” questions by entering input at the terminal keyboard; the results are displayed on the screen in a few second.The computer-based user-machine characteristics of an MIS affect the knowledge requirements of both system developer and system user. “computer-based” means that the designer of a management information system must have knowledge of computers and of their use in processing. The “user-machine” concept means the system designer should also understand the capabilities of humans as system components (as information processors) and the behavior of humans as users of information.Information system applications should not require users to be computer experts. However, users need to be able to specify their information requirements; some understanding of computers, the nature of information, and its use in various management function aids users in this task.2 Integrated systemManagement information system typically provides the basis for integration of organizational information processing. Individual applications within information systems are developed for and by diverse sets of users. If there are no integrating processes and mechanisms, the individual applications may be inconsistent and incompatible. Data item may be specified differently and may not be compatible across applications that use the same data. There may be redundant development of separate applications when actually a single application could serve more than one need. A user wanting to perform analysis using data from two different applications may find the task very difficult and sometimes impossible.The first step in integration of information system applications is an overall information system plan. Even though application systems areimplemented one at a time, their design can be guided by the overall plan, which determines how they fit in with other functions. In essence, the information system is designed as a planed federation of small systems.Information system integration is also achieved through standards, guidelines, and procedures set by the MIS function. The enforcement of such standards and procedures permit diverse applications to share data, meet audit and control requirements, and be shares by multiple users. For instance, an application may be developed to run on a particular small computer. Standards for integration may dictate that the equipment selected be compatible with the centralized database. The trend in information system design is toward separate application processing form the data used to support it. The separate database is the mechanism by which data items are integrated across many applications and made consistently available to a variety of users. The need for a database in MIS is discussed below.3 Need for a databaseThe term “information” and “data” are frequently used interchangeably; however, information is generally defined as data that is meaningful or useful to the recipient. Data items are therefore the raw material for producing information.The underlying concept of a database is that data needs to be managed in order to be available for processing and have appropriate quality. This data management includes both software and organization. The software to create and manage a database is a database management system.When all access to any use of database is controlled through a database management system, all applications utilizing a particular data item access the same data item which is stored in only one place. A single updating of the data item updates it for all uses. Integration through a database management system requires a central authority for the database. The data can be stored in one central computer or dispersed among several computers; the overriding requirement is that there is an organizational function to exercise control.4 Utilization of ModelsIt is usually insufficient for human recipients to receive only raw data or even summarized data. Data usually needs to be processed andpresented in such a way that the result is directed toward the decision to be made. To do this, processing of data items is based on a decision model. For example, an investment decision relative to new capital expenditures might be processed in terms of a capital expenditure decision model.Decision models can be used to support different stages in the decision-making process. “Intelligence” models can be used to search for problems and/or opportunities. Models can be used to identify and analyze possible solutions. Choice models such as optimization models maybe used to find the most desirable solutionIn other words, multiple approaches are needed to meet a variety of decision situations. The following are examples and the type of model that might be included in an MIS to aid in analysis in support of decision-making; in a comprehensive information system, the decision maker has available a set of general models that can be applied to many analysis and decision situations plus a set of very specific models for unique decisions. Similar models are available for planning and control. The set of models is the model base for the MIS.The management information system (MIS) not only supports the underlying bed administrator, moreover may support the intermediate deck personnel's control check, for high level also can provide certain information. The management information system frame by four parts: Information source, information processor, information user and information superintendent. The information source is the information production place; Information processor burden task/role and so on information transmission, processing, save; The information user is the information user, carries on the decision-making using the information; The information superintendent is responsible for the information system the design, the implementation and the safeguarding. The management information system is regarded as generally a pyramid shape the structure, divides into from the lower level handling of traffic to the operating control, the control check, the topmost story strategic planning. The most basic unit greatly processes the numerous and diverse transaction information and the state information framing by the task/role.In a word, the management information system (Management InformationSystem, MIS), is by the artificial leadership, using the computer hardware, the software, the network communicates these devices and other office equipments carries on the information the collection, the transmission, the processing, the storage, the update and the safeguarding by achieved the enterprise strategy competes superior, enhances the benefit and the efficiency target, supports the enterprise the high level decision-making, the intermediate deck check and the basic unit operation integration man-machine system. MIS is the superintendent provides the report, provides the enterprise the recent situation as well as the historic record. This system main localization is aims at in the enterprise, for control function and so on level plan, check and decision-making serves, provides the data generally by the lower level handling of traffic system. MIS will be able the actual enterprise's each kind of run situation, and using the past historical data forecast future, embarks the assistance enterprise from the enterprise overall situation angle to carry on the decision-making, used the message control enterprise the behavior, helped the enterprise to achieve its plan管理信息系统的定义对于“管理信息系统”并没有一致的定义。

实验室管理信息系统外文翻译

本科毕业论文（设计）外文翻译Discussion on the laboratory information management院（系、部）名称：数信学院专业名称计算机科学与技术学生姓名：学生学号：指导教师：2012 年 03 月 09 日河北科技师范学院教务处制Discussion on the laboratory information managementIntroductionUniversity laboratory is the important base for teaching and research in Colleges and universities, his school management is a branch of the whole management system of laboratory, the implementation of scientific and modern management, will be helpful for back to the lab work efficiency, improve the level of teaching and research in Colleges and universities. Laboratory information management system by means of computer network, using scientific information for the overall management of the computer soft, hardware system, computer technology, management science and technology of analysis and testing.Now the majority universities have realized the campus network to open and use, therefore, based on the campus network in the open laboratory information management system, can make full use of campus cyber source, realizes the entire school faculties test information remote sharing, improve the work efficiency of the Department, from the original opening laboratory due to experimental student staff, time dispersion in management of complex, tedious, open laboratory brings obvious teaching effect improvement will promote schools to improve the laboratory seriously, increase investment, filling equipment. Thus laboratory information management will be in the future management work to play a powerful role in [1 ]. Laboratory information management system ( Lab Information Management System ), LIMS of the following abbreviation, is for the school laboratory massive data processing and management software, is a typical management information system ( Management Information System ), is the realization of online Experimental Teaching under the credit system and management of the important platform. It is an indispensable part of college laboratory, the contents of the experiment teaching of teachers and laboratory managers is critical, it can provide users with sufficient information and efficient means of the inquiry [2 ]. It can help teachers to understand the laboratory management and laboratory equipment and drug use, to provide students with respect to the query performance course for laboratory management, data entry and export to provide convenient.Laboratory management information system management information system ( Management Information System, referred to as MIS ) is a continuous development of new disciplines, with the progress of science and technology, the definition of MIS has also been updated. At this stage generally think that MIS is a management staff and the computer component is used for information collection, transmission, processing, storage, maintenance and use of the system, is a management science, information science, system science and computer technology to combine a comprehensive discipline. Management information systems: 1 the physical composition of computer hardware systems include: host, external memory, input and output devices such as. 2: computer software system including system software and application software two parts. The 3 communication system: including lines andother communication facilities and computer network, data communication related software. 4 staff include: system analyst, programmer, maintenance personnel, administrator, operatorDesign of laboratory management system guideline is: to design a campus network based on the open laboratory management software, the realization of chemical experimental teaching and management system of course arrangement, equipment management, research reporting, web publishing, online booking, query results, laboratory evaluation, material use, reported to the State Ministry of education report, experimental teaching and online laboratory records, system administrators for experimental resources management, information and other functions [3 ]. Can complete all types of information browsing, query, add, delete, modify other functions, the data form a good relationship. University laboratory management system is mainly composed of students, teachers function area, functional area of functional area managers. Student function area by the basic situation, laboratory management, experimental teaching and open experiment modules; teachers function area by laboratory staff, equipment, consumables, laboratory assessment, laboratory construction, data report six modules; functional area managers by the daily office, system maintenance module.According to the domestic and foreign excellent LIMS technology application experience, can be summed up in last few years LIMS design with a few basic characteristics [4 ]1. technology with the first, efficiency, practicability, safety.2. data management functions, data collection, treatment, release can not occur in the process of data loss, change problems;The 3 page is friendly, simple operation, the use of database technology and unified browser interface;4 a high degree of automation, the network has the advantages of simple structure design;5 .modular design, easy expansion of functions;6. product design flexible, customized short cycle;On the laboratory information management a few experience:1 should be fully aware of the significance of the information statistical work. College laboratory information statistics reflect the latest developments in the laboratory work, the competent authorities for browsing, query, statistics, printing provides information. Therefore, we must do a good job in a timely laboratory basic information update and maintenance. As the equipment information management, it is a dynamic management process, the purchase of new equipment by a qualified acceptance, it is necessary to timely entry, in the online update data, in order to reflect the information timeliness, accuracy, but also can reflect the objective, the basic situation and the latest developments in laboratory [ 5].2 to speed up the pace of informatization construction of network lab. Along with the science and technology and information management development, colleges and universities laboratory information statistics work must be established to adapt, normative,scientific, convenient and practical day-to-day management software platform. Therefore, the colleges and universities must speed up the pace of information construction of laboratory network, and with the campus network connectivity, so as to realize information resources sharing under the network environment. In the laboratory of basic information in the process of building, should pay attention to the effective use of information, requirement management in practice many fumble, practice, summary, continuous improvement and perfection, to maximize the use of existing resources and information, and truly reflect the use of resources value. 3 maximizing information statistical function. School after completing college laboratory information statistics, data reporting based on laboratory, in the transfer of basic information, the departments at all levels of dynamic understanding of laboratory instruments and equipment changes and loss situation of laboratory teaching, task completion, laboratory materials consumption, laboratory staff training, promotion, change situation, students' experimental expenditure conditions for comprehensive understanding of existing laboratory, School of basic resources, dynamic control and management of laboratory instruments and equipment, use benefit evaluation and provide a reliable basis and guarantee [6 ]. 4 the importance of information statistics daily management work. Strengthening the laboratory information management, improve the college laboratory information statistics quality, standardize the laboratory experimental teaching management. Basic laboratory information standardization, scientific, modern management is a need to often be caught indefatigable, ceaseless practice, ceaseless and perfect, constantly updated, the continuous improvement of the system of engineering. In order to realize this goal, we need to work in the future to pay more hard work, continuous exploration and practice, continuous learning and improvement, and constantly improve and enhance the level of management, and better service for teaching and scientific research [7 ]. 5 to improve laboratory information administrator quality and status. To strengthen the experimental technical team construction, improve the quality of experimental teaching is not a first-class laboratory technical personnel team, can not have first-class laboratory management level, also cannot develop a first-class talent and first-class experimental results. Experimental technique of personal qualities, moral standards, professionalism, attitude, good manners and have great influence on students, to improve the quality of experimental teaching, to high-quality personnel training requirements, must have a high quality, ability, must study the spirit of the experimental technical team to do that. Therefore, the experimental technical personnel to see more business books, journals, literature, in the mastery of professional theory and technology on the basis of relevant theories, pay attention to the new progress, update and enrich their knowledge system, will be the latest information and methods, recent advances and achievements in practice application. In addition, as an experiment technical staff, we should establish the teaching, scientific research and students' consciousness of service [8 ]. Only when everything from teaching, all for the sake of teaching, create a good environment, to fulfill the task of experiment teaching. Of course, the leadership must pay attention to the laboratory construction, through the improvement of experimental staffworking conditions, wages and benefits increase solutions lab staff shortage, the structure unreasonable problem; should take scientific position, reasonable preparation, assessment so as to arouse the enthusiasm of experimental staff; encourage laboratory personnel training learning, and regularly NEW theory, new technology training, in order to promote them to improve the operational level [9 ]. College laboratory information statistics work in Colleges and Universities under the joint efforts, the successful completion of the various information and data statistics, as the superior departments laboratory development plan and related policy to provide important basis. With the laboratory management system to further promote and use, to achieve higher education teaching resources sharing and management efficiency play a positive role in promoting and facilitating. Through our unremitting efforts of laboratory management, laboratory information statistics reporting system will be more perfect.The endThe above analysis, we can fully realize the design and development of a laboratory information management system the necessity and the urgency, laboratory management system shall be in accordance with the provisions of the school laboratory information management, to meet the school laboratory information management needs, and to achieve the intuitive operation, convenient, practical, safety requirements. System uses a modular design approach, both for the system function of the combination and modification, but also easy to not participate in system development technical maintenance personnel to add and maintain. Laboratory information management system through the whole school LAN experiment building of the laboratory information together, as the school experiment teaching and laboratory construction to provide comprehensive and timely information, convenient management, at the same time, through the campus network expansion of various types of information technology application, shared by students and laboratory information [10 ].Reference.[1 ] at the beginning of Gan Ren, Chen Yonghong, Long Hong. Management information system [ M]. Beijing: Mechanical Industry Press, 2001, 35 ~ 49[2 ] Wei Qi. ERP, CRM and SCM three information systems integration [J ]. China information news, 2002, ( 8) : 5 ~ 8[3 ] Han Yan, Li Suicheng. The production method and the management information system development [ J ]. Group technology and modernization of production, 2001, ( 3) : 15 ~ 18[4 ] of modern logistics management task group. Supply chain management [M ]. Guangzhou: Guangdong economy press, 2002, 55 ~ 57[5 ] Zhang Jujian, Gan at the beginning of Ren. Management information system development and implementation technology [J ]. Application Research of computers, 2003, ( 1) : 47 ~ 58[6 ] of Ye Juan. In the development of ERP number of integration problems [J]. Enterprise economy, 2002, ( 9) : 55 ~ 58[7 ] of He Yaoqin CRM. The concept and key factors in its implementation [ J]. Journal of Southwest Jiao Tong University ( SOCIAL SCIENCES EDITION ), 2002, ( 3) : 14 ~ 28[8 ] Luo Chaoli, Lee Wanhong. Management information system principle and application [ M]. Beijing: Tsinghua University press, 2002, 37 ~ 38[9 ] LAN Yisheng, etc.. Electronic commerce logistics management [M ]. Beijing: China financial and Economic Publishing House, 2001, 45 ~ 48[10 ] Pu Shunyu. Management information system [ M]. Beijing: Renmin University of China press, 1997, 5介绍高校开放实验室是高校教学与科研的重要基地，他的管理工作是学校整体管理工作的一个分支体系，对实验室实行科学与现代化的管理，将有利于发回实验室的工作效率，提高高校教学与科研水平。

【机械类文献翻译】管理信息系统

Management Information SystemIt is the MIS(Management Information System) that we constantly say that the management information system , and is living to emphasize the administration , and emphasizes that it changes into more and more significantly and more and more is universalized in the contemporary community of message . MIS is a fresh branch of learning, and it leaped over several territories, and for instance administers scientific knowledge, system science, operational research, statistic along with calculating machine scientific knowledge. Is living on these the branches of learning base, and takes shape that the message is gathered and the process means, thereby take shape the system that the crossbar mingles.1. The Management Information System Summary20 centuries, in the wake of the flourishing development of whole world economy, numerous economists propose the fresh administration theory one by one. Xi Men propose the administration and was dependent on idea to message and decision of strategic importance in the 50’s 20 centuries. The dimension of simultaneous stage is admitted issuing cybernetics, and he thinks that the administration is a control procedure. In 1958, Ger. write the lid: “ the administration shall obtain without delay with the lower cost and exact message, completes the better control ”. This particular period, the calculating machine starts being used accountancy work. The data handling term has risen.In 1970, Walter T.Kennevan give administration that has raised the only a short while ago information system term to get off a definition: “ either the cover of the book shape with the discount, is living appropriately time to director, staff member along with the outside world personnel staff supplies the past and now and message that internal forecasting the approaching relevant business reaches such environment, in order to assist they make a strategic decision”. Is living in this definition to emphasize, yet does not emphasize using the pattern, and mention the calculating machine application in the way of the message support decision of strategic importance.In 1985, admonishing information system originator, title Buddhist nun Su Da university administration professor Gordon B.Davis give the management information system relatively integrated definition, in immediate future “ administer the information system is one use calculating machine software and hardware resources along with data bank man - the engine system. It be able to supply message support business either organization operation, administration or the decision making function”. Comprehensive directions of this definition management information system target and meritorious service capacity and component, but also make known the management information system to be living the level that attains at that time.1.1 The Developing History of MISThe management information system is living the most primarily phase is counting the system, the substance which researched is the regular pattern on face between the incremental data, it what may separate into the data being mutually related and more not being mutually relatedseries, afterwards act as the data conversion to message.The second stage is the data are replaced the system, and it is that the SABRE that the Amer ican airline company put up to in the 50’s 20 centuries subscribes to book the bank note system that such type stands for. It possess 1008 bank note booking spots, and may access 600000 traveler keep the minutes and 27000 flight segments record. Its operation is comparatively more complex, and is living whatever one “spot ”wholly to check whether to be the free place up some one flight numbers. Yet through approximately attending school up to say, it is only a data and replaces the system, for instance it can not let know you with the bank note the selling velocity now when the bank note shall be sell through, thereby takes remedying the step. As a result it also is administer information system rudimentary phase.The third phase is the status reports system, and it may separate into manufacture state speech and service state and make known and research the systems such as status reports and so on. Its type stands for the production control system that is the IBM corporation to the for instance manufacture state speech system. As is known to all, the calculating machine corporation that the IBM corporation is the largest on the world, in 1964 it given birth to middle-sized calculating machine IBM360 and causes the calculating machine level lift a step, yet form that the manufacture administration work. Yet enormously complicatedly dissolve moreover, the calculating machine overtakes 15000 difference components once more, in addition the plant of IBM extends all over the American various places to every one components once more like works an element, and the order of difference possess difference components and the difference element, and have to point out that what element what plant what installation gives birth to, hence not merely giving birth to complexly, fitting, installation and transportation wholly fully complex. Have to there be a manufacture status reports system that takes the calculating machine in order to guarantee being underway successfully of manufacture along with else segment as the base. Hence the same ages IBM establish the systematic AAS of well-developed administration it be able to carry on 450 professional work operations. In 1968, the corporation establishes the communal once more and manufactures information system CMIS and runs and succeeds very much, the past needs 15 weeks work, that system merely may be completed in the way of 3 weeks. It is the data handling system that the status reports system still possess one kind of shape , and that it is used for handles the everyday professional work to make known with manufacture , and stress rests with by the handwork task automation , and lifts the effectiveness with saves the labor power . The data handling system ordinarily can not supply decision of strategic importance message.Last phase is the support systems make a strategic decision, and it is the information system being used for supplementary making a strategic decision. That system may program and the analysis scheme, and goes over key and the error solve a problem. Its proper better person-machine dialogue means, may with not particularly the personnel staff who have an intimate knowledge of the calculating machine hold conversation. It ordinarily consists of some pattern so as to come into being decision of strategic importance message, yet emphasizecomprehensive administration meritorious service capacity.1.2 The Application of Management Information SystemThe management information system is used to the most base work, like dump report form, calculation pay and occurrences in human tubes and so on, and then developing up business financial affairs administrations and inventory control and so on individual event operational control , this pertains to the electron data handling ( EDP Data Processing ) system . When establish the business data bank, thereby possess the calculating machine electric network to attain data sharing queen , the slave system concept is start off , when the implementation the situation as a whole is made program and the design information system ,attained the administration information system phase . In the wake of calculating machine technique progress and the demand adjust the system of people lift further, people emphasize more furthermore administer the information system phase. Progress and people in the wake of the calculating machine technique lift at the demand adjust the system further, people emphasize more furthermore to administer the information system whether back business higher level to lead makes a strategic decision this meritorious service capacity, still more lay special emphasis on the gathering to the external message of business and integrated data storehouse, model library , means storehouse and else artificial intelligence means whether directly to decision of strategic importance person , this is the support system ( DDS ) mission making a strategic decision.There is the part application that few business start MIS inner place the limit of the world at the early days of being living in the 70’s 20 centuries. Up at the moment, MIS is living, and there be the appropriate popularization rate in every state nation in world, and nearly covered that every profession reaches every department.1.3 The Direction of MIS DevelopmentClose 20 curtains; external grand duke takes charge of having arisen3 kinds of alternations:A. Paying special attention to the administration being emphasized to establishing MIS’s system, and causing the administration technique head for the ageing.B. The message is the decision of strategic importance foundation, and MIS supplies the message service in the interest of director at all times.C. Director causes such management program getting in touch with together with the concrete professional work maneuver by means of MIS. not merely big-and-middle-sized business universally establish MIS some small-size business also not exceptions of self, universally establish the communal data network, like the electronic mail and electron data exchange and so on, MIS supplied the well support environment to the ap plication of Intranet’s technique to speedily developing of INTERNET especially in the past few years in the interest of the business.Through international technique development tendency is see, in the 90’s 20 centuries had arisen some kinds of brand-new administration technique.1. Business Processes Rebuild (BPR)A business should value correctly time and produce quality, manufacturing cost and technicalservice and so on several section administrations, grip at the moment organization and the process compose once more,andcompletes that meritorious service capacity integrationist, operation processization and organization form fluctuation.2. Intelligentization Decision Support System (IDSS)The intelligentization decision of strategic importance support system was sufficiently consider demand and the work distinguishing feature of business higher level personnel staff.3. Lean Production (LP)Application give birth to on time, comprehensive quality control and parallel project that picked amount is given birth to and so on the technique, the utmost product design cutting down and production cycle, raise produce quality and cuts down the reproduced goods to reserve, and is living in the manufacture promote corps essence, in order to meet the demand that client continuously changes.4. Agile Manufacture (AM)One kind of business administration pattern that possess the vision, such distinguishing feature is workers and staff members’ quality is high, and the organization simplifies and the multi-purpose group effectiveness GAO message loading is agile and answers client requires swiftly.2.The Effect To The Business Administration of MIS DevelopmentThe effect to the business administration of the management information system development is administered the change to business and business administration of information system development and come into being and is coming into being the far-reaching effect with. Decision of strategic importance, particularly strategic decision-making may be assisted by the administration information system, and its good or bad directly affects living and the development up the business. The MIS is impeding the orientation development that the administration means one another unites through quality and ration. This express to utilize the administration in the calculation with the different mathematical model the problem in the quantitative analysis business.The past administer that the problem is difficult to test, but MIS may unite the administration necessaries, and supply the sufficient data, and simulates to produce the term in the interest of the administration.In the wake of the development of MIS, much business sit up the decentralized message concentration to establish the information system ministry of directly under director, and the chief of information system ministry is ordinarily in the interest of assistant manager’s grade. After the authority of business is centralized up high-quality administration personnel staff’s hand, as if causing much sections office work decrease, hence someone prophesy, middle layer management shall vanish. In reality, the reappearance phase employed layer management among the information system queen not merely not to decrease, on the contrary there being the increase a bit. This is for, although the middle layer management personnel staff getting off exonerate out through loaded down with trivial details daily routine, yet needs them to analyses researchingwork in the way of even more energy, lift further admonishing the decision of strategic importance level. In the wake of the development of MIS, the business continuously adds to the demand of high technique a talented person, but the scarce thing of capability shall be washed out gradually. This compels people by means of study and cultivating, and continuously lifts individual’s quality. In the wake of the news dispatch and electric network and file transmission system development, business staff member is on duty in many being living incomparably either the home. Having caused that corporation save the expenses enormously, the work efficiency obviously moves upward American Rank Zeros corporation the office system on the net, in the interest of the creativity of raise office personnel staff was produced the advantageous term.At the moment many countries are fermenting one kind of more well-developed manufacturing industry strategy, and become quickly manufacturing the business. It completely on the basis of the user requirement organization design together with manufacture, may carry on the large-scale cooperation in the interest of identical produce by means of the business that the flow was shifted the distinct districts, and by means of the once more programming to the machinery with to the resources and the reorganization of personnel staff , constituted a fresh affrication system, and causes that manufacturing cost together with lot nearly have nothing to do with. Quickly manufacturing the business establishes a whole completely new strategy dependence relation against consumer, and is able to arouse the structure of production once more revolution.The management information system is towards the self-adoption and Self-learning orientation development, the decision procedure of imitation man who is be able to be better. Some entrepreneurs of the west vainly hope that consummate MIS is encircles the magic drug to govern the business all kinds of diseases; Yet also someone says, and what it is too many is dependent on the defeat that MIS be able to cause on the administration. It is adaptable each other to comprehend the effect to the business of MIS, and is favor of us to be living in development and the research work, and causes the business organization and administer the better development against MIS of system and administration means , and establish more valid MIS.管理信息系统管理信息系统就是我们常说的MIS(Management Information System),它立足于强调管理，强调信息社会中信息变得越来越重要。

MIS管理信息系统英文全解析

外文原文Management Information SystemsIntroduction To MISWhat is "Management Information Systems (MIS)"? Field Began in Early 80s. MIS bridges the gap between end-users and technical staffs (e.g. programmers). Consider the three key words (management, information, & systems) that have significant implications.Management: Managing resources that include people, machinery (technology and computers), money, and time, etc. You have to consider three managerial factors together in MIS: effectiveness, efficiency and profitability.Effectiveness–how well a firm is pursuing a goal or objective of its business; for instance, providing quality product/service can be a business goal that is usually stated in a firm's mission statement; Management by objective (MBO), etc.Efficiency–best use of resources, a synonym ['sinənim] is productivity = output divided by input. Productivity is measured in general by a ratio of OUTPUT to INPUT. Here, output indicates revenue, market share, etc., while input indicates labor, raw materials, administrative costs, operations costs, and IT related costs.Profitability - The empirical[em'pirikəl] studies（实证研究）in the IS literature have reported that on the contrary to the management's belief, there exists no significant difference in the profitability between before and after the new IS implementation. In other words, the new IS does not make significant profitability increase. In general, the bottom line in any business is the profitability. If it does not enhance the profitability, then what is a point to go through all the trouble to develop/implement a new IS? Using IT is not the perfect solution for every business situation. Whenever a new IT or information systems (IS) are implemented, additional costs incur. They can be costs related to hardware, software, training, maintenance, etc. Therefore, the cost-benefit analysis should be conducted prior to a new systems implementation.Information：Information relates to the computer; refers to knowledge. Data are a source for the information. If the data are processed in a meaningful way, they become "information." Here, IT can contribute. Information can be extracted easily through IT (e.g. computer) if data are properly processed. Therefore, the second word in M.I.S. indicates IT or computer. Of course, information can be obtained by a primitive way such as manual sorting by a clerk. Using IT definitely outperform any other means in history, in terms of processing data.Systems：If a nice system is made, it is self-running which leads to reducing the people necessary to the business process. An approach systematically doing business systems comes from systems theory that stresses the importance of systems approach to problem solving and a structured way to control and adjust automatically. Computer programmers and software engineers/developers realized it was only way to reduce a possibility of encountering errors later in the systems development process. When you construct a new/better system for the current business operations/decision-making process, you don't want to make a computer program based on the current business way. Instead, you develop a new model after serious analysis of the current system, so later can save resource in terms of time and money by avoiding a possible mistake/error. Therefore, business process reengineering (BPR) is unthinkable without a sound understanding of systems theory/concepts.MIS is a field of science that studies on (1) how better we can manage technologies (2) how better we can design information systems, in order to enhance a firm's effectiveness, efficiency and profitability. MIS is a new subject in the last ten to fifteen years. The idea is still being researched since the concept is being evolved. A teacher's bias has a large impact on this type of subject.Classification of Specialties in MIS•Systems Planning; • Systems Development; •Systems Review and Enhancement; • Special Computer Applications Systems Planning - facilities planning, distributed processing systems, systems organization, management and staff development and training, and application of new technologies.Systems Development - feasibility study and cost benefit analysis, detailed specifications of system development, equipment selection and configuration, software procurement / technical supervision of programming, implementation assistance, documentation and user training.Systems Review and Enhancement - reevaluation of information processing requirements, complete information system productivity audits, hard-ware/software performance evaluation and fine tuning, assessment and improvement of application program efficiency, staff productivity, data processing operations, studies of testing procedures, environment, security and reliability.Special Computer Applications - production planning and scheduling, inventory control, resource allocation, transportation and distribution logistics, personnel planning and administration, project management/control, information retrieval and analysis, process control, scientific and engineering applications.Approach to MIS DesignAll modern organizations are characterized by the need for management information. However this need is met, from the simplest verbal reporting system to the most sophisticated computerized system, certain basic principles must beobserved if the information provided is to contribute to effective management. Management information must be timely, accurate and in a format that lends itself to decision making. The cost of obtaining it must not exceed its value in the decision making process.RMC believes that an information system must be designed to take account of the nature of the client's business, the structure of the organization and the managerial styles of the system users. Data to be processed should be captured once only - and preferably by those who originate it and are most familiar with it. This means that the information system must be geared by operators with minimal system training, and must facilitate input error detection and correction. Our goals in information system design are to provide maximum flexibility and growth capacity for the system while minimizing operating costs and implementation disruptions.System Performance AuditOnce established, an information system must be audited periodically to ensure that it is performing all the tasks required of it as efficiently and effectively as possible. Growth of the organization, increased volume of business, changes in the business environment, technological changes and newly conceived information requirements all place increased demands on existing information systems and often cause them to be modified or extended on an ad hoc basis. Our staff has the specialized skills and experience to perform a thorough audit on existing information systems and to recommend changes in design, equipment, software and procedures, to bring them up-to-date and to peak performance. An information system audit should be performed every three years, or when processing capacity appears to be strained and upgrading of facilities is being considered.Stages in the development of Management Information SystemsOrganizations have always had some kinds of management information systems, even if it was not recognized as such. Developments in the use of the new technology have gone through several stages.Stage 1: EDP. When computers were first introduced into organizations, they were used mainly to process data for a few business functions –usually accounting and billing. Computers were located in electronic data processing (EDP) departments, because of the specialized skills needed to operate the extensive and complex system.Stage 2: MIS. The growth of EDP departments spurred managers to focus more on planning their organiz ations’ information systems. As the EDP departments’ function expanded beyond routine processing of masses of standardized data, they began to be called management information system (MIS) departments. MIS uses data created mainly in the EDP departments and it can be developed only when there already exists such department. It does not make any changes in these data. MIS could obtain information from internal and external sources.Stage 3: DDS. Later on, when remote terminals were introduced, more than one department began to use the same system. At this stage the MIS has grown beyond a data processing role and included the provision of a number of decision support systems(DSSs). While the MIS controls routine operations using data processing methods, the DSS is seen as supporting decisions on “less routine issues” and solving “semi-structured” problems.Stage 4: ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE and EXPERT SYSTEMS. One of the fastest growing areas of information technology, artificial intelligence uses the computer to simulate some of the characteristics of human thought. The term artificial intelligence(AI) means the simulation of human thought process in order to select the best mode of behavior, e. g. taking a decision or responding to a situation. Expert systems are a major application of AI. They act like a human “expert” in analysing unstructured situations. Expert systems are also called “knowledge-based” systems since they are built on a framework of known facts and responses to situations. It is believed that we are moving rapidly from industrial-based society to an information-based one. The application of computer technology to management information and decision support systems has certainly had an effect on how managers perform their tasks and on how organizations behave.The changing nature of organizations and workThe development of the IT offers enormous opportunities to improve the way in which organizations work. However, the introduction of a new technology does not lead automatically to improved performance. It might result in greater job insecurity and might cause fear from the process of adapting the workforce to the requirements and pressures of implementation of modern MIS. On the other hand, MIS made it easier to store, process and access information than ever before. Employment might be also affected through the changes in demand for more and broader skills and for fewer unskilled people. More than ever, organizations seamed to be dependent on highly skilled and motivated workforce.To benefit from their investment in new IT and MIS, firms probably need to address not only the technological environment within they operate, but also their relationships with suppliers, customers and other trading partners.As the global economy and online communities collide, more and more organizations have come to depend on collaborative technology to support distributed teamwork. Flexible working arrangements, such as part-time work, working at or from home, self-employment and flexible employment contracts might become increasingly prominent. The implementation of modern MIS might improve the firm’s competitiveness and make them more flexible, more profitable through decreasing the cost and creating possibilities for accessing new markets and customers.。

管理信息系统外文翻译1

英语专业资料Management Information System is that we often say that the MIS (Management Information System), emphasizing the management, stressed that the information in modern society it has become increasingly popular. MIS is a new subject, it across a number of areas, such as scientific management and system science, operations research, statistics and computer science. In these subjects on the basis of formation of information-gathering and processing methods, thereby forming a vertical and horizontal cutting system.Management information system of modern information management is an indispensable part of the work, is to meet modern standards of high-tech information management requirements, to promote scientific management, standardization of the necessary conditions. Only information practices, in order to offer better living environment and convenient living space.Information management is an extremely important resource, management depends on the success or failure of an effective decision-making, and the correct degree of decision-making depends largely on the quality of information.In the 21st century, mankind will enter the knowledge economy era, the era of knowledge economy is the rapid development of technology and knowledge, information was explosive expansion of the times. The threat of the so-called information that this is the human face to deal with the large amount of information it difficult to deal with the state, and cause confusion results.The emergence of a computer to solve this problem, because the computer quickly and accurately as information collection, processing, use,may be provided for.With computer technology, communications technology, network technology as the representative of modern information technology leap in development, human being from the industrial age into the information age, there is growing importance of information resources development and use of "information" has become a country Economic and social development of the key links, the level of information has become the level of a country's level of modernization and an important indicator of overall national strength.Management Information System is a computer and composed, to manage information collection, transmission, processing, preservation, maintenance and use of the system, it measured the national economy and enterprises, to help achieve its planned objectives.The development of computer-aided management has experienced four stages: transaction processing, handling systems to support decision-making, integrated services.In modern society, social trends and the expansion of social demand for our products so that enterprises in production and business activities relating to the expansion of the accumulation of internal and external information, with the rapid progress of science and technology and rapid development of production, so that human knowledge of the accelerating growth rate, the increase in the amount of information , Changes in the external environment becomes faster, artificial have not qualified. How to collect sufficient information resources, strong message and take advantage of the positive and timely development of effective use of information explosion of information resources has become a modern social problems. The emergence of a computer to solve this problem, because the computer quickly and accurately as information collection, processing, use, may be provided for. Computer technology and communications technologies with great modern information technology to promote the development of national information to speed up the process, the international community to build the information highway and an upsurge of Chinese workers, "the" famous works as the representative of national projects undertaken, so that China's Enterprise Information facing the new situation.Electronic computers adapt to modern society rapidly growing amount of information management, information life short, require timely conversion problem. Information systems from electronic data processing, information reporting system, decision support system to the further development of expert systems and support the leadership of the implementation of the decision-making process information in support of strategic decision-making competition in the strategic information systems. Today's society of modern information technology extensively to the rapid penetration of social life in various fields but in the management information system applications are still very imperfect, is the initial stage. Computer support for the work of the management, not only data processing, but also to support decision-making tools, from the mass of information collection, collation, analysis provided to managers, policy-related information, relevantpolicy analysis, and even managers Interactive dialogue to generate decision-making. At present the various sectors of the computer processing of information management, in large part are still individual business rationale, in the electronic data-processing stage, and units from transaction processing system to support system to deal with the real has also established a predictive control and support functions of management decision-making Information systems. Although the information system has a certain development, business process automation control office has made great progress, but far from perfect. Should make full use of the computer processing of information, we must start from the current situation, look to the future, the development of suitable units, a small industry management system, or even one-step, such as salary management system, and then gradually improve, and constantly expanded. Management Information System is one of the characteristics of centralized data, using the database. Use database technology to address data sharing issues. Database with a certain data model organization of data, data-oriented systems, procedures independent of the data, and data independence, to reduce data redundancy and inconsistency, and easy programming, expansion, removal. In particular, the 20th century the late 1970s distributed, in the face of object database, so that data and data from the operation as an object database management system to better use and reduce the possibility of problems. Attribute their inheritance in object share data And operation of great convenience to the users. All in all management information system is set scientific。