英语常用量词
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英语常用量词
在英语中,有很多量词词组,例如:a group of,a flock of,a bunch of,a bundle of等等。为了方便广大英语学习者更好地掌握,本文对量词词组粗略地归纳了以下的特点,具体表现为:
特点一:英语量词词组所表示的数或量,大致可归纳为四种类型,即定量、不定量、大量和少量。
1.表示定量的量词词组,譬如:
a couple of(两个、一对)—a couple of days,a couple of players,a couple of times
a cupful of(一满杯)—a cupful of jelly,a cupful of water
a portion of(一份/客)—a portion of duck,a portion of roast beef
2.表示不定量的量词词组,譬如:
a majority of(大多数/大半)—a majority of opinions,a majority of votes
an atom of(一点)—an atom of food,an atom of truth
a spell of(一阵/一段时间)—a spell of fine weather,a spell of coughing
3.表示大量的量词词组,譬如:
a flood of—a flood of ink(洋洋大篇),a flood of tears(泪如泉涌)
a heap of—a heap of earth(一堆泥土),a heap of customers(许多顾客)
a mountain of—a mountain of debts(债台高筑),a mountain of difficulties(困难重重)4.表示少量的量词词组,譬如:
a drop of—a drop of fever(有点热度),a drop of dew(一点露水)
a particle of—a particle of feeling(一丝感情),a particle of dust(一点灰尘)
a shadow of—a shadow of doubt(一点怀疑),a shadow of freedom(一点自由)
特点二:有些数量词组修饰可数名词,有些数量词组修饰不可数名词,还有些则两者均可修饰。
1.修饰不可数名词的量词词组,譬如:
a bit of—a bit of English(一点英语),a bit of good advice(一些好意见),a bit of interest (一点兴趣)
a shred of—a shred of evidence(一点证据),a shred of cloth(少量布),a shred of reputation (一点声誉)
a sheet of—a sheet of glass(一块玻璃),a sheet of water(一片汪洋)
2.修饰可数名词的量词词组,譬如:
a cluster of—a cluster of flowers(一簇花),a cluster of spectators(一群观众),a cluster of bright stars(闪烁群星)
a string of—a string of pearls(一串珠子),a string of curses(连续不断的咒骂),a string of excuses(一连串借口)
a scram of—a scram of mosquitoes(一群蚊子),a scram of geese(一群鹅),a scram of children (一群孩子)
3.修饰(不)可数名词的量词词组,譬如:
a body of—a body of bees(一群蜜蜂),a body of cold air(一股冷空气),a body of facts(许多事实)
a block of—a block of ice(一大块冰),a block of flats(一幢公寓),a block of houses(一排房子)
a chain of—a chain of ideas(一系列想法),a chain of accidents(一连串事故),a chain of proof (一连串证据)
特点三:有些数量词组的搭配是固定的,而有些搭配则比较灵活。
1.搭配固定的量词词组,譬如:
a barrel of—a barrel of beer(一桶啤酒),a barrel of crude oil(一桶原油)
a basket of—a basket of eggs(一篮鸡蛋),a basket of apples(一篮苹果)
a line of—a line of trees(一行树),a line of poetry(一行诗)
2.搭配较灵活的量词词组,譬如:
a piece of—a piece of paper(一张纸),a piece of furniture(一件家具),a piece of equipment (一台设备)
a round of—a round of spirit(一巡酒),a round of diplomatic talks(一轮外交谈判),a round of toast(一片烤面包)
a bar of—a bar of chocolate(一块巧克力),a bar of soap(一条肥皂),a bar of light(一束光)
一些常见的量词及搭配: 1. 一般性的表示个数的量词: 这一组中主要有piece, bit, item, article 等词,但piece具有独特的地位,在使用其他词的地方一般都可使用piece 代替之.比如: piece :a piece of meat/paper/bread/music/information/furniture/machinery, etc. 一片肉/一张纸/一片面包/一首曲子/一条信息/一件家具/一台机器等bit :a bit of news/wood/advice/trouble, etc. 一条消息/一块木头/一条建议/一件麻烦事等item :an item of news/crime/program/business, etc. 一条新闻/一宗罪行/一个项目/一笔生意等article :an article of export/ furniture/ clothing/ luggage, etc. 一宗出口/一件家具/一件衣服/一件行李等 2. 以形状表示个数的量词: bar :a bar of chocolate/candy 一块巧克力/一块糖bunch :a bunch of flowers/grapes/ keys 一束花/一串葡萄/一串钥匙cake: a cake of soap/ice一块肥皂/一块冰cluster :a cluster of stars/flowers/animals一群星/一束花/一群动物comb :a comb of bananas 一串香蕉drop :a drop of rain/ blood 一滴雨/一滴血ear :an ear of corn/wheat一棒玉米/一穗麦子flight :a flight of stairs/arrows/sparrows一段楼梯/一阵箭雨/一群麻雀flock :a flock of workmen/criminals/boys 一群工人/一伙罪犯/一群男孩head :a head of cabbage/cauliflower/sheep 一头卷心菜/一块花菜/一头羊lump :a lump of sugar/coal/clay一块糖/一块煤/一块土spiral: a spiral of mosquito incense 一盘蚊香slice: a slice of meat/bread/beef一片肉/一片面包/一块牛肉swarm :a swarm of bees一群蜜蜂bevy :a bevy of beauties/girls/ladies 一群美人/一群女孩/一群女士gathering: a gathering of friends一帮朋友clump: a clump of trees一丛树林pack: a pack of rascals/wolves一群**/一群狼 3. 表示容积的词: bottle: a bottle of ink/milk/wine 一瓶酒/一瓶牛奶/一瓶葡萄酒bowl :a bowl of rice/porridge 一碗米饭/一碗粥pail: a pail of water 一桶水glass :a glass of beer 一杯啤酒cup :a cup of tea 一杯茶handful: a handful of soil 一抔土spoonful: a spoonful of oil 一汤匙油mouthful :a mouthful of snow 一口雪truckload :a truckload of steel 一卡车钢材 a packet :of cigarette一包烟 4. 表示行为动态的量词: fit :a fit of laughter 一阵笑声peal: a peal of thunder 一阵雷声flash: a flash of light 一道闪电display :a display of
force 一番武力展示