英语基本句法、语法与时态
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
如何读懂、写出正确的句子?
一、句子成分(主谓宾定状补)
二、时态:
1.一般现在时(描述惯常发生的事情)
注意:主语若是第三人称单数,动词需要加s/es ;其他情况下,动词用原型We start our work at 7 o’clock every morning.
He leaves the work site at 5 o’clock every afternoon.
He does his work very well.
2.现在进行时(描述此刻正在发生的事情)
注意:进行时需要用系动词(am, is , are)+ (动词+ing )
The workers are working on the work site.
The electrician is dealing with an electric problem.
3.一般过去时(描述过去发生的事情)
注:过去时中,动词需要用过去式(即动词+ed)
We signed a contract last week.
The project started a month ago.
4.过去进行时(描述过去发生的事情)
注意:系动词(was, were)+ (动词ing)
They were planning to go abroad for vocation two months ago.
5.一般将来时(描述未来将要发生的事情)
注:将来时,需要在动词前加will,be going to。
We will have a meeting with the supplier.
We are going to construct a new bridge in Bengal.
The project will be complete soon.
6.现在完成时(描述到目前为止已经发生的事情)
注:完成时的基本结构为 have/has + 动词的过去分词(动词+ed)的形式We have run out of food.
We have spent 5000 dollars on the car.
The meal has been finished.
7.过去完成时(描述到过去为止已经发生的事情)
注:过去完成时的基本结构为had + 动词的过去分词(动词+ed)的形式The professor had finished his job when his students came to see him.
三、英语五种基本句型
基本句型一:(主+谓)
The workers arrived. 工人们已经到了。
The price of materials goes up. 材料价格上涨。
基本句型二:(主+系+表)——主要用语描述“……是……”,侧重于表示人或事物状态、性质.
All of us are tired. 大家都很累。
The welder is responsible. 这个焊工很负责。
The problem is hard to deal with. 这个问题很难解决。
Your job is to weld parts together. 你的工作是焊接零件。
基本句型三:(主+谓+宾)
You must deal with the problem as soon as possible. 你必须尽快解决问题。
They weld the pieces of a broken axle. 他们焊接断了的车轴。
I need seven engine-drivers. 我需要7个司机。
The workers are carrying materials to our job site. 工人们正在把材料运到我们的工地。
You should check the work site every week. 你应该每天检查工地。
基本句型四:(主+谓+间宾+直宾)
The manager handed me a contract. 经理递给我一份合同。
I will give you a job. 我将会给你一份工作。
The welder showed me his welding skills. 这个焊工向我展示了他的焊接技术。
Tell me when you can finish you job. 告诉我你什么时候能完成你的工作。
Show me where the problem is. 指出(给我)问题在哪里。
基本句型五:(主+谓+宾+宾补)
You should keep the welding materials dry. 你们要保持焊接材料干燥。
四、句式变换(陈述句→ 疑问句)
陈述句语序与中文类似,不过表示时间/地点的放在最后,先讲主谓宾等,再说时间地点。
1. 玛丽每周日去书店买一本书。
2. 我们上周末在一家著名的药店买了点药。
疑问句分为一般疑问句(助动词或者be动词开头),及特殊疑问句(疑问词what, when, where, who, how + 可能需要助动词或者be动词)
1. Mary goes to the bookshop to buy newspaper every morning.
•提问是不是,有没有?一般疑问句。借助助动词do →does 放句首,后面顺序不动,但动词要还原成原形。
•提问其他的部分,都是特殊疑问句,需要加疑问词。
•提问marry: who
•提问the newsagent’s : where does Mary go to
•提问every morning: when does
•提问 to buy newspaper(目的):why does
•提问goes to ……: what does
2. It takes Mike thirty minutes to go to work by car.