Have用法

一、have作实意动词。

1.表示“有”的意思。

I have an English book.

He had fair hair and blue eyes.

〔注1〕：其否定和疑问形式变化，在美国通常用助动词do。

〔注2〕：在英国口语中常用have got代替have.

I haven't got any jewelry.

Have you got any jewelry?

have got 和have意思一样，都有"有"的意思，have got多用于口语。他们在下面情况下可以互换。

①I have a pen. I have got a pen. “有”

②I have a headache. I have got a headache. “得病”

③have to = have got to

以上三种情况have =have got

have got 是英式英语的用法，一般用语口语，非正式语言。通常美国人用have

2.have和一些其他名词连用，表示：

(1)一种活动。

We have no classes on Sunday.（上课）

T hey’re going to have a volleyball match.（举行比赛）

Are we going to have a meeting this week?（开会）

We are going to have a talk this afternoon.（听报告）

(2)患病。

I have got a headache.

I have a bad cold.

(3)发生的情况。

I've had so many falls that I'm black and blue all over.（跌跤）

(4)生育。

The queen ant may have tens of thousands of babies in one summer.

3.和''一''与''动词同形的名词''连用，表示一个动作（have＋a＋由动词转化和名词）。

Are you going to have a swim.

I have a long talk with the teacher.

4.have on sth.或have sth. on，表示“穿着”、“戴着”(=to be wearing)。

I noticed he had on bedroom slippers.

At the ball, Mary had a diamond necklace on.

5.表示“吃”、“喝”。

I wanted to have a cup of tea and some eggs.

Does she have lunch at home?

6.组成复合结构即“have＋宾语＋宾语补足语”。(使役动词)

(1)不加to的动词不定式作宾语补足语(have sb. do sth.)，表示让、叫某人做某事。

The soldier had him stand with his back to his father.

〔注〕：否定结构表示“不能让…”或“从未有人…”.

We won't have you blame it on others.

I have my children clean the house before you arrive．

在你们来之前，我让孩子们把屋子打扫干净了。

(2)现在分词作宾语补足语(have sb.(sth.)doing)，表示让（使）某人做某事。

I won't have you smoking in the sitting room．

我不许你在起居室里抽烟。

(3)过去分词作宾语补足语(have sb. (sth.)done)，表示：

使（让，请）别人作某事，表示的动作是别人做的。

I had my pocket picked on the subway．我在地铁里，口袋被人掏了。

二、have与to一起构成情态动词，表示“不得不”、“必须”，可用于各种时态。

〔注1〕：在表示一次性动作时，have to和have got to 是能够互换的

〔注1〕：其他情况下用have to

I have (got) to be back by ten o’clock.

I have to look after her at home.

Do you have to look after her at home?

三、have做助动词与动词的过去分词一起构成现在完成时和过去完成时。

Great changes have taken place the last two years.

Have great changes taken place the last two years?

【练一练】

I have some activities this weekend.（变一般疑问句）

I have been to France. （变一般疑问句）

If you want to be an actor, you____________(不得不) take acting lessons. (10,上城区,八上,期

末)

We teenagers need to __________(睡觉) at least eight hours’ sleep a night because lack of sleep will badly affect on health and study. （2011 九上杭外第一次月考）

---Oh, my God! We _________missed (已经错过)the last bus. What should we do? [12 建兰九下质检]

-I’m afraid we have no decision but to take a taxi.

使役动词练习

1.I’m terribly sorry to have water _____ all the time after use . I forgot to turn it off.

A. run

B. ran

C. to run

D. running

E. to be running

2.I had my legs ___ while climbing the mountain , which prevented me from going to school

for several months.

A. broken

B. being broken

C. having broken

D. to be broken

3.Even if you are much too busy , you shall have this job ____ before next Sunday .

A. doing

B. do

C. done

D. to be done

E. being done

F. be done

G. to do

4.Sorry to disturb you , but I have some problems ____.

A. to ask

B. ask

C. to be asked

D. be asked

E. asking

5.Do you have anything ____ ? I am going shopping in the shop upstairs.

A. bought

B. to buy

C. buy

D. to be bought

E. being bought

【真题赏析】

找出have，说说它的意思。（不需要做题目）

1.--Why not go swimming with me this evening? (2012 杭州中考模拟)

--I’m so tired after _________ work, so I have to have a good rest.

A.four hours’

B. four hours

C. four hour’s

D. fourth hours’

2.If you can speak good_______, you will have a lot more fun than a fresh-hand in Australia.

（12中考模拟）

A. French

B. English

C. Japanese

D. Chinese

3.---I have just bought a new car. Shall we go for a _________ on Saturday?（10 杭州拱墅区

模拟）