四级英语语法重点难点回顾

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表示倍数的比较级有如下几种句型:
A is three (four,etc.) times the size (height, length, width,etc) of B.
The new building is four times the size (the height) of the old one.
a bit,a little,still,much,far, yet, by far 等修饰:He works even harder than
before.
注意:by far 通常用于强调最高级。用于比较级时,一般放在比较级的后面, 如放在前面,应
在二者中间加“the”。
He is taller by far than his brother.
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I'm not nearly ready.
在 any, no, none, never 前用 almost, 不用 nearly。例如:
I almost never see her.
need 表示“需要”或“必须”,作情态动词时,仅用于否定句或疑问句中。在肯定句中一般用
must, have to, ought to 或 should 代替。例如:
例如:Your school is three times bigger than ours.
你们的学校比我们的学校大三倍。
表示两倍可以用 twice 或 double。
表示“最高程度”的形容词,如 excellent,extreme,perfect 等,没有最高级,也不能用
比较级。
如果复数名词前有 many、few,不可数名词前有 much、little 等表示量的形容词时,该
nearly 几乎
bad/ill,badly worse worst little less least
表示一方不及另一方时,用“less+原级+than”的结构表示:This room is less beautiful
than that one.
表示一方超过另一方的程度或数量时,可在比较级前加表示程度的状语,如:even,a lot,
但如果主语用 a kind of , a pair of , a series of 等加名词构成时, 谓语动词一般用单数
形式。A pair of shoes was on the desk.
并列主语如果指的是同一个人、同一事物或同一概念时, 谓语动词用单数形式, 这时 and
后面的名词没有冠词。例如:
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amount of 修饰不可数名词, 其短语作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。
关系代词 who, that, which 等在定语从句中作主语时, 其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的
A knife and fork is on the table.
当主语后面跟有 as well as, as much as , no less than, along with, with, like, rather
than, together with, but, except, besides, including, in addition to 等引导的词组
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Truth and honesty is the best policy.
The girl's teacher and friend is a young doctor.
To love and to be loved is the great happiness.
Going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit.
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主谓一致常考难题:
Five minutes is enough to do this exercise.
Each boy and each girl wants to serve the people in future.
More than one student has seen the film.
He is by far the taller of the two brothers.
某些以-or 结尾的形容词进行比较时,用 to 代替 than。superior,junior,senior 等。
He is superior to Mr Wang in mathematics.
在比较从句中为了避免重复通常用 that(those),one(ones)代替前面出现的名词。that
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背单词,贵在坚持,重在方法
词。
1/2 one(a) half 1/4 one(a) quarter
形容词的顺序:
系动词 be,grow,get,become,feel,appear,prove,seem,look,keep,smell,
taste,sound,turn,remain 限定词+数量形容词(序数词在前,基数词在后)+性状形容
数一致。例如:
Those who want to go please sign your names here.
Some of the energy that is used by man comes from the sun.
季节、月份、星期、节日、假日、一日三餐、学科名称,球类、棋类名词名称前一般不加冠
有些动词形式上是主动结构,但表示被动的意思。常见的有可和 well, easily 等副词连用的
不及物动词 sell,wash,write,read,clean,cook 等。例如:
The cloth washes well.这布很经洗。
freely 自由地,无拘束地
hardly 几乎不
lately 近来
mostly 主要地
6)wide 广阔地,充分地 widely 广泛地
7)high 高
8)deep 深,迟
highly 高度地,非常地
deeply 抽象意义的“深”
9)loud 大声地
10)near 邻近
loudly 大声地(含有喧闹的意思)
You should have started earlier.
“ought to have done”表示过去应做某事而实际未做。
You ought to have helped him (but you didn't)
书报的标题,小说等情节介绍常用一般现在时。
表示感觉,愿望和状态的某些动词如 have, be, hear, see, like 等词一般不用进行时。
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某些以-ly 结尾的词是形容词而不是副词:friendly,lively, lovely,lonely,likely,
deadly,silly,orderly, timely 等。
1)close 接近地
2)free 免费地
3)hard 努力地
4)late 晚,迟 5)moFra bibliotekt 极,非常
closely 仔细地,密切地
时, 其谓语动词的单、复数按主语的单、复数而定。例如:
The teacher as well as the students was excited.
The room with its furniture was rented.
A (great) number of 修饰可数复数名词, 谓语动词用复数; a great deal of,a large
Many a ship has been damaged in the storm.
More members than one are against your plan.
一些有两个部分构成的名词表示衣物或工具作主语时, 谓语通常用复数形式:glasses,
clothes, trousers, shoes, compasses, chopsticks, scissors 等。
这座新楼是那座旧楼的四倍大(四倍高)。[高三倍]
A is three (four, etc.) times as big (high, long, wide, etc.) as B.
Asia is four times as large as Europe.亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。
A is three (four,etc.) times bigger (higher, longer, wider) than B.
together.
但 little 不表示数量而表示“小”的意思时,仍用 such。如:
They are such little children that the they cannot clean the house by themselves.
6)almost 与 nearly
在 very, pretty, not 后用 nearly, 不用 almost。例如:
用 so 而不用 such。如:
I've had so many falls that I'm black and blue all over.
Mr White got so little money a month that he could hardly keep body and soul
词+大小、长短、高低等形体+新旧+颜色+国藉+材料
Those three beautiful large square old brown wood table
某些以 a-开首的形容词例如:afraid,alike,alone,asleep,awake, alive 等只能作
表语,不能作定语。
指物,one 既可指人,也可指物。that 可代替可数名词单数和不可数名词,而 one 只能代
替可数名词。例如:
The book on the table is more interesting than that on the desk.
A box made of iron is stronger than one made of wood.
You needn't come so early.
Need I finish the work today? --Yes, you must.
注意:needn't have done“表示本来不必做某事而实际上做了某事”。例如:You needn't
have waited for me.
“should have done”表示应该做到而实际上没有做到。
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