2020高考英语阅读理解解题技巧专项突破四：阅读理解专题之写作目的题(含答案).doc

专题 4 阅读理解专题之----写作目的题

【设问形式】

写作目的题常见设问形式：

推断写作目的题的设问题干中常有purpose, 或后面接表示目的的动词不定式，如: to, in order to, meant to 等。可以提问对整篇文章的目的，对文章某一段落或某一部分的目的，或者对某处细节的写作意图推断。

比如：

1）What is the writer’s purpose in writing the passage?

2）What is the purpose of the ...part of the text?

3）What is the purpose of the passage?

4）What is the main purpose of ...?

5）...are mentioned in the ...paragraph to ...

......

【考查方式】

高考阅读理解推断写作目的或意图题要求考生根据文章的论述，推测作者的写作意图及应用某种写作手法的目的。作者一般不会直接陈述自己的意图，而是通过文章中提供的一些事实或表述来使读者信服某种观点或看法。此类题型主要考查学生对文章内容准确理解，分析和归纳总结作者阐述的问题及写作手法的能力。

推断作者写这篇文章的目的，要综合考虑文章的主旨和文章的文体：

1）写作目的与文章主旨密切相关，因此，可以用略读法，重点关注文章的首尾段和各段的首尾句，找到主题句，抓出文章的主旨，然后通过主旨来推断作者的写作目的。通常议论文、新闻报道、说明文等，主题句多在开头，可以快速推断出作者的写作目的。

2）作者的写作目的还和文章的文体密切相关，所以我们可以通过分析文章的文体来做出推断。

①议论文的目的通常是说服读者接受或赞同作者的某一观点或倡导某种做法。

②说明文的目的通常是使读者获得某种知识、提出某种建议、劝告或呼吁对某种现象或某个问题给予重视。

③记叙文的目的一般是分享一段有趣的经历，告诉读者一个有趣的故事，读者从中得到乐趣；如果是夹叙夹议的文章，目的一般是表达作者感悟或给读者某种启示。

④广告类文章作者一般是推销某种产品或服务，所以目的通常是吸引更多的顾客、游客、读者、观众等。

实战演练

【例题】

1.2017 全国卷Ⅱ B

I first met Paul Newman in 1968, when George Roy Hill, the director of Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid, introduced us in New York City. When the studio didn’t want me for the film - it wanted somebody as well known as Paul - he stood up for me. I don’t know how many people would have done that; they would have listen ed to their agents or the studio powers.

The friendship that grew out of the experience of making that film and The Sting four years later had its root in the fact that although there was an age difference, we both came from a tradition of theater and live TV. We were respectful of craft（技艺）and focused on digging into the characters we were going to play. Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of American actors: humorous, aggressive, and making fun of each other - but always with an underlying affection. Those were also at the core（核心）of our relationship off the screen.

We shared the belief that if you’re fortunate enough to have success, you should put something back - he with his Newman’s Own food and his Hole in the Wall camps for kids who are seriously ill, and me with Sundance and the institute and the festival. Paul and I didn’t see each other all that regularly, but sharing that brought us together. We supported each other financially and by showing up at events.

I last saw him a fe w months ago. He’d been in and out of the hospital.He and I both knew what the deal was,and we didn’t talk about it.Ours was a relationship that didn’t need a lot of words.

27.What is the author’s purpose in writing the test?

A.To show his love of films.

B.To remember a friend.

C.To introduce a new movie.

D.To share his acting experience.

解析：B 根据全文内容，尤其是第一段中的“I first met Paul Newman in 1968”以及最后一段中的“I last saw him a few months ago”可知，该篇文章的目的是回忆以为好朋友，所以选B项。

2.2017 全国卷1 A

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