基于物联网的智能农业系统设计及实现

题目：基于物联网的智能农业系统设计及实现

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前言

物联网被认为是继计算机、互联网与移动通信网之后的世界信息产业第三次浪潮。物联网以感知为前提，实现人与人、人与物、物与物全面互联的网络。在物体上植入各种微型芯片，用这些传感器获取物理世界的各种信息，再通过局部的无线网络、互联网、移动通信网等各种通信网路交互传递，从而实现对世界的感知。物联网在农业上的应用将会使农业生产方式产生重大变革，会急速促进我国农业生产问题上面临的种种问题。

摘要

物联网作为信息产业的第三次浪潮,在农业中的应用将会解决一系列科学技术问题,例如分布在广域空间的信息获取,高效可靠的信息传输以及面向不同应用的智能决策等,将是实现传统农业向现代农业转变的助推器和加速器。农业生产过程中,温度、湿度、光照强度、C02浓度、水分以及其他养分等多种自然因素共同影响农作物的生长,传统农业的管理方式远远没有达到精细化管理的标准,只能算是粗放式管理,在这种管理方式下,通过人的感知能力管理上述环境参数,无法达到准确性要求,要实现现代农业的智能化管理,建立一个实用、可靠、可长期监测的农业环境监测系统是非常必要的。因此,本文设计了基于物联网的智能农业监测系统,该系统能够准确实时的获取农作物生长的环境信息并对这些信息进行远程监测。论文首先详细阐述物联网和农业物联网的内涵和体系结构、农业物联网的关键技术和未来发展。介绍了数据融合的相关概念,并提出了KDF算法用于系统对感知数据的处理。KDF算法是基于卡尔曼滤波的数据融合算法,能够达到减少冗余信息、降低能量消耗以及消除干扰使获得的感知数据更加准确的目的。其次,论文给出了系统的总体设计,并根据设计要求,以MSP430F5438微处理器、射频模块CC2520、射频放大前端CC2591以及SHT10温湿度传感器等环境感知传感器为核心,构建了传感器硬件节点。传感器节点的软件以Z-Stack协议栈为基础,成功的实现了无线Mesh网络的组建和数据的可靠传输。最后,论文介绍了上位机监测软件,上位机监测软件基于B/S架构,使用JSP语言在MyEclipse环境下开发,具有良好的人机交互前台界面；后台采用MySQL数据库,完成环境参数数据和其他有用信息的存储；将整个系统通过Tomcat服务器在线发布,系统便可以接入到Internet中,形成“底层(传感器)—Internet网络—远程监控”的结构,使连入互联网的计算机均可以访问。对系统从功能实现角度来开展的实验结果显示,该系统可以正常稳定的工作,无线传感器节点可以正常构建无线Mesh网络,可以进行数据可靠传输,系统通过Tomcat服务器在线发布,用户可以在任何—台与Internet相连的PC机上登录本系统进行数据查询和系统管理,实现远程监测的功能,并且本系统采用的节能机制达到了很好的节能效果,且采集数据的精度符合要求。

关键词：农业物联网；无线传感器网络；数据融合； B/S架构

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT

The Internet of things as the third wave of information industry, its application in agriculture will solve the problem of a series of science and technology, such as distributed in wide area space information acquisition, high efficient and reliable information transmission, and geared to the needs of different applications of intelligent decision-making, etc., will is a booster to the transformation of traditional agriculture to modern agriculture and the accelerator. Agricultural production process, the temperature, humidity, light intensity, concentration of our fleet, moisture, and other nutrients such as the growth of the crops, the common effect of natural factors of traditional agricultural management way far not reached the standard of fine management, can be extensive management, in this kind of management mode, through people awareness of management environment of these parameters, cannot meet the accuracy requirements, in order to realize intelligent management of modern agriculture, to establish a practical, reliable, long-term monitoring of agricultural environment monitoring system is very necessary. Therefore, this article designed the agriculture intelligent monitoring system based on Internet of things, the system can accurately in real time for the growth of the crops and environmental information for remote monitoring of the information. Paper first elaborated the connotation of Internet of things and Internet of things of agriculture and architecture, the key technology of Internet of things of agriculture and the development in the future. Introduces the related concepts of data fusion, and proposed the KDF algorithm for system processing of sensory data. KDF algorithm is the data fusion algorithm based on kalman filter, can achieve reduce the redundant information and reduce energy consumption, and eliminate the interference to make a more accurate perception of the data obtained. Secondly, the paper gives the overall design of the system, and according to the design requirements, with MSP430F5438 microprocessor CC2520, rf module, rf amplifier front-end CC2591 and SHT10 such as temperature and humidity environment perception as the core, to build a sensor node hardware. Sensor node software based on the Z - Stack protocol Stack, successful implementation of the wireless Mesh network form and reliable transmission of data. Finally, the paper introduces the PC monitoring software, PC monitoring software based on B/S structure, using JSP language under the environment of MyEclipse development, has a good human-computer interaction interface at the front desk; The background using the MySQL database, complete environmental parameter data and other useful information storage; The entire online system by the Tomcat server, the system will be able to access to the Internet, the formation of "the underlying (sensor), the Internet network, remote monitoring of the structure, make the computer are connected to the Internet can access. The system from the perspective of functions in order to develop the experimental results show that the system can be normal and stable work, wireless sensor nodes can be normal to build wireless Mesh network, can undertake data reliable transmission, online system by the Tomcat server, the user can in any PC - units are connected to the Internet login this system for data query and management, realize the function of remote monitoring, and this system adopts the mechanism of energy saving achieved good energy saving effect, and data accuracy meets the requirements.

Keywords: Agricultural Internet of things; Wireless sensor network (WSN); Data fusion; B/S architecture