状语从句主谓成分的省略

状语从句主谓成分的省略

状语从句主谓成分的省略是英语语言在使用过程中出现的一种较普遍的语法现象，它能使语言言简意赅。

Though understanding no Chinese, the American girl was able to communicate with the other students in her class.

When asking the teacher, he was very polite.

Until finished, the problem was a continuous worry to me.

He’ll go to the seaside for his holiday if (it is) possible.

一、状语从句主谓成分的省略，须遵循下面原则：

（一）当从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，从句可以省略主语，从句的谓语动词采用其V-ing 结构。例如：

Although working very hard, he failed in the final exam. (Although he worked very hard,…)

After t aking the medicine, she felt much better. (After she took the medicine,…)

If going there by air, we’ll have to pay twice the fare. (If we go there by air,…)

（二）当从句的主语和主句的主语一致时，若从句的谓语动词是系动词be或包含be的某种形式，此时从句的主语和be动词通常可以一同省略。常见于以下几种形式:

1、连词+形容词

Whenever (she is) free, she often goes shopping.她有空就去逛商店。

Work hard when (you are) young, or you'll regret.少壮不努力,老大徒伤悲。

She hurried out of the room, as if (she was) angry.

2、连词+名词

While (he was) a young boy, he was always ready to help others.他在孩提时代就乐于助人。

He could write poems when (he was) yet a child.

3、连词+现在分词

While (she was) walking along the river bank, she was singing a pop song.她沿着河堤边走边唱着流行歌曲。

The boy is running impatiently here and there as if (he is) searching for something lost on the sports ground. 这男孩很不耐心地在操场上到处跑着仿佛在找什么东西。

4连词+过去分词

If (it is) well read, the book will give you much to think.

Unless (they were) asked to answer questions, the students were not supposed to talk in Prof. Li’s class.

5连词+不定式

He stood up as if (he were) to say something.当时他站起来好像要说什么。

He wouldn't solve the problem even if (he were) to take charge.即使他来负责,他也解决不了这

个问题。

6、连词+介词短语

She looked anxious as though (she was) in trouble.她看上去很焦急,好像遇到了麻烦。

He looked everywhere as if (he was)in search of something .他到处看似乎在找什么东西。

He came across the picture while (he was) on a visit to New York.

（三）若从句的主语和主句的主语不一致，但和主句的宾语一致时，从句中的主语和be动词亦常可省略。例如：

Father advised me not to say anything until (I was) asked.

Granny told the children not to talk while (they were) eating.

（四）当从句的主语是it, 且谓语动词是be或包含be的某种形式时, it和be常可同时省略。例如:

If (it is) possible, he will help you out of the difficulty.如果可能的话,他会帮你摆脱困境。

You must attend the meeting unless (it is) inconvenient to you.除非情况对你来说不方便,否则你必须出席这次会议。

二、从状语从句的类别看，此种省略常见于一下几种情形

（一）时间状语从句

常用于由when, while, before, after, whenever, till, until, since, once, as soon as等引导的时间状语从句。

When (she was) very young, she began to learn to play the piano. 她很小时，就开始学习弹钢琴。

When arriving, send me a telegram. (When you arrive, send me a telegram.) 到达之后，来个电报。

While (I was) at college, I began to know him, a strange but able student. 我在上大学时就开始

认识他，一个奇怪但有能力的学生。

Before leaving, turn off all the lights. (Before you leave, turn off all the lights.) 走之前，请关闭所有的灯。

Whenever (it is ) possible, you should come and help. 不管什么时候只要有可能就来帮忙。Don’t come in until (you are) asked to. 不叫你请你不要进来。

You should let us know the result as soon as (it is) possible. 你应尽快让我们知道结果。

（二）让步状语从句