动词的时态和语态常考点归纳

动词的时态和语态常考点归纳
Ⅰ时态类型：
1.一般过去时
2.一般将来时
3.现在进行时
4.现在完成时
5.一般过去时
6.过去将来时
7.过去进行时
8.过去完成
时9.将来完成时10.现在完成进行时
(一) 一般现在时
1.表示经常，习惯，客观存在，真理等概念的句子。

时间状语常为：
always,often,usually,sometimes,seldom,occasionally,now and then,every time等。

Exercises:
1.When I see Jane in the street, she always ___ at me.
A smiled
B has smiled
C was smiling
D smiles
2.Who___ to school earliest in your class every morning?
A come
B comes
C is coming
D are coming
3.Sound travels in the same way as light ____.
A does
B do
C travel
D travelled
4.Wherever I ____ these days,I always carry my umbrella.
A am going
B shall go
C go
D should go
(1---4DBAC)
2.条件句，时间状语从句和其他一些状语从句中用一般现在时，主句用will将来时。

常见连词：if, unless,before, as soon as,when, once, however等。

Exerceses:
1.Unless he____ to help us, we shall lose the game.
A promises
B will promise
C would promise
D had promised
2.Would you please give him this message the moment he ___ .
A arrives
B arrived
C will arrive
D will be arriving
3.However hard you ____, you will never succeed in pleasing her.
A should try
B will try
C would try
D try
4.I’ m sure he ’llcome to see me before he ___ Bei jing.
A leave
B left
C will leave
D leaves
5.We will not come to see me until we ___ a chance to discuss the problem thoroughly.
A are having
B had
C have
D will have
6.I don’t know when he ____, but when he ___, I’ll speak to him.
A will come; comes
B comes;comes
C comes;will come
D will come; will come
7.It won’t be long before such a thing ___ again.
A will happen
B happens
C is happened
D happened
8.You ’d better set about doing your homework now, or it ___too late.
A is
B was
C has been
D will be
(1---8AADDCABD)
3.表达时间表时。

如：We leave Qingdao at 5:00a.m and arrive in Xuzhou at 7:00p.m..
(二) 一般将来时
1.will和shall表将来，另外will还有其特别的含义：a.表示客观必然 b.表意志，意愿 c.表功能/习惯性倾向。

Exercises:
1.The boy is ill,He___ absent from school for at least a week.
A has to
B is to
C will have to
D will have to be
2.Some day you ____ your foolish behaviour.
A answer for
B are answered for
C will answer for
D will be answered for
3.Don’t get that ink on your skirt, for it ___.
A won’t wash out
B won’t be washing out
C isn’t washing out
D doesn’t wash away.
4.Next year,my little sister ____ ten years old.
A is to be
B is going to be
C shall be
D will be
（1---4DCAD）
2. be going to表示计划，打算将来要做的事，或推测将来要发生的事。

（表示动作移动的词用进行时表示将来：come, leave, teturn, go, set out, meet, open, die, arrive, start.)
Exercises:
1.There ___ an English evening next Saturday.
A will have
B is to have
C is going to be
D is going to do (1C)
3. be to do表示计划，说话人的意志或应该。

如：1)We are to go there tomorrow.2)You are to hand in your homework this afternoon. 3)What am I to do then?
4.be about todo sth.表示马上就要发生的事。

5.情态动词表将来(may,must, need, dare, should,ought to,would rather, had better)
(三) 现在进行时
1.现阶段或现在正在进行
Exercises:
1.How ___you ___ on with your work recently?
A do, get
B have,get
C were ,getting
D are, getting
2.If you climb mountains in such bad weather, you ___ trouble.
A ask for
B are asking for
C ask
D are asking
3.She ___ when I go to see her.
A is always working
B always worked
C has always worked
D was always working
4.They won’t buy any new clothes because they ___ money to buy a color TV set.
A save
B were saving
C is saving
D are saving
(1---4DBAD)
2.不用进行时的动词：
A. 表状态的词：be, stay, remain,exist,belong to.
B.表示心理状态的词：remember,know,believe,want,need,understand,forget,please,
respect,prefer,mind,like,agree,wish,hope,appreciate,recognize,mean,care,dislike,love,hate,fear.
C.非延续性动词：accept,allow,complete,decede,end,admit.
D.感官动词：see, look,hear,notice,smell.
(四) 现在完成时
1.到目前为止已发生的动作或已有的经验，或强调现在的结果。

时间状语通常为：already,yet, by this
time,just,ever,never,now,before,several times,since,up to now,so far,recently,lately,for a long time,the last\the past + 时段。

Exerceses:
1.When you ___ all the things, please let me know.
A will finish to move
B finish to move
C will finish moving
D have finished moving
2.In the past three years,he ___the country twice.
A visit
B is visiting
C had visited
D has visited
3.Great changes ____ in the last ten years in China.
A took place
B have taken place
C were taking place
D had taken place
4.Once you ___ a promise, you must carry it out.
A will make
B made
C have made
D had made
5.-----Where___ you put the ruler?I can’t see it anywhere.
-----I put it right here, but now it is ___.
A have; gone
B did;missed
C had; going
D will; missing
(1---5DDBCA)
2.have gone\have been
3.用于条件句中表示将来完成。

(五) 一般过去时
1.有确定的过去时间，过去地点，或过去的人等信息，时间状语常用：yeaterday, last night, the year before last,two days ago, the other day,just now,in 1960, at that time等。

Exercises:
1.___ you ___ to the 6:30 news?
A Have;listened
B Did;listen
C had ;listened
D Would;listening
2.Charlies Dickens ____ a lot of famous novels.
A wrote
B was writing
C has written
D had written
3.The Anti-Japanese War ___ in1937 and it ___ eight years.
A was broken out ;lasted
B broke out;lasted
C break out; lasts
D broke out; last
(1---3BAB)
2.since之后用过去时。

3.表示两个紧密相连的动作时，连词有: when, as soon as ,immediately, the moment,the minute. Exerceses:
1.The moment I ___ her, I know something ____ wrong.
A have seen ;gone
B had seen;had
C saw; was
D see; had gone
2.As soon as I___ the crossroad, the traffic light ___ red.
A had come to;turned
B had come to;had turned
C came to;turned
D have come to;had turned
3.There was complete silence,when he ___ the radio.
A has turned off
B turned off
C has turned off
D turns off
(1---3CCB)
4. 说话人说话时刚刚过去的动作
Exercises:
1.I’m sorry I ___ to come here for the meeting.
A have forgot to tell him
B have forgot telling him
C forgot telling him
D forgot to tell him
2.Oh,it’s you,I’m sorry I ___ know you ___here.
A don’t;are
B didn’t;are
C didn’t; were
D don’t ;w ere
3.Who do you think ___ him angry?
A made
B make
C to make
D making
4.What a nice bike!Where ___ you ___ it?
A do; buy
B have;bought
C did ;buy
D will;buy
(1---4DCAC)
5.情态动词+have done, but +过去时。

Exercises:
1.They should have cut away the jungle brush,but they___.
A don’t
B didn’t
C won’t
D shouldn’t (1B)
(六) 过去进行时
1.过去某个时间或某段时间内正在进行。

Exercises:
1.We didn’t go shopping yesterday because it ___ all day.
A raining
B would rain
C was raining
D had rained
2. She ___ the piano when I went to see her yesterday evening.
A played
B has played
C was playing
D is playing
(1---2CC)
2.根据上下文信息寻时态的呼应。

Exercises:
1.My family ____TV when my classmates ___ to see me.
A watched,was coming
B watching,coming
C will watch,come
D were watching,came
2.While he ___ a letter, the telephone ____.
A is writing,is ringing
B has written,has rung
C wrote,rang
D was writing,rang (1---2 DD)
(七)过去将来时
1.以过去某个时间为参照，将来发生的动作。

2.时态的呼应，常存在于宾语从句中或其它情况下。

Exercises:
1.He said he ___ free the next week.
A will be
B would be
C was
D had been
2.Joan asked Kate if she ___ the next day.
A left
B had left
C is going to leave
D was going to leave.
(1---2BD)
(八)过去完成时
1.表示动作发生在过去某个时间或动作之前。

（用于宾语从句或时态呼应中）
Exercises:
1.Upon arriving home the girl discovered that she___ her key at her friends’.
A left
B had left
C forgot
D had forgot
2.Mr White ,who I___ to the south of France, still lives in London.
A think to have moved
B think had moved
C thought have moved
D thought had moved
3.To my surprise,I found that he ___ his English so sapidly.
A improves
B improved
C has improved
D had improved
(1---3 DDD)
2.用于下列句型中，
1）过去完成时+before,when,by the time+一般过去时
2）过去完成时+by,up to,till+过去时间
3）一般过去时untill,after,+过去完成时
4）No sooner\Hardly\Scarcely had+主语+过去分词than\when+主语+一般过去时Exercises:
1.___ the time he was fourteen years old, he ___ advanced maths all by himself.
A At;learned
B On;had learned
C During; would learn
D By;had learned
2.When the firemen arrived ,the fire___put out.
A has
B had
C was
D had been
(1---2DD)
3.had thought(wanted ,hoped,expected...),but...
Exercises:
1.I ___ to help you but I couldn’t get there in time.
A want
B had wanted
C have wanted
D was wanting
2.His wife ___ to catch the last train, but she was late.
A hoped
B had hoped
C hopes
D would hope
3.The job proved to be much more difficult than I ___.
A expect
B expected
C would expect
D had expected
(1---3BBD)
(九) 将来完成时
表示到将来的某个时间为止要完成的动作或行为。

Exercises:
1.By the end of this century, we ___ours into a strong modern country.
A shall build
B are going to build
C will be building
D will have built (1D)
(十) 现在完成进行时
表示到现在为止还在进行的动作或行为。

Exercises:
1.The scientist ___ the experiment for half a year, but he ___ yet.
A made;didn’t succeed
B made; hasn’t succeeded
C was making;didn’t succeed
D has been making ; hasn’t su cceeded
2.I’m glad to see that you ___ a lot of progress since I ___you last.
A will make; have met
B have been making; met
C have made;met
D have made;meeting
(1---2DB)
Ⅱ语态
使用被动语态应注意：
(一)不及物动词无被动语态，如：happen,take place,break out，beong to等。

(二)动词短语变为被动语态应保留其介词，如：look after ,listen to, look at, call on等。

(三)get+过去分词表被动。

(四)主动表被动
1.物+be+adj.+不定式主动
2.感官动词在系表结构中
3.某些动词weigh,wash,sell, drink,pay, wear,keep,prove,+well,easily.
(五)某些特殊词seat oneself\ be seated \get seated; marry sb.\be \get married; dress sb.\be\get dressed
(六)被动语态常用介词
be invented by
be surprised/disappointed at
be interested/caught/engaged /lost/stuck/hidden in be devoted/used/engaged /known to
be covered/filled/satisfied with。