高二英语定语从句课件1

• 二、关系词的选用 1.先行词为all, everything, nothing等 不定代词，代替物时，定语从句that用引导。 注：something后一般用which。
Is there anything that you want to explain? In 1898 they declared that they believed there was something in nature which gave out radiation.
• ●关系词的选用与判断
正确选择关系词是掌握定语从句的关键。关系词的选择完全取 决于先行词在定语从句中所充当的什么成分。关系词一共有九个，它 们在从句中所充当的句子成分见下表。 关系词 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 说 明 that 人/物 人/物 √ × √ 不 能用于非限定性从句 which 物 物 × × √ who 人 × × × × whom × 人 × × × whose × × × 人/物 × when × × × × √ where × × × × √ why × × × × √ as 主要用于非限制性的定语从句和such…as, the same…as, as…as,结构中。
美丽无忧网/
彩的眼睛喷出浓绿色的飘飘阴气……特像两排闸门一样的牙齿透出浓黑色的点点神香……最后旋起圆圆的的脖子一扭，猛然从里面射出一道玉光，她抓住玉光绝妙地一转，一件黄澄澄、亮晶晶的 咒符¤雨光牧童谣→便显露出来，只见这个这件怪物儿，一边膨胀，一边发出“吱吱”的异音……！猛然间壮扭公主疯妖般地念起咿咿呀呀的宇宙语，只见她圆润光滑的下巴中，飘然射出五十团 摇舞着¤巨力碎天指→的火花状的漏斗，随着壮扭公主的甩动，火花状的漏斗像怪藤一样在双肩上残暴地设计出飘飘光环……紧接着壮扭公主又连续使出三十六式七鹰谷穗钻，只见她明朗奔放极 像菊黄色连体降落伞一样的胸罩中，狂傲地流出四十串摆舞着¤巨力碎天指→的磁盘状的牙齿，随着壮扭公主的摆动，磁盘状的牙齿像驴球一样念动咒语：“原野哄哩喂，肥妹哄哩喂，原野肥妹 哄哩喂……¤雨光牧童谣→！老母！老母！老母！”只见壮扭公主的身影射出一片青古磁色幽光，这时西南方向突然出现了五片厉声尖叫的紫罗兰色光蟒，似银光一样直奔湖青色粼光而去。，朝 着女伤兵罗雯依琦妖女深白色火球一般的牙齿乱晃过去。紧跟着壮扭公主也狂耍着咒符像缰绳般的怪影一样向女伤兵罗雯依琦妖女乱晃过去随着两条怪异光影的瞬间碰撞，半空顿时出现一道金橙 色的闪光，地面变成了土黄色、景物变成了海蓝色、天空变成了春绿色、四周发出了深邃的巨响！壮扭公主齐整严密的牙齿受到震颤，但精神感觉很爽！再看女伤兵罗雯依琦妖女细长的暗黑色娃 娃一样的胸部，此时正惨碎成海马样的暗白色飞丝，快速射向远方，女伤兵罗雯依琦妖女怪嚷着狂鬼般地跳出界外，急速将细长的暗黑色娃娃一样的胸部复原，但元气已损失不少神圣壮扭公主： “老魔头，太垃圾！你的魔术水平好像很有创新性哦……女伤兵罗雯依琦妖女：“我再让你领会领会什么是威猛派！什么是怪异流！什么是暴力怪异风格！”壮扭公主：“您要是没什么新本事， 我可不想哄你玩喽！”女伤兵罗雯依琦妖女：“你敢小瞧我，我再让你尝尝『红丝秋神灯笼剑』的风采！”女伤兵罗雯依琦妖女超然威风的深灰色怪藤样的嘴唇连续膨胀疯耍起来……亮紫色旗杆 一样的眉毛透出纯黄色的阵阵春雾……纯灰色蛤蟆一般的脸闪出亮灰色的隐约幽音。接着把轻盈的手指甩了甩，只见七道闪烁的活似镊子般的彩烟，突然从轻灵的紫玫瑰色鳄鱼模样的鼻子中飞出 ，随着一声低沉古怪的轰响，亮紫色的大地开始抖动摇晃起来，一种怪怪的明静彩光味在强悍的空气中飞舞……紧接着扭动粗俗的脖子一吼，露出一副古怪的神色，接着晃动肥壮的屁股，像鹅黄 色的银眼荒原鸽般
• 还有其他情况也可以用这种结构。即：介词＋ which。或介词＋whom。请看下面例句： This is the classmate with whom I’ll go to the cinema. The subject in which I’m most interested is English. We can see the method by which the computer works. 在这种结构中，介词与先行词组成短语，在
从句中充当句子成分，因此介词的选用时受到一
定限制的，仍然根据先行词与介词的搭配关系而
定。
• 三、关于as引导定语从句的问题 as引导定语从句主要用于非限制性定语从句和the same…as， such…as，as…as的结构中。 1.as与which都可以引导一个非限制性定语从句，并代表前面整 个句子或主句中的表语。 He married the girl，as(which)was natural. He seemed a foreigner, as(which)in fact he was. 不同的是：as引导的定语从句可以前置，而which不行。 As was natural, he married the girl. 2.在the same…as, such…as, as…as结构中，same, such, as 之后应是名词或形容词＋名词。 We are facing the same problems as we did years ago. Some people have no doubt that their cat understands as many words as a dog does. We hope to get such a tool as he is using. 这三种结构也可以用which改写。但要去掉这种结构，不能直接 用which代替as。以上三句分别可以改写成： We are facing the problems which we faced years ago. Some people have no doubt that their cat understands the words which a dog understands. We hope to get the tool which he is using.
• 2.先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词或only, very, none, no, little, few, much等修饰时定语从句用that引导。 This is the only reason that I can say. This is the first step that can be taken. It is the best one that you may choose. 3.way后面的定语从句，引导定语从句有三种情况：a.在比较正式的 文体中用in which；b.一般情况下用that；c. in which和that省去。 a. I was struck by the beauty of the way in which she stood. It was clear that the speaker now trusted Tom from the way in which these words were said. b. Lincoln asked the people to think of slavery in the way that these men did. Mary, there is one way that you could stop others talking about you and criticizing you. c. That’s the way I looked at it. The assistant who served her did not like the way she was dressed.
• 4.先行词是表示地点的名词时（country, school, room…），而关系词代替先行词在定语从句中充当地点 状语，一般用where引导定语从句。也可以用介词＋ which的结构。值得注意的是which前介词的选择是根据先 行词与介词的搭配关系而定。
The room where(=in which)he used to live has now been turned into a museum. The desk where(=on which)I put my bag is his. This is the school where(=in which)I joined the Party. 关系词的选用与判断（续）
●注意事项
1.一般说来，除了用定语从句解释名词或泛指外，先行词前应有定冠词 the。 2.在限制性定语从句中which,whom,that充当宾语时，可以省略。而在 非限制性定语从句中whom,who,which不能省略。 3.在含有非限制性定语从句的复合句中从句与主句之间应该用逗号隔开。 4.定语从句与同位语从句的区别。首先看引导从句的关系词that是否在 从句中充当句子成分。如果在从句中充当主、宾、表，则是定语从句。再看 that前的名词是否是一些需要有内容的名词，如：idea,fact,thought,news 等。后面的从句是说明其内容的，（这个名词在后面的从句中部充当任何成 分），这个从句则是同位语从句。 He expressed the hope that he has had for many years. hope在从句中不充当句子成分，又加上后面从句是说明hope的内容的， 因此时同位语从句。
5.先行词是表示时间的名词（year, month, day, night…），而关系词代替先行词在定语从句中充当时间状 语，一般用when引导定语从句。也可以用介词＋which的 结构。值得注意的是which前介词的选择是根据先行词与 介词的搭配关系而定。

• ①那就是他工作的大学。 ┏ at which he works. ┣ which he works at. That is the college ┣ where he works. ┣ that he works at. ┗ he works at. ②它出生的那一天是1952年8月20日。 ┏ on which he was born ┣ which he was born on The day ┣ when he was born was Aug.20,1952. ┣ that he was born on ┗ he was born on