高三英语知识梳理-重点句型及重点语法(选修9-10 期中总复习)-外研版

重点句型

学习目标：

复习选修9-10中的句型

重难点：

重点：

1. It is likely that their child will be born with a terrible, inherited illness.

2. It is so strange to see them standing there in columns, all dressed and ready for battle.

3. It was this 18-year-old German boy who invented a deadly computer programme that made their machines turn off.

难点：独立主格和强调句

考情分析：

独立主格结构是考查的重点和难点，且强调句型也高考的重点，特别是结合定语从句的考查。

重点语法

学习目标：

复习选修9-10中的语法

重难点：

重点：1. 定冠词the的用法；

2. that的用法；

3. time的用法。

难点：that的用法。

知识梳理：

重点句型

【句型学习】

1. It is likely that their child will be born with a terrible, inherited illness.

他们的孩子很有可能一出生就带有可怕的、遗传的疾病。

it is likely that…中it是形式主语，that从句是真正的主语。

（1）it is+形容词/名词/过去分词+that/wh-+从句；其中it是形式主语，后面的从句是真正的主语。

（2）likely和possible的区别；此处likely和possible可以互换，且likely的主语可以是人，而possible的主语不能是人。

①It is obvious to the students _______ they should get well prepared for their future.

A. as

B. which

C. whether

D. that

答案：D

思路分析：句意：很明显，学生们应该做好准备, 迎接他们的未来。分析句子结构，it为形式主语，代替that they should get well prepared for their future，且本句意思完整，故选D。

②对我来说环游世界是极有可能的。

__________________________ around the world.

答案：It is likely that I will make a tour

2. It is so strange to see them standing there in columns, all dressed and ready for battle.

看到他们按照编队站在那里，并且身穿盔甲准备战斗，感到很奇怪。

it是形式主语，动词不定式是真正的主语；all dressed and ready for battle是独立主格结构。

（1）独立主格结构的构成：

名词（代词）+现在分词、过去分词；

名词（代词）+形容词；名词（代词）+副词；名词（代词）+不定式；

名词（代词）+介词短语构成。

独立主格结构的特点：

①独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。

②名词或代词与后面的分词、形容词、副词、不定式、介词等是主谓关系。

③独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。

（2）表示伴随情况时，既可用分词的独立结构，也可用with的复合结构：with +名词（代词）+现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语。

Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow.

天气允许的话，我们明天去看你。

This done, we went home. 这项工作完成后，我们才回家。

The meeting gone over, everyone tried to go home earlier.

会议结束后，每个人都想早点回家。

He came into the room, his ears red with cold.

他回到了房间里，耳朵冻得红通通的。

He came out of the library, a large book under his arm.

他夹着本厚书，走出了图书馆

①____________ no bus, we had to walk home.

A. There being

B. Being

C. Having been

D. There was

答案：A

思路分析：句意：因为没有公共汽车，我们不得不步行回家。因为没有连词，所以D项排除，又因为是there be结构，并且需要独立主格结构作状语，故选择A。

②Silver is the best conductor of electricity, copper ___________ it closely.

A. followed

B. following

C. to follow

D. follows

答案：B

思路分析：句意：银是最好的导体，其次是铜。空格处不能用谓语动词，故排除A、D项，C项表目的或用于将来时，此处不合句意，B项表示伴随情况，符合题意。

3. It was this 18-year-old German boy who invented a deadly computer programme that made their machines turn off.

就是这个18岁的德国男孩发明了一个致命的电脑程序使他们的机器关闭的。

It was this 18-year-old German boy…that…是强调句型；who invented a deadly computer programme是定语从句

（1）强调句型的构成形式：It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分。

强调人时，用that，who均可。去掉It is/was…that/who…这一结构时，原句子仍然通顺完整。

（2）一般疑问句的强调句型：同上，只是把is/ was提到it前面。

（3）特殊疑问句的强调句型：被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其他部分？

（4）not…until…句型的强调句

句型为：It is/ was not until + 被强调部分 + that + 其他部分

It was yesterday that he met Li Ping.

昨天他遇到李萍了。

Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping？

他是昨天遇到的李萍吗？

When and where was it that you were born？

你是在什么时候、什么地方出生的？

It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.

直到他妻子回来他才去睡觉。

It was only after he had read the papers ________ Mr. Gross realized