余志远《英国国家概况》笔记和课后习题详解(美国 地理和历史)【圣才出品】
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第23章地理和历史
23.1 复习笔记
Ⅰ. Geographical Features
1. Size and location
2. T opography
3. Climate
4. Geographical regions
(1) Atlantic Provinces
(2) St. Lawrence-Great Lakes provinces
(3) The Canadian Shield
(4) The Prairie Provinces
(5) The province of British Columbia
(6) The northern Canada
Ⅱ. The Making of Canada
1. The European discovery
2. British Canada
3. Self-government and Confederation
4. The Canadian nation
Ⅰ. Geographical Features
1. Size and location
①Canada is the world’s second largest country after Russia. It has a land area of about 10 million square kilometers.
②Canada is wilderness, forest or frozen Arctic wasteland. Nearly 80 % of Canadians live in large cities near the border with the United States.
Ⅰ. 地理特征
1. 面积和位置
①加拿大是世界上面积第二大国家，仅次于俄罗斯。它的土地面积约1000万平方公里。
②加拿大大部分是荒野，森林或冰冻的北极荒地。近80%的加拿大人居住在美国边境附近的大城市里。
2. T opography
①Canada has an extremely varied topography. In the east the mountainous Maritime Provinces have an irregular coast line on the Gulf of St. Lawrence and the Atlantic. Westward towards the Pacific, the area is covered by mountain ranges from north to south including the Rockies.
②The two principal river systems are the Mackenzie and the St. Lawrence.
2. 地形
①加拿大的地形多种多样。东部多山的沿海诸省靠近圣劳伦斯河和大西洋，分布着不规则的海岸线。西太平洋地区从南到北覆盖着包括落基山脉在内的群山。
②两个主要的河流体系是麦肯齐河和圣劳伦斯河。
3. Climate
①The climate throughout Canada is varied. A humid continental climate can be found from eastern Canada to the Canadian prairie. A maritime climate is found in the southwestern part of British Columbia.
②Generally speaking the climate in Canada is unfavorable.
3. 气候
①加拿大的气候多种多样。东部地区到加拿大草原地区是潮湿的大陆性气候。不列颠哥伦比亚省西南部地区是海洋性气候。
②一般说来，加拿大的气候并不宜人。
4. Geographical regions
Canada is made up of ten provinces and two territories.
(1) Atlantic Provinces
①This region consists of hills which are northern extensions of the Appalachian Highlands and rolling plains.
②The tourist trade is an important part of the region’s economy.
4. 地理区域
加拿大由10个省和2个地区组成。
(1) 大西洋省份
①这个地区包括阿巴拉契亚高地北部延伸的丘陵和起伏的平原。
②旅游业是这个地区经济的重要组成部分。
(2) St. Lawrence-Great Lakes provinces
①This is the most highly developed part of Canada. Quebec is one of Canada’s two most important provinces. Montreal, the second largest city of Canada, is located here.
②Southeastern Ontario is the chief manufacturing district of Canada.
(2) 圣劳伦斯及五大湖省区
①这是加拿大最发达的地区。魁北克是加拿大最重要的两个省之一。加拿大第二大城市蒙特率位于此处。
②安大略省东南部是加拿大主要制造业基地。
(3) The Canadian Shield
It is a region of rounded hills, tens of thousands of lakes and swamp. The Shield contains a wealth of minerals, much water power and great forests.
(3) 加拿大地盾
该地区四面环山，有成千上万的湖泊和沼泽地。该地区有丰富的矿产和水资源，茂密的植被。
(4) The Prairie Provinces
①Much of the southern part of these provinces is made up of great stretches of level and fertile grasslands.
②The Prairie Provinces are thinly settled. Winnipeg is the chief city of the wheat region.