科技英语翻译-第9-章详解
科技英语翻译课后答案解析
科技英语翻译1.1 翻译的标准第1节翻译练习1The power plant is the heart of a ship.The power unit for driving the machines is a 50-hp induction motor.动力装置是船舶的心脏。
驱动这些机器的动力装置是一台50马力的感应电动机。
第1节翻译练习2Semiconductor devices, called transistors, are replacing tubes in many applications. Cramped conditions means that passengers’ legs cannot move around freely.All bodies are known to possess weight and occupy space.半导体装置也称为晶体管，在许多场合替代电子管。
我们知道，所有的物体都有重量并占据空间。
空间狭窄，旅客的两腿就不能自由活动。
第1节翻译练习3The removal of minerals from water is called softening.A typical foliage leaf of a plant belonging to the dicotyledons is composed of two principal parts: blade and petiole.去除水中的矿物质叫做软化。
双子叶植物典型的营养叶由两个主要部分组成：叶片和叶柄。
1.2 对译者的要求第4节翻译练习1Einstein’s relativity theory is the only one which can explain such phenomena.All four (outer planets) probably have cores of metals, silicates, and water.爱因斯坦的相对论是能解释这种现象的唯一理论。
研究生科技英语阅读课文翻译9
Unit 91 In popular culture, the term UFO–or unidentified flying object–refers to a suspected alien spacecraft, although its definition encompasses any unexplained aerial phenomena. UFO sightings have been reported throughout recorded history and in various parts of the world, raising questions about life on other planets and whether extraterrestrials have visited Earth. They became a major subject of interest–and the inspiration behind numerous films and books–following the development of rocketry after World War II.通俗地说，所谓 UFO--或者不明飞行物--指疑似外星人的飞船，不过它的定义也包括无法解释的空中现象。
在全世界各地不同时期都有 UFO 目击的报告，引起人们关于外星生命以及地外生命是否访问过地球的争论。
在二战后火箭技术的发展下，它们成了人们感兴趣的一大主题--也是数不清的电影和书籍背后的灵感来源。
Flying Saucers2 The first well-known UFO sighting occurred in 1947, when businessman Kenneth Arnold claimed to see a group of nine high-speed objects near Mount Rainier in Washington while flying his small plane. Arnold estimated the speed of the crescent-shaped objects as several thousand miles per hour and said they moved “like saucers skipping on water.” In the newspaper report that followed, it was mistakenly stated that the objects were saucer-shaped, hence the term flying saucer.飞碟首个著名的飞碟目击事件发生在 1947 年，一个叫 Kenneth Arnold 的商人声称他在华盛顿的雷尼尔山附近玩小型飞机模型时看到了一组9个高速移动的物体。
Unit 9 Science and Technology新编大学英语第二版第四册课文翻译
Unit 9 Science and TechnologyToo Fast?People who were born just before World War I remember waving at automobiles as they passed. Seeing a car was like watching a parade—exciting and out of the ordinary. The airplane—it was spelled "aeroplane" then—was another new invention. Refrigerators were "iceboxes," and a man delivered the ice for the box in the summer and the coal for the stove in the winter. Now, the iceman, like the blacksmith, survives only in literature.Today, change comes so fast that working people can become obsolete because their occupations vanish in the middle of their lives. Knowledge, and thus the rate of change, increases geometrically. Every idea gives birth to a dozen new ones, and each of them has a dozen children. The people of the pre-World War I generation had hardly assimilated the inventions of that era before they were attacked by a new batch of even more sophisticated inventions. The Atomic Age dawned in 1945, August 6 to be exact, and then, before we could catch our breath, the Space Age arrived.Change was not always this rapid. Certain important inventions, like the telephone, the airplane, the automobile, and the radio, had been invented by 1914, but the effects of these inventions upon the lives of ordinary citizens were not felt until many years later. We now have the technology to develop machines before people are ready to use them. For example, we have the technology to enable people to pay their bills by phone—but even people with phones resist. The change is too much too fast. People don't want to talk to machines, especially if the machines talk back to them.It is certain that technology, especially computer technology, will rule our lives to a greater and greater degree. This situation will not necessarily prove positive or negative in effect. Many people would be more comfortable if change came more slowly, but on the other hand, there are many for whom every innovation is like a new toy. They can't wait for the next invention to be available. When scientists talk about the remarkably adaptable nature of people, they probably have these people in mind.But there is a limit to everyone's ability to adapt. What will happen to us when change comes so rapidly that we can no longer adjust to it? These same scientists who talk about our adaptable nature also tell us that change is to some degree emotionally painful to everyone. What then, will happen to us when change comes so rapidly that we can no longer stand the pain, and we refuse to change?We have read a lot about scientific and technological change, but that is only part of the picture of modern life. There is often a great lag between scientific discovery andcultural acceptance. For example, Charles Darwin's theory of evolution, proposed over one hundred years ago and accepted by all serious scholars for generations, is still rejected by large segments of society. These segments see science as contradicting a higher religious authority. They see science as questioning and destroying their beliefs and culture.The problem is not easily solved because it is in the nature of science to question, and it is in the nature of human beings not to want to question the things they believe in. Science is not merely a field of study like chemistry or physics or biology. Science is a method of looking at the world, a method that requires an open mind, objectivity, and proof based upon observation or experimentation. It is a method that ignores religion, race, nationality, economics, morality, and ethics. It pays attention only to the results of research. The scientific method has shown us endless marvels and wonders, but methods can't provide all the answers. Science cannot tell us whether or not to drop a bomb: That is a moral or political question. Science only tells us how to make one.As we have already said, technological innovations are being made at faster and faster rates. The future will be even more revolutionary than the past. Will we, as a species, survive the revolutions that we have begun? There is plenty of evidence to think that we will. Our species has enormous potential that we have just begun to use. For example, we have only begun to control the environment. One day technology will make every desert bloom. It's simple, really. To do so, all we need to do is lower the cost of converting sea water into fresh water. Then, when the deserts bloom, will they provide enough food for our growing numbers? Most likely, they will. We have only just begun to discover the possibilities of highly intensive desert agriculture. We already have the technology to increase production ten times and to use one-twentieth of the water we needed before.We know how to make agricultural miracles. What we need are the time and money to make the technology available to everyone.In the nineteenth century, people believed in progress. They believed that science would lead them to a new era of endless prosperity and happiness. Well, it didn't work out that way. Two disastrous world wars convinced people of that. Yet, in our disappointment and in our fears that science was a monster that would one day destroy us, we forgot that science was not the monster; we were the monster. Science was merely a servant, and like fire, a good servant when treated properly.Despite all the problems of the modern world, however, most people would not choose to live in any of the less scientific ages that have preceded ours. If—and this is abig if—we don't destroy ourselves in war, the future can only be better. Each year will bring a more bewildering array of scientific advances: diseases cured, space conquered, transportation and communication revolutionized, agriculture and industry completely transformed, etc. To some, the future sounds exciting; to others, frightening. But one thing is sure—it won't be boring.太快了？1 在第一次世界大战前夕出生的人仍然记得看到身边经过的汽车就挥手的情景。
《Unit 9 Technology》 (NX)
TRUE OR FALSE
1 Many Chinese teenagers live life on the go just like Wang Mei. (T) 2 With cell phones, we can only make calls and send messages. (F ) 3 All cell phones have an electronic calendar to remind you of appointments and dates. ( F )
LIFE ON THE GO
1. A busy life . 2. A fast-paced life style where people are always on the go-rushing from one place to another ,doing many things at once and using portable phones or computers .
Reading Comprehension
1.The title “Life on the go” indicates D . A. modern technology is developing fast B. our life has been greatly improved C. people in the modern society enjoy sports very much D. people in the modern society live a busy life
Keeping appointments
and so on.
Para. 3. Cellphones also cause
problems. ① In school ② At home
高一英语上学期 unit9 technology词汇解析
高一上学期词汇解析Unit9 TechnologyWords and expressionsitem n. one in a list of things 条款；项目What is an export item? 出口项目是什么？n. piece of news (消息、新闻的)一条There is a wonderful item in the newspaper. 报纸上有一条惊人的新闻。
toothpick n. 牙签automobile n.[c] <美>汽车the automobile industry 汽车工业agreement n.[u] having the same answer or idea 同意；意见一致I'm quite in agreement with what he said. 我十分同意他所说的话。
n.[c] written promise between people, countries, etc. 协定；协议The agreement was written and signed. 议定书已写好，也签了字。
disagreement n.[u] act of disagreeing 意见不一致；分岐There has been serious disagreement between the two political parties over this question.在这问题上这两个政党已有了严重的分岐。
disagree vi. say that another person's idea is wrong; say that something is not true 不同意；不一致I'm sorry to disagree with you. 很抱歉，我和你意见不同。
absolutely adv. 绝对地；完全地Your answer is absolutely wrong. 你的答案完全错了。
Unit9.单词讲解和重点讲解
Unit9.单词讲解和重点讲解Unit 91、invent<>发明；创造Can you tell me who invented thetelephone?你能告诉我是谁发明了电话？名词:inventor 单数第三⼈称invents现在分词inventing 过去过去式:invented形容词 a.1.可发明的过去分词:invented1.发明,创造He invented a new TV他发明了⼀种新型电视机。
2.捏造,虚构We must invent an excuse for being late. 我们必须编⼀个迟到的借⼝invention发明,发明物,虚构,虚构物Your invention was good2、calculator<>计算机calculat e['k?lkjuleit]vt.计算,估计,考虑,推测vi. 计算,预测,依赖（规则动词）The calculator needs a new battery.计算器需换新电池。
名词n. [C]1.计算者He is a rapid calculator.他是个算得很快的⼈。
(rapid ['r?pid]adj. 迅速的,急促的)2.计算表3.计算器Does anyone have a calculator here? 这⾥有没有⼈有计算器?4.计算机操作者(3)be used for<>⽤来做……Sweater is used for keeping warm. Keys are used for opening andLocking the door.（动词）I left the key in the lock.(名词)我把钥匙留在锁上,忘了取下来。
（4）scoop<>勺⼦n. 铲⼦,舀取,独家新闻,⼀勺,⽳vt. 汲取,舀取,抢先报道,挖空There are several scoops in my kitchen.我的厨房⾥有好⼏个勺⼦。
科技英语翻译第九章以后部分概述
第9章第1节翻译练习1Hydraulic springs are particularly suited for applications in which high load capacities and stiffness are required.液压弹簧尤其适用于要求承载能力和刚度很高的地方。
We can regard the entire weight of a body as concentrated at its center of gravity.我们可以认为物体的整个重量像是集中在物体的重心上。
Installing the electronic units in the ground and leasing telephone wires would cost $15 million.安装地下电子装置和租借电话线就要耗资一千五百万美元。
Introduction of a newly-developed technique will enhance the prospects of success.引进一项新开发的技术将增加成功的希望。
第1节翻译练习2Since the lines of magnetic force converge and diverge, there is the necessity for a component Br. 由于磁力线的汇聚和发散，就必须需要一个分量Br。
Attempts have even been made to rename the robot.人们也一直在尝试给机器人重新命名。
第1节翻译练习3Several concepts are introduced: decision-making, modeling, dynamics, feedback, stability, and logical design.这里介绍几个概念：判定、模拟、动力学、反馈、稳定性和逻辑设计等。
Unit 9 科技类翻译赏析
Unit 9E-CMany biologists---and Dr. Szostak is one of them---think that life had a simpler early stage in which the varied tasks now carried out by DNA, RNA and proteins were all achieved by RNA alone. Even today, RNA molecules are not only messengers; they are also fetchers and carriers of amino acids, the building blocks of proteins. And they can catalyse reactions, as proteins do, too. In principle, then, RNA could act as both a cell’s genetic material and its self-assembly mechanism.If this idea is true, it should be possible to make a cell using just a membrane to hold things in place, some RNA, ingredients for more RNA, and an energy source. This comes in the form of an energy-rich molecule, ATP, which is what modern cells use to move energy from where it is generated to where it is used.包括索斯塔克博士在内的许多生物学家认为生命在早期阶段比较简单：现在由脱氧核糖核酸(DNA),核糖核酸（RNA)和蛋白质完成的繁多任务全都由RNA 单独完成。
科技英语翻译 课件
第1节 词义的选择（Choice of Meanings of Words）（p16） 一词多类 = 一词多性？ 一词多类 = 一词多义（polysemy）？ 2.1.1 根据词类（part of speech）选择词义 E.g. measure: 测量（vt.）, 为（link. v.）, 措施（n.） The earthquake measured 6.5 on the Richter scale.（p16） 这次地震为6.5里氏震级。 2.1.2 根据上下文（context）选择词义 E.g. develop: 开发、产生、发生、染上、研究、进行、研制等（p17） Sure enough, 80 percent of the plants developed the disease. 果然，80%的植物都染上了这种病。 E.g. condition: 条件、环境、病例、病情、状况等（p18） Interactive programming conditions are now available for some commercial programming language.（p18） 交互编程环境现在能用于一些商用编程语言。 2.1.3 根据词的搭配（collocation）选择词义 E.g. idle（p19） idle capacity 备用容量 idle current 无功电流 idle frequency 中心频率 idle roll 传动轧辊（gun） E.g. large（p19） large-screen receiver 宽屏 large loads 重载 large growing 生长快的 large capacity 高容量 2.1.4 根据学科（discipline）和专业（specialty）选择词义（p20）
《《莱特兄弟》(9-11章)英汉翻译报告》范文
《《莱特兄弟》（9-11章）英汉翻译报告》篇一一、引言本篇翻译报告将聚焦于《莱特兄弟》的第9-11章节，深入解析在英汉翻译过程中遇到的挑战及解决方法。
这些章节涵盖了飞机之父——莱特兄弟的创新故事及科学精神的精髓，并针对这一过程中遇到的专业词汇翻译、句子结构理解和文化背景对比等方面进行了深入分析。
二、重点章节分析与翻译（一）第9章挑战与突破本章节主要讲述了莱特兄弟在飞机研发过程中所面临的挑战与突破。
在翻译过程中，遇到了许多专业术语和复杂句型。
例如，“aerodynamic design”的翻译，我们根据上下文将其译为“空气动力学设计”。
而“a monumental task in human history that demands immense perseverance and relentless dedication”这一长句，我们通过断句和重新排序，将其翻译为“这是人类历史上艰巨的任务，需要巨大的毅力和不懈的奉献精神”。
（二）第10章梦想的起航本章节主要描述了莱特兄弟首次试飞的成功以及他们为实现梦想所付出的努力。
在翻译过程中，我们特别关注了情感色彩的传达和地道性的表达。
如“the dawn of a dream”被译为“梦想的曙光”，更好地传达了原文的情感色彩。
同时，对于一些描述细节的词汇，如“精确计算”、“反复试验”等，我们力求在中文中寻找最贴切的词汇进行表达。
（三）第11章飞向未来本章节主要讲述了莱特兄弟的发明对未来世界的影响和展望。
在翻译过程中，我们注重了科技词汇的准确性和未来视角的表达。
如“aeronautical engineering”被译为“航空工程学”，准确表达了该领域的专业性质。
同时，对于一些描述未来的词汇，如“未来趋势”、“技术革新”等，我们尽可能保持其原汁原味的英语表达，以展现其国际化的视野。
三、难点及解决策略在翻译过程中，我们遇到了诸多难点，如专业术语的准确翻译、复杂句型的理解、文化背景的差异等。
U8 GPS新目标大学英语系列教材-科技英语(课文及单词)
3In looking at the pros and cons of genetic engineering, we’ll consider the technology in the fields of agriculture, food production, and medicine.
4Many crops such as rice, maize, and potatoes are being genetically engineered in several ways.Proponentsargue that the benefits are many: 1) higher crop yields; 2) morenutritiousfood; 3) crops can be grown in harsh environments; 4) they are more resistant to pests thus eliminating the use of potentially hazardous pesticides; 5) undesirable characteristics can be removed; 6) food can have a better flavour and a longer shelf life; and 7) they can also be used as a cheap source of medicine.
Unit 9 Technology
Unit 9 TechnologyUnit 9 Tehnlg• 重点词汇解析•1 press vi, vt1) 压；按；推2) 熨；熨平I’ve pressed ur trusers ith the irn 我用熨斗熨了你的裤子。
3)（常与up, rund连用）挤He pressed his a thrugh the rd 他挤过人群。
4)（常与n, upn连用）迫；迫使；进逼The debts pressed n hi 债务威逼着他。
)（与fr连用）敦促，力劝She pressed her guests t sta a little lnger她极力劝说客人们再呆一会儿。
6)（常与n, upn连用）紧迫Tie presses 时间紧迫2 add vt vi1) 增加t add re ht ater 多加点热水2) 加；加起If u add 4 t 3 u get 7 四加三得七。
3) 补充说；又说3 latest ad 最后的, 最迟的; 最新的, 最近的the latest nes最近的消息; the latest fashin 最新式样4 alendar n1) 历法Fr anuar 1st t Februar 1st is ne alendar nth从一月一日到二月一日是一个历月。
2) 日历；月历reind vt （常与f, t + inf, that连用）使想起；使记起；提醒1) reind sb f / abut sb / sth 使某人想起某人/某事2) reind sb T d sth提醒某人做某事3)reind sb That lause提醒某人某事; 使某人想起某事6 appintent n1) 约定（会面时间或地点）I ade an appintent t see the dtr 我约定好时间去看医生。
2) 职位the appintent f a hairan 主席职位7 be vt vi 服从；顺从；听话t be an rder 服从命令The refused t be 他拒绝服从。
科技英语翻译unit9
第九单元宇宙课文A宇宙大爆炸哈勃望远镜对宇宙深处的探索告诉了我们宇宙是如何起源的。
恒久以来，人们常常问到的一个问题就是：宇宙是如何创造的？许多人认为宇宙既没有开始，也没有结束，宇宙是真正无限的。
然而自从宇宙大爆炸理论创立以来，宇宙就不再被认为是无限的了。
宇宙被冠以有限现象的特性，有了历史也有了起源。
大约150亿年前，宇宙的膨胀由一场巨大的爆炸伊始。
这一爆炸就是众所周知的“宇宙大爆炸”。
在爆炸发生时，宇宙空间中的所有物质和能量都存在于一个点。
至于在此之前还存在过什么则是完全未知的，是纯粹的猜想。
这一爆炸的发生并不是常规性的，爆炸使得胚胎时期的宇宙中充满了急速离散的粒子。
宇宙大爆炸不像炸弹爆炸那样，所有的爆炸碎片都向外飞出，它实际上是一个空间在其内部的爆炸。
当时星系并非成团地聚在一起，大爆炸为宇宙的诞生奠定了基础。
大爆炸理论的起源应归功于埃德温·哈勃。
哈勃观测到宇宙是在不断扩大的。
他发现，星系的运动速度与其距离是成正比的。
因此，距离我们两倍远的星系，移动速度也是我们的两倍。
另一个结论是，宇宙是向四面八方膨胀的。
这一观测意味着对于所有星系来说，他们从一开始相同的位置移动到现在各自的位置所用的时间都是一样的。
正如宇宙大爆炸为宇宙奠定了基础一样，哈勃的观测也为宇宙大爆炸理论奠定了基础。
自宇宙大爆炸以来，宇宙一直在不断扩大，而且星系团之间的距离也越来越远。
这种星系互相远离的现象被称为红移。
当光从遥远的星系接近地球时，地球和星系之间的空间也在增加，从而导致波长的拉伸。
人们除了对星系从一个单一的点向外扩散所产生的速度有所了解，宇宙大爆炸还有进一步的证据。
1964年，天文学家阿诺·彭齐亚斯和罗伯特·威尔逊在尝试探测外层空间微波的过程中，无意中发现了一个地球以外的噪音源。
噪音似乎并不只是来自于一个位置，相反，它同时来自四面八方。
很明显，他们所听到的是来自大爆炸所遗留的宇宙最远处的辐射。
科技英语unit9原文
Urbanisation means an increase in the proportion of people living in urban areas compared to rural areas. An urban area is a built-up area（建筑区域）such as a town or city.A rural area is an area of countryside.城市化是指生活在城市地区的人相比农村地区的人占总人数的比例在增加。
一个城市地区是指一个建筑区域，比如城镇或城市。
农村地区是指乡村地区。
As a country industrialises, the number of people living in urban areas tends to increase. The UK and many other MEDCs urbanised（城市化）during the 18th and 19th centuries. People migrated from rural areas (due to the mechanisation in farming) to urban areas where there was employment in the new factories. The area of cities known as the inner city developed during this time as rows of terraced housing （露台房）were built for workers.作为一个工业化进程的国家，生活在城市地区的人数有增加的趋势。
英国和其他许多经济较发达国家城市化在第十八和第十九世纪。
人们从农村迁移出来（由于机械化耕作）到了城市地区可以就业的新工厂。
这些地区被称为内城，发达国家还在这里为工人建造一行行梯型的露台住房。
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第1节 句子成分的译法 英语的句子成分主要由主语、谓语、表语、宾语、定语、 状语和补语。 由于英汉两种语言表达方式的差异，我们在翻译句子的过 程中，既不能按原文句子的语法成分来译，更不能逐词死 译、硬译。尤其是科技英语的翻译，译者既要准确地表达 原句的内容，使译文符合技术规范，又要使译文通顺易懂， 符合汉语的表达习惯。这就需要译者在认真分析和理解原 文的基础上，在翻译实践中，根据汉语的表达习惯对原句 子成分进行适当的调整和转换。
Chapter Nine Translation from Sentence to Discourse
第1节 句子成分的译法 4. 宾语的译法 Instructions and microinstructions do not have the same format. 指令和微指令的格式不同。（译为主语） Each organism owes its existence to genes it contains. 每个生物有机体因其含有基因而存在。（译为谓 语）
Chapter Nine Translation from Sentence to Discourse
第1节 句子成分的译法 2. 谓语的译法 Using a person’s voice as an identifier is based on the fact that the geometry of the vocal tract differ greatly from person to person. 利用人的语音来验明身份的依据是每个人声道的几何形状 大不相同。（译为主语） More metal is removed when the feed is increased. 进给量增加时，切除的金属更多。（转译为定语） The magnitude of the force is found to be inversely proportional to the distance between the conductors. 力的大小和导体间距离成反比。(省译)
Chapter Nine Translation from Sentence to Discourse
第2节 否定句的译法 英汉两种语言在表示否定概念的词汇、语法、句 型等诸多方面都存在着许多差异。英语中表示否 定的形式可以说是多种多样的，否定句型有全部 否定、部分否定、意义否定、双重否定和几乎否 定。所以，在翻译否定句。特别是科技英语的否 定句时，译者应格外小心。
Chapter Nine Translation from Sentence to Discourse
第1节 句子成分的译法 5. 定语的译法 The low-frequency motions are considered to be meteorologically significant. 低频运动在气象学上是很重要的。（顺译） The gas to be studied is admitted to the tube at a known temperature and at atmospheric pressure. 被研究的气体在已知温度和大气压力下充入管中。（倒译） There are three states of matter: solid, liquid and gas. 物质有三态：固态、液态和气态。（译为主语）
Chapter Nine Translation from Sentence to Discour成分的译法 6. 状语的译法 At this critical temperature, changes begin to take place in the molecular structure of the metal. 在这种临界温度时，金属的分子结构开始发生变化。（译 为主语） In larger amounts, ozone is unpleasant with s strong odor that irritates are eyes and lungs. 大量的臭氧都带有一种不舒服的强烈的气味，对眼睛及肺 部有刺激作用。（译为定语）
Chapter Nine Translation from Sentence to Discourse
第1节 句子成分的译法 3. 表语的译法 Those nearer the sun are more rocky, those farther away more icy. 离太阳越近，岩石块越多；离太阳越远，则冰块越多。 （译为主语） Aerodynamics is my field of research. 我的研究领域是空气动力学。（主表倒译） When the switch is on, the circuit is closed and electricity goes through. 将开关合上，电路就闭合，而电就接通了。（介词作表语 转译为谓语）
Chapter Nine Translation from Sentence to Discourse
第1节 句子成分的译法 1. 主语的译法 Care must be exercised to prevent thermal strains from introducing spurious output. 必须注意防止热应变引起乱真输出。（译为谓语） Work must be done in setting a body in motion. 使一个物体运动时，必须做功。（译为宾语） It should be emphasized that the laser is in no sense an energy source. 应当强调指出，激光器并不是一个能源。（译为无主句）