机车车辆油压减震器设计

摘要

近年来我国铁路进入一个飞速发展时期，特别是在铁路跨越式发展政策的指引下，我国铁路将会进入一个全新的发展阶段。油压减振器是铁道机车车辆上的一个重要部件。由于机车车辆的车轮与钢轨面之间是钢对钢的接触，因此，车轮表面的不规则和轨道的不平顺都直接经车轮传到悬挂部件上去，使机车车辆各部分高频和低频振动。如果这种振动不经过减振器来衰减，就会降低机械部件的结构强度和使用寿命，恶化运行品质。油压减振器其性能优劣直接影响到行车的安全性和舒适性。由于铁路的提速和城市轨道交通的迅速发展，凸显出对高性能液压减振器的需求，但国内生产的液压减振器还不能满足这种需求，这种状况是由于减振器试验设备落后造成的。因此，研制高速列车减振器试验台就具有十分重要的实际意义，有必要使用性能良好的减振器。

本文对液压减振器进行了分析和设计。主要工作包括：油压减振器分类和用途,油压减振器阻力特性分析,新型油压减振,新型油压减振,油压减振器结构设计及计算校核关键词：机车车辆，油压减振器，阻力特性，分析，参数

Abstract

In recent years our country railroad to enter a period of rapid development, especially in the Leap-over Development of railway policy how-to below, our country railroad will enter a new stage of development. Hydraulic shock absorber of railway vehicle is one of the most important component. As a result of locomotive and vehicle wheel and rail surface contact between the steel on steel, therefore, the wheel surface irregularities and the track irregularity directly by the wheel to the suspension member to the vehicle, each part of the high and low frequency vibration. If the vibration through the shock absorber to decay, it will reduce the mechanical parts of the structure strength and the service life of deterioration, running quality. Oil damper and its performance will directly affect the safety and comfort of driving. As a result of the railway speed increase and the rapid development of city rail transit, highlights for high performance hydraulic shock absorber needs, but the domestic production of hydraulic shock absorber can not meet this demand, this situation is due to shock absorber test equipment is backward cause. Therefore, the development of

high-speed train damper test bench has a very important practical significance, it is necessary to use the good performance of the shock absorber.

Based on the hydraulic shock absorber for the analysis and design. The main work includes: classification and use of hydraulic shock absorber, oil damper resistance characteristics analysis, new oil damper, a new hydraulic vibration damper, structure design and calculation of key words: vehicles, hydraulic shock absorber, resistance characteristics, analysis, parameter

目录

第1章绪论 (1)

1.1本课题设计的目的和意义 (1)

1.2减震器国内外的发展状况 (2)

1.3设计的主要研究内容 (3)

第2章油压减振器分类和用途 (1)

第3章油压减振器阻尼值计算 (1)

3.1 液压减振器阻力特性的计算 (1)

3.1.1 拉伸和压缩时的阻力介绍 (1)

3.1.2单向流动减振器的拉伸和压缩阻力 (1)

3.2 影响减振器阻力特性的主要因素 (1)

3.2.1 节流阀的结构和参数 (1)

3.2.2 结构参数对阻力特性的影响 (1)

3.3 液压双向流动减振器阻力特性分析 (1)

3.3.1 拉伸阻力特性 (1)

3.3.2 压缩阻力特性 (1)

3.4实现拉伸和压缩对称特性的措施 (1)

第4章新型油压减振 (1)

4.1 主要技术参数及其基本结构 (1)

4.1.1 主要技术参数 (1)

4.1.2 基本结构 (1)

4.2 作用原理 (1)

4.3 减振器的特点 (1)

4.4油压减振器的阻尼特性与阻尼系数 (1)

第5章油压减振器结构设计及计算校核 (1)

第6章结语 (30)

参考文献 (32)

致谢 (33)

附录 (34)