高考英语考点 5名词所有格

考点五名词所有格
名词的所有格（表示人或物的所属关系）
(1) 有生命的名词所有格
①不是以s结尾的名词变成所有格时，在词尾加’s。

Mike’s watch; Women’s Day
②以s结尾的名词变成所有格时，只加’。

teachers’ office, students’ rooms
③两个或两个以上名词并列，表示共同所有，只需在最后一个名词后加’s。

Tom and Mike’s room 汤姆和迈克的房间（表示汤姆和迈克共有一间房）
④两个或两个以上名词并列，表示分别所有，需在几个名词后都加’s。

Mary’s and Jenny’s bikes 玛丽和詹妮的自行车（表示玛丽和詹妮各自的自行车）
⑤合成名词在最后一个词上加“s”
her brother-in-law’s piano.
⑥ Somebody else’s books
(2)“s”格还可以用于度量衡、地域、天体及一些习语中
an hour’s drive 一小时的驱车路程
a mile’s journey 一英里的旅程
ten pounds’ weight 十磅的重量
Beijing’s weather 北京的天气
by a hair’s breadth 千钧一发
at a snail’s pace 缓慢地
(3) 无生命的事物的名词所有格常用of结构
a map of China, the beginning of this game, the door of the room
(4) 特殊形式
①可用’s和of短语表示的名词所有格
the boy’s name = the name of the boy 男孩的名字
the dog’s legs = the legs of the dog 狗的腿
China’s population = the population of China 中国的人口
China’s capital = the capital of China 中国的首都
②双重所有格
如果被修饰的名词前有不定冠词、不定代词、指示代词、疑问代词修饰，则要采用双重所有格。

a friend of mine; a child of hers; a fiend of my mother’s我妈妈的一个朋友；
a picture of Tom’s汤姆的一张图片
(5)所属关系用to的单词
the key to the bike自行车的钥匙
the answer to the question问题的答案
the Monument to the People’s Heroes人民英雄纪念碑
the note to the text课文注释
index to a record location 档案存放位置索引
appendix to a will 遗嘱的附录
the exit to the cinema电影院出口
the entrance to the shopping mall 商场入口
the bridge to knowledge知识桥梁
the way to the school去学校的路
pay a visit to the Great Wall参观长城等
introduction to a book 一本书的介绍
1.The _______(girl) shoes were covered with mud, so I asked them to take them off before they got into_______ (Tom) car.
2.Yesterday I was invited to the dinner at the _______(Turner).
3.—Does the hotel belong to Smith and John?
—No, it's ______.
A.the Turners
B. Tom's brother
C. Tom and Jack's
D. Tom's and Jack's
(语法填空)Standing in front of the Monument ________ People’s Heroes, we are lost in deep thought.
【答案】to
【解析】考查名词所有格。

句意：站在人民英雄纪念碑前面，我们陷入了沉思。

人民英雄纪念碑的所属关系一定要用to.
1.— How far is it from your home to the lake?
— It's about a _____ walk.
A.two mile'
B. two miles
C. two miles'
D. two mile's
【答案】C。

【解析】此处表示“两英里的路程”，故要用a two miles' walk，即用所有格表示距离。

故答案为C。

2.— Pardon? Who will come?
— ____.
A.The friend of Mr. Green's
B.A friend of a teacher's
C.The Tom of his father's
D.A cousin of my father's
【答案】D。

【解析】考查名词的双重所有格的用法。

双重所有格用“（a, two, some, no…+）名词+of +名词所有格”表示, of 后的名词应表特指, 且of前面的名词不能是专有名词。

故选D项。

一单项选择填空
1. Every evening M r. King takes a _________ to his home .
A. 25 minutes' walk
B. 25 minute's walk
C. 25 minute walk
D. 25 minutes walk
2. Oh, dear. I forgot the two _________.
A. room's number
B. rooms' number
C. room numbers
D. rooms' numbers
3. ________ mothers couldn't go to the meeting, because they have gone to Shanghai .
A. Mary and Peter's
B. Mary and Peter
C. Mary's and Peter
D. Mary's and Peter's
4. Li Lei has been to __________ many times this month.
A. her uncle
B. her uncle's
C. her uncles
D. aunt's
5. A classmate of _________ was here ten minutes ago.
A. you
B. your
C. your sister
D. your sister's
二语法填空
Ali is from a Middle Eastern country. He now stays in the USA. He smokes a lot of cigarettes (香烟) every day. He 1( smoke) for nine years. Ali says, “ I tried to quit (放弃) smoking in my hometown, but it was 2(possible). My brothers smoke. All my friends smoke. At parties and at meetings, almost all the men smoke. Here in 3United States, not as many people smoke. It will be 4_ (easy) to change my habit here.”
Many smokers are like Ali: they want to stop smoking. The smokers know that smoking is bad for their health. They know it can cause cancer and heart disease. But it is difficult for them 5(give) up smoking 6cigarettes have a drug in them. The drug is nicotine (尼古丁). People 7smoke a lot need nicotine.
When a person first begins to smoke, he usually feels 8(terror). The nicotine makes him sick. In a few days, the smoker’s body is used to the nicotine, and he feels fine. Later, the smoker needs nicotine to keep feeling fine. Without nicotine, he feels bad.
It is very hard to quit smoking, and many people who quit will soon smoke again. At a party or at work they will decide to smoke “just one” cigarette. Then they will smoke another cigarette,
and another. Soon they become 9( smoker) again. Maybe there is only one 10(good) way to quit smoking: never start
所属关系用to的名词
记忆口诀
名词所有格记忆口诀
名词只变数，
名词只变数，
不分主宾格。

人和动物类，
可变所有格。

撇后加S，
相当汉语“的”。

时间、距离等，
也变所有格。

钥匙答案纪念碑，
key, answer, monument
注释索引和附录；
note, index, appendix
出口入口桥与路，
exit, entrance, bridge, way
参观介绍多用to
visit, introduction
参考答案
高考考点问诊
1.girls’; Tom’s 2 .Turners’ 3. C。

A项明显不符合题意;名词所有格必须在名词后加-’s, 故B项错误；表示并列名词“共有某物”,只在最后一个名词后加-’s（如表示“各自所有”,则在每个名词后加-’s）。

根据上下文语境可知, 该题中的hotel为Tom和Jack共同所有。

故答案为C。

单项选择填空
1. 解析: 句中的minute应该用其复数的所有格形式,只+',而不能+s,因此选A。

2. 解析: room number 房间号码. room可直接用作定语修饰后面的名词. 类似的还有my physics teacher,two bus drivers 等.应选C。

3. 解析: 此句中"mothers"是复数,表示两个人各自的母亲,因此应选D。

4. 解析: 此句意为"李雷这个去她舅舅家多次". 表示具体场所时, 可省去所有格后面的名词.因此选B。

5. 解析: 此题考查名词的双重所有格.应选D。

语法填空
【语篇解读】文章通过自己很难戒烟的痛苦经历，告诉读者戒烟很困难，最好就是从不开始吸烟。

1. has smoked 考查时态和语态以及主谓一致。

根据后面的时间状语“for nine years”可知，此处指“他已经吸烟九年了”，用现在完成时；主语是单数，与谓语是主动关系，故填has smoked。

2. Impossible 根据连词“but”可知，Ali 想要戒烟不可能。

故填impossible。

3. the 考查冠词。

the United States是固定搭配，指“美国”。

故填the。

4. Easier 考查形容词。

句意：在这儿，改掉我的坏习惯应该会更容易。

故填easier。

5. to give 考查非谓语。

此处运用了“it is difficult for sb. to do sth.”这个句式。

故填to give。

6. because 考查连词。

句意：但他们很难戒烟，因为香烟中含有毒品。

故填because。

7. Who 考查连词。

此处运用了定语从句，先行词是people，引导词在定语从句中作主语。

故填Who。

8. Terrible 考查形容词。

句意：当一个人第一次开始吸烟的时候，他通常感觉很不舒服。

在系动词feel 后面跟形容词作表语。

故填terrible。

9. smokers 考查名词复数。

此处指“他们很快又成了吸烟者”。

根据主语they可知此处用复数。

故填smokers。

10. better 考查形容词。

句意：也许只有一种更好的戒烟方法：永远不要开始。

此处指的是与其他戒烟方法的比较，所以用比较级。

故填better。