英语专四写作重点内容
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TEM4 Writing Task 1
What is an effective writing?
Introduction Opening remarks to catch reader’s interest
Thesis statement/plan of development
Body
Topic sentence 1 (supporting point 1) Specific evidence
specific evidence
• Write clear, error-free Sentence Skills sentences
Step 1: Begin with a Good Thesis
• Definition – The sentence that summarizes the central theme of the essay.
opinion. 6. Good Thesis statements should contain something
worth saying.
Step 2: Support TS with Specific Evidence
• It is difficult to live alone in a foreign country.
They can’t play. They try to, but can’t. They turn football into fight, baseball into a lawsuit, and yachting into machinery. They can’t play. The little children can’t play; they use mechanical toys instead－toy cranes, hoisting toy loads, toy machinery spreading a toy industrial depression of infantile dullness. The grownup people can’t play; they use a mechanical gymnasium and a clockwork horse. They can’t laugh; they hire a comedian and watch him laugh.
See Exercises on P2.
Step 4: Connect Evidence with Coherence
• A strong paragraph is more than just a collection of loose sentences.
• Those sentences need to be clearly connected so that readers can follow along, recognizing easily and quickly how one detail leads to the next.
• And also, we could get inspired by the nature to imagine and create. For example, Newton found the gravity after he saw apples fell down from the tree. Saw was invented by Chinese architecture Luban who was inspired by the shape of a plant.
1. Storms are bad. 2. The speed limit near my home is 65 miles per hour. 3. Studying with others has several benefits, but it also has
drawbacks and can be difficult to schedule. 4. Many people have different opinions on whether people under
Step 3: Organize Evidence with Unity Unity:
Every sentence in a body paragraph should directly relate to the main idea presented by the topic sentence.
C. Use transitional expressions D. Theme and Rheme
A-1: A natural or easily recognized order
• The order of time • The order of space • The deductive order (general to specific) • The inductive order (specific to general)
21 should be permitted to drink alcohol, and I agree with some of them. 5. I like dogs better than cats. 6. The four children in my family have completely different personalities.
– There are several unusual superstitions in my country about death.
– Most people have the wrong idea about the definition of statistics.
Evaluating Thesis Statements
Birth order can influence children’s personalities in startling ways.
Evaluating Thesis Statements
1. Controlling idea should NOT be too broad. 2. A simple statement of fact cannot be controlling idea,
• And also, we could get inspired by the nature to imagine and create. Inspired by apples down from the tree, Newton found the principle of gravity. Inspired by the shape of a plant, Chinese architecture Luban invented saw.
A-2: Use parallel structures
• Please see the following example.
Americans are queer people: they can’t play. Americans rush to work as soon as they grow up. They want their work as soon as they wake. It is a stimulant－the only one they are not afraid of. They used to open their offices at ten o’clock; then at nine; then at eight; then at seven. Now they never shut them. Every business in America is turning into an open-allday-and-night business. They eat all night, dance all night, build buildings all night, make a noise all night.
A Use a coherent structure
– A natural or easily recognized order – Use parallel structures
• A paragraph with clearly connected sentences is said to be coherent.
• It is concerned with the form, or organization of the paragraph.
How to achieve coherence
See Sample on P1.
Principles of good writing
• Begin with a Point (Thesis) Unity
• Support the thesis with specific evidence
Support
• Organize and connect the Coherence
• Essential Components – A good thesis should contain subject and controlling idea(s).
– It is difficult to live alone in a foreign country.
Other examples
• My Most Tiring Trip • The storm did a great deal of
damage to our farm.
– The hail leveled our rice and cotton crops.
– The rain caused our stock pond flood and drown three small calves.
A. Use a coherent structure
– A natural or easily recognized order – Use parallel structures
B. Repetition of key words
– Use the word itself – Use pronouns to refer to nouns in preceding sentences – Use word-clusters (words appear in the same context) – Use general words to replace specific words
Topic sentence 2 (supporting point 2) Specific evidence
Topic sentence 3 (supporting point 3) Specific evidence
Conclusion
Summary/General closing remarks
rather it should be an argumentative point. 3. A good thesis develops only one idea. 4. Controlling idea should NOT be presented in an
indirect way. 5. Weaker topic sentences are often simple personal
– The winds unroofed sour hay barn and two chicken houses.
In-class activity
The childBaidu Nhomakorabeahurt himself.
❖ Bobby jammed his fingers. ❖ Mike wrenched his back. ❖ Tom fractured his right leg. ❖ Robert skinned his left knee.
What is an effective writing?
Introduction Opening remarks to catch reader’s interest
Thesis statement/plan of development
Body
Topic sentence 1 (supporting point 1) Specific evidence
specific evidence
• Write clear, error-free Sentence Skills sentences
Step 1: Begin with a Good Thesis
• Definition – The sentence that summarizes the central theme of the essay.
opinion. 6. Good Thesis statements should contain something
worth saying.
Step 2: Support TS with Specific Evidence
• It is difficult to live alone in a foreign country.
They can’t play. They try to, but can’t. They turn football into fight, baseball into a lawsuit, and yachting into machinery. They can’t play. The little children can’t play; they use mechanical toys instead－toy cranes, hoisting toy loads, toy machinery spreading a toy industrial depression of infantile dullness. The grownup people can’t play; they use a mechanical gymnasium and a clockwork horse. They can’t laugh; they hire a comedian and watch him laugh.
See Exercises on P2.
Step 4: Connect Evidence with Coherence
• A strong paragraph is more than just a collection of loose sentences.
• Those sentences need to be clearly connected so that readers can follow along, recognizing easily and quickly how one detail leads to the next.
• And also, we could get inspired by the nature to imagine and create. For example, Newton found the gravity after he saw apples fell down from the tree. Saw was invented by Chinese architecture Luban who was inspired by the shape of a plant.
1. Storms are bad. 2. The speed limit near my home is 65 miles per hour. 3. Studying with others has several benefits, but it also has
drawbacks and can be difficult to schedule. 4. Many people have different opinions on whether people under
Step 3: Organize Evidence with Unity Unity:
Every sentence in a body paragraph should directly relate to the main idea presented by the topic sentence.
C. Use transitional expressions D. Theme and Rheme
A-1: A natural or easily recognized order
• The order of time • The order of space • The deductive order (general to specific) • The inductive order (specific to general)
21 should be permitted to drink alcohol, and I agree with some of them. 5. I like dogs better than cats. 6. The four children in my family have completely different personalities.
– There are several unusual superstitions in my country about death.
– Most people have the wrong idea about the definition of statistics.
Evaluating Thesis Statements
Birth order can influence children’s personalities in startling ways.
Evaluating Thesis Statements
1. Controlling idea should NOT be too broad. 2. A simple statement of fact cannot be controlling idea,
• And also, we could get inspired by the nature to imagine and create. Inspired by apples down from the tree, Newton found the principle of gravity. Inspired by the shape of a plant, Chinese architecture Luban invented saw.
A-2: Use parallel structures
• Please see the following example.
Americans are queer people: they can’t play. Americans rush to work as soon as they grow up. They want their work as soon as they wake. It is a stimulant－the only one they are not afraid of. They used to open their offices at ten o’clock; then at nine; then at eight; then at seven. Now they never shut them. Every business in America is turning into an open-allday-and-night business. They eat all night, dance all night, build buildings all night, make a noise all night.
A Use a coherent structure
– A natural or easily recognized order – Use parallel structures
• A paragraph with clearly connected sentences is said to be coherent.
• It is concerned with the form, or organization of the paragraph.
How to achieve coherence
See Sample on P1.
Principles of good writing
• Begin with a Point (Thesis) Unity
• Support the thesis with specific evidence
Support
• Organize and connect the Coherence
• Essential Components – A good thesis should contain subject and controlling idea(s).
– It is difficult to live alone in a foreign country.
Other examples
• My Most Tiring Trip • The storm did a great deal of
damage to our farm.
– The hail leveled our rice and cotton crops.
– The rain caused our stock pond flood and drown three small calves.
A. Use a coherent structure
– A natural or easily recognized order – Use parallel structures
B. Repetition of key words
– Use the word itself – Use pronouns to refer to nouns in preceding sentences – Use word-clusters (words appear in the same context) – Use general words to replace specific words
Topic sentence 2 (supporting point 2) Specific evidence
Topic sentence 3 (supporting point 3) Specific evidence
Conclusion
Summary/General closing remarks
rather it should be an argumentative point. 3. A good thesis develops only one idea. 4. Controlling idea should NOT be presented in an
indirect way. 5. Weaker topic sentences are often simple personal
– The winds unroofed sour hay barn and two chicken houses.
In-class activity
The childBaidu Nhomakorabeahurt himself.
❖ Bobby jammed his fingers. ❖ Mike wrenched his back. ❖ Tom fractured his right leg. ❖ Robert skinned his left knee.