高铁的分析(英语口语作业)

trains. As the main force of land transportation, railway occupies a monopoly position for more
than one century. But since twentieth Century, with the rapid development of vehicle, aviation and pipeline transportation（管道运输）, railways are constantly being impacted by new transport tools, so it is urgent to develop high-speed railways.
Related research JANPN(Shinkansen)：
The new service, named Shinkansen (新干线) would
provide a new alignment, 25% wider standard gauge, continuously welded rails（无缝钢轨） between Tokyo and Osaka using new rolling stock, designed for 250 km/h (160 mph).
France
German
England
Neither building new lines nor reconstructing old lines. largely depends on the use of tilting car bodies consisting of vehicles, and the mixture of passenger trains and freight trains.
Faster than other ground transportation
Although air transit moves at higher speeds than high-speed rail, total time to destination can be increased by check-in, baggage handling, security, and boarding, which may also increase cost to air travel, so HSR is best suited for journeys of 1 to 4 hours (about 150– 900 km), for which the train can beat air and car trip time.
developing indigenous capability to
produce key parts and improving upon foreign designs.A China Railways CRH3 train set on the Beijing–Tianjin Intercity Railway
DEVELOPMENT
Japan, Germany and France are developing Magnetically Levitated Train( 磁悬浮列车） to make the car float up to a certain height on the track, and then use the linear motor（直线电动机） as a driving force to propel the train forward. The speed of the test has reached 517 kilometers.
FRANCE(TGV)：
The first section of the new Paris–Lyon High-Speed
CHINA：
Chinese train-makers, after receiving transferred foreign technology, have been able to achieve a considerable degree of self-sufficiency in making the next generation of high-speed trains by
Fra Baidu bibliotek
Faster than other ground transportation
The top speed of the high-speed train can reach 350km/h, but the car only 120km/h,so this is a great saving of time.From the following picture, we can see that it takes only five hours if you take a high speed rail from Beijing to Shanghai, but the ordinary train takes nearly 20 hours.
Analysis of high-speed railway（HSR)
Speaker：Han Yang Tutor：Cong Li
CONTENTS
The background of HSR
Advantage of HSR
Summary
1 2
Present situation and development of HSR
GERMAN(ICE)：
Following the French TGV, in 1991 Germany was the second country in Europe to inaugurate a high-speed rail service, with the launch of the ICE on the new HannoverWürzburg high-speed railway, operating at a top speed of 280 km/h .
More transport capacity and less cost
In China,the passenger capacity of the high speed rail can reach hundreds of millions of times, while the passenger volume of the aircraft is only a few million times.As we all known , China has the largest population, and most of us will choose trains as the main way of transportation, therefore this requires that our HSR must have a large capacity.
DEVELOPMENT
At present, the high speed railways built by European countries are basically independent of each other. but the further development trend of high speed railway is networking. In the future, it will be developed into a high-speed railway network connecting both domestic and international, and will be connected with the existing railway lines.
PRESENT SITUATION AND DEVELOPMENT
Present situation Development
SECOND PART
PRESENT SITUATION
Japan
All new lines，Passenger train and freight train are used separately Part of the construction of new lines part of the transformation of the old line passenger trains for special purposes Construction of new line passenger train and freight train mixed use
THIRD PART
The advantage of highspeed rail
CONTENT
Faster
Less pollution Low energy consume All-weather More secure and operation comfortable
More transport capacity
line was inaugurated, with a 260 km/h top speed
270 km/h. Being able to use both dedicated highspeed and conventional lines, the TGV offered the ability to join every city in the country at shorter journey times.
3
5 4
The shortage of high-speed rail
THE BACKGROUND OF HSR
Background Definition Related research
FIRST PART
RESEARCH IDEAS
BACKGROUND
In order to improve the speed of train operation and make the railway adapt to the social development, from the early twentieth Century to 50s, Germany, France, Japan and other countries have carried out a lot of theoretical research and experimental work on high-speed
RESEARCH IDEAS
Definitions
High-speed rail is a type of rail transport that operates significantly faster than traditional rail traffic, using an integrated system （集成系统） of specialized rolling stock and dedicated tracks. While there is no single standard that applies worldwide, new lines in excess of 250 kilometres per hour and existing lines in excess of 200 kilometres per hour are widely considered to be high-speed, with some extending the definition to include lower speeds in areas for which these speeds still represent significant improvements.