人教版高中英语必修五过去分词作宾语补足语

3．过去分词作宾语补足语

能够接过去分词作宾补的动词有以下两类:

A)表示感觉或心理状态的动词.如:see, watch, observe, look at, hear, listen to, feel, notice, think 等.

I heard the song sung in English. 我听到有人用英语唱过这首歌

She found the door closed.

B)表示"致使"意义的动词.如:have, make, get, keep, leave等

例如：

He’s going to have his hair cut.

I must get my bike repaired.

He was trying to make himself understood.

注意：使役动词have接过去分词作宾补有两种情况.

1.过去分词所表示的动作由他人完成. (1) He had his money stolen.他的钱给偷了.(被别人偷去了)

2. 过去分词所表示的动作由句中的主语所经历.如: (2) He had his leg broken.他的腿断了. (自己的经历)

4．过去分词作状语

过去分词作状语时其逻辑主语为主句的主语,此时应注意人称一致，即二者是被动关系。这跟现在分词作状语正好相反。表示被动的和完成的动作修饰谓语，说明动作发生的背景或情况。

如：

Given another hour, I can also work out this problem. 再给我一个小时,我也能解这道题.(given 为过去分词作状语,它的逻辑主语为主句主语I ,即I 被再给一个小时.)

Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful to us. 从山顶看城市,城市显得更漂亮.(seen 为过去分词作状语,表"被看",由语境可知,它的逻辑主语必须是城市,而不是"我们",因为"我们"应主动看城市.)

A)作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句。

如：Seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful.

= When the park is seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful.

Once published, this dictionary will be very popular!

一旦出版，这本字典将会受到欢迎。

【注意】状语从句改成过去分词作状语时有时还可保留连词,构成"连词+过去分词"结构作状语. 用以强调时间，原因，条件，让步，目的等状语。如：when,while,once,as,if,though,although 等。

如：When given a medical examination, you should keep calm. 当你做体格检查时要保持镇定.

☆注意：过去分词作状语的位置.过去分词可放在主句前作句首状语,后面有逗号与主句隔开；也可放在主句后面,前面有逗号与主句隔开.

如：He stood there silently, moved to tears. = Moved to tears, he stood there silently.

他静静地站在那里,被感动得热泪盈眶.

B)作原因状语，相当于一个原因状语从句。

Inspired by his teacher, he studies much harder.

=As/Because he was inspired by his teacher, he studies much harder.

Written in a hurry, this article was not so good!

因为写得匆忙,这篇文章不是很好. 【注意】written 为过去分词作状语,表示这篇文章是被写的,而且已经被写

C)作条件状语，相当于一个条件状语从句。

如：United, we stand; divided, we fall.

= If／When we are united, we stand; if／when we are divided, we fall.

团结则存，分裂则亡

Given more time, we could do it much better.

多给点时间，我们会做得更好些。

D)作让步状语，相当于一个让步状语从句。

如：Defeated by the opposite team, the players were not discouraged and practised even harder. = Though they were defeated by the opposite team, the players were not discouraged and practiced even harder.

虽然被对方打败，但队员们没有泄气，更加刻苦训练。

E)作伴随状语。

如：He came back, utterly exhausted.

他回来了，疲惫不堪。

The teacher entered the classroom, followed by her students.

[注意]过去分词短语作状语，它的逻辑主语一般与句子的主语一致。但有时它可以有自己独立的逻辑主语，这种结构称为独立（主格）结构，多数情况下它表示一种伴随动作或情况。例如：

The boy rushed into the classroom, his face covered with sweat.

= The boy rushed into the classroom, and his face was covered with sweat.

那个男孩子跑进教室，满脸是汗。

The signal given, the bus started. 信号一发出,汽车就开动了.(the signal 是given 的逻辑主语,因此主句主语the bus 就不是given 的逻辑主语)

All things considered, your article is of greater value than hers.

各方面考虑进去，你的文章比她的文章更有价值。

※注意：“独立主格结构”前常常可以加“with”，即with的复合结构。也表示伴随情况。如：

The boy rushed into the classroom, （with）his face covered with sweat

过去分词专题练习答案：

1---5 C B B B A 6---10 A D D C A

11—15 D B B B A 16---20 B B B B A

21---25 B B C B A 26---30 AADAD