小学英语语法定冠词与不定冠词
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an apple
• （1）表示某一类人或事物中的任何一个，经 常用在第一次提到的某人或某物时，用不定冠 词起介绍作用，表示“一个”
• e.g. This is an interesting book.这是一本有 趣的书。
• (2)表示人或事物的某一类，强调整体，即以 其中一个代表一类。
• e.g. A bird can fly.鸟会飞。 • （3）表示数量“一”，相当于one.
7.Let’s have _a_ rest for _a_ while. 8.Mother bought me _a_ uniform yesterday. 9.I have _a_ pencil, th_e_ (a, the) pencil is red. 10._T_he_(a, the /) sun is shining brightly in _th_e (a, the, /) sky. 11.T_h_e (a, the) dictionary on t_h_e (a, the) desk is mine. 12.Is (the, /) Mary (a, the,/) youngest girl in our class? 13.Can you play (a, an, the, /) violin? 14.We go to school by (a, the, /) bike in (a, an, the) morning every day.
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该部分不作硬性规定,可灵活处理,或 让学生抄题回家完成,或作为随堂练习.
I．Complete the questions with How +adj/adv.
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Consolidation
1. — I want to see _t_h_e_ sunshine at midnight. Then go to _th__e_ North Pole.
— You will need __a_ thick sweater there.
2.— I want to go to _t_h_e Sahara Desert and live in __a__ tent with _a_n__ Arab family.
• 根据所学知识用a, an, the, / 填空
My name is __ Michael. I’m in __ grade three this term. My mother is __ doctor and my father is __ actor. Today is __ Saturday. Now, my father is talking on __ phone. My
• Christmas Day Children’s Day • 5.在称呼、官衔、职业的名词前不用。 • This is my math teacher.
• 6.在一日三餐、球类运动或娱乐运动的 名词前不用。
• have breakfast/lunch/dinner • play football/basketball/chess • 7.当两个或两个以上的名词并用时不用。 • I can write with pen and pencil. • 8.当名词前已有作定语的词时不用。 • I’d like to buy this dress.
the
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特指某(些)人或某(些)事物 who’s the girl in red
谈话双方都知道的人或事物 where is the teacher?
世界上独一无二的事物等(月亮,地球,天空,宇宙) the moon, the earth, the sun
Summary (2)
1.注意零冠词的使用.国家名以及地区名时不用冠词,但是使用一个 国家的全名时要用定冠词the.
____ teacher
Page ▪ 27
a, an ________English book.
Page ▪ 28
Ex1: using a, an
_a__ friend - photo - stone - wife _a_n_ insect - owner- uncle - accident
_a__ useful book - one-way street _a_n_ honest boy - unhappy life- hour
Page ▪ 33
Language points
1. Why not do …? = Why don’t you do …? A: 我不知道这周六干什么。
I don’t know what to do this Saturday. B: 为什么（你）不去看一场电影呢？
Why not go to see a film? ( Why don’t you go to see a film? )
一、什么是冠词？
冠词是用于名词前，说明名词所表示的人或事物 的词。 二、冠词的分类。
定冠词：the 冠词
不定冠词：a、an
三、冠词的用法：
1、不定冠词的用法 • a/an 都表示一个，有些情况也可译为“每” • an 用在单词发音中元音音标开头的单词 • a 用在单词发音中辅音音标开头的单词 Eg. an orange
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Language points
2. What / How about doing … 做...怎么样？ > 这个星期六去爬白云山怎么样？
What about climbing the Baiyun Hills this Saturday?
= How about climbing the Baiyun Hills this Saturday?
Language
用于元音开头前。 注意：以a e i o u 开头的都是 元音
egg [eg] orange ['ɔrɪndʒ ] apple ['æ pl]
ຫໍສະໝຸດ BaiduPage ▪ 16
用于辅音开头前。
bed [beg] red [red ] cat [cæ t]
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___ bus
Page ▪ 18
___ pen
Page ▪ 19
____ apple
Page ▪ 20
_____ elephant
Page ▪ 21
_____eg
Page ▪ 22
___ cake
Page ▪ 23
_____ eraser
Page ▪ 24
_____ table
Page ▪ 25
_____ car
Page ▪ 26
(9)用在习语中。 look the same in the daytime
四、不用冠词的情况：
• 1.在国名、人名等专有名词前不用。 • Canada Lucy • 2.复数名词表示泛指，表示一类人或事
物时，可不用冠词。 • I like vegetables. • 3.不可数名词前通常不加不定冠词，但
例题：
冠词 （a/an） 1.I have _a_ book. 2._A_ cat can catch insect. 3.Lucy spends _a_n_ hour doing her homework everyday. 4.Bob’s father is _a_n engineer. 5.John is a_n_ honest boy. 6.A__n apple _a_ day keeps the doctor away.
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Summary (1)
a
首次提及 there is a book on the desk
an
泛指一类人或事物 He is a student, It’s a book.
表示“一个”的意思 an apple 元音前用an,辅音前用a
上文提过的人或事物
I buy a book. The book is very interesting.
可加定冠词修饰。 • Water is important to us. • Where is the juice?
• 4.在季节、月份、星期、节日等名词前 不用冠词。
• It’s autumn now. It’s cool.
• New term begins in September.
• I often visit my grandparents on Sunday.
(7)用于序数词、形容词最高级及形容词 only,very,same等词的前面。 The island is the biggest of the three. January is the first month of the year. They are in the same class.
(8)用于乐器前。 I like playing the piano.
mother is having __ breakfast. My grandmother is watering __ flowers in __ garden and I’m watching __ TV. Look! This is my zone. There is __ beautiful umbrella in my bedroom. I like __ umbrella very much because I bought it in __ Paris. These are all my presents.
• e.g. There are twenty-four hours in a day. 一天有24小时。
• （4）用于一些习语中。 • in a minute 一会儿 for a while 一会儿 • have a try 试一试 in a word 总而言之
2、定冠词 the 的用法：
• (1)特指某些人或物 • The book on the desk is mine. • (2)双方都知道的人或事物 • Open the door, please. • (3)指上文提到的人或事物 • He lives on a farm, the farm is not big.
Page ▪ 29
Tell the difference: a) Where is the toilet? b) Is there a toilet near here?
Q a) : A knows there is a toilet in the flat, so she uses the .
Q b) : B doesn’t know if there is a toilet near here or not, so he uses a .
— No problem. You will need __a__ water bottle.
3.— I want to go to __a__ big city and learn __th_e_ French language.
— Why not go to Paris? That’sth_e__ capital of France.
• (4)指世界上独一无二的事物前；如果名 词前有修饰语，也可能用不定冠词。
The sun is bigger than the moon. a bright moon • (5)用在形容词前表示一类人。 • the poor the old • (6)用在姓氏前表示一家人。 • The Greens are at table.
2.注意play和practise这两个词后接运动的时候,不用冠词,接乐器的 时候要用the. ----Do you play ______ sports? ----Yes, I play ______ football. ----Can you sing well? ----No, but I can play ______ guitar very well. 3. 在一些固定的词组中要用the. go to the cinema, in the middle, in the world 4. 有些固定词组不用the. have breakfast, go home, by car, go to school, watch TV.
• （1）表示某一类人或事物中的任何一个，经 常用在第一次提到的某人或某物时，用不定冠 词起介绍作用，表示“一个”
• e.g. This is an interesting book.这是一本有 趣的书。
• (2)表示人或事物的某一类，强调整体，即以 其中一个代表一类。
• e.g. A bird can fly.鸟会飞。 • （3）表示数量“一”，相当于one.
7.Let’s have _a_ rest for _a_ while. 8.Mother bought me _a_ uniform yesterday. 9.I have _a_ pencil, th_e_ (a, the) pencil is red. 10._T_he_(a, the /) sun is shining brightly in _th_e (a, the, /) sky. 11.T_h_e (a, the) dictionary on t_h_e (a, the) desk is mine. 12.Is (the, /) Mary (a, the,/) youngest girl in our class? 13.Can you play (a, an, the, /) violin? 14.We go to school by (a, the, /) bike in (a, an, the) morning every day.
Page ▪ 35
该部分不作硬性规定,可灵活处理,或 让学生抄题回家完成,或作为随堂练习.
I．Complete the questions with How +adj/adv.
Page ▪ 32
Consolidation
1. — I want to see _t_h_e_ sunshine at midnight. Then go to _th__e_ North Pole.
— You will need __a_ thick sweater there.
2.— I want to go to _t_h_e Sahara Desert and live in __a__ tent with _a_n__ Arab family.
• 根据所学知识用a, an, the, / 填空
My name is __ Michael. I’m in __ grade three this term. My mother is __ doctor and my father is __ actor. Today is __ Saturday. Now, my father is talking on __ phone. My
• Christmas Day Children’s Day • 5.在称呼、官衔、职业的名词前不用。 • This is my math teacher.
• 6.在一日三餐、球类运动或娱乐运动的 名词前不用。
• have breakfast/lunch/dinner • play football/basketball/chess • 7.当两个或两个以上的名词并用时不用。 • I can write with pen and pencil. • 8.当名词前已有作定语的词时不用。 • I’d like to buy this dress.
the
Page ▪ 31
特指某(些)人或某(些)事物 who’s the girl in red
谈话双方都知道的人或事物 where is the teacher?
世界上独一无二的事物等(月亮,地球,天空,宇宙) the moon, the earth, the sun
Summary (2)
1.注意零冠词的使用.国家名以及地区名时不用冠词,但是使用一个 国家的全名时要用定冠词the.
____ teacher
Page ▪ 27
a, an ________English book.
Page ▪ 28
Ex1: using a, an
_a__ friend - photo - stone - wife _a_n_ insect - owner- uncle - accident
_a__ useful book - one-way street _a_n_ honest boy - unhappy life- hour
Page ▪ 33
Language points
1. Why not do …? = Why don’t you do …? A: 我不知道这周六干什么。
I don’t know what to do this Saturday. B: 为什么（你）不去看一场电影呢？
Why not go to see a film? ( Why don’t you go to see a film? )
一、什么是冠词？
冠词是用于名词前，说明名词所表示的人或事物 的词。 二、冠词的分类。
定冠词：the 冠词
不定冠词：a、an
三、冠词的用法：
1、不定冠词的用法 • a/an 都表示一个，有些情况也可译为“每” • an 用在单词发音中元音音标开头的单词 • a 用在单词发音中辅音音标开头的单词 Eg. an orange
Page ▪ 34
Language points
2. What / How about doing … 做...怎么样？ > 这个星期六去爬白云山怎么样？
What about climbing the Baiyun Hills this Saturday?
= How about climbing the Baiyun Hills this Saturday?
Language
用于元音开头前。 注意：以a e i o u 开头的都是 元音
egg [eg] orange ['ɔrɪndʒ ] apple ['æ pl]
ຫໍສະໝຸດ BaiduPage ▪ 16
用于辅音开头前。
bed [beg] red [red ] cat [cæ t]
Page ▪ 17
___ bus
Page ▪ 18
___ pen
Page ▪ 19
____ apple
Page ▪ 20
_____ elephant
Page ▪ 21
_____eg
Page ▪ 22
___ cake
Page ▪ 23
_____ eraser
Page ▪ 24
_____ table
Page ▪ 25
_____ car
Page ▪ 26
(9)用在习语中。 look the same in the daytime
四、不用冠词的情况：
• 1.在国名、人名等专有名词前不用。 • Canada Lucy • 2.复数名词表示泛指，表示一类人或事
物时，可不用冠词。 • I like vegetables. • 3.不可数名词前通常不加不定冠词，但
例题：
冠词 （a/an） 1.I have _a_ book. 2._A_ cat can catch insect. 3.Lucy spends _a_n_ hour doing her homework everyday. 4.Bob’s father is _a_n engineer. 5.John is a_n_ honest boy. 6.A__n apple _a_ day keeps the doctor away.
Page ▪ 30
Summary (1)
a
首次提及 there is a book on the desk
an
泛指一类人或事物 He is a student, It’s a book.
表示“一个”的意思 an apple 元音前用an,辅音前用a
上文提过的人或事物
I buy a book. The book is very interesting.
可加定冠词修饰。 • Water is important to us. • Where is the juice?
• 4.在季节、月份、星期、节日等名词前 不用冠词。
• It’s autumn now. It’s cool.
• New term begins in September.
• I often visit my grandparents on Sunday.
(7)用于序数词、形容词最高级及形容词 only,very,same等词的前面。 The island is the biggest of the three. January is the first month of the year. They are in the same class.
(8)用于乐器前。 I like playing the piano.
mother is having __ breakfast. My grandmother is watering __ flowers in __ garden and I’m watching __ TV. Look! This is my zone. There is __ beautiful umbrella in my bedroom. I like __ umbrella very much because I bought it in __ Paris. These are all my presents.
• e.g. There are twenty-four hours in a day. 一天有24小时。
• （4）用于一些习语中。 • in a minute 一会儿 for a while 一会儿 • have a try 试一试 in a word 总而言之
2、定冠词 the 的用法：
• (1)特指某些人或物 • The book on the desk is mine. • (2)双方都知道的人或事物 • Open the door, please. • (3)指上文提到的人或事物 • He lives on a farm, the farm is not big.
Page ▪ 29
Tell the difference: a) Where is the toilet? b) Is there a toilet near here?
Q a) : A knows there is a toilet in the flat, so she uses the .
Q b) : B doesn’t know if there is a toilet near here or not, so he uses a .
— No problem. You will need __a__ water bottle.
3.— I want to go to __a__ big city and learn __th_e_ French language.
— Why not go to Paris? That’sth_e__ capital of France.
• (4)指世界上独一无二的事物前；如果名 词前有修饰语，也可能用不定冠词。
The sun is bigger than the moon. a bright moon • (5)用在形容词前表示一类人。 • the poor the old • (6)用在姓氏前表示一家人。 • The Greens are at table.
2.注意play和practise这两个词后接运动的时候,不用冠词,接乐器的 时候要用the. ----Do you play ______ sports? ----Yes, I play ______ football. ----Can you sing well? ----No, but I can play ______ guitar very well. 3. 在一些固定的词组中要用the. go to the cinema, in the middle, in the world 4. 有些固定词组不用the. have breakfast, go home, by car, go to school, watch TV.