2018非谓语动词精讲精练

2018非谓语动词精讲精练

2018北京高考考点非谓语动词形式精讲与精练

应试口诀：现在分词表主动和进行；

过去分词表被动和完成；

不定式表目的和将来。

一．现在分词

1. 现在分词作状语

现在分词作状语可以表示时间(=when，as soon as )、原因(=as,since,because)、结果(=so that)、条件(=if,unless)、让步(=though,even if)等

1)Arriving at the school,I found my classmates already in their places ,ready to begin the class.

2)Hearing the cry for help, they all rushed out.

3)His parents died, leaving him a lot of money.

4)We were sitting by the window, talking about what happened yesterday.

5)A group of children ran out of the classroom, laughing and talking happily.

6)Having had supper,he went out for a walk.

7)Having lived in Beijing for 10 years he knows the city quite well.

8)Being asked to give a performance,she couldn’t very well refuse.

9)Being protected by a thick wall,they felt quite safe.

10)Having been given such a good chance, he wouldn’t give it up to others.

11)Having been praised by the teacher, the boy was very pleased.

2.现在分词作作宾补

现在分词作宾补表示动作正在发生（即处于发生的过程中，还没有结束，或是一个反复进行的动作）

see,hear,notice,watch,keep,find,get,have,feel,li sten to,look at,observe,catch,discover,leave,

1）Suddenly he heard someone knocking gently on the window.

2）I’m sorry to have kept you waiting.

3）Do you see a girl running towards us?

4）The lost boy was seen playing in the river. 5）His words left me wondering what he was driving at.

6) I often catch him sleeping in class.

二．过去分词

1.过去分词作状语

分词可作时间、条件、结果、原因、伴随等状语，现在分词作状语，表示主动或进行的动作，过去分词状语表示被动或完成的动作，此时分词的逻辑主语是主句的主语，应注意人称、时态和语态的一致性。

原因:

1)E ncouraged by the teacher,the students worked still harder than ever.

2)H e soon fell asleep,tired by the journey.

3)B orn into a poor family,he had to do part-time jobs when he was at school.

4)S ent to hospital without delay,the child was saved at last.

时间:

1)S een from the hill,the city looks very beautiful.

2)D riven out of the house,the cat climbed up the

tree.

3)H eated,the metal expands.

4)L eft alone in the room,the boy began to cry

条件:

1)G iven more time,we could have done it better.

2)T aken in time,the medicine will be quite effective.

3)L ooked at in another way,it is a problem of great importance.

4)P ermitted to do it once more ,Tom could have done a better job.

伴随:

1)H e turned away, greatly disappointed.

2)T he professor came into the lab, followed by

a group of the students.

3)“OK,”he said, pleased.

4)H e came to greet us, dressed as a businessman.

5)T hey got home finally, tired and hungry.

特例

be dressed in ; be interested in ; be prepared for ; be disappointed at ;

be crowded with ; be filled with ; be pleased with ;be amazed at; be caught in;

be absorbed in ; be satisfied with ; be lost in thought ; be concerned about ; be devoted to ; be trapped in ; be stuck in ; be annoyed with ……