小学英语句子基本结构(教学PPT)

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– We have finished reading the book.
– He can speak English.
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③表语predicative
表语说明主语“是什么”或者“怎么样”,由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定
式及相当于名词或形容词的词或短语来担任。它的位置在系动词后面。
• You look younger than before. • I am a teacher. • Every body is here. • They are at home now. • My job is to teach them English.
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Βιβλιοθήκη Baidu
⑥状语adverbial 状语用来修饰动词、形容词或副词。它表示行为 发生的时间、地点、目的、方式程度等意义,一 般放在句末,但有的可以放在句首、句中。
• He did it carefully.
• Without his help,we couldn’t work it out.
• (In order) to catch up with my classmates,I must study hard.
• ♣If you let me go, I’ll make you king. • ♣Leave the door open. • ♣We found Li Ming out when we arrived. • ♣Make yourself at home. • ♣I saw a stranger enter the building. • ♣The boss kept them working all day. • ♣Yesterday he got his leg broken.
及物)
S+V+O
He plays(及 物)
the piano
S+V+P
We are(系动 Stude
词)
nts.
S+V+IO(间 Sh gave(及 接宾语) e 物)
+DO(直接 宾语)
me a pen.
S+V+O+OC
He made(及 物)
the laugh boy
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句子成分的表示法 S: Subject(主语) OC: Object Complement(宾语补足语,简称
有些不及物动词后面加上介词 就可把它看成一个及物动词
不定式作主语时, 常用形式主语it句型
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②谓语predicate
说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或“怎么样”,谓语(谓语部分 里主要的词)必须用动词。谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致, 它在主语后面。
– His parents are doctors.
– She looks well.
– We study hard.
宾补) V: Verb(动词) IO: Indirect Object(间接宾语,简称间宾) O: Object(宾语) DO: Direct Object(直接宾语,简称直宾) P: Predicative (表语)
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①第1种句型S+V
主语+谓语(不及物动词)
♣He runs in the park. ♣Class begins.
• We study in NO. 1 Middle School.
• The classroom is very clean.
• Three were absent.
• To teach them English is my job.
• It is may job to teach them English.
第一讲
一、句子的成分和基本句型 二、句子的种类 三、写作:接受便条
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一、句子的成分和基本句型 1.句子的成分
主语+谓语=主题成分 ‖
表语+宾语(直接/间接宾语)+宾语补足语
定语+状语 =次要部分
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① 主语subject
主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。 一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。 它在句首。
♣We begin our class at 8.
vi:必背p.6 sleep go laugh walk come stay swim
work arrive happen/take place
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②第2种句型S+V+O
主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语
• ♣My father read the book. • ♣She likes English. • ♣I know him very well. • ♣They want to go. • ♣He stopped writing. • ♣You must listen to me.
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⑦定语attributive
定语用来修饰名词或代词,凡是有名词、代词的地方都可以 有定语形容词、代词、数词、名词、介词短语,不定式或相 当于形容词的词或短语等都可以担任定语。。
• The black bike is mine.
• What is your name?
• They made paper flowers.
感官动词
■ look ■ taste ■ smell ■ sound ■ feel 表示状态
■ become ■ remain ■ keep ■ prove ■ get ■ turn ■ grow ■ appear ■ seem
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④宾语object
宾语是动作、行为的对象,由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短 语来担任,它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么,在谓语之后。
• The boys in the room are in Class Three Grade One.
• I have something to do.
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2.五种基本句型
种类
第1种 第2种 第3种 第4种
第5种
句型

谓语部分
语 S
谓语动词 V
表语P
宾语O
宾语 补足语
OC
S+V
We work.(不
• She is playing the piano now.
• He often helps me.
• He likes to sleep in the open air.
• We enjoy living in China.
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⑤宾语补足语object complement
“宾语+宾语补足语” =复合宾语
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