it做形式主语用法大全含练习及标准答案

It作形式主语常见句型

动词不定式，动名词或主语从句作主语时，通常把它们放在谓语动词前，而用it作形式主语，放到句首，常见句型有：

1. It + be + 形容词+主语从句，如：

It is uncertain whether he can come to Jenny’s birthday party or not.

2. It + be + 名词词组+ 主语从句，这类名词有：a fact, a pity, a shame, an honour，a question 等，如：

It’s a pity that you missed the exciting football match.

It remains a question whether he will come or not.

3. It + be + 过去分词+ 主语从句，这类过去分词有：announced, believed, expected, hoped, decided, reported, said, shown等，如：

It is reported that 16 people were killed in the earthquake.

It is not decided who will give the operation to the patient.

4. It + 不及物动词(seem, appear, happen等) + 主语从句, 这类不及物动词有：appear, happen, seem等，如：

It seemed that he didn’t tell the truth.

It happened that I was out when he called.

5. It + be + 形容词+ for sb.）+ 动词不定式

这类句型常用形容词easy, difficult, hard, important, possible，wise等作表语，有时候为了强调不定式动作的执行者，常在不定式前加for sb，如：

It’s necessary for the young to master two foreign language.

It is unwise to give the children whatever they want.

这类形容词有：easy, difficult, hard, important, possible，wise

6. It + be + 形容词+ of sb. + 动词不定式，这类形容词常是表示心理品质,性格特征的形容词，如：kind, nice stupid, clever, foolish, polite, impolite, silly, selfish, considerate等。某人和这些形容词可以构成主系表结构。如：

It’s very kind of you to help me with the work.

=You are kind to help me.

It seemed selfish of him not to share his dictionary with others.

=He seemed selfish not to share his dictionary with others.

7. It + be +名词词组+ 动词不定式，如：

It is not a good habit to stay up too late.

8. It + be + 名词或形容词+ 动名词，这类名词和形容词常常是：good, no good, no use, a waste of, useless, senseless等，如：

It’s a waste of time talking to her any more.

It is no use arguing about the matter with him.

9. It + take ( sb. )+ 时间（金钱）+ 动词不定式，如：

It took the workers almost three years to finish building the dam.

It will take a whole day to get to the top of the mountain on foot.

实战演练：

1. It is generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants. (NMET 1997)

A. however

B. whatever

C. whichever

D. whenever

2. In fact is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match. (2001 上海)

A. this

B. that

C. there

D. it

3. is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. (NMET1995)

A. There

B. This

C. That

D. It

4. Is necessary to take off our shoes when we enter the lab? (MET88)

A. everyone

B. this

C. her

D. it

5. ________ will take you a lot of time to find him in the crowd.

A. It

B. I

C. We

D. They

6. It is no use his _________ there, the situation is hopeless now.

A. to go

B. to be going

C. going

D. having gone

7. It is never too late to learn, ________?

A. is it

B. isn’t it

C. does it

D. doesn’t it

8. ___________ is known to all that Shenzhou VI Launched Successfully.

A. As

B. What

C. It

D. That

9. _______ is reported in the newspaper,the Earthquake in east China's JiangxiProvince killed 13 people

A. It

B. As

C. That

D. What

10. ___________ certain that his invention will make people’s life convenient.

A. That’s

B. This is

C. It’s

D. What’s

11. _________ that there is another football match on the air this evening.

A. It says

B. It was said

C. It is said

D. What was said

12. __________ that their daughter got an opportunity to study abroad.

A. It’s a exciting news

B. This is an exciting news

C. This is exiting news

D. It’s exciting news

参考答案：

1——5 BDDDA 6——10CACAC 11——12CD

㈠ it作形式主语：

it作形式主语时没有具体的意义，而只是帮助把真正的主语移到句子后部去，使句子显得平稳一些。it作形式主语时，可以代替三种形式：不定式、动名词和主语从句。

⒈it代替不定式短语

常用于下列句型中：It + be +形容词+ (for/of sb.) to do sth.

It + be + 名词+ to do sth.

It takes sb. some time to do sth. 干…花了某人…时间

It’s up to sb. to do sth. 干…是某人的职责或义务

①It is everyone’s duty to obey the law.

遵守法律是每个人的义务。（it作形式主语, 代替不定式短语to obey the law）

②It is difficult for a foreigner to learn Chinese.

对于一个外国人来说，学习汉语是困难的。

（it作形式主语, 代替不定式短语to learn Chinese）

③It is not right to use these places as rubbish dumps.

把这些地方用来倒垃圾是不对的。

（it作形式主语, 代替不定式短语to use these places as rubbish dumps）

④It took them a year to build the bridge.

建这座桥花了他们一年的时间。（it作形式主语, 代替不定式短语to build the bridge）

◆It be + 形容词+ for sb. to do sth.与It be + 形容词+of sb. to do sth.：