必修三 Unit 2 Language.专题语法攻略(八) 动词和动词短语

答案：depends on
the shipping industry 运输业 the shipbuilding industry 造船业
3.French
English in this respect.
答案：differs from = be different from
respect (方面） The two plans differ in one major respect. Give my respects to your parents. 代我向你的父母亲致意。 4.He looked at me .
一、常见动词和动词短语的辨析
2、注意动词的侧重点差异 (1) grow，increase，improve，raise
grow“生长”，侧重于人或物的生长、发育，也可指实
力的增长。 increase“增加”，侧重于数量上的增加。 improve“改进，改善”，侧重于质量的提高或改善 raise“提高”，侧重于高度和水平的提高。
6.I will 答案：pick； up 7.We are
you
at five.
the weekend.
答案：looking forward to 同义:be anxious for ; be anxious to do
sth ; be desperate for; be desperate to do sth; be eager for ； be
6.acquire，get，gain 三个词都有“获得”的意思，但其侧重点各不相同。 acquire多指经过一段时间的努力而获得，获得的内容多是抽象 的东西，并且一旦获得很难失去，如知识等；
get是一般用语，指“得到”；
gain往往指通过努力或有意识的行动而获得有益的东西。
She acquired a knowledge of English by careful study.
我们的生活条件已大大提高。
2.include，contain
include“包括”，侧重指作为整体的一部分或要素。
contain“包含”，侧重包含的内容或成分，一般描述人或 事物的自然属性与特点。 We no longer include him among the contestants. 我们不再把他作为竞赛选手了。
Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.The firm is working on a new product in (combine) with several overseas partners. （与...联合； 与...协力； 与...共谋 ） 答案：combination These players made a very good combination. 这些球员们配合得很好。 2.All of the public transport facilities serving the Olympic Park are (access) to wheelchair users.(可进入的）
同义词辨析策略： 1、注意易混动词 （1） 放 下蛋 发表声明 lay laid laid laying 及物动词 躺 位于 lie lay lain lying 不及物动词 说谎 lie lied lied lying 不及物动词
（2） rise和raise：rise是不及物动词，其过去式是rose，过去分
答案：turned in 同义：hand in
Ⅲ.完成句子 1.他已经走了，这是事实，哭也没用。
It's a fact that he has gone.
crying.
答案：It's no use / It’s no good /it’s a waste of time 2.一个人要在这么短的时间内掌握一种新语言是不太可能的。 that one can master a new language in such a short time. 答案：It is impossible
经过Fra Baidu bibliotek真学习她精通了英语。
He has just got a new job. 他刚找到一份新工作。 They gained the victory after a bloody battle. 他们血战之后赢得了胜利。
3、注意动词表达的程度及语体差异
cry
sob
weep
sniffle
（1）cry普通用词。指因痛苦、悲哀或伤感等出声地哭。
(1)beat表示连续性的敲打、有节奏的跳动，还可表示打败。 He beats the boy black and blue. 他把那男孩打得青一块紫一块。 His heart beats faster and faster.他的心跳得越来越快。
Our team beat theirs by 2－0.
他用锤子正对着钉子敲下去。 He was struck dead by lightning.他被雷电击死了。
(3)beat(＝defeat)是指“打败对手”，宾语通常是人或集体。 win是“赢得„„的胜利”或“获得„„”的意思，宾语 通常为 war，match，game，prize，medal，love，respect， battle等名词。 He beat all the other participators and won the prize. 他击败了其他参赛者，获了奖。
weep书面用词，指小哭或无声地哭，侧重流泪。 sob指因极度悲伤、痛苦而抽泣、呜咽。 尤指泣不成声。 Sniffle: 抽鼻子哭,指哭时频频或一再用鼻子吸气或抽噎。
（2）like / love / enjoy like 普通用语，指喜欢、不厌恶，但没有强烈的感情色彩和迫 切的愿望； love “爱，热爱”，能激起热烈的、真挚而忠诚的感情； enjoy “喜爱，享受”，指被喜欢的对象能使人感到满足和愉快， 这种感情可以是感觉到的，也可以是精神上的，或者是这两种 感情的融合。
3.你愿意给我们的学校捐款吗？
Would you like to
答案：contribute to / donate to
our school？
4.难道你不为你的处境担忧吗？ Don't you your situation？
答案：care about /worry about / have concern about
5.假如下起雨来，我们又没有地方避雨该怎么办？
it rains and we can't get shelter？ 答案：What if 假如…将会怎样？ 即使…又有什么要紧？ 常考： what little, what for(为什么,责备） what of it? =so what?
His mother sent him what little money she had saved.他的母亲把所有仅存的钱都寄给他
答案：accessible （补充）易受影响的,易感受的[(+to)] He is not accessible to pity. 他不大有同情心。
3.There is something wrong with the machine because some
workers didn't operate it according to
I wish I were a flying bird.我希望我是只飞翔的小鸟。
4.hurt，wound，injure hurt是表示“伤害”的一般用法，既可指对肉体的伤害， 也可指对情感的伤害。
wound常指外伤，尤指在战争、战斗中造成的伤害。
injure一般指在意外事故中受伤。
What you said hurt her feelings.
你说的话伤害了她的感情。
He was wounded in the attack.
他在这次攻击中受伤了。
Ten passengers were killed and more were seriously injured.十 名乘客丧命，更多的乘客严重受伤。
5.beat，hit， strike， win， defeat
eager to do sth; be dying for ; be dying to do sth; long for; long to do sth; thirst for ; wish for; wish to do sth;desire to do sth; be sick for ；yearn for ; yearn to do sth 8.I haven't my homework yet.
The region is too dry for plants to grow. 这个地区干燥得草木不生。 The population of the city has increased by 30 percent to 5 million. 该市的人口增长30%，达到了500万。 Our living conditions have been greatly improved.
The box contains the boy's toys.
那箱子里装着孩子的玩具。
3.expect，hope，wish
expect期望，预料。
hope多指切合实际的“希望”。 wish可以指不切合实际的“希望”，也可以指能够实现的 “愿望”。 I had not expected such a prize. 我没料到会得这么一个奖。 I hope to see you soon.希望不久能见到你。
我们队以2比0击败他们队。
(2)以上例句中的beat不能用hit，strike代替。在表示“打、
击”意思时，beat表示连续性的打击；hit表示对准目标打一下，
强调击中；strike表突然性或一次性的击打。
He hit the nail squarely on the head with the hammer.
答案：up and down 上上下下，来回 walk up and down. fly up and down , jump up and down I've been having the wildest shifts of months, up and down and up and down again.我几个月来情绪变化得十分厉害,老是忽高忽低的 5.The class is 答案：made up of 50 students.
Ⅱ.选词填空
be made up of,pick up,differ from, look forward to,turn in, up and down, depend on, due to 1. his fault，the company suffered from a
great loss. 答案：Due to 同义：because of ; owing to ; thanks to; As a result of; on account of; by reason of 2.The area the shipping industry.
词是risen，而raise是及物动词，是规则动词。 （3） wind和wound：wind意为蜿蜒而行，其过去式与过去分 词都是wound，而动词原形wound意为伤害，其过去式、过去 分词都是wounded。
（4） hang的用法：hang有两个意思：一为悬挂，是不规则
动词，过去式、过去分词都是hung；二为绞刑，是规则动词， 其过去式、过去分词都是hanged。
答案：directions
(direction) for use.
注意：directions on how to use
4.Many Olympic champions said that they won the games because of their (adopt) scientific training methods. （= because they adopted … … ） 答案：adopting 5.Everyone has to go to the dentist's ，you 答案：included (you included / including you) (include).