汉英沉积学常用词汇
英语地质词汇L-Z
laanilite 榴铁伟晶岩label 标签标记labelled compound 标记化合物labium 下唇laboratory data 实验室资料labradite 拉长岩labrador 拉长石laccolith 岩盘laccolithic mountain 岩盘山lack 缺乏lacroixite 锥晶石lactate 乳酸盐lactic acid 乳酸lacuna 地层缺失lacustrine deposits 湖沉积lacustrine formation 湖积建造lacustrine terrace 湖成阶地ladder lode 梯状矿脉ladder vein 梯状矿脉ladinian stage 拉丁尼克阶ladinic 拉丁尼克阶lag fault 滞后断层lag time 迟延时间lagonite 硼铁矿lagoon 泻湖lagoon deposits 泻湖沉积lagoon sediments 泻湖沉积lagoonal 写湖的lahar 火山泥流lakarpite 钠闪正长岩lake 湖lake basin 湖盆lakeside 湖岸lamel 薄层lamella 薄层lamellar 层纹状的lamellar texture 叶片状结构lamellibranchia 瓣鳃类lamina 叶片lamina plane 薄层面laminar boundary layer 层吝界层laminar flow 片零流lamination 分层lamprobolite 玄闪石lamprophyllite 闪叶石lamprophyre 煌斑岩lamprophyric 煌斑岩状的lanarkite 黄铅矿lance leaved 披针叶的lance shaped 披针形的lanceolate 披针形的land creep 地滑land facies 陆相land subsidence 地盘沉陷land surface 地面landesite 基性磷锰铁矿landfall 山崩地滑landform 地貌landscape 景观landslide 山崩滑坡landslip 山崩滑坡langbanite 硅锑锰矿langbeinite 无水钾镁矾langite 蓝铜矾lanthanide contraction 镧族元素压缩lanthanide elements 镧系元素lanthanides 镧系元素lanthanite 镧石lanthanum 镧lapies 岩沟lapilli 火山砾lapilli tuff 火山砾凝灰岩lapout 沉积尖灭lapparentite 基性铝矾lapse rate 温度垂直梯度laramide orogeny 拉拉米造山运动laramide revolution 拉拉米造山运动larderellite 硼铵石larger foraminifer 大型有孔虫larnite 斜硅钙石larsenite 硅铅锌矿larva 幼虫laser beam drilling 激光束钻井laser remote sensing 激光遥感lassenite 新鲜粗玻岩lasurapatite 青磷灰石latency 潜伏latent heat 汽化潜热latent heat of vaporization 汽化潜热latent instability 潜在稳定lateral 侧面的lateral attraction 侧向引力lateral contraction 侧向收缩lateral coring 侧向取岩心lateral curve 梯度测井曲线lateral erosion 侧蚀lateral eruption 侧喷发lateral gradation 侧夷酌lateral inflow 侧面进水lateral migration 侧向运移lateral moraine 侧碛lateral nerve 侧脉lateral ocellus 侧单眼lateral plate 侧板lateral pressure 侧压力lateral secretion theory 侧分泌说lateral till 侧碛lateral volcanic cone 侧火山锥laterite 红土laterization 红土化laterlog 侧向测井laterlogging 侧向测井latite 安粗岩latitude 纬度latitude correction 纬度改正lattice defect 点阵缺损lattice energy 晶格能lattice spacing 格子间距lattice structure 晶格构造laubanite 白沸石laue diffraction pattern 劳埃法x 射线照片laue method 劳厄方法laue pattern 劳埃法x 射线照片laue spot 劳埃斑laugenite 奥长闪长岩laumontite 浊沸石laurasia 劳亚古陆laurdalite 歪霞正长岩laurentian orogeny 劳伦造山运动laurention 北大误地块laurionite 羟氯铅矿laurite 硫钌锇矿laurvikite 歪碱正长岩lausenite 六水铁矾lautarite 碘钙石lava 熔岩lava ash 熔岩灰lava bed 熔岩层lava cascade 熔岩瀑布lava column 熔岩柱lava cone 熔岩锥lava crater 熔岩火口lava dome 熔岩穹丘lava field 熔岩荒野lava flood 熔岩泛lava flow 熔岩流lava flow plateau 溶岩高原lava fountain 熔岩泉lava lake 熔岩湖lava neck 熔岩颈lava plain 熔岩平原lava plateau 熔岩高原lava plug 熔岩颈lava scum 熔岩沫lava sea 熔岩海lava sheet 熔岩席lava spine 熔岩棘lava spring 熔岩泉lava stalactite 熔岩钟乳lava stalagmite 熔岩石笋lava tear 溶岩泪lava tree mould 熔岩释lava tube 熔岩管lava tunnel 熔岩洞lava volcano 熔岩火山lava wedge 熔岩楔lava well 溶岩井lavenite 锆钽矿lavialite 残拉角闪岩lavrovite 钒辉石law of correlation of facies 岩相相关律law of correlative evolution 相关演化定律law of equal volume 等体积定律law of superposition 叠覆律lawrencite 陨氯铁lawrencium 铹lawrowite 钒辉石lawsonite 硬柱石layer 层layer lattice 层格layer of earth 地层layer of shale 夹层layer resistivity 层电阻率layer structure factor 成层构造因子layered gneiss 层状片麻岩layering 成层laying of a borehole 钻孔铺设lazurite 青金石leach 浸出leached chernozem 淋溶黑土leached soil 淋溶土leached zone 淋滤带leaching 淋滤leaching horizon 淋溶层lead 铅lead lead method 铅铅法年龄测定lead zinc ore 铅锌矿leadhillite 硫碳酸铅矿leading element 标准元素leading fossil 标准化石leading line 一般走向leaf 叶leaf apex 叶先leaf arrangement 叶序leaf base 叶基leaf blade 叶片leaf by leaf injection 层层侵入leaf cushion 叶枕leaf like texture 叶片状结构leaf scar 叶痕leaf stalk 叶柄leaflet 小叶leak 漏洞leak detector 检漏器查漏仪leakage coefficient 漏泄系数leakage factor 渗漏系数leakage indicator 接地指示器leakance 漏泄电导leaky aquifer 越连水层lean clay 瘦粘土lean halving 贫矿lean ore 贫矿lechatelierite 焦石英lecontite 钠铵矾lectotype 选型ledge 含矿层ledmorite 榴霞正长岩leeuwfonteinite 歪长闪正长岩left handed crystal 左晶leg 肢legend 图例legrandite 基性砷锌石lehiite 白磷碱铝钙石lehmann discontinuity 莱曼不连续面lehrzolite 异剥古铜橄家leidleite 微斑安山岩leifite 白针柱石lembergite 绿蒙脱石lengthwise section 纵截面lens 扁豆状矿体lensoid ore body 透镜状矿体lenticular 扁豆状的lenticular intercalation 扁豆状夹层lenticular ore body 透镜状矿体lenticular twin 扁豆状双晶lenticular vein 扁豆状矿脉lentil 扁豆状矿体leonite 钾镁矾lepdoblastic 鳞片变晶状的lepidoblastic texture 鳞片变晶状结构lepidochlorite 鳞绿泥石lepidocrocite 纤铁矿lepidogranoblastic 鳞片花岗变晶的lepidolite 锂云母lepidomelane 铁锂云母leptite 长英麻粒岩leptogeosyncline 薄地槽leptothermal deposit 亚中温矿床leptynite 长石白粒岩lerbachite 杂硒铅汞矿lermontovite 水铈铀磷钙石lessingite 钙硅铈石leuchtenbergite 淡斜绿泥石leucite 白榴石leucite phonolite 白榴响岩leucite syenite 白榴正长岩leucite trachyte 白榴粗面岩leucitite 白榴岩leucitophyre 白榴斑岩leucocrate 淡色岩leucocratic rock 淡色岩leucopetrite 蜡褐煤leucophane 白铍石leucophanite 白铍石leucophoenic ite 水硅锰矿leucophyre 糟化辉绿岩leucosphenite 淡钡钛石leucotephrite 淡灰玄岩leucoxene 白钛石levee 天然堤level 水准level surface 水准面levellig 水准测量levyne 插晶菱沸石levynite 插晶菱沸石lewisite 锑钛烧绿石liana 藤本植物liane 藤本植物lias 里阿斯libethenite 磷铜矿libollite 暗沥青lichen bog 地衣沼泽lichen tundra 地衣冻原lichens 地衣类liebenerite 白霞石liebenerite porphyry 白假霞石liebigite 铀钙石lievrite 黑柱石lift 上升lifting condensation level 抬升凝结高度ligament 韧带light oil 轻油light sand 松砂light spot 光点lignification 褐煤化lignified 褐煤化的lignite 褐煤ligulate 舌形的lillianite 硫铋铅矿liman 溺谷limb 翼limb of fold 褶皱翼limburgite 玻基辉橄岩lime 椴lime metasomatism 石灰交代lime requirement 石灰需要量lime water 石灰水limestone 石灰岩limestone cave 灰岩洞limestone sonde 石灰岩电极系liminated structure 片状结构liming 施用石灰limit 界限limit of elasticity 弹性极限limiting factor 限制因子limiting value 极限值limnic peat 淡水泥炭limnogeology 湖沼地质学limnology 湖沼学limnoplankton 池沼浮游生物limonite 褐铁矿limurite 斧辉岩linarite 青铅矿lindackerite 砷镍铜矾linden 椴lindgrenite 钼铜矿lindoite 钠闪正长细晶岩lindstromite 硬硫铋铅铜矿line 系line focus 线焦点line of break 崩落线line of magnetization 磁化线line spectrum 线状光谱line squall 线飑lineament 线型构造linear fold 线状褶皱linear parallel 线状平行linear programming 线性规划linear scanning 直线扫描linear strain 线应变linear structure 线状构造lineation 线理linked vein 链状矿脉linnaeite 硫钴矿linneite 硫钴矿linophyric 线斑状的lip 唇liparite 疗岩lipids 类脂lipocyte 脂细胞liptobiolith 残植煤liquation 熔离liquation deposit 熔析矿床liquid compound 液体化合物liquid crystal 液晶liquid element 液体元素liquid immiscibility 液体不混合性liquid inclusion 液体包缠体liquid phase 液相liquid window 液态窗liquidation of hole 封孔liquidus 液相线liroconite 水砷铝铜矿liskeardite 砷铁铝矿listwanite 滑石菱镁岩lit by lit injection 层层贯入lit par lit gneiss 间层片麻岩lit par lit intrusion 间层侵入lithic tuff 石质凝灰岩lithification 岩化lithiophilite 锰磷锂矿lithium 锂lithofacies 岩相lithofacies map 岩相图lithogenesis 岩石成因lithogenesy 岩石成因学lithoidal 石质的lithoidite texture 石质结构lithoiditic 显微霏细质的lithoidtic 显微霏细质的lithological character 岩性lithological map 岩性图lithology 岩性学lithomarge 密高岭土lithophile elements 亲岩元素lithophysa 石泡lithophytes 岩生植物lithosphere 岩石圈lithospheric fault 岩圈断裂lithostatic pressure 岩石静压力lithostratigraphy 岩石地层学lithotype 煤岩类型litmus paper 石蕊试纸little ice age 小冰期littoral deposit 沿岸沉积littoral drift 沿岸沉积物流沿岸漂移littoral sediments 沿岸沉积物littoral shelf 湖棚littoral terrace 海滨阶地liverworts 苔类living being 生物living fossil 活化石livingstonite 硫汞锑矿lixiviate 浸出lixiviation 淋滤llandeilian 兰代洛阶llandovery 蓝达夫里阶load test 负荷试验loader 装载机loam 粘泥loamy ground 粘土质土壤lobe 裂片lobed 浅裂的lobulate 具小裂片的lobus 裂片local 局部的local anomaly 局部异常local colour 地方色彩local gravity anomaly 局部重力异常local mean time 地方平均时local terrace 局部阶地local unconformity 局部不整合locality 产地localization 定位location of well 钻孔布置locomotion 移动locomotory appendage 运动肢lode 矿脉lodgment till 底碛loess 黄土loess doll 黄土结核log 钻孔柱状图;测井记录log interpretation 测井记录解释logging 测井logging cable 测井电缆logging truck 测井车loin 腰lone electron pair 未共电子对long bond 长键long flame coal 长焰煤long leaved 长叶的long rangeorder 长程有序long thorned 长刺的long wave radiation 长波辐射longhole 深眼longitude 经度longitudinal division 纵裂longitudinal fault 纵断层longitudinal joint 纵节理longitudinal section 纵截面longitudinal valley 纵谷longitudinal wave 纵波longshore current 沿岸流岸流longshore drift 沿岸沉积物流沿岸漂移longulite 长朕皱晶loose 松的loose bed 松散层loose rock 疏松岩石loparite 铈铌钙钛矿lopezite 铬钾矿lopolith 岩盆loran 远程导航lorandite 红铊矿loranskite 钇钽矿lorenzenite 硅钠钛矿lorettoite 黄氯铅矿loseyite 蓝锌锰矿lost volacno 熄火山loupe 放大镜love waves 勒伏氏波lovenite 锆钽矿low ash coal 低灰分煤low bush tundra 灌木冻原low flow 枯水量low grade 低品位low grade ore 贫矿low moor 低位沼泽low plain 低平原low quartz 低温石英low seam 薄层low tmperature form 低温型low velocity layer 低速带low volatile bituminous coal 低挥发分烟煤low volatile coal 低挥发分煤low water 低潮lower course 下游lower labium 下唇lower seam 低层lower sublittoral zone 底亚滨海带lowland 低地lowland bog 低位沼泽lubricating layer 润滑层luciite 细粒闪长岩ludlamite 板磷铁矿ludlovian 卢德洛阶ludlowian 卢德洛阶ludwigite 硼镁铁矿lueneburgite 硼磷镁石lugarite 闪辉沸霞斜岩lujaurite 异霞正长岩lujavrite 异霞正长岩lumbar region 腰区luminescence 发光luminous animals 发光动物lump 土粒lump coal 块煤lump ore 块矿lunar basin 月盆lunar chronology 月面年代学lunar dust 月尘lunar geology 月球地质学lunar igneous rocks 月球火成岩lunar lacus 月湖lunar regolith 月土壤lunar rock 月岩lunar soil 月球土壤lunar stratigraphy 月球地层学lunar tectonism 月球构造酌lunar volcanism 月球火山酌lunarite 酸性月岩lundyite 红钠闪正长斑岩luneburgite 硼磷镁石luscladite 橄辉斜霞岩lusitanian stage 卢喂阶lusitanite 霓闪正长岩lussatite 正绿方石英luster 光泽lutaceous 泥质的lutetium 镥lutite 细屑岩luxullianite 电气花岗岩luzonite 块状硫砷铜矿lycopods 石松类lydite 燧石板岩lying fold 伏卧褶皱lyndochite 钙钍黑稀金矿lyolysis 溶剂分解lyophilic sol 亲液溶胶lyophilic surface 亲液面lyophobic 疏液的lyophobic sol 疏液溶胶lysimeter 渗漏测定仪maar 低平火山口macaluba 泥火山macedonite 云橄粗安岩maceral 煤显微组分machine drilling 机脐井machine drive 机械传动mackayite 水碲铁矿mackensite 铝绿泥石mackintoshite 黑铀钍矿macrocephalic 大头的macrocephalous 大头的macroclimate 大气候macrocrystalline 粗晶的macrodome 长轴坡面macroevolution 大演化macroface 宏观相macrolithology 宏观岩性学macromolecule 巨型macroplankton 大型浮游生物macropore 大孔隙macroporphyritic 粗斑状的macrosclere 大骨针macroscopic 宏观的macroscopic anisotropy 宏观蛤异性macroseism 强震macrosolifluction 大型泥石流macrosporangium 大孢子囊macrospore 大孢子macrosporophyll 大孢子叶macrostratigraphy 宏观地层学macrostructure 宏观结构macrovariolitic 粗球粒玄武岩的maenaite 富闪二长霏细岩mafic rock 镁铁质岩石maggie 低质的maggy 低质的maghemite 磁赤铁矿magic number 幻数magma 岩浆magma basin 岩浆储源magma chamber 岩浆储源magma pocket 岩浆储源magma reservoir 岩浆储源magma splitting 岩浆分裂magmametamorphism 岩浆变质magmatic 岩浆的magmatic assimilation 岩浆同化酌magmatic column 岩浆柱magmatic differentiation 岩浆分异magmatic evolution 岩浆演化magmatic formation 岩浆建造magmatic oreforming process 岩浆成矿酌magmatic rock 岩浆岩magmatic segregation 岩浆分结酌magmatic stoping 岩浆升蚀magmatic water 岩浆水magmatogene 岩浆成因的magmatology 岩浆学magneic hysteresis 磁滞magnesian limestone 含镁石灰岩magnesio orthite 镁褐帘石magnesioferrite 镁铁矿magnesioludwigite 富镁硼铁矿magnesiosussexite 镁硼锰石magnesite 菱镁矿magnesium 镁magnesium limestone 含镁石灰岩magnet 磁铁magnet coil 电磁铁线圈magnetic alloy 磁性合金magnetic amplifier 磁放大器magnetic analysis 磁性分析magnetic anisotropy 磁力蛤异性magnetic anomaly 地磁异常magnetic attraction 磁吸引magnetic axis 磁轴magnetic balance 磁秤magnetic bearing 磁方位magnetic chart 地磁图magnetic concentration 磁选矿magnetic conductivity 磁导magnetic core storage 磁心存储器magnetic current 磁流magnetic curve 磁化线magnetic damping 磁阻尼magnetic declination 磁偏角magnetic deflection 磁偏转magnetic deviation 磁力差magnetic dipole 磁偶极子magnetic domain 磁畴magnetic equator 地磁赤道magnetic field 磁场magnetic field strength 磁场强度magnetic fluid 磁流magnetic flux 磁通量magnetic force 磁力magnetic fossil 磁性化石magnetic head 磁头magnetic inclination 磁倾角magnetic induction 磁感应magnetic intensity 磁化强度magnetic leakage 磁漏magnetic lines of force 磁力线magnetic map 地磁图magnetic measurement 磁测量magnetic meridian 磁子午线magnetic moment 磁矩magnetic needle 磁针magnetic north 磁北magnetic permeability 磁导率magnetic polarity 磁极性magnetic polarization 磁极化magnetic pole 磁极magnetic potential 磁位magnetic prospecting 磁力勘探magnetic pyrite 磁黄铁矿magnetic quantum number 磁量子数magnetic reluctance 磁阻magnetic remanence 剩磁magnetic sand 磁性砂magnetic saturation 磁饱和magnetic separation 磁选magnetic spin quantum number 磁自旋量子数magnetic storm 磁暴magnetic stratigraphy 古地磁地层学magnetic substance 磁体magnetic survey 地磁测量magnetic susceptibility 磁化率magnetic susceptibility log 磁化率测井magnetic variation 磁变magnetite 磁铁矿magnetization of rocks 岩石磁化magnetizing force 磁化力magnetochemistry 磁化学magnetograph 地磁记录仪magnetometer 地磁仪magnetomotive force 磁动势magnetoplumbite 磁铅矿magnetostratigraphy 磁性地层学magnetostriction 磁致伸缩magnetotelluric method 大地电磁法magnification 放大magnitude 震级magnochromite 镁铬铁矿main divide 种水岭main fault 窒层main fold 洲皱main joint 众理main magnetic field 峙场main nerve 嘱main reef 煮层main river 主钟main valency 汁子价mainland 大陆maitlandite 钍脂铅铀矿maize 玉米major elements 知元素major fault 窒层major fold 洲皱major joint 众理major structure 止造make even 使平坦makensite 铝绿泥石makite 无水碱芒硝malachite 孔雀石malacolite 白透辉石malacology 软体动物学malacon 变水锆石malakon 变水锆石malchite 微闪长岩maldonite 黑铋金矿malformation 畸形malignite 暗霞正长岩malladrite 氟硅钠石mallardite 白锰矾malleability 展性malleus 骨锤malm 麻姆统malm series 麻姆统malnutrition hypotrophy 营养不足maltha 软沥青mamelon 小圆丘mamillary 乳头状mammalogy 哺乳动物学mammals 哺乳类mammary 乳房的mammatus cloud 乳房状man made geologic hazard 人工地质灾害man made geothermal field 人工地热田mandible 下颌mandibular bone 下颌骨manebach twin 底面双晶mangan ludwigite 硼镁锰矿manganapatite 锰磷灰石manganate 锰酸盐manganblende 硫锰矿manganchlorite 锰绿泥石mangandolomite 锰白云石manganese 锰manganese bacteria 锰细菌manganese hat 锰帽manganese nodule 锰结核manganese ore 锰矿manganhedenbergite 锰钙铁辉石manganite 水锰矿mangankoninckite 锰针磷铁矿manganmonticellite 锰钙橄榄石manganobrucite 锰水镁石manganocalcite 锰方解石manganophyllite 锰黑云母manganosite 方锰矿manganostibiite 锰砷锑矿mangerite 纹长二长岩manipulation 操作manometer 压力计mantle 地幔mantle cavity 套膜腔mantle convection 地幔对流mantle diapir 地幔底辟构造mantle eye 外套眼mantle line 套线mantle loam 盖层垆坶mantle plume 地幔涌流map 地图map interlinking 接图maple 枫木maquis 马味群落mar 小湖marahuite 土状沥青褐煤marble 大理石marbleization 大理石化marcasite 白铁矿marceline 杂褐锰矿marcylite 黑氯铜矿marekanite 珠状疗玻璃margarite 珍珠云母;串珠雏晶margarosanite 针硅钙铅矿margin 边限marginal furrow 外缘沟marginal geosyncline 边缘地槽marginal joint 边缘节理marginal plateau 边缘高原marginal schistosity 边缘片理marginal sea 边缘海marginal swell 边缘隆起marginal trough 边缘地槽marginal zone 边缘带marginate 有边缘的marginatus 有边缘的marialite 钠柱石marine algae 海洋藻类marine cycle 海蚀轮回marine deposit 海洋沉积marine erosion 海蚀marine geology 海洋地质学marine marsh 海湿地marine originated salt water lake 海源咸水湖marine regression 海退marine sediments 海积物marine snow 海雪marine surveying 海洋测量marine terrace 海阶marine water 海水marionite 水锌矿mariupolite 钠霞正长岩mark 做记号marker bed 标准层marker horizon 标准层marketable ore 商品矿石markfieldite 闪长花斑岩marking device 记录装置markov chain 马尔柯夫链markov process 马尔柯夫过程marl 泥灰岩marlaceous face 泥灰岩相marloesite 钠长橄斑岩marly 泥灰岩的marmatite 铁闪锌矿marmolite 白蛇纹石marosite 云辉等色岩marsh 沼泽marsh gas 沼气marsh peat 湿地泥炭marshite 碘铜矿marshland 沼泽地marshy 沼泽地的martinite 板磷钙石martite 假象赤铁矿marundite 珠云刚玉岩masanite 马山岩masanophyre 马山斑岩mascagnite 硫铵石mascon 质量瘤mashroom rock 蘑菇状岩maskelynite 斜长玻璃masonite 硬绿泥石mass absorption coefficient 质量吸收系数mass concentration 质量瘤mass curve 累和曲线mass defect 质量筐mass density 质量密度mass flowmeter 质量量计mass growth 生长量mass number 质量数mass separation 同位素分离mass separator 质量分离器mass spectrograph 质谱仪mass spectrographic method 质谱法mass spectrometer 质谱分析器质谱仪mass spectrometry 质谱分析mass spectrum 质谱mass transfer 质量传递mass transport 大宗运输massicot 铅黄massif 地块massive 块状的massive coal 块煤massive ore 块状矿massive ore deposit 块状矿床massive structure 块状构造massive texture 块状结构master factor 决定因素masuyite 水铀铅矿material 充填料mathematical geology 数学地质mathematical geomorphology 数学地貌学mathematical model 数学模型matildite 硫银铋矿matlockite 氟氯铅矿matrix 石基matte 冰铜mature 成孰的mature stage 壮年期mature valley 壮年谷maturity 壮年期maucherite 砷镍矿mauzeliite 铅锑烧绿石maxillary 上颌骨maxillipede 颌肢maximum basin relief 最大盆地起伏maximum depth 最大深度maximum event 最大现象maximum microcline 最大微斜长石maximum output 峰值输出功率maximum stability period 和缓期maximum velaency 最高价mazapilite 黑砷铁矿meadow 草地meadow chernozemic soil 草甸黑土meadow ore 沼铁矿meadow peat 草地泥炭meagre coal 贫煤mealy 粉状的mean annual temperature 年平均温度mean deviation 平均偏差mean life 平均寿命mean sea level 平均海水面mean size 平均直径mean squared error 均方误差mean value 平均值mean water level 平均水位meander 曲流河曲meander bar 点砂坝meander belt 曲柳meander core 离堆山meander neck 曲帘measure 测度measured reserves a 级储量measurement range 测量范围measures 层组measuring 测量measuring circuit 测量线路measuring coil 测量线圈measuring cylinder 量筒measuring instrument 测量仪器measuring reel 卷尺measuring stick 量尺measuring tape 卷尺measuring tube 量筒measuring weir 测吝mechanical analysis 机械分析mechanical cover 机械的覆盖层mechanical drive 机械传动mechanical metamorphism 机械的变质mechanical property 机械性质mechanical stage 机械台mechanical twin 机械的双晶mechanical weathering 机械风化mechanism 机构medial 中间的medial till 中碛medial vein 中脉median mass 中间地块median plane 正中面median seam 中央矿层median septum 中隔壁median skeleton 隔壁褶皱medicinal spring 医疗泉mediterranean petrographic province 地中海岩区medium crude oil 中间原油medium grained sand 中粒沙medium grained texture 中粒结构medium pressure metamorphism 中压变质酌medium sand 中砂medium thickness seam 中厚层medium volatile bituminous coal 中度挥发烟煤medjidite 铀钙矾medmontite 铜蒙脱石medullary space 髓腔medusa 水母mega anna mamega evolution 巨进化megabreccia 巨形角砾岩megaclast 粗碎屑megacrystal 大晶megacycle 巨旋回megacyclothem 巨旋回层megafacies 大相megafauna 巨型动物群megaflora 巨型植物群megafossil 大化石megageotectonics 大构造megalith 巨石megalopa 大眼幼体megaloplankton 大型浮游生物meganticlinorium 巨复背斜megaphyric structure 大斑晶状构造megaporphyric 粗斑的megasclere 大骨针megasedimentology 宏观沉积学megaseisms 强地伟震megasporangium 大孢子囊megaspore 大孢子megasynclinorium 大复向斜meionite 钙柱石melaconite 黑铜矿melange 混杂堆积物melanocrate 暗色岩melanocratic 深色的melanocratic rock 暗色岩melanotekite 硅铅铁矿melanterite 水绿矾melaphyre 暗玢岩melilite 黄长石melilite basalt 黄长玄武岩melilitite 黄长岩melinophane 蜜黄长石meliphanite 蜜黄长石mellite 蜜蜡石melnikovite 胶黄铁矿melonite 碲镍矿melt water 融水melteigite 霞霓钠辉岩melting 熔化melting curve 熔化曲线melting point 熔点melting pot 坩埚member 段membrane 膜menaccanite 钛铁矿mendeleevite 钙铌钛铀矿mendelevium 钔mendipite 白氯铅矿mendozite 钠茂meneghinite 辉锑铅矿menilite 肝蛋白石meniscus 弯月面mercator's projection 墨下托投影;墨卡托投影merchantable ore 可售矿石mercury 汞mercury barometer 水银气压表mercury column 水银柱mercury gage 水银压力表mercury thermometer 水银温度表meridian 子午线meridional circulation 经向环流meridional structural system 经向构造体系meristem 分生组织meristematic tissue 分生组织meroblastic cleavage 不全裂merocrine 局泌的merocrine gland 局泌腺merohedrism 缺面象merohedry 缺面象meroplankton 季节浮游生物meroxene 黑云母merrillite 陨磷钙钠石merwinite 镁硅钙石mesa 方山mesectoderm 中外胚层meseta 台地mesh 筛号mesh size 网目尺寸mesh structure 网状结构mesitite 菱铁镁矿mesocrate 中色岩mesocratic 中色的mesodesmic structure 介强键体结构mesodialyte 中性石mesogeosyncline 陆间地槽mesolite 中沸石mesometamorphism 中变质mesophytes 中生植物mesophytic era 中植物代mesoplankton 中型浮游生物mesorelief 中地形mesosiderite 中石铁陨石mesosilicate 焦硅酸盐mesosphere 中圈mesospore 中孢壁mesosporium 中孢壁mesostasis 最后充填物mesostructure 中构造mesothermal deposit 中深热液矿床mesozoic epochs of compression 中生代挤压mesozoic era 中生代mesozone 中带messelite 次磷钙铁矿meta andesitization 变安山岩化meta gabbro 准辉长岩meta ripples 不对称波痕metabasalt 变玄武岩metabasite 准基性岩metabitumite 准沥青岩metablast 变晶metabolism 代谢metabolite 蚀变粗玻岩metabrushite 脂磷钙石metachemical metamorphism 准化学变质酌metachert 变燧石metacinnabarite 黑辰砂矿metacolloid 结晶胶体metacolloidal structure 变胶状构造metacryst 斑晶变晶metacrystal 斑晶变晶metacrystalline rocks 变晶岩metadiagenesis 后成metafluidal 准链的metagenesis 世代交替metagneiss 准片麻岩metahalloysite 准埃洛石metahewettite 变针钒钙石metal 金属metal bearing 含金属的metal content 金属含量metall metric survey 金属量测量metallic bond 金属键metallic element 金属元素metallic luster 金属光泽metallic mineral 金属矿物metallic ore 金属矿石metallic ore deposit 金属矿床metallic rectifier 金属整流metalliferous 含金属的metalliferous exhalation 含金属喷气metallization 成矿酌metallogenic element 成矿元素metallogenic epoch 成矿时代metallogenic factors 成矿因素metallogenic map 成矿图metallogenic province 成矿区metallogeny 矿床成因论metallographic microscope 金相显微镜metallography 金相学metalloid 准金属metallotectonics 成矿构造学metamict 混胶状metamorphic 变质的metamorphic aureole 变质圈metamorphic cycle 变质旋回metamorphic deposit 变质矿床metamorphic differentiation 变质分异酌metamorphic diffusion 变质扩散酌metamorphic event 变质事件metamorphic facies 变质相metamorphic grade 变质程度metamorphic map 变质图metamorphic reaction 变质反应metamorphic rock 变质岩metamorphic water 变质水metamorphic zone 变质带metamorphism 变质metamorphosed deposit 受变质矿床metamorphosed rock 变质岩metamorphosis 变态metapegmatite 准伟晶岩metaphloem 后生韧皮部metarossite 准水钒钙石metasediments 变质沉积物metasequoia 水杉属metasilicates 偏硅酸盐metasomatic 交代的metasomatic deposit 交代矿床metasomatic relict texture 交代残余结构metasomatism 交代metasomatosis 交代变质metasome 交代矿物metastable compound 准稳定化合物metastable state 准稳定状态metastasis 同质蜕变metastasy 同质蜕变metataxis 分异深熔酌metatect 变熔体metatexis 分异深熔酌metatexite 变熔体metathorax 后胸metatorbernite 准铜铀云母metatyuyamunite 准钙钒铀矿metauranopilite 准硫铀钙矿metavauxite 准蓝磷铝铁矿metavoltine 黄磷铁矾metavoltite 黄磷铁矾metaxylem 次生木质部metazeunerite 准翠砷铜铀矿meteoric dust 陨星尘meteoric water theory 雨水说meteorite 陨石meteorite crater 陨石孔meter dial 分度弧methane drainage borehole 沼气排气钻孔methane oxidation 甲烷氧化method of analogue 类比法method of gamma gamma 伽马伽马法method of images 镜像法method of iteration 迭代法method of mirror 镜像法method of neutron activation 中子活化法methyl violet 甲基紫meymacite 水钨华miargyrite 辉锑银矿miarolitic 晶洞状的miarolitic cavity 晶洞miarolitic texture 晶洞结构miascite 云霞正长岩mica 云母mica clay mineral 云母粘土矿物mica gneiss 云母片麻岩mica peridotite 云母橄榄岩mica schist 云母片岩micaceous iron ore 云母铁矿micaceous sandstone 云母砂岩micaceous structure 云母构造micanite 绝缘石micelle 胶束micrinite 碎片体microanalysis 微量分析microaphanite structure 显微隐晶质构造microautograph 微射线自动照相microautoradiogram 微射线自动照相microbalance 微量天平microbarograph 自记微气压计microbe 微生物microbial oxidation 微生物氧化microbial prospecting 微生物勘探microbiology 微生物学microchemical analysis 微量化学分析microcline 微斜长石microclinization 微斜长石化microcryptocrystalline 微隐晶质的microcrystal 微晶microcrystalline texture 显微晶质结构microcrystalloblastic 显微变晶的microdensitometry 微显像密度计microdoleritic 微徨缘状的microelement 微量元素microevolution 微进化microfauna 微动物群microfelsite 微霏细岩microfelsitic 微霏细岩状microfissure 微裂缝microflora 微植物群microfluidal texture 微链结构microfocus x ray tube 微焦点x 射线管microfolding 皱纹microfossil 微化石microgeology 微观地质学microgranite 微花岗岩microgranitic 微花岗状的microgranitoid 微花岗状的microgranular 微晶粒状micrographic 微文象状的micrographic intergrowth 共生micrographic texture 微文象结构microhypidiomorphic 显微半平自形的microlaterolog 微侧向测井microlepidoblastic 微鳞变晶的microlite 微晶石microlithology 显微岩性学microlithotype of coal 煤岩显微类型microlitic 微晶质的microlog 微电极测井micromanipulation 显微操作micrometeorite 微陨石micrometer 测微计micrometric analysis 微量分析microophitic 微辉绿岩状的microorganism 微生物micropaleontology 微古生物学micropegmatic intergrowth 共生micropegmatite 微纹象岩micropegmatitic 微纹象的microperthite 微纹长石micropetrography 显微岩石学microphanerocrystalline 微显晶质的microphotographic apparatus 显微照相装置microphyllous 小叶的microphyric 微斑状microphytocoenosis 小植物群落microplate 微板块micropoikilitic 微嵌晶状的micropolarimeter 测微偏振计micropore 微孔microradiography 显微射线照相术microradiometer 显微辐射计microrelief 微地貌microresistivity log 微电极测井microscopic analysis 显微分析microscopic anisotropy 显微异向性microscopy 显微镜检查microsection 薄片microseism 微震microseismic movement 微震microseismic region 微震区microsolifluction 显微泥流microsommite 碱钾钙霞石microspherolitic 微球粒状的microsporangium 小孢子囊microspore 小孢子microsporogenesis 小孢子发生microsporophyll 小孢子叶microstrainer 微孔滤网microstratigraphy 微观地层学microstructure 微结构microtaxitic 微斑杂状的microtectonics 显微构造microtinite 透斜长石microtitration 微量滴定microtome 切片机microtopography 小地貌microvesicular 微多孔状的microwave remote sensing 微波遥感mid leg 中肢mid oceanic ridge 洋中脊mid oceanic ridge basalt 中央海脊玄武岩mid oceanic rift 大洋中谷middle hydrothermal deposit 中深热液矿床middle leg 中肢middle limb 中翼middling 中矿middling product 中矿midland 内地miersite 黄碘银矿migma 混合岩浆migmatic pegmatite 混合伟晶岩migmatite 复片麻岩migration 迁移migration of elements 元素的迁移miharaite 三原岩milarite 整柱石mild humus 细腐殖miliolite 风成细粒灰岩military geology 军事地质学mill 选矿厂millerite 针镍矿millisecond blasting 毫秒爆破miloschite 铬铝英石miltonite 烧石膏mimesis 拟态mimetesite 砷铅矿mimetic 模仿的mimetic crystal 拟晶mimetic crystallization 拟晶结晶mimetic tectonite 模拟构造岩mimetism 拟态mimetite 砷铅矿mimicry 拟态mimosite 钛铁粗玄岩minable 可开采的minable seam 可采煤层minable stratum 可采矿层minasragrite 钒矾mindel 民德冰期mine 矿山mine car 矿车mine concession 矿田mine drainage 矿井排水mine haulage 矿山运输mine smalls 粉矿mine surveying 矿山测量mine timber 坑木mine water 坑内地下水miner 矿工miner's compass 矿山罗盘miner's hammer 碎矿锤mineragenetic epoch 成矿时代mineragenetic province 成矿区minerageny 矿物成因论mineragraphy 金属矿相学mineral 矿物mineral assemblage 矿物集合mineral association 矿物组合mineral charcoal 天然木炭mineral chemistry 矿物化学mineral composition 矿物成分mineral deposit 矿床mineral deposit by chemical sedimentation 化学沉积矿床mineral deposit by mechanical sedimentation 机械沉积矿床mineral dye 矿物染料mineral equilibrium 矿物平衡mineral fat 矿脂mineral fertilizer 矿质肥料mineral filler 矿物填料mineral lineation 矿物生长线理mineral manure 矿质肥料mineral matter 矿物质mineral occurrence 矿点mineral oil 矿物油mineral pair 矿物对mineral paragenesis 矿物共生mineral physics 矿物物理学mineral pigment 矿物颜料mineral products 矿产mineral resources 矿石储量;矿产资源mineral salt 无机盐mineral spring 矿泉mineral tar 软沥青mineral water 矿泉水mineralization 成矿酌mineralization ratio 矿化系数mineralize 矿化mineralized zone 矿化带mineralizer 矿化剂mineralizing agent 矿化剂mineralizing solution 矿化溶液mineralogical 矿物学的mineralogical phase rule 矿物相律mineralogist 矿物学家mineralogy 矿物学mineraloid 似矿物minerocoentology 矿物共生学minerogenic rock 成矿岩石minette 云煌岩minimal area 最小面积minimum event 最低结果minimum mining content 最小可采品位minimum mining thickness 最小可采厚度minimum mining width 最小可采厚度minimum temperature 最低温度minimum workable grade 最低可采品位minimum workable thickness 最低可采厚度mining 矿业;采矿mining compass 矿山罗盘mining geology 采矿地质学mining industry 矿业mining law 矿山法则mining limit 采区边界。
沉积特征英语词汇
Depositional Distinguishing Feature 沉积特征sedimentary structure 沉积构造bdd beded 层状的bndd banded 层状的band band 夹层xlam crosslaminated 交错层理xbdd crossbeded 交错层intbdd interbeded 互层的，夹层的crnk crinkled 褶皱cont contact 接触，界面unconf unconformity 不整合conf conformity 整合crev crevive 裂隙conc concretion 结核，含有物nod nodules 结核。
团块ves vesicular 多孔状lumpy lumpy 块状conch conchoidal 贝壳状gran granular 颗粒状slky silky 丝状gl glassy 玻璃状fib fibrous 纤维状glblr globular 球状xl crystal 结晶xln crystalline 结晶体porosity 孔隙度gd good 15% 好fair 10～15% 中等poor 5～10% 较差trace less 5% 微小fissibity 解理，可劈性clvg clesvage 解理，劈理crystal or grain size 晶体形状与颗粒大小texture 结构lstr lustre 光泽silky 丝绢光泽swelling properties 膨胀度，膨胀性solubiling 吸水性accessory mineral 次生矿范例clastic 碎屑岩If the representative samples from the siever have been selected and the percentage of the various constituents have been estimated, then the logical order of the sample description is:如果从筛子中已选出具有代表性的岩样，而且该岩样的各组份含量已估计出，那么该岩样的描述顺序则为：1, ROCK TYPE 岩性，岩石类别2, COLOR 颜色3, HARDNESS 硬度（硬化作用）The common adjectives describing induration are:硬化作用一般的形容描述内容是：dense hard medium-hard soft spongy密集的，硬的，中等坚硬，软的，多孔的friable compact brittle slatey松散的致密的脆的板状的4, GRAIN SIZE 颗粒大小see to figure 2,1.5 （见图表2，1，5）5, GRAIN SHAPE 颗粒形状The only five general classes are considered and defined as following:唯一可考虑的五种一般类别为：sharp angular subangular rounded wellrounded尖棱状棱角状次棱角状磨圆状好的磨圆状6, SORTING 分选作用7, LUSTER 光泽The common used terms of the luster are: 关于光泽一般常使用的词组有：coated pitted frosted deeply etched frosty silky覆盖物坑状物霜状表面深度侵蚀霜状的丝绢光泽oily vitreous glassy shiny translucent earthy油脂光泽透明的玻璃的发亮的半透明的泥土状waxy sooty velety soapy resinous蜡状的乌黑色天鹅绒状肥皂状树脂状8, CEMENTATION 胶结，胶结物calcite dolomite sulfates iron oxides silica pyrite clays silts方解石白云石硫酸盐氧化铁硅质黄铁矿粘土粉砂siderite菱铁矿9, STRUCTURE 构造The structure of sandstone refers to: 砂岩的构造一般是指：laminations fractures fractures patterns banding nodular纹理裂缝裂缝形式条纹结核状The common structures of shales and siltstone are: 页岩和粉砂岩的构造是指：massive lumpy platy laminated foliated fissile块状团块状纹层状薄片状裂片状splintery flakey10, ACCESSORIES 次生矿物The common but minor constituents of sandstones are:常见的砂岩微量次生矿物有：biotite muscovite glauconite pyrite barite siderite chert黑云母白云母海绿石黄铁矿重晶石菱铁矿黑隧石coals solid hydrocarbons fossils煤固态烃化石11, INCLUSIONS 夹杂物gypsum anhydrite chert iron oxides noduies pellets of barite石膏无水石膏黑隧石氧化铁结核体重晶石球pyrite mud oolites coal concretionary materials黄铁矿泥浆鲕状岩煤固结材料Carbonate碳酸盐岩After the lithology of the samples have been selected , the description of the carbonate can be do in the following order:岩样岩性选择好后，碳酸盐岩的描述可依以下顺序进行：1, COLOR 颜色The normal colors of limestones and dolomites are: gray, white, buff, brown石灰岩和白云岩的正常颜色是：灰色，白色，浅黄色，棕色2, GRAIN SIZE 颗粒大小3, CHARACTOR OF GRAINS 颗粒特征Fragments can be described in the same as sand grains:碎屑可和砂岩一样进行描述sharp angular subangular rounded globular spheroidal尖棱角棱角状次棱角状圆状球形扁球形Oolites may be classed as: spheroidal, spherical, elliptical, irregular, flattened鲕粒可分类为：扁球形，球形，椭圆状，不规则状，拉平状4, TEXTURE 结构see to the figure 2.3.4 （参见表2。
英汉沉积学常用词汇
Common V ocabulary of Sedimentology沉积学常用词汇Aabandoned channel 废弃河道abandoned delta 废弃的三角洲ablation breccia 消融角砾岩abrasion terrace 海蚀阶地absolute age 绝对年龄absorpting 吸附性absorption 吸收性abundance of trace element 微量元素丰度abyss(deep sea) 深海abyssal basin 深海盆地abyssal deposit 深海沉积abyssal facies 深海相abyssal ooze 深海软泥abyssal plain 深海平原abyssal subcompensational basin 深海欠补偿盆地accretion ripple 加积波痕accretion topography 加积地形accretional plain 加积平原accumulation terrace 堆积阶地ACD(aragonite compensation depth) 文石补偿深度acicular texture 针状结构acid sialic stage 酸性硅铝阶段active continental margin 活动大陆边缘active crust 活动地壳adhesion ripple 粘附波痕adhesion wart 粘附瘤痕advanced dune 前进沙丘aeolian dune facies 风成沙丘相aeolian ripple marks 风成波痕aeolian rock 风成岩agglomerate 集块岩agglomeratic texture 集块结构agglutinated grain texture 胶粒结构aggradation 加积作用air-heave structure 气胀结构aleuropelitic texture 粉沙泥质结构algal mat 藻席algal mound 藻丘algal ooid 藻鲕algal peloid 藻球粒algal reef 藻礁algal reef limestone 藻礁灰岩alkali lake 碱湖alkali-feldspar 碱性长石allitized stage 铝铁土阶段allochem 异化颗粒allochemical limestone 异化颗粒灰岩allochemical phosphorite 异化磷块岩allochthonous limestone 异地灰岩allochthonous phosphorite 异地磷块岩alluvial apron 冲积裙alluvial facies 冲积相alluvial fan 冲积扇alluvial plain 冲积平原alluvial terrace 冲积阶地altered tuff 蚀变凝灰岩ammonoid 菊石类amorphous texture 胶状结构amphibian 两栖动物amygdaloidal structure 杏仁结构anadiagenesis 后生成岩作用analcimolith 方沸石岩analysis of rocks and minerals 岩矿分析angiosperm 被子植物angular 棱角状angular gravel 角砾angular unconformity 角度不整合anhydrite 硬石膏Banhydrock 硬石膏岩anisotropic fabric 异向组构antecedent river 先成河Anthichnium花趾迹antidune cross bedding 逆行沙丘交错层理apatite 磷灰石aphanitic texture 隐晶结构apparent age 表观年龄apposition fabric 同沉积组构aquatolysis 陆解作用aragonite 文石archaeocyathid 古杯类Archaeopteryx始祖鸟Archean Era 太古代Arenicolites沙蚤迹arenite 砂屑岩，净砂岩argillite 泥板岩arid climate 干旱气候arkose 长石砂岩arsenopyrite 毒砂Arthropoda 节肢动物ascending springy 上升泉ash content 灰分ash fragment 灰屑asphalt 地沥青asphalt mound 沥青丘asphaltenes 沥青质assimilation 同化作用asymmetrical ripple 不对称波痕atoll 环礁atmosphere 大气圈aulacogen 拗拉谷authigenic mineral 自生矿物autunite 钙铀云母auxiliary mineral 次要矿物axis 地轴B-C sequence B—C层序back reef facies 礁后相back arc basin 弧后盆地backshore zone 后滨带backshore facies 后滨相back swamp 河漫沼泽back swamp facies 河漫沼泽相backward erosion 向源侵蚀backwash 回流bacteria 细菌bafflestone 障积岩baffling texture 障积结构bahamite 巴哈马石ball and pillow structure 砂球枕构造banded bedding 带状层理banded limestone facies 缎带灰岩相bank reef 堤礁bank seismic facies 滩地震相barchan 新月型沙丘barite 重晶石barrier beach 障壁滩barrier bar 障壁沙坝barrier island 障壁岛barrier island system 障壁岛体系barrier reef 障壁礁，堡礁basal arkose 基底长石砂岩basal cementation 基底式胶结basal conglomerate 底砾岩basalt 玄武岩baselap 底超basement 基底basic rock 基性岩basinal lake 无口湖batholith 岩基bathymetric map 等深线图bauxitic rock 铝土岩bauxitic rocks 铝土岩类bioclast 生物碎屑bayment 海湾bayment sediment 海湾沉积beach 海滩beach conglomerate 滨岸砾岩beach cusp 滩角beach environment and facies 海滩环境和相beach face 滩面beach facies 海滩相beach profile 海滩剖面beach ridge 滩脊beach ridge facies 海滩砂脊相beach rock 海滩岩beach system 海滩体系Beaconites灯塔迹bed 层bed load 床沙载荷bed migration 床沙迁移bed thickness 层厚bedding 层理bedding plane structures 层面构造bedding structures 层理构造bedform 床沙形态benthos 底栖动物beryl 绿柱石biaxial crystal 三轴晶bimodal cross bedding 双向交错层理bimodal current 双向流bimodal distribution 双峰分布binding texture 粘结结构bio-absorption 生物吸附bio-assimilation 生物吸收bio-diagenesis 生物成岩bio-mineralization 生物成矿biochemical deposition 生物化学沉积biochemical transportation 生物化学搬运biochemical weathering 生物化学风化biochron 生物时bioclastic limestone 生物碎屑灰岩bioclastic sparite 亮晶生物碎屑灰岩bioclastic micrite 生物碎屑微晶灰岩biodeposition 生物沉积biofacies 生态相biofacies-paleogeographic map 生物相古地理图biofixation 生物固定bioframework pore 生物骨架孔biogenic lamination structure 生物层理构造biogeochemistry(organic geochemistry) 有机地球化学bioherm 生物层biohermal facies 生物层相biohermal activity 生物活动biohermal community 生物群落biohermal marker 生物标志化合物biohermal trail 生物遗迹biohermal weathering 生物风化biomechanical deposition 生物机械沉积biomechanical transportation 生物机械搬运biophosphorite 生物磷块岩biophysical weathering 生物物理风化biosphere 生物圈biostratigraphic unit 生物地层单位biostratigraphy 生物地层学biosurface 生物面biota 生物群biotite 黑云母bioturbation facies 生物扰动相bioturbation structure 生物扰动构造biozone 生物带bird fecal phosphorite 鸟粪石磷块岩bird-foot delta 鸟足状三角洲birdeye pore 鸟眼孔birdeye structure 鸟眼构造bitter lake 盐湖bitumen 沥青bivalve 双壳类black shale 黑色页岩bladed 叶片状blister mat 泡状藻席blue-green algae(cyanophyte) 蓝绿藻body fossils 实体化石boehmite 一水软铝石boehmitic rock 一水铝土岩boghead coal 藻煤boracite 方硼石borax 硼砂boring 生物钻孔bottom cast 底模bottom current 底流bottom current facies 底流相bottom mark 底痕bottom moraine facies 底积相bottom reef facies 礁底相bottom set 底积层boulder 漂砾boulder conglomerate 漂砾砾岩Bouma sequence 鲍马层序boundstone 粘结岩brachiopod 腕足动物brackish-water lake 半咸水湖braid index 游荡性指数braided river 辫状河breaker zone 碎浪带breccia 角砾岩broken stage 破碎阶段brown algae 褐藻bruise 撞痕brush cast 刷模bryophyte 苔藓植物bryozoan 苔藓虫类bubble impression 泡沫痕buildup 岩隆bulkrock analysis 全岩分析burrow 潜穴CC14 age method C14法caking property 粘结性calcarenite 砂屑灰岩calcarenitic texture 砂屑结构calcareous cement 钙质胶结物calcareous concretion 钙质结核calcareous quartzarenite 钙质石英岩calcareous shale 钙质页岩calcarenaceous turbidite facies 钙屑浊积岩相calcilutite 泥屑灰岩calcilutic texture 泥屑结构calcirudite 砾屑灰岩calcirutidic texture 砾屑结构calcisiltic texture 粉屑结构calcisiltite 粉屑灰岩calcite 方解石Caledonian movement 加里东运动caliche 钙结岩Cambrian Period 寒武纪cap reef facies 礁盖相capillary action dolomitization 毛细管浓缩白云化作用caprock 盖层captured river 袭夺河carbonhydrate 碳水化合物carbon isotope 碳同位素carbonaceous shale 炭质页岩carbonate flysch suite 碳酸盐岩复理石建造carbonate grain 碳酸盐颗粒carbonate minerals 碳酸盐矿物carbonate platform 碳酸盐台地carbonate rocks 碳酸盐岩类carbonatite 碳酸岩Carboniferous Period 石炭纪carnallite 光卤石cast solution pore 铸模孔cataclasite 碎裂岩catagenesis 后生作用catagenetic concretion 后生结核catagenetic conglomerate 后生砾岩catagenetic dolostone 后生白云岩catagenetic mineral 后生矿物catastrophism 灾变论cathodoluminescence analysis 阴极发光分析cave deposit 洞穴沉积cave-collapse breccia 洞穴塌陷角砾岩CCD(calcite compensation depth) 方解石补偿深度CDT scale CDT标准Ce anomaly 铈异常celestine 天青石cement 胶结物cement textures 胶结物结构cementation 胶结作用cementing zone 胶结带Cenozoic Era 新生代center of subsidence 沉降中心cephalopoda 头足类chalcedony 玉髓chalk 白垩chalk carbonate suite 白垩碳酸岩建造chamosite 鲕绿泥石channel-fill facies 河道充填相channel bar 心滩chaotic carbonate facies 异地碳酸盐相chaotic sediment 混杂沉积物charophyte 轮藻chemical analysis 化学分析chemical composition analysis 化学成分分析chemical sedimentary deposit 化学沉积矿床chemical sedimentary differentiation 化学沉chemical structures 化学成因构造chemical weathering 化学风化chenier facies 千尼尔相chert 燧石岩chevron mark 锯齿痕chicken wire structure 鸡笼铁丝网构造Chirotherium掌趾迹chlorite 绿泥石Chondrichthyes 软骨鱼类Chondrites均分潜迹chronostratigraphic unit 年代地层单位chronostratigraphy 年代地层学chute 串沟chute cut-off 串沟截直cirque 冰斗classic tectonics 经典大地构造学clast 碎屑clastic material 碎屑物质clastic composition analysis 碎屑成分分析clastic mineral 碎屑矿物clastic model 碎屑模型clastic texture 碎屑结构clay 粘土clay mineral 粘土矿物claystone 粘土岩climate 气候climatic arkose 气候长石砂岩climbing ripple 爬生波痕climbing ripple cross lamination 爬升沙纹层理clot 凝块石cluster analysis 聚类分析CM plot C-M图coal 煤coal geology 煤田地质学coal-accumulating process 聚煤作用coal-forming process 成煤作用积分异coalification 煤化作用coaly monoterrigenous suite 单陆屑含煤建造coarse conglomerate 粗砾岩coarse sand 粗砂coarse silt 粗粉砂coarse siltstone 粗粉砂岩coast 海岸coast line 岸线coastal bay system 湾岸体系coastal lake area 滨湖区coastal lake facies 滨湖相coastal plain 海岸平原coastal reef 岸礁coastal topography 海岸地形coated grain 包粒coated grain phosphorite 包粒磷块岩cobble 粗砾coccolith 颗石藻cock’s comb structure 鸡冠状构造coefficient of the distribution 分配系数Coelenterata 腔肠动物coking coal 焦煤coking property 结焦性cold climate 寒冷气候cold water carbonate 冷水碳酸盐collapse breccia 滑塌角砾央colloform mat 胶状藻席colloid solution 胶体溶液collophane 胶磷矿compaction 压实作用complex delta 复合三角洲compositional maturity 成分成熟度compound ooid 复鲕compound ripple 复合波痕compound structures 复合成因构造comprehensive terms 综合术语concave flood plain 河漫滩condensed section 凝缩层cone-in-cone structure 叠锥构造conformity 整合conglomerate 砾岩conglomerates 砾岩类connecting texture 连生构造conodont 牙形石类consequent river 顺向河consolidation 固结作用constructive delta 建设性三角洲contact cementation 接触式胶结contact metamorphism 接触变质contemporaneous concretion 同生结核contemporaneous conglomerate 同生砾岩continental crust 陆壳continental drift hypothesis 大陆漂移说continental glacier 大陆冰川continental growth 大陆增生continental rift 大陆裂谷continental rise 陆隆continental slope 陆坡contour current 等深流contourite 等深积岩（等深岩）contourite drift等深岩丘contourite facies 等深积岩相convergent margin 会聚边缘convolute bedding 包卷层理coppery carbonate rock 含铜碳酸盐岩coppery conglomerate 含铜砾岩coppery rock 铜质岩coppery rocks 铜质岩类coppery sandstone 含铜砂岩coppery shale 含铜页岩coquina 介壳灰岩coral 珊瑚coral reef 珊瑚礁concavo-convex contact 凹凸接触concretion 结核coral reef limestone 珊瑚礁灰岩coral reef facies 礁核相correlative analysis 相关分析coset 层系组Cosmorhaphe丽线迹country rock 围岩cover 盖层crack 裂隙crater lake 火口湖cratonic basin 克拉通盆地crawling trail 爬行迹CRER(Cretaceous Events and Rhythms) 白垩纪事件与韵律Cretaceous Period 白垩纪crevasse splay 决口扇crevasse-splay facies 决口扇相Crinoid 海百合类cristobalite 方英石cross bedding 交错层理cross bedding orientation 交错层理定向crude oil 原油Cruziana克鲁兹迹Cruziana assemblage 克鲁兹迹组合cryptograin texture 隐粒结构Cryptozoic Eon 隐生宙crystal cast 晶体印模crystal fragment 晶屑crystal grain texture 晶粒结构crystal optics 晶体光学crystal tuff 晶屑凝灰岩crystallized ooid 变晶鲕crystalline dolostone 结晶白云岩crystalline granular texture 晶粒结构crystallization differentiation 结晶分异作用crystallo petrology 结晶岩石学crystalloblastic texture 变晶结构cumulative frequency curve 频率累积曲线current ripple cross lamination 流水沙纹层理current rose 流水玫瑰花图curty bedding 卷曲层理curved ripple 扭曲波痕cuspate delta 鸟嘴状三角洲cut-off 裁弯取直cutoff basin 封闭盆地cycle sequence 旋回层序cyclostratigraphy 旋回地层学Cylindrichnus柱管迹Cylindricum柱形迹Ddammed lake 堰塞湖damp climate 潮湿气候debris flow 泥石流debris flow facies 泥石流相decomposition 分解作用dedolomitization 去白云化作用deep lake area 深湖区deep lake facies 深湖相deep water lagoon 深水泻湖deep-water basin 深水盆地deep-water environment 深水环境deep-water shelf 深水陆棚deep-water system 深水沉积体系deformation 变形deformation fabric 形变结构degradation 降解作用degypsification 去膏化作用dehydration 脱水作用delta 三角洲delta environment and facies 三角洲环境和相delta front 三角洲前缘delta lobate 三角洲叶状体cumulative probability curve 概率累积曲线current mark 流痕current ripple 流水流痕delta plain 三角洲平原delta plain facies 三角洲平原相delta system 三角洲体系deluvial facies 坡积相deluvial zone 坡积带density current 密度流denudation 剥蚀作用depocenter 沉积中心depositional bauxitic rock 沉积型铝土岩depositional cycle 沉积旋回depositional plain 沉积平原depositional system 沉积体系depositional system analysis 沉积体系分析desert 沙漠desert environment and facies 沙漠环境和相desert facies 沙漠相desert lake 沙漠湖泊desert lake facies 沙漠湖泊相desert system 沙漠体系desert varnish 沙漠漆destructive delta 破坏性三角洲determination of rocks and minerals 岩矿鉴定deviation ooid 偏心鲕development in sedimentology 沉积学进展Devonian Period 泥盆纪diagenesis 成岩作用diagenetic concretion 成岩结核diagenetic conglomerate 成岩砾岩diagenetic crack 成岩裂隙diagenetic dolostone 成岩白云岩diagenetic environment 成岩环境diagenetic mineral 成岩矿物diagenetic trap 成岩圈闭diagonal bar 斜列沙坝diagonal bedding 斜层理diamictite 混积岩diapiric structure 底辟构造diatom 硅藻diatom ooze 硅藻软泥diatomite 硅藻岩diatreme breccia 爆发角砾岩dickite 地开石Dictyodora网锥迹differential thermal analysis 差热分析differential weathering 差异风化Dikaka双叉迹dike 岩脉Dinosaur 恐龙dip 倾向Diplichnites双趾迹Diplocraterion双环迹direct runoff 地表径流dirty sandstone 脏砂岩discriminant analysis 判别分析dish structure 盘状构造disorganized 乱杂型disorganized bedding 紊乱层理dispersal system 分散系dissected basin 切割盆地dissolution 溶解dissolved load 溶解载荷dissolved material 溶解物质dissolving zone 溶解带distal bar 远砂坝distal bar facies 远砂坝相distal facies 远源相distal fan 外扇distal onlap 远端上超distal turbidite 远源浊积岩distorted ooid 变形鲕distributary 分流diara 沙洲diaspore 一水硬铝石diastem 沉积停顿diatactive varve 粒度递变纹泥distributary backswamp facies 分流河道河漫沼泽相distributary channel 分流河道distributary channel facies 分流河道相distributary levee facies 分流河道堤岸相distributary mouth bar 河口砂坝distributary mouth bar facies 河口砂坝相distribution of REE 稀土元素分配distribution of trace element 微量元素分配distrophic lake 缺养湖disturbed bedding 扰动层理dolarenite 砂屑白云岩doll concretion 钙结核dololaminite 纹层状白云岩dololutite 泥屑白云岩dolomicrite 微晶白云岩dolomite 白云石dolomitic limestone 云灰岩dolomitic phosphorite 白云质磷块岩dolomitization 白云石化作用dolomitized limestone 白云化灰岩dolorudite 砾屑白云岩dolosiltite 粉屑白云岩dolostone 白云岩dolostone evaporite suite 白云岩型蒸发岩建造dolostones 白云岩类domelike stromatolite 穹状叠层石dorag dolomitization 混合白云化作用double mud drapes 双粘土层downcutting 下切作用downlap 下超downslope ripple 下移波痕draa 臂状沙丘drainage basin 流域drainage system 水系drift dam 冰碛坝dune facies 沙丘相dwelling trail 居住迹Eearly diagenesis 早期成岩作用earth 地球ea rth’s core地核e arth’s crust地壳e arth’s mantle地幔Echinoderm 棘皮动物Echinoid 海胆类ecology 生态学economic geology 经济地质学edgewise structure 竹叶状构造effusive rock 喷出岩Eh value Eh值electronic probe analysis 电子探针分析elevated crust 抬生地壳eluvial breccia 残积角砾岩eluvial facies 残积相eluvial zone 残积带embayment 海湾enclosed sea 封闭海end moraine facies 终冰碛相end peneplain 终期准平原endobiont 内栖动物endogenetic sediments 内成沉积物endogenic deposit 内生矿床endorheic basin 内流盆地Eocene Epoch 始新世eolian basin 风蚀盆地eolian cross bedding 风成交错层理eolian dune 风成沙丘drift plain 冰碛平原drowned platform 沉没台地drowned valley 溺谷drusy texture 丛生结构dune 沙丘eolianite 风成岩eonothem 宇epeiric sea 陆表海epibionts 底表生物epidiagenesis 表生成岩作用epidiagenetic environment 表生成岩环境epigenesis 表生作用epigenetic concretion 表生结核epigenetic deposit 后生矿床epiglyph 顶面痕epimatrix 外杂基epoch of mineralization 成矿期epsilon cross bedding ε交错层理epsomite 泻利盐equant 等轴状erathem 界erosion 侵蚀作用erosional basis 侵蚀基准面erosional plain 侵蚀平原erosional terrace 侵蚀阶地erosional topography 侵蚀地形escape structure 逃逸构造esker 蛇形丘essential mineral 主要矿物estuarine facies 河口湾相estuary 河口湾ething mark 刻蚀痕eugeosyncline 优地槽euryhaline environment 广盐度环境euryhaline lagoon 广盐泻湖euryhaline organism 广盐性生物eurythermal organism 广温性生物eutrophic lake 兹养湖evaporation 蒸发作用evaporite 蒸发岩evaporite platform 蒸发盐台地evaporite-solution breccia 盐溶角砾岩experimental sedimentology 实验沉积学explanation for orientation 定向解释Ffabric 组构fabric of carbonate rock 碳酸盐岩组构fabric of claystone 粘土岩组构facies 相facies arrangement 相排列facies association 相组合facies belt 相带facies change 相变facies fossil 指相化石facies group 相组facies map 相图facies mineral 指相矿物facies model 相模式facies province 相区facies sequence 相序列fan-shaped delta 扇形三角洲faro 小环礁fault 断层fault basin 断陷盆地fauna 动物群fecal peloid 粪球粒feeding trail 进食迹feldspar 长石feldsparthic litharenite 长石岩屑砂岩feldsparthic quartzarenite 长石石英砂岩felty structure 毡状构造fenestral structure 窗孔构造ferroalumino suite 铝土铁质建造evaporites 蒸发岩类evaporitive pumping dolomitization 蒸发泵白云化作用excrement 排泄物exinite 壳质组exogenetic sediments 表成沉积物ferrodolomite 铁白云石ferromanganese concretion 铁锰结核ferruginous cement 铁质胶结物ferruginous quartzarenite 铁质石英砂岩ferruginous rocks 铁质岩类ferruginous rock 铁质岩ferruginous shale 铁质页岩fibrous texture 纤状构造filled valley 冲淤谷filled-lake plain 淤积湖平原film mat 薄膜状藻席film texture 薄膜结构fine conglomerate 细砾岩fine sand 细砂fine silt 细粉砂fine siltstone 细粉砂岩finger bar 指状砂坝firth 三角港fixed dune 固定沙丘flame structure 火焰构造flaser bedding 脉状层理flat bedding 平坦层理flat mat 平坦藻席flocculation 聚沉作用，絮凝作用flocculation by condensation 浓缩聚沉flocculation by electrolyte 电解质聚沉flood 洪水flooded lake 河漫湖flooded lake facies 河漫湖泊相floodplain 洪积平原floodplain facies 洪积平原相flora 植物群flow system 流动系fluid 流体fluid dynamics 流体动力学fluidized sediment flow 液化沉积物流flume experiment 水槽实验fluival-dominated delta 河控三角洲fluxoturbidite 滑塌浊积岩flysch 复理石flysch facies 复理石相flyschoid 类复理石flysch suite 复理石建造foliaton 叶理footprint 足印foraminifera reef limestone 有孔虫礁灰岩Foraminiferan 有孔虫类fore reef facies 礁前相forearc basin 弧前盆地foredeep basin 前渊盆地foreland basin 前陆盆地foreset 前积层foreshore facies 前滨相foreslope facies 前缘斜坡相forslope of platform 台地前缘斜坡formation 组fossil 化石fossil microtextures 生物显微结构fossil orientation 化石定向framework grain 骨粒francolite 碳氟磷灰石freeze thaw weathering 冻融风化frequency curve 频率曲线fresh water dolomitization 淡水白云石化作用fresh water dolostone 淡水白云岩fresh-water lake 淡水湖freshened lagoon 淡化泻湖freshening environment 淡化环境fluorescence analysis 荧光分析fluorite 萤石fluroapatite 氟磷灰石flute cast 槽模flute cast orientation 槽模定向fluival environment and facies 河流环境和相fluival system 冲积体系front moraine facies 前积相front sand sheet facies 前缘席状砂相frost weathering 寒冻风化frost 霜面Froude’s Number福劳德数fusulinid蜓类fungi 真菌Gganister 致密硅岩Gastropod 腹足类gelatinous mat 凝胶状藻席gelatinous phosphorite 胶状磷块岩geochemical methods 地球化学方法geochronologic scale 地质年代表geological record 地质记录geomorphologic unit 地貌单元geomorphology 地貌学geopetal structure 示底构造geophysical methods 地球物理方法geosuture 地缝合线geosyncline 地槽giant ripple 巨波痕gibbsite 三水铝石gibbsitic rock 三水铝土岩Gilbert type delta 吉尔伯特型三角洲glacial climate 冰川气候glacial environment and facies 冰川环境和相glacial erratics 冰川漂砾glacial morphology 冰川地貌glacial system 冰川体系glacial tongue 冰舌glacial valley 冰蚀谷glacier 冰川glaciodelta 冰成三角洲glaciodelta facies 冰成三角洲相glaciofluvial environment 冰川冲积环境global climate change 全球气候变迁global rhythm and event 全球韵律和事件global sea level fluctuation 全球海平面升降global sedimentary geology program 全球沉积地质计划global sedimentology 全球沉积学global volcanism 全球火山作用globigerina ooze 抱球虫软泥gneiss 片麻岩gobi 戈壁gobi facies 戈壁相Gondwana 冈瓦纳古陆Gondwana land bridge 冈瓦纳陆桥grade scale 粒级标准graded bedding 粒序层理grain dolostone 颗粒白云岩grain flow 颗粒流grain index 颗粒指数grain limestone 颗粒灰岩grain orientation 颗粒定向grain phosphorite 粒屑磷块岩grain size 粒度grain size analysis 粒度分析grain size distribution 粒度分布grain size parameter 粒度参数grain supported 颗粒支撑grainstone 颗粒岩granite 花岗岩granular texture 粒状结构granule 细砾glaciofluvial facies 冰水冲积相glaciofluvial terrace 冰水阶地glaciolacustrine environment 冰川湖泊环境glaciolacutrine facies 冰川湖泊相glaciomarine environment 冰海环境glaciomarine facies 冰海相glauconite 海绿石glauconitic quartzarenite 海绿石石英砂岩grapestone 葡萄石graptolite 笔石类gravel 砾gravel fabric 砾石组构gravity cementation 重力胶结gravity flow 重力流greywacke 灰瓦克岩，硬砂岩，杂砂岩grazing trail 觅食迹green algae(chorophyte) 绿藻grey biterrigenous suite 灰色复陆屑建造graywacke (greywacke) 硬砂岩greywacke suite 杂砂岩建造groove cast 沟模group 群growth fabric 生长组构guide fossil 标志化石guyot 海底平顶山Gymnosperm 裸子植物gypsolith 石膏岩gypsum 石膏gypsum evaporite suite 膏盐型蒸发岩建造Hhail print 雹痕halides 卤化物halite 石盐halloysite 埃洛石halmyrolysis 海解作用hardground structure 硬底构造heating stage 显微镜热台heavy mineral 重矿物heavy mineral analysis 重矿物分析Helminthoida蠕形迹Helminthopsis拟蠕形迹helocline 盐度跃层hematite 赤铁矿hematitic rock 赤铁岩high water level 高潮面high-angle cross bedding 高角度交错层理high-density current 高密度流high-energy ooid 高能鲕high-magnesian calcite 高镁方解石high-rank sandstone 高级杂砂岩high-sinuosity river 高弯度河highmoor peat 高沼泥炭highstand system tract 高水位体系域hill 丘陵histogram 直方图history of sedimentology 沉积学史Holocene Epoch 全新世homopycnal flow 等密度流honey comb structure 蜂窝状构造horizontal bedding 水平层理host rock 主岩hot sping 热泉hot water dolomitization 热水白云石化作用hot water sedimentary rock 热水沉积岩hot water sedimentation 热水沉积作用HREE 重稀土元素humic acid 腐殖酸humic substance 腐殖质humic-type kerogen 腐殖型干酪根huminite 腐殖组hummocky cross bedding 丘状交错层理hybrid sediments 混合沉积物hydrated zone 水合带hemipelagic carbonate facies 半远洋碳酸盐相hemipelagic environment 半远洋环境hemipelagic facies model 半远洋相模式hermatypic coral 造礁珊瑚herringbone cross bedding 羽状交错层理heulanditic rock 片沸石岩hiatus 沉积间断high moor 高位沼泽hydration 水合作用hydrocarbon 烃hydrogen isotope 氢同位素hydrolysis 水解作用hydrolysis zone 水解带hydrosphere 水圈hydrothermal deposit 热液矿床hydrothermally cemented rock 热泉胶结岩Hyolithid 软舌螺类hypabyssal rock 浅成岩hypergenic mineral 表生矿物Iice crystal cast 冰晶模ice sheet 冰盖ichnology 遗迹学ideal section 理想剖面igneous petrology 火成岩石学igneous rock 火成岩illite 伊利石imbricated structure 叠瓦构造illite claystone 伊利石粘土岩immersion method 油浸法immersion oil 浸油indentation 凹坑index fossil 标准化石index of meandering 曲流指数index of sinuosity 弯度指数indication of oil and gas 油气显示Indo-China movement 印支运动inertinite 惰性组infrared absorption spectrum analysis 红外光谱分析injective structure 注入构造inland basin 内陆盆地inland drainage 内陆水系inland sabkha 内陆萨勃哈interference colour 干涉色interference ripple 干涉波痕interference figure 干涉图interformational conglomerate 层间砾岩intergranular pore 粒间孔intergranular solution pore 粒间溶孔interlayered bedding 互层层理intermittent suspended load 间歇悬浮载荷intermontane basin 山间盆地internal tide 内潮汐internal-tide deposits 内潮汐沉积internal wave 内波internal-wave deposits 内波沉积International Association of Sedimentologists (IAS) 国际沉积学家协会International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS) 国际地科联interstitial water 孔隙水interstitial material 填隙物interstitial zone 潮间带intra-arc basin 弧内盆地intrabasinal environment and facies 内源沉积环境和相intrabasinal lake 盆内湖intrabasinal rock 盆内岩intrabasinal sediment 内源沉积物intraclast 内碎屑intraclastic limestone 内碎屑灰岩inland sabkha facies 内陆萨勃哈相inner bar 内沙坝inner bar facies 内沙坝相inner shelf 内陆棚inner shelf facies 内陆棚相inter-reef facies 礁间相interarc basin 弧间盆地intercalated beds 隔层intercontinental rift 陆间裂谷interdistributary bay 分流间湾intraclastic phosphorite 内碎屑磷灰岩intracratonic basin 克拉通内盆地intraformational breccia 层内角砾岩intragranular pore 粒内孔intragranular solution pore 粒内溶孔intramicrite 内碎屑微晶灰岩intramontane basin 山间盆地intrasparite 内碎屑亮晶灰岩iinverse graded bedding 逆粒序层理ion absorption 离子吸附作用ion exchange 离子交换作用isolated platform 孤立台地isolated ripple 孤立波痕isolithic map 等岩性图isopach cementation 等厚环边胶结isopachous map 等厚线图Isopodichnus等趾迹isotope abundance 同位素丰度isotope composition 同位素组成isotope dating 同位素定年isotope fractionation 同位素分馏isotope fractionation factor 同位素分馏系数isotope ratio 同位素比值isotope standard 同位素标准isotopic age 同位素年龄isotopic geochemistry 同位素地球化学isotropic fabric 等向组构Jjasper rock 碧玉岩jasper suite 碧石建造Jurassic Period 侏罗纪Kkame 冰碛kaolinic claystone 高岭石粘土岩kaolinite 高岭石lacustrine system 湖泊体系lag facies 滞留相lagoon 泻湖lagoon facies 泻湖相lake delta 湖泊三角洲lake delta facies 湖泊三角洲相lamellar fibrous texture 层纤结构lamina 细层laminar flow 层流laminated texture 片状结构landslide 滑坡late diagenesis 晚期成岩作用lateral accretion 侧向加积lateral erosion 侧向侵蚀lateral facies change 侧向相变laterite 红土lateritic bauxitic rock 红土型铝土岩laterized stage 红土阶段lattice structure 晶格状构造lava fragment 浆屑layered moraine 层状冰积物leaching zone 淋滤带legend 图例lenticular bedding 透镜状层理lenticulite 扁豆状熔灰岩levee facies 堤岸相Liesegang banding 李泽冈环karst breccia 岩溶角砾岩karst lake 岩溶湖karst morphology 岩溶地貌kerogen 干酪根kidney-like hematitic rock 肾状赤铁岩kidney-shaped texture 肾状结构knob and tail mark 丘尾痕kurtosis 尖度Llacustrine 湖泊的，湖成的lime clast 灰屑lime dolostone 灰云岩lime mud 灰泥lime mudstone 灰泥岩lime-mud matrix 灰泥基质lime-mud mound 灰泥丘limestone 石灰岩limestones 灰岩类limnic basin 陆相含煤盆地limnogenic rock 淡水沉积岩limonite 褐铁矿limonite rock 褐铁岩linear contact 线接触linear sand bar 线形砂坝lineation 线理link single crystal texture 连生单晶结构litharenite 岩屑砂岩lithic arkose 岩屑长石砂岩lithic fragment 岩石碎屑lithic graywacke 岩屑杂砂岩lithic quartzarenite 岩屑石英砂岩lithic tuff 岩屑凝灰岩lithofacies 岩相lithofacies map 岩相图lithofication 石化作用lithoherm 岩礁lithologic column 岩性柱状图lithologic section 岩性剖面lithosphere 岩石圈lithostratigraphic unit 岩性地层单位lithostratigraphy 岩石地层学lithotype 煤岩类型littoral dune 沿岸沙丘littoral zone 滨海带load cast 重荷模lobate bedding 叶状层理loess 黄土low-angle cross bedding 低角度交错层理low-density current 低密度流low-density turbidity current 低密度浊流low-rank sandstone 低级杂砂岩low-sinuosity river 低弯度河lower flow regime 下部流态lowsand system tract 低水位体系域LREE 轻稀土元素lump 团块lump limestone 团块灰岩lump micrite limestone 团块微晶灰岩lump phosphorite 团块磷块岩lump sparite limestone 亮晶团块灰岩Mmacroclastic rock 粗碎屑岩macrofossil 大化石macroid 大包粒magma 岩浆magmatic deposit 岩浆矿床magmatic rock 岩浆岩magmatism 岩浆作用magnesite 菱镁矿magnetic element 地磁要素magnetic pole 地磁极magnetic pole wandering 地磁极游移loess concretion 黄土结核loess facies 黄土相loess field 黄土原logging 测井lognormal distribution 对数正态分布longitudinal bar 纵向砂坝longitudinal section 纵剖面longshore bar 沿岸砂坝longshore current 沿岸流Lophocteniun菊瓣迹low moor 低位沼泽low water level 低潮面magnetic stratigraphy 磁性地层学magnetite 磁铁矿magnetitic rock 磁铁岩main river 干流mammal 哺乳动物manganiferous carbonate rock 锰质碳酸盐岩manganiferous claystone 锰质粘土岩manganiferous concretion 锰结核manganiferous concretional rock 锰质结核岩manganiferous rock 锰质岩manganiferous rocks 锰质岩类manganiferous siliceous rock 锰质硅质岩manganiferous clastic rock 锰质碎屑岩manganite 水锰矿mantle convection 地幔对流marchasite 白铁矿marginal platform 边缘台地marginal sea 陆缘海marine bench 海蚀台marine cliff 海蚀崖marine diagenetic environment 海水成岩环境marine drift 漂流marine environment and facies 海洋环境和相marine facies 海相marine phreatic zone 海水潜流带marine salina 滨海盐沼marine vadose zone 海水渗流带Markov chain analysis 马尔可夫链分析marl 泥灰岩marsh 沼泽marsh environment and facies 沼泽环境和相massive bedding 块状层理massive flow 块体流matrix 杂基matrix supported 杂基支撑maturity analysis 成熟度分析maturity index 成熟度指数mechanical transportation and deposition 机械搬运和沉积medial moraine facies 中碛相median grain size 中值粒度Mediterranean sea 地中海medium conglomerate 中粒砾岩medium of transportation and sedimenation 搬运和沉积介质medium sand 中砂megaripple 大波痕meltout till 融出碛member 段meniscus cementation 新月形胶结Merostomichnites肢口迹Mesozoic Era 中生代metallic mineral 金属矿物metallic ore 金属矿产metallogenetic epoch 成矿时代metallogenic belt 成矿带metallogenic province 成矿区metamorphic age 变质年龄metamorphic belt 变质带metamorphic deposit 变质矿床metamorphic facies 变质相metamorphic grade 变质程度。
汉英沉积学常用词汇
附录汉英沉积学常用词汇（按汉语拼音顺序）A岸礁coastal (shore) reef凹岸outer bank凹陷depression／sag拗拉谷/ 裂陷槽aulacogenB白垩chalk白云母muscovite白云石dolomite白云岩dolostone/ dolomitite/ dolomite白云岩化作用dolomitization斑点构造mottled structure斑礁patch reef斑脱岩bentonite搬运作用transportation板状交错层理tabular cross bedding半深海hemipelagic半深海相bathyal facies包卷层理convolute lamination堡礁(障壁礁) barrier reef抱球虫软泥globigerina ooze鲍马序列Bouma sequence暴露构造exposed structure被动大陆边缘passive continental margin边滩(点沙坝) point bar辫状河河道braided channel辫状河流braided river(stream）辫状河三角洲braid delta标志层key bed标准偏差standard deviation表面结构surface texture表皮鲕superficial oolith表生成岩作用epidiagenesis表生作用epigenesis滨海相littoral facies滨面shoreface滨外offshore滨线shoreline冰雹痕(雹痕)hailstone imprint/hail print冰川glacier冰川相glacial facies冰海沉积物glacier-marine sediment冰海环境glaciomarine environment冰湖moraine lake/ice lake冰碛（沉积）物till冰碛相moraine facies冰碛岩tillite冰水沉积outwash波长wave length波峰wave crest波高wave height波谷wave hollow波痕ripple/ripple mark波痕对称指数ripple symmetrical index(RSI) 波痕指数ripple index(RI)波状层理wave bedding／wavy bedding剥离线理parting lineation不等粒inequigranular不对称波痕asymmetrical ripple不对称浪成波痕asymmetrical wave ripple 不整合unconformityC残积相eluvial facies槽痕flute槽模flute casts槽状交错层理trough cross bedding侧向沉积作用lateral sedimentation测井沉积学well-logging sedimentology测井相electrofacies层bed层理构造bedding structures层流laminar flow层面构造bedding plane structures层系(单层)bed/set层系组(层组)bedset /coset/ formset层序地层学sequence stratigraphy长石feldspar长石砂屑岩arkosic arenite长石砂岩arkose／feldspar sandstone长石杂砂岩feldspathic greywacke长石质岩屑砂岩feldspathic litharenite潮道tidal channel潮间带intertidal zone潮控三角洲tidal-dominate delta潮坪tidal flat潮坪相tidal flat facies潮上带supratidal zone潮上带supratidal zone/epilittoral zone潮汐层理tidal bedding潮汐三角洲tidal delta潮下带subtidal zone沉积地质学sedimentary geology沉积动力学sedimentary dynamics沉积分异作用sedimentary differentiation 沉积构造sedimentary structure沉积后作用postdeposition沉积环境sedimentary environment沉积模式sedimentary model沉积盆地sedimentary basin沉积体系sedimentary system沉积体系域sedimentary system tract沉积物sediment沉积物重力流sediment gravity flow沉积相sedimentary facies沉积旋回sedimentary cycle沉积学sedimentology沉积岩sedimentary rocks沉积岩石学sedimentary petrology沉积作用sedimentation/deposition成分成熟度compositional maturity成岩作用diagenesis赤铁矿hematite冲积平原alluvial plain冲积扇alluvial fan冲积相alluvial facies冲裂(急浪冲刷)avulsion冲流swash冲刷充填构造scour and fill structure冲刷痕scour mark冲刷回流带zone of swash and backwash 冲洗交错层理swash cross bedding冲溢(越)扇washover fan储层reservoir床沙bed床沙形体bed form床沙载荷bed load垂向加积作用vertical accretion戳痕prod mark次级水道secondary channel次生沉积构造secondary sedimentary structure 次生加大(增生)overgrowth次生孔隙secondary porosity粗砾cobbleD大潮spring tide大陆边缘continental margin大陆环境continental environment大陆架(棚) continental shelf大陆裂谷continental rift大陆隆continental rise大陆斜坡(陆坡)continental slope大型交错层理large sale cross bedding大洋盆地ocean basin单层bed单成分砾岩oligomictic conglomerate弹跳痕bounce mark淡水湖泊fresh-water lake岛(弧)—海(沟) 体系arc-trench system岛弧island arc等深积岩contourite等深流contour current低流态lower regime低镁方解石low-magnesian calcite低密度浊流low-density turbidity低弯度河道low-sinuosity channel低位体系域low-stand systems tract堤岸bank堤礁bank reef底负载河道bed load channel底痕sole mark底积层bottomset底流bottom current底面构造sole structure底模sole cast底栖生物benthos地层strata地质记录geological record递变(粒序)层理graded bedding典型浊积岩classic turbidite点礁patch reef点沙坝(边滩) point bar电测井electric log叠层石stromatolite叠层石构造stromatolitic structure叠瓦状构造imbricated structure叠瓦状排列imbricate arrangement叠锥构造cone-in-cone structure碟状构造dish structure顶积层topsets定向（指向）构造direction structure/ oriented structure 豆粒pisolite对称波痕symmetrical ripple多向水流polymodal current对称浪成波痕(对称波浪波痕)symmetrical wave rippleE大潮spri鲕粒ooliteF反向粒序（递变）层理reverse graded bedding泛滥盆地flood basin泛滥平原flood plain方解石calcite非补偿(饥饿) 沉积starved deposition非牛顿流体non-Newtonian fluid分流河道distributary channel分流河口沙坝distributary-mouth bar分流间湾interdistributary分选系数sorting coefficient分选作用sorting粉砂silt粉砂岩siltite，siltstone风暴沉积storm deposit (tempestite)风暴大潮storm surge风暴岩tempestite风成eolian风成波痕wind ripple(aeolian ripple)风成交错层理wind dune cross bedding风成沙丘wind dune(aeolian dune)风成岩eolianite风化作用weathering风生海流wind-drift current风蚀deflation峰度kurtosis缝合线stylolites弗劳德数Froude's Number浮游生物plankton俯冲带subducted zone腐泥sapropel负载(负荷)构造load structure负载囊load pocket复成分砾岩polymictic conglomerate复合层理composite bedding复理石flyschG改造波痕modified ripple钙结层caliche钙质结核calcareous nodules干酪根kerogen干裂(泥裂)mud cracks干涉波痕interfering ripple干盐湖playa高潮线high-tide line高岭石kaolinite高流态upper regime高密度流high-density current高弯度河道high-sinuosity channel高位体系域high-stand systems tract工具痕tool mark沟槽充填交错层理channel-fill cross bedding 沟模groove casts孤立波痕isolated ripple孤立台地isolated platform古地理图paleogeographic map古地理学paleogeography古海洋学paleo-oceanography古流向标志paleocurrent indicator古流向分析paleocurrent analysis古气候paleoclimate古气候学paleoclimatology古生态学paleoecology古生物学paleontology古水流paleocurrent古土壤paleosols骨(格)架岩framestone固着底栖生物sessile benthos光合作用photosynthesis广盐度生物euryhaline organism硅化作用silicification硅土／二氧化硅silica硅藻diatom硅质结核siliceous nodule硅质软泥siliceous ooze硅质碎屑siliciclastic硅质岩siliceous rock过渡环境transitional environmentH海(湖) 泛面flooding surface海(湖) 滩beach海岸coast海岸带coastal zone海岸环境coastal environment海岸平原coastal plain海岸沙丘coastal dune海岸线coast-line海底扇submarine fan海底峡谷submarine canyon海沟trench海进(侵) 体系域transgressive systems tract 海浪seawave海绿石glauconite海平面sea level海平面变化sea-level changes海平面升降eustasy海侵marine(sea) transgression海侵层序transgressive sequence海滩beach／sea bank／marine beach海滩脊ridge of a beach海退marine(sea) regression海相marine facies海相三角洲marine delta海洋ocean海洋环境marine environment海洋学oceanography旱谷arroyo／wadi河床(道) channel／stream channel河床river bed／stream bed河床滞留沉积channel-log deposit／channel floor lag 河道充填沉积channel-fill deposit河谷river valley河控三角洲fluvial-dominated delta河口湾channel-mouth bar/ distributary mouth bar河口湾estuary河口湾相estuarine facies河流river ／stream河流沉积fluvial deposit河流相fluvial facies河漫overbank河漫滩alluvial flat／concave flood plain褐铁矿limonite黑色页岩black shale河漫沼泽backsawmp核形石oncolite黑云母biotite洪积相pluvial facies洪水flood后滨backshore后成(生) 作用katagenesis／anadiage-nesis后生结核catagenetic nodule弧背盆地retro arc basin弧后盆地back arc basin弧间盆地interarc basin弧内盆地intra-arc basin弧前盆地forearc basin湖泊lake湖泊环境lacustrine environment湖泊三角洲lake delta湖泊相lacustrine facies湖面波动seiche湖沼学limnology滑(动) 痕slide mark滑塌构造slump structure滑塌岩slumps化学搬运chemical transport化学沉积chemical deposit化学成因构造chemical structure化学风化chemical weathering缓坡台地ramp platform黄铁矿pyrite黄土loess灰泥(泥晶，微晶) micrite灰泥岩mudstone灰质白云岩calcareous dolostone回流backflow／backwash汇聚型板块边界convergent plate boundary 混杂沉积岩diamicton混杂堆积物melange混载河流mixed-load channel活动大陆边缘active continental margin火山弹bomb火山灰ash火山灰流ash flow火山角砾岩volcanic breccia火山碎屑岩pyroclastic (volcanoclastic) rock 火焰状构造flame structureJ机械搬运mechanical transportation机械沉积mechanical deposition机械风化mechanical weathering鸡笼状构造chicken wire structure吉尔伯特型三角洲Gilbert-type delta急流rapid flow集合粒aggregate集块岩agglomerate季候泥oarve季节河seasonal river加积accretion／aggradation假结核pseudonodule假晶crystal pseudomoph假亮晶pseudospar尖峰度的jeptokurtic剪切shearing简单层理simple bedding建设性三角洲constructive delta交错层理cross bedding／cross stratifica-tion 交错微层构造crossed-lamellar structure交错纹层cross lamina胶结物cement胶结作用cementation胶磷矿collophane胶体溶液colloid solution礁reef礁核reef core礁后back reef礁麓堆积reef talus礁前相forereef facies礁后相backreef facies礁前reef front礁相reef facies礁翼reef flank角度不整合angular unconformity角砾岩breccias结核concretion/ nodule结晶构造crystallization structure结晶碳酸盐岩crystalline carbonate rock介壳滩shelly bank界面bounding surfaces近(临) 滨nearshore近岸流near shore current近滨带nearshore进(前)积作用progradation进潮口tidal inlet进食构造feeding structures晶面crystal face晶体crystal晶体印痕crystal imprint净砂岩arenite静态模式static model居住构造dwelling structure局限台地restricted platform巨砾boulder决口扇flood-plain splay (crevasse／crevasse splay)均匀层理(块状层理)homogeneous bedding (massive bedding) 均匀悬浮uniform suspensionK开阔海open sea开阔台地open platform颗粒grain／particle颗粒流grain flow颗粒岩grainstone颗粒支撑的particle-supported／grain supported颗粒质泥岩wackstone可容空间accommodation space克拉通craton克拉通盆地craton basin孔隙(度) pore／porosity块状层理massive bedding块体流mass flow块状砂岩massive sandstoneL浪成波痕wave ripple／wave-generated ripple浪成交错层理wave cross bedding浪成沙纹层理wave-ripple bedding浪基面(波基面) wave base浪控三角洲wave-controlled delta／wave-dominated delta 雷诺数Reynold's Number离岸(裂) 流rip current砾gravel砾漠reg砾屑灰岩calcirudite砾屑岩rudite砾岩conglomerate粒度grain size粒度参数grain size parameter粒度概率图grain-size probability plot粒度中值mean diameter of grain (Md)粒间孔隙度intergranular porosity粒屑灰岩／颗粒灰岩grainstone粒序(递变)层理graded bedding链形波痕catenary ripple亮晶spar亮晶方解石sparry calcite亮晶灰岩sparite裂隙(缝) fracture流痕rill impression (mark)流体化作用fiuidization裂陷槽/拗拉谷aulacogen临滨shoreface磷灰岩phosphorite磷酸盐岩phosphate rock菱铁矿side rite菱形波痕rhomboid ripple流动构造current structure流动体制／流态flow regimes流痕(槽痕、冲流痕) flute mark硫酸盐sulphate漏斗形funnel shape陆表海epeiric sea／epicontinental sea陆架边缘体系域shelf margin systems tract 陆间裂谷intercontinental rift陆隆(陆基／陆麓) continental rise陆棚continental shelf陆棚相shelf facies陆相continental facies／terrestrial facies 陆缘海marginal sea陆源沉积物terrigenous sediment陆源碎屑岩terrigenous clastic rocks绿泥石chlorite卵石质砂岩pebbly sandstone水流波痕current rippleM脉状层理flaser bedding漫流sheet flow漫滩沉积overbank deposit煤coal煤化作用coalification锰质结核manganese nodule锰质岩manganese rock米兰科维奇韵律Milankovitch rhythms觅食迹browsing trace密度底流density underflow密度流density current磨拉石molasse磨圆度（圆度）roundness母岩source rock／parent rock母岩区provenance／source areaN内陆盆地inland basin内陆棚inner shelf内碎屑intraclast内源沉积interbasinal deposit能量带energy belt泥mud泥板岩argillite泥火山mud volcano ／mud cone泥晶micrite泥晶套micrite envelope泥粒灰岩(泥质颗粒岩) packstone泥裂mud crack泥流mud flow泥炭沼泽peat moor/ peat swamp泥石流debris flow泥石流沉积debris flow deposit泥岩mud stone泥页岩argillutite泥质岩mudrock泥质支撑的mud supported逆行沙波（丘）regressive sand wave／antidune逆行沙丘交错层理antidune cross bedding年代地层单位chronostratigraphic unit鸟眼构造birdeye structure／birds-eyes structure鸟足状三角洲bird-foot delta凝灰岩tuff凝聚颗粒aggregate grains凝块灰岩thrombolite牛顿流体Newtonian fluid牛轭湖oxbow lakeP爬迹crawling trace (tail)爬升波痕层理(攀升波痕层理)climb ripple (cross) lamination／climbing ripple bedding爬行crawling拍岸浪surf泡沫痕bubble impression／foam impression喷出构造ejected structure盆地basin盆内岩石intrabasinal rock盆外岩石extrabasinal rock片流sheetwash／sheet flow偏度skewness(SK)漂砾erratic平顶波痕flat topped ripple mark平均海平面mean sea level(MSL)平底(平坦床沙) plane bed (flat bed)平均粒径mean grain size(MZ)平均值mean平行层理parallel bedding平直河／直形河straight channel坡积带deluvial zone坡积相deluvial facies破坏性三角洲destructive delta破浪breaker破浪带breaker zone葡萄石grapestones葡萄状构造cluster structure蹼状构造spreitenQ气候带climate belts气泡沙构造bubble sand structure迁移型爬升波痕层理climb ripple lamination in-drift 牵引(作用) traction牵引流tractive current前滨foreshore前积层foresets前陆盆地foreland basin前三角洲prodelta潜穴burrow浅海沉积neriticdeposit (shallow marine deposit)浅海陆棚neritic shelf浅海区neritic province浅海相neritic facies ／shallow marine facies浅湖区shallow lake area浅滩shoal丘状交错层理hmmnocky cross bedding球度sphericity球粒pellet球枕状构造ball and pillow structure球状粒peloid曲颈截直neck cutoff曲流meander曲流河(蛇曲河)meandering river曲流河(蛇曲河)沉积meandering river deposit渠模gutter cast全球性海平面变化eustatic change of sea level缺氧事件anoxic event群体（复体）生物colony／organismsR扰动层理disturbed bedding扰动构造disturbed structure溶解载荷solutional load软泥ooze弱光带disphotic zoneS萨勃哈／盐沼sabkha三角洲delta三角洲平原delta plain三角洲前缘delta front三角洲相delta facies沙坝bar沙波sand wave沙火山sand volcano沙火山sand volcano沙流sand flow沙漠desert沙漠相desert facies沙丘sand dune／dune沙体sand body沙纹ripples沙嘴spit砂sand砂流sand flow砂屑detritus砂屑灰岩calcarenite砂岩sandstone砂岩岩床sand sill砂岩岩墙(砂岩岩脉)sand dike砂枕构造pillow structure筛积sieve deposition山麓冲积平原bajada珊瑚coral扇砾岩fan glomerate扇三角洲fan delta舌形波痕lingoid ripple深海abyss／pelagic／deep sea深海（深湖）abyss深海沉积abyssal deposit／deep-sea deposit 深海平原abyssal plain／deep-sea plain深海软泥abyssal ooze／deep-sea ooze深海扇abyssal fan ／deep-sea fan深海相abyssal facies ／deep-sea facies深湖区deep lake area深湖相deep lake facies深水bathymetric深水盆地bathymetric basin渗透率permeability生长构造growth structure生物层biostrome生物成因构造organic structure生物带biozone生物地层学biostratigraphy生物灰岩biolithite生物礁organic reef／reef生物颗粒bioclast生物亮晶灰岩biosparite生物泥晶灰岩biomicrite生物丘organic mound／bioherm生物扰动构造bioturbulation structure生物扰动作用bioturbation生物碎屑bioclastic生物相biofacies生物遗迹organic fieroglyph／biological trail 生物遗迹化石trace fossil石膏gypsum石化作用lithification石灰岩limestone石漠hamada石盐halite石英quartz石英净砂岩quartz arenite石英砂岩quartz sandstone／silicarenita石英杂砂岩quartzwacke始成岩作用eodiagenesis示底构造geopetal structure收缩裂隙shrikage crack刷模brush casts双脊波痕double-crested ripple双向交错层理bimodal cross bedding双向水流bimodal current水道channel水流current／aqueous flow水流波痕current ripple水流波痕层理current-ripple bedding水流痕current mark水流上涌upwelling水流线理current lineation水平层理(水平纹层、水平纹理)horizontal lamination／horizontal bedding 水体分层stratification of the water column水下泥石流subaqueous debis flow碎屑颗粒detrital particle燧石flint／chert燧石结核chert nodule ／flint noduleT他生沉积物allochthonous sediments他形晶anhedral crystal塌积角砾岩collapse breccia台地platform滩bank滩脊beach ridge碳酸盐carbonate碳酸盐潮坪carbonate tidal flat碳酸盐台地carbonate platform碳酸盐岩carbonate rock／carbonatite碳酸盐岩补偿深度carbonate compensation depth (CCD)碳酸盐岩隆(建隆)carbonate buildup逃逸构造escape structure体系域systems tract天然堤natural levee／levee填集作用packing跳模bounce casts跳跃作用saltation铁岩ironstone铁质结核iron nodule铁质岩ferruginous rock停息迹resting trace同沉积滑塌构造syndepositional slump structure同生白云岩syngenetic dolostone同生结核syngenetic nodule同生作用syngenesis同相位爬升波痕层理climb-ripple lamination in-phase透光带photic zone透镜状层理lenticular bedding湍(紊) 流turbulent flow团块lumps退（落）潮流ebb current退覆层序offiap sequenceW洼状交错层理swaley cross bedding瓦尔特相律Walther's Law外陆棚outer shelf外扇outer fan ／distal fan外生沉积物exogentic sediments晚成岩作用telodiagenesis网状(交织) 河流anastomosing river／anastomosed stream／anastomosed river 微亮晶microspar温跃层thermoclime纹层(细层)laminae／lamination纹层状的laminated纹理lamination纹泥（季节泥）varve紊流turbulent文石(霰石)aragonite无光带aphotic zone无粘结性颗粒cohesionless particle物理风化physical weathering物源分析provenace analysis物源区provenanceX席状沙sheet sand细砾granule细流痕rill mark澙湖lagoon咸化澙湖salified lagoon咸水湖salt water lake相（沉积相）facies相变facies variation／facies change相标志facies mark相带facies belt相对海平面relative sea-level相模式facies model相区facies province相序(列)facies sequence (succession)相组合facies association镶边台地rimmed platform向上变粗coarsening-upward向上变细finning-upward削顶波痕(平顶波痕)capped-off (truncated) ripple向上变浅shoaling-upward／shallowing upward向上变深deepening-upward小潮neap tide小间断diastem小型交错层理small-scale cross bedding小型流水波痕small current ripple楔状交错层理wedge cross bedding斜坡地形clinoform泄水构造water escape structure心滩channel bar新月形波痕lunate ripple新月形沙丘crescent dune／barchan dune信风trade winds休息迹resting traces悬浮(移)负载suspended load选择性交代作用selective replacement雪花构造snowflower structureY压扁层理flaser bedding压刻痕(工具痕)tool mark压溶构造pressure-solution structure／pressure solution 压实作用compaction亚相subfacies岩石地层学lithostratigraphy岩石学petrology岩相lithofacies岩相古地理lithofacies paleogeography岩相古地理图lithofacies paleogeographic map岩相图lithofacies map岩屑rockfragment，lithic岩屑净砂岩litharenite岩屑砂岩lithic sandstone／rock fragment sandstone岩屑杂砂岩lithic greywacke岩屑质长石净砂岩lithic arkose岩性lithology岩性图lithological map沿岸流longshore current沿岸沙坝longshore bar盐度salinity盐湖brine lake／salt lake盐碱滩salina盐水楔saltwater wedge液化沉积物流fluidized (liquefied) sediment flow伊利石illite氧化作用oxidation页岩shale液化（作用）liquefaction遗迹化石trace fossil／ichnofossil／tracefossil遗迹相ichnofacies异化颗粒allochem硬底构造hardground structure硬砂岩greywacke硬石膏anhydrite涌浪swells尤尔斯特隆图解Hiulstromdiagram油页岩oil shale游泳生物nekton organisms有效孔隙度effective porosity羽状(鱼骨状)交错层理herringbone cross bedding雨痕raindrop imprint／rain impression原生沉积构造primary sedimentary structure原生孔隙primary porosity圆度（磨圆度）roundness远滨offshore远沙坝distal bar远洋环境pelagic environment越岸沉积overbank deposit运动迹moving traces韵律层理rhythmic bedding韵律沉积rhythmic (cyclothemic) sedimentationZ杂基matrix杂基支撑matrix supported杂砂岩graywacke／wacke载荷load再作用面(复活面)构造reactivation surface structure／reactivation surface 藻类algae藻丘algae mound藻团块algaelumps藻团粒algal poliods藻席algal mats造礁珊瑚hermatypic coral粘度viscosity粘结灰岩bindstones粘结岩boundstone粘土级clay size粘土矿物clay mineral粘土岩claystone涨潮流flood current帐篷构造teepee structure障壁（岛）barrier island／barrier障壁礁barrier reef障壁沙坝barrier bar障壁沙嘴barrier spit障积岩buffer stone／bafflestone沼泽marsh沼泽相swamp蒸发岩evaporites正态分布normal distribution正向粒序（递变）层理normal graded bedding直线形波痕straight-crested ripple直形河straight river植物根痕root and rootlet trace指状沙坝bar-finger sand中砾pebble中值median钟形bell shape众数mode重荷模load cast重晶石barite重力流graviyy current/ gravity flow皱痕wrinkle mark铸模mold铸模孔隙moldic porosity铸型cast锥模prod casts准层序parasequence准层序组parasequence set准同生变形构造penecontemporaneous deformation structure 浊积扇turbidite fan浊积石灰岩allodapic limestone浊积岩turbidite浊流turbidity current浊流沉积turbidite deposit浊流相turbidite facies自生沉积物autochthonous sediments 自生的authigenic自形晶euhedral自悬浮auto-suspension足迹track组构fabric钻孔boring。
专业英语-沉积岩
Weathering 风化作用Erosion 剥蚀作用Transportation 搬运作用Deposition 沉积作用Compaction 压实作用Consolidation 固结作用Cementation 胶结作用Recrystallization 重结晶作用Fluvial (河流) Braided stream (辫状河流)Meandering stream (曲流河)Lacustrine (湖泊) Shore/Shallow/Deep lake (滨/浅/深湖)Subaqueous fans (水底冲积扇)Desert (沙漠) Sand dunes (沙丘)Alluvial fans (冲积扇)Playa lakes (干盐湖)Glacial (冰川) Moraines (Ice deposition) (冰碛堆积)Outwash (Glaciofluvial deposition) (冰水沉积)Glacial lakes (冰川湖)Piedmont & Intermountain basin (山麓及山间盆地)Proluvial fans (洪积扇)Delta (三角洲) Stream-dominated (河流为主)Wave-dominated (波浪为主)Tide-dominated (潮汐为主)Beach (海滩)Barrier island (障壁岛 ) Beach (海滩)Sand dunes (沙丘)Lagoon (泻湖)Continental shelf (陆架/陆棚) Detrital deposition (碎屑沉积)Carbonate depostion (碳酸盐沉积)Carbonate platform (碳酸盐台地) Carbonate depostion (碳酸盐沉积)Continental slope and rise (陆坡&陆基）Submarine fans (Turbidites / Flysch) (海底冲积扇)(浊流沉积/复理石沉积)Deep-ocean basin (深海盆地) Oozes (深海软泥)Pelagic clay (远洋粘土)◎海洋沉积环境：Littoral facies（滨海相）Neritic facies（浅海相）Bathyal facies（半深海相）Abyssal facies or Deep-sea facies（深海相）◎滨海（潮汐带）沉积：Supratidal zone（潮上带）Subtidal zone（潮下带）Intertidal zone（潮间带）Mean high-tide line（平均高潮线）Mean low-tide line（平均低潮线）Wave base（浪基面）◎滨浅海碳酸盐沉积：Tidal flat（潮坪）Tidal channel（潮道）Desiccation crack（干裂）Algal mat（藻席）Stromatolite（叠层石）Carbonate barrier（碳酸盐障壁）Lagoon（泻湖）Sabkha（萨布哈/盐沼）Fringing reef（岸礁）Barrier reef（堡礁）Atoll reef（环礁）◎滨浅海碳酸盐岩：Limestone（灰岩）Dolostone（白云岩）Mudstone（灰泥灰岩/泥状灰岩）Wackestone（粒泥灰岩）Packstone（泥粒灰岩）Grainstone（颗粒灰岩）Boundstone（粘结灰岩）Sparite（亮晶灰岩）Micrite（泥晶灰岩）Oolith=Oolite=Oolitic limestone（鲕灰岩）Bioclastics（生物碎屑岩）Reef limestone（礁灰岩）Ooid（鲕粒）；Pellet（小球粒）；Peloid（似球粒）Oncolite（核形石）；Oncoid（似核形石）◎海水分带：Photic zone（透光带，0~60m）Disphotic zone（弱光带，60~200m）Aphotic zone（无光带，>200m）◎深海/半深海沉积：Submarine fan（海底冲积扇，沉积物沿着海底峡谷在洋壳边缘形成的Turbidite堆积）Flysch（复理石沉积）Ooze (深海软泥，生物残骸>30%)Pelagic clay（远洋粘土，生物残骸<30%）Iron-manganese nodules（铁锰结核）等。
沉积学词汇
Comprehensive terms外力地质作用：exogenic process沉积作用：sedimentation沉积岩：sedimentary rock水成岩：neptunic rock沉积岩石学：sedimentary petrology沉积学：sedimentology水成论：neptunianism均变论：uniformitarianism将故论今：present is the key to past灾变论：catastrophism洪积论：diluvianism火成论：plutonism现实论：actualism岩相相关律：law of correlation of facies横截关系律：law of crosscutting relationships 原始连续律：law of original continuity原始水平律：law of original horizontality叠覆律：law of superposition生物群层序律：law of faunal succession生物群组合律：law of faunal assemblages地球四面体：Earth tetrahedron地幔中间层：mesosphere软流圈：asthenosphere岩石圈：lithosphere大洋型地壳：oceanic crust大陆型地壳：continental crust硅镁层：sima硅铝层：sial花岗岩质层：granitic layer水圈：hydrosphere生物圈：biosphere生态圈：ecosphere大气圈：atmosphere对流层：troposphere平流层：stratosphere臭氧层：ozone layer电离层：ionosphere中间层：mesosphere热层：thermosphere极光：aurora气辉：airglow外层大气：outer atmosphere磁层：magnetosphere 地质作用地质作用：geologic process内营力：endogenic force内动力地质作用：endogenic process内生地质作用：endogenic geologic process 外营力：exogenic force外动力地质作用：exogenic process表生地质作用：exogenic geologic process地外营力：extraterrestrial process风化作用：weathering物理风化：physical weathering热力风化：thermal weathering冻融风化：freeze-thaw weathering寒冻风化：frost weathering寒冻作用：frost action化学风化：chemical weathering生物风化：biological weathering球状风化：spheroidal weathering差异风化：differential weathering风化作用阶段：weathering stage元素迁移系列：sequence of migration of elements风化壳：weathering crust古风化壳：paleocrust of weathering风化壳类型：types of crust of weathering机械风化壳：mechanical residuum碳酸盐风化壳：residuum of carbonate type 高岭土型风化壳：residuum of kaolin type砖红土型风化壳：residuum of laterite type 矿物稳定性：mineral stability剥蚀作用：denudation侵蚀作用：erosion陵夷作用：degradation加积作用：aggradation均夷作用：gradation夷平作用：planation常态侵蚀：normal erosion河流地质作用：fluvial process暂时性水流：temporary torrent片状侵蚀：sheet erosion线状侵蚀：linear erosion向(溯)源侵蚀：retrogressive erosion, headward erosion, headwater erosion下切侵蚀：downcutting侧蚀：lateral erosion地球自转偏向力：deflection force of Earth rotation科里奥利力：Coriolis’ forces搬运作用：transportation搬运介质：transportation medium推移：traction跃移：saltation悬移：suspension transport沉积作用：deposition海蚀作用：marine erosion重力地质作用：gravitational process快体运动：mass movement山崩：landslide塌岸：bank slump雪崩：snow avalanche土屑移动：soil creep崩塌作用：eboulement风蚀作用：wind abrasion吹蚀作用：deflation磨蚀作用：abrasion风积作用：wind deposition岩溶作用：karstification潜蚀作用：underground corrosion中和作用：neutralization脱水作用：dehydration溶解作用：dissolution沉淀作用：precipitation水化作用：hydration氧化作用：oxidation水解作用：hydrolysis还原作用：reduction吸附作用：absorption胶凝作用：flocculation胶结作用：cementation沉积分异作用：sedimentary differentiation 石化作用：lithification成岩作用：diagenesisGeneral terms主要矿物：essential mineral次要矿物：auxiliary mineral副矿物：accessory mineral 重矿物：heavy mineral碎屑矿物：clastic mineral陆源矿物：terrestrial mineral自生矿物：authigenic mineral成岩矿物：diagenetic mineral后生矿物：catagenetic mineral表生矿物：hypergenic mineral原生矿物：primary mineral次生矿物：secondary mineral金属矿物：metallic mineral非金属矿物：nonmetallic mineral 指相矿物：facies mineralSilicate minerals橄榄石：olivine辉石：pyroxene角闪石：amphibole (hornblende) 长石：feldspar斜长石：plagioclase碱性长石：alkali-feldspar正长石：orthoclase (K-feldspar) 微斜长石：microcline云母：mica黑云母：biotite白云母：muscovite绿泥石：chlorite鲕绿泥石：chamosite粘土矿物：clay mineral高岭石：kaolinite艾洛石：halloysite蒙托石：montmorillonite贝得石：beidellite皂石：saponite伊利石：illite沸石：zeolite锆石：zircon石榴石：garnet十字石：staurolite蓝晶石：kyanite绿柱石：beryl电气石：tourmaline黄玉：topazCarbonate minerals文石：aragonite方解石：calcite高镁方解石：high-magnese calcite 白云石：dolomite铁白云石：ferrodolomite菱镁矿：magnesite菱锌矿：smithsonite菱锰矿：rhodochrositeSulphate minerals石膏：gypsum硬石膏：anhydrite重晶石：barite芒硝：mirabilite杂卤石：polyhalite泻利盐：epsomite水绿矾：melanterite胆矾：chalcanthite明矾石：aluniteOxysalt minearals硼砂：borax方硼石：boracite磷灰石：apatite氟磷灰石：fluroapatite独居石：monazite黑钨矿：wolframite钠硝石：soda-nitre钾硝石：potassium nitrateOxide and hydroxide刚玉：corundum赤铁矿：hematite钛铁矿：ilmenite磁铁矿：magnetite铬铁矿：chromite褐铁矿：limonite针铁矿：goethite金红石：rutile锡石：cassiterite软锰矿：pyrolusite晶质铀矿：uranite沥青铀矿：pitchblende石英：quartz 鳞石英：tridymite方石英：cristobalite玉髓：chalcedony蛋白石：opal尖晶石：spinel水锰矿：manganiteSulphides辉铜矿：chalcocite闪锌矿：sphalerite方铅矿：galena辰砂：cinnabar雄黄：realgar雌黄：orpiment辉锑矿：antimonite辉钼矿：molybdenite黄铁矿：pyrite黄铜矿：chalcopyrite毒砂：arsenopyriteHalides萤石：fluorite石盐：halite钾盐：sylvite光卤石：carnalliteSediment textures and structures 碎屑结构：clastic texture碎屑：clast矿物碎屑：mineral fragment 岩石碎屑：rock fragment粒度：grain size粒度等级：grade scale砾状结构：psephitic texture 砾：gravel角砾：angular gravel漂砾：boulder粗砾：cobble卵砾：pebble细砾：granule砂质砾：sandy gravel含砾砂：pebbled sand砂：sand极粗砂：very coarse sand粗砂：coarse sand中砂：medium sand细砂：fine sand极细砂：very find sand泥质砂：muddy sand泥质结构：pelitic texture砂质泥：sandy mud粉砂泥质结构：aleuropelitic texture粉砂：silt粗粉砂：coarse silt细粉砂：fine silt粘土：clay泥：mud粒度分析：grain size analysis正态分布：normal distribution对数正态分布：lognormal distribution单峰分布：unimodal distribution双峰分布：bimodal distribution多峰分布：multimodal distribution直方图：histogram频率曲线：frequency curve频率累积曲线：cumulative frequency curve 概率累积曲线：cumulative probability curve 粒度参数：grain size parameter平均粒度：mean grain size中值粒度：median grain size均值：mean标准差：standard deviation偏度：skewness尖度：kurtosis离散图：scatter plotCM图： CM plot碎屑形态：shape of clast圆度：roundness棱角状：angular次棱角状：sub-angular次圆状：sub-rounded圆状：rounded球度：sphericity形状：shapes扁球状：oblate等轴状：equant叶片状：bladed长椭球状：prolate 表面结构：surface textures磨光面：polish surface沙漠漆：desert varnish霜面：frosted surface微起伏：micro-relief擦痕：striation钉头擦痕：nailhead striation击痕：percussion scar新月形击痕：crescent-shaped crack凹坑：indentation麻面：pitted surface填隙物：interstitial materials胶结物：cement钙质胶结物：calcareous cement硅质胶结物：siliceous cement铁质胶结物：ferruginous cement泥质胶结物：mudeous cement胶状结构：amorphous texture隐晶结构：aphanitic显晶较高：phaneritic texture嵌晶结构：mosaic texture次生加大：secondary overgrowth texture 火山碎屑：pyroclast岩屑：rock fragment火山弹：volcanic bomb浮岩屑：pumice火山渣：scoria碳酸盐颗粒：carbonate grain内碎屑：intraclast砾屑结构：calciruditic texture砂屑结构：calcarenitic texture粉屑结构：calcisiltic texture泥屑结构：calcilutic texture生物碎屑：bioclast骨粒：framework grain团粒：pellet球粒：peloid团块：lump包粒：coated grain豆粒：pisoid鲕粒：ooid交代结构：replacement texture溶洞：solution cavity肾状结构：kidney-shaped texture棒状结构：rod-like texture纤维状结构：fibrous texture针状结构：acicular texture鳞片状结构：scaly texture变晶结构：crystalloblastic texture砾石组构：gravel fabric砂组构：sand fabric等向组构：isotropic fabric异向组构：anisotropic fabric冰碛组构：till fabric颗粒定向：grain orientation孔隙度：porosity渗透率：permeability水平层理：horizontal bedding互层层理：interlayered bedding平行层理：parallel bedding交错层理：cross bedding板状交错层理：tabular cross bedding楔状交错层理：wedge-shaped cross bedding 波状层理：wavy bedding透镜状层理：lenticular bedding叶状层理：lobate bedding波痕：ripple mark结核：concretion同生结核：contemporaneous concretion后生结核：catagenetic concretion表生结核：epigenetic concretion钙质结核：calcareous concretion钙结核：doll concretion鳞片构造：scaly structure毡状构造：felty structure格子状构造：lattice structure斑杂构造：mottled structure泉华构造：sinter structure斑点构造：spotted structure皱纹构造：wrinkle structure多孔构造：porous structure蜂窝构造：honey comb structure竹叶构造：edgewise structure叠瓦构造：imbricate structure砾岩：conglomerate粗碎屑岩：macroclastic rock卵石砾岩：pebble conglomerate漂砾砾岩：boulder conglomerate 卵石砾岩：pebble conglomerate粗砾岩：coarse conglomerate中粒砾岩：medium conglomerate细砾岩：fine conglomerate石英质砾岩：quartzitic conglomerate碎屑砾岩：clastic conglomerate残积角砾岩：eluvial breccia岩溶角砾岩：karst breccia构造角砾岩：tectonic breccia底砾岩：basal conglomerate层间砾岩：interformational conglomerate 同生砾岩：contemporaneous conglomerate 后生砾岩：catagenetic conglomerate成岩砾岩：diagenetic conglomerate粗粉砂岩：coarse siltstone细粉砂岩：fine siltstone泥质粉砂岩：muddy siltstone风成岩：aeolian rock细碎屑岩：microclastic rock泥岩：mudstone砂质泥岩：sandy mudstone粉砂质泥岩：silty mudstone粘土岩：claystone高岭石粘土岩：kaolinic claystone伊利石粘土岩：illitic claystone蒙脱石粘土岩：montmorillonitic claystone 钙质页岩：calcareous shale铁质页岩：ferruginous shale页岩：shale硅质页岩：siliceous shale炭质页岩：carbonaceous shale黑色页岩：black shale沥青页岩：naphtholith油页岩：oil shale砂页岩：sandshale泥板岩：argillite火山碎屑沿：pyroclastic rock熔结集块岩：welded agglomerate集块岩：agglomerate凝灰质巨砾岩：tuffaceous boulder火山角砾岩：volcanic breccia凝灰质砾岩：tuffaceous conglomerate凝灰质砂岩：tuffaceous sandstone凝灰质粉砂岩：tuffaceous siltstone玻屑凝灰岩：vitric tuff晶屑凝灰岩：crystal tuff岩屑凝灰岩：lithic tuff蚀变凝灰岩：altered tuff硅化凝灰岩：silicified tuff石灰岩：limestone云灰岩：dolomitic limestone泥灰岩：marl颗粒岩：grainstone重结晶岩：recrystalline limestone微晶灰岩：micritic limestone碎屑灰岩：calcirudite砂屑灰岩：calcarenite粉屑灰岩：calcisiltite泥屑灰岩：calcilutlite生物碎屑灰岩：bioclast limestone介壳灰岩：coquina鲕粒灰岩：oolitic limestone团粒灰岩：lump limestone球粒灰岩：pelletal limestone钙华：tufa钙结岩：calliche白云岩：dolomitite/dolostone灰云岩：lime dolostone泥云岩：muddy dolostone微晶白云岩：dolomicrite结晶白云岩：crystalline dolomite砾屑白云岩：dolorudite砂屑白云岩：dolarenite粉屑白云岩：dolarenite泥屑白云岩：dololutlite交代白云岩：replacement dolostone 硅藻土：diatomite燧石岩：chert硅土：siliceous earth硅质结核：siliceous concretion碳酸盐质硅华：silica carbonate sinter 蒸发岩：evaporite石膏岩：gypsolith硬石膏岩：anhydrock石盐岩：saline rock红土型铝土岩：lateritic bauxitic rock 鲕粒铝土岩：oolitic bauxitic rock磁铁岩：magnetitic rock 赤铁岩：hematitic rock硅铁岩：siliceous iron rock褐铁岩：limonite rock菱铁岩：sederitic rock硫铁岩：pyritic rock复理石：flych磨拉石：molasse混杂岩：melenge滑来石：olistholith红层：red bed风成岩：eolianite热泉胶结物：hydrothermally cemental rock 混杂沉积物：chaotic sediment混积岩：diamictite风化作用：热力风化：thermal weathering冻融风化：freeze-thaw weathering寒冻风化：frost weathering机械风化：mechanical weathering崩解作用：dessintegration重力地质作用：gravitational process红土化作用：laterization破碎阶段：broken stage饱和硅铝阶段：saturated sialic stage酸性硅铝阶段：acid sialic stage硅铁土阶段：allitized stage红土阶段：laterized stage氧化带：oxidative zone水解带：hydrolysis zone淋滤带：leaching zone水合带：hydrated zone碎屑物质：clast不溶残积物：nonsoluble residue溶解物质：dissolved material风化分异：weathering differentiation风化壳：weathering crust / residue差异风化：differential weathering球状风化：spheroidal weathering内源侵蚀：backward erosion边坡侵蚀：side-slope erosion侧向侵蚀：lateral erosion垂向侵蚀：vertical erosion下切侵蚀：dowcutting erosoion裁湾取直：cut-off掘蚀/刨蚀作用：pluck剥蚀作用：denudation冰蚀作用：glacial erosion风蚀作用：aeolian erosion海蚀作作用：marine abrasion陵夷作用：degradation夷平作用：planation面状侵蚀：sheet erosion风海流：wind current密度流：density flow紊流：turbulent flow/ tortous层流：laminar flow急流：torrential current搬运能力：transport capacity搬运方式：mode of transportation牵引载荷：traction load推移载荷：solid load溶解载荷：dissolved load沙床载荷：bed load悬浮载荷：suspended load沉积间断：hiatus卸载：unloading沉积速率：rate of deposition溶解度：solubility成岩作用方式压溶作用：pressure solution压实作用：compaction水化作用：hydration水解作用：hydrolysis方解石化作用：calcitization固结作用：consolidation硅化作用：silicification还原作用：reduction氧化作用：oxidation降解作用：degradation胶结作用：cementation交代作用：metasomatism/replacement 离子交换作用：ion exchange离子吸附作用：ion absorption淋滤作用：illuviation重结晶作用：recrystallization白云石化：dolomitization 构造稳定区：tectonic quiet region 构造活动带：tectonic mobile belt 陆源沉积物：terrestrial sediment 盐度：salinity盐度跃层：helocline化跃层：chemocline陆相：terrestrial facies海相：marine facies相变：facies change沉积相：sedimentary facies岩相：lithofacies相序列：facies sequence相组合：facies association相模式：facies model相区：facies province过渡相：transitional facies残积带：eluvial zone坡积带：deluvial zone残积相：eluvial facies坡积相：deluvial facies戈壁：gobi砾漠：serir石漠：stony desert沙漠：desert沙丘：dune新月型沙丘：barchan抛物线沙丘：parabolic dune固定沙丘：fixed dune半固定沙丘：semi-fixed dune移动沙丘：wandering fune沙漠湖泊：desert lake干盐湖：playa戈壁相：gobi facies沙漠相：desert facies风棱石：ventifact侧积相：side moraine facies中碛相：medial moraine facies底积相：bottom moraine facies终积相：end moraine facies前积相：front moraine facies河床：stream bed河道：stream channel边滩：point bar心滩：river island河漫滩：flood plain决口扇：crevasse splay河漫沼泽：backswamp洪积平原：flood plain废弃河道：abandoned channel牛轭湖：ox-bow lake冲积扇：alluvial fan冲积裙：alluvial apron冲积相：alluvial facies河道充填相：channel-fill facies堤岸相：levee facies河漫沼泽相：backswamp facies湖泊相：lacustrine facies浅湖相：shallow lake facies深湖相：deep lake facies盐湖相：playa facies滨湖相：coastal lake facies安山岩：andesite埃洛石：halloysite白云母：muscovite白云石：dolomite白云石化作用：dolomitization白云岩：dolostone,dolomitite白垩：chalk斑岩：porphyry斑杂构造：mottled structure搬运介质：medium of transportation搬运作用：transportation搬运能力：transportation capacity搬运营力：transport agent板块：plate板块边缘：plate margin板块俯冲：plate subduction板块构造理论：theory of plate tectonics板块碰撞：plate collision板块边界：plate boundary板岩：slate板状交错层理：tabular cross bedding, planar cross bedding半岛：peninsula半干旱气候：semi-arid climate半固定沙丘：semifixed dune, semi-mobile dune半深海沉积物：bathyal sediment包裹体：inclusion, enclosure包卷层理：convolute bedding包粒：coated grain剥蚀作用：denudation薄层：flag薄层砂岩：flagstone饱和带：saturated zone饱和面：saturated surface饱和硅铝阶段：saturated sialic stage鲍马层序：Bouma sequence爆发角砾岩：explosion breccia爆发岩筒：explosive pipe背斜：anticline被袭夺河：abstracted river, captured river 被子植物：angiosperm崩解作用：disintegration崩塌角砾岩：collapse breccia笔石类：graptolite边坡侵蚀：side-slope erosion边滩：point bar deposit边滩沉积：point bar deposit边滩相：point bar facies边缘盆地：marginal basin边缘台地：marginal platform扁豆状凝灰岩：lenticulite扁球状：oblate变晶结构：crystalloblastic texture变晶鲕：crysialized ooid变盐度环境：euryhaline environment变质程度：metamorphic grade变质带：metamorphic belt变质年龄：metamorphic age变质相：metamorphic facies变质岩：metamorphic rock变质作用：metamorphism标本：specimen标志层：indicator horizon, index bed标准化石：index fossil标准剖面：standard section表观年龄：apparent age表成沉积物：exogenetic sediments表面蒸发作用：surface evaporation表皮构造：epigenetic structure表生成岩环境：epidiagenetic environment 表生成岩作用：epidiagenesis表生结核：epigenetic concretion表生矿物：hypergene mineral表生作用：epigenesis表土：regolith表碛：superglacial moraine滨海：littoral area滨海带：littoral zone滨海相：littoral facies滨海盐沼：marine salina滨后沉积：backshore deposit滨后沼泽沉积：backswamp deposit滨湖区：coastal lake area滨湖相：coastal lake facies。
地质学术语翻译研究
地质学术语翻译研究地质学是研究地球构造、岩石组成、地球表面以及地球历史演化的学科。
在地质学中，有许多专业术语，下面是一些常见的地质学术语及其中文翻译。
1. Plate tectonics 板块构造学2. Volcano 火山3. Earthquake 地震4. Mineral 矿物5. Rock 岩石6. Sediment 沉积物7. Fossil 化石8. Crust 地壳9. Mantle 地幔10. Core 地核11. Continental drift 大陆漂移12. Erosion 侵蚀13. Deposition 沉积14. Weathering 风化15. Fault 断层16. Fold 褶皱17. Igneous rock 火成岩18. Metamorphic rock 变质岩19. Sedimentary rock 沉积岩20. Geologic time scale 地质时代尺度21. Geologic formation 地质层系22. Geologic map 地质图23. Stratigraphy 地层学24. Paleontology 古生物学25. Geomorphology 地貌学26. Geochronology 地质年代学27. Geothermal energy 地热能28. Geologic hazard 地质灾害29. Groundwater 地下水30. Karst landscape 喀斯特地貌这些是常见的地质学术语，其中许多术语在地质学研究、实地考察和学术交流中经常使用。
熟悉这些术语的翻译有助于理解和传播地质学领域的知识。
根据具体的研究内容和背景，还有其他更具专业性的地质学术语，但以上列举的术语是一个很好的起点。
地质学术语翻译研究
地质学术语翻译研究地质学术语翻译是一项非常重要的研究，它涉及到了地质学的基础理论和实践工作。
虽然地质学术语在不同语言中可能存在一定的区别，但是它们都是用来描述地质学现象和科学原理的专有词汇，因此翻译的准确性至关重要。
下面是一些常见的地质学术语以及它们的中文翻译。
1. Geology 地质学2. Mineralogy 矿物学4. Stratigraphy 地层学6. Sedimentology 沉积学8. Tectonics 构造地质学9. Volcanology 火山学11. Geophysics 地球物理学12. Geomagnetism 地磁学15. Oceanography 海洋学18. Igneous rocks 火成岩20. Metamorphic rocks 变质岩21. Fossil 化石23. Rock 岩石24. Earthquake 地震25. Fault 断层26. Erosion 侵蚀27. Deposition 沉积29. Magma 岩浆30. Lava 熔岩31. Crust 地壳32. Mantle 地幔34. Continental drift 大陆漂移35. Geologic time scale 地质时间尺度36. Paleozoic era 古生代39. Era 纪40. Period 世41. Epoch 期42. Precambrian 前寒武纪44. Ordovician 奥陶纪45. Silurian 志留纪46. Devonian 泥盆纪47. Carboniferous 石炭纪49. Triassic 三叠纪51. Cretaceous 白垩纪52. Tertiary 第三纪54. Ice age 冰河时期55. Glacial 酷寒期58. Climate change 气候变化。
[英语学习]汉英地质学名词3
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地台||platform地体||terrane地洼说||tectonics of diwa地温||geotemperature地下工程||underground engineering地下河||underground river地下径流系数||coefficient of groundwater runoff 地下热[卤]水型矿床||hot geothermal brine type deposit 地下热卤水||underground geothermal brine地下热水||geothermal water地下水||groundwater地下水保护||groundwater conservation地下水补给区||recharge area of groundwater地下水储量||groundwater reserves地下水动力学||groundwater dynamics地下水动态||groundwater regime地下水回灌||groundwater recharge地下水径流||groundwater runoff地下水径流模数||modulus of groundwater runoff地下水类型||groundwater type地下水流速||velocity of groundwater flow地下水埋藏深度||depth of groundwater table地下水模型||groundwater model地下水排泄区||discharge area of groundwater地下水盆地||groundwater basin地下水天然资源||natural resources of groundwater地下水网络||groundwater network地下水位坡降||gradient of groundwater level地下水污染||groundwater pollution地下水袭夺||groundwater capture地下水系统||groundwater system地下水质||groundwater quality地下水资源||groundwater resources地形同位素分馏效应||topographic isotopic fractionation effect地学||geoscience地压型地热资源||geopressure geothermal resources地震||earthquake, seism地震波||seismic wave地震地层学||seismostratigraphy地震地质学||seismogeology, earthquake geology地震构造带||seismic-tectonic zone地震构造学||seismotectonics地震线||earthquake line地植物方法||geobotanical method地质||geology地质构造||geological structure地质环境||geologic environment地质力学||geomechanics地质年表||geologic time scale, geological time table地质年代学||geochronology地质时期||geologic time地质事件||geologic event地质温度计||geothermometer; 又称“地球温度计”。
英汉沉积学常用词汇
Common Vocabulary of Sedimentology堆积学常用词汇Aabandoned channel 荒弃河流abandoned delta 荒弃的三角洲ablation breccia 融化角砾岩abrasion terrace 海蚀阶地absolute age 绝对年纪absorpting 吸附性 absorption汲取性abundance of trace element 微量元素丰度abyss(deep sea) 深海abyssal basin 深海盆地abyssal deposit 深海堆积abyssal facies 深海相abyssal ooze 深海软泥abyssal plain 深海平原abyssal subcompensational basin 深海欠赔偿盆地accretion ripple 加积波痕accretion topography 加积地形accretional plain 加积平原accumulation terrace 聚积阶地ACD(aragonite compensation depth) 文石补偿深度acicular texture 针状结构 acidsialic stage 酸性硅铝阶段active continental margin 活动大陆边沿active crust 活动地壳adhesion ripple 粘附波痕adhesion wart 粘附瘤痕advanced dune 行进沙丘aeolian dune facies 风成沙丘相aeolian ripple marks 风成波痕aeolian rock 风成岩agglomerate 集块岩agglomeratic texture 集块结构agglutinated grain texture 胶粒结构aggradation 加积作用 air-heave structure 气胀结构 aleuropelitictexture 粉沙泥质结构algal mat 藻席algal mound 藻丘algal ooid藻鲕algal peloid藻球粒algal reef 藻礁algal reef limestone 藻礁灰岩alkali lake 碱湖 alkali-feldspar碱性长石 allitized stage 铝铁土阶段 allochem 异化颗粒allochemical limestone 异化颗粒灰岩allochemical phosphorite 异化磷块岩allochthonous limestone 异地灰岩allochthonous phosphorite 异地磷块岩alluvial apron 冲积裙alluvial facies 冲积相 alluvial fan冲积扇 alluvial plain 冲积平原alluvial terrace 冲积阶地 alteredtuff 蚀变凝灰岩 ammonoid 菊石类amorphous texture 胶状结构amphibian 两栖动物amygdaloidal structure 杏仁结构anadiagenesis 后生成岩作用analcimolith 方沸石岩analysis of rocks and minerals岩矿剖析angiosperm 被子植物angular 棱角状angular gravel 角砾angular unconformity角度不整合anhydrite 硬石膏 anhydrock硬石膏岩 anisotropic fabric异向组构 antecedent river先成河Anthichnium花趾迹antidune cross bedding 逆行沙丘交织层理apatite 磷灰石aphanitic texture 隐晶结构apparent age 表观年纪apposition fabric 同堆积组构aquatolysis 陆解作用aragonite 文石archaeocyathid 古杯类Archaeopteryx 鼻祖鸟Archean Era 远古代Arenicolites沙蚤迹arenite 砂屑岩，净砂岩argillite泥板岩arid climate干旱天气arkose 长石砂岩arsenopyrite 毒砂Arthropoda节肢动物ascending springy 上涨泉ash content 灰分ash fragment 灰屑asphalt 地沥青asphalt mound 沥青丘asphaltenes 沥青质assimilation同化作用asymmetrical ripple不对称波痕atoll环礁atmosphere 大气圈aulacogen 拗拉谷authigenic mineral 自生矿物autunite 钙铀云母 auxiliarymineral 次要矿物 axis 地轴BB-C sequence B —C 层序back reef facies 礁后相back arc basin 弧后盆地backshore zone 后滨带backshore facies 后滨相back swamp 河漫沼泽back swamp facies 河漫沼泽相backward erosion向源侵害backwash 回流bacteria 细菌bafflestone 障积岩baffling texture障积结构bahamite 巴哈马石ball and pillow structure砂球枕结构banded bedding 带状层理banded limestone facies 缎带灰岩相bank reef堤礁bank seismic facies 滩地震相barchan 新月型沙丘barite 重晶石barrier beach 障壁滩barrier bar 障壁沙坝barrier island障壁岛barrier island system 障壁岛系统barrier reef 障壁礁，堡礁basal arkose 基底长石砂岩basal cementation 基底式胶结basal conglomerate 底砾岩basalt 玄武岩baselap 底超basement 基底basic rock基性岩basinal lake 无口湖batholith岩基bathymetric map等深线图bauxitic rock铝土岩bauxitic rocks铝土岩类bayment 海湾bayment sediment 海湾堆积beach 海滩beach conglomerate 滨岸砾岩beach cusp 滩角beach environment and facies 海滩环境和相beach face 滩面beach facies 海滩相beach profile 海滩剖面beach ridge 滩脊beach ridge facies 海滩砂脊相beach rock 海滩岩 beachsystem 海滩系统Beaconites 灯塔迹bed 层bed load 床沙载荷bed migration 床沙迁徙bed thickness 层厚bedding 层理bedding plane structures 层面结构bedding structures 层理结构bedform 床沙形态benthos 底栖动物beryl 绿柱石biaxial crystal三轴晶bimodal cross bedding 双向交织层理bimodal current 双向流bimodal distribution 双峰散布 binding texture 粘结结构 bio-absorption 生物吸附bio-assimilation 生物汲取 bio-diagenesis生物成岩 bio-mineralization 生物成矿biochemical deposition 生物化学堆积biochemical transportation 生物化学搬运biochemical weathering 生物化学风化biochron 生物时bioclast 生物碎屑bioclastic limestone 生物碎屑灰岩bioclastic sparite 亮晶生物碎屑灰岩bioclastic micrite 生物碎屑微晶灰岩biodeposition生物堆积biofacies 生态相biofacies-paleogeographic map生物相古地理图biofixation 生物固定bioframework pore 生物骨架孔biogenic lamination structure 生物层理结构biogeochemistry(organic geochemistry) 有机地球化学bioherm生物层biohermal facies生物层相biohermal activity生物活动biohermal community生物群落biohermal marker生物标记化合物biohermal trail生物古迹biohermal weathering生物风化biomechanical deposition生物机械堆积biomechanical transportation生物机械搬运biophosphorite生物磷块岩biophysical weathering生物物理风化biosphere 生物圈biostratigraphic unit生物地层单位biostratigraphy生物地层学biosurface 生物面biota 生物群biotite黑云母bioturbation facies 生物扰动相bioturbation structure 生物扰动结构biozone 生物带bird fecal phosphorite鸟粪石磷块岩bird-foot delta鸟足状三角洲birdeye pore 鸟眼孔birdeye structure 鸟眼结构bitter lake 盐湖bitumen沥青bivalve 双壳类black shale 黑色页岩bladed 叶片状blister mat泡状藻席blue-green algae(cyanophyte) 蓝绿藻body fossils 实体化石boehmite 一水软铝石boehmitic rock 一水铝土岩boghead coal 藻煤 boracite方硼石 borax 硼砂boring 生物钻孔bottom cast 底模bottom current底流bottom current facies 底流相bottom mark 底痕bottom moraine facies 底积相bottom reef facies 礁底相bottom set 底积层 boulder 漂砾boulder conglomerate 漂砾砾岩Bouma sequence 鲍马层序boundstone 粘结岩 brachiopod腕足动物 brackish-water lake 半咸水湖 braid index 游荡性指数braided river 辫状河breaker zone 碎浪带breccia 角砾岩broken stage 破裂阶段brown algae 褐藻bruise 撞痕brush cast 刷模bryophyte苔藓植物bryozoan 苔藓虫类bubble impression 泡沫痕buildup岩隆bulkrock analysis全岩剖析burrow 潜穴CC14 age method C14 法caking property粘结性calcarenite 砂屑灰岩calcarenitic texture砂屑结构calcareous cement 钙质胶结物calcareous concretion 钙质结核calcareous quartzarenite 钙质石英岩calcareous shale 钙质页岩calcarenaceous turbidite facies 钙屑浊积岩相calcilutite泥屑灰岩calcilutic texture泥屑结构calcirudite砾屑灰岩calcirutidic texture砾屑结构calcisiltic texture粉屑结构calcisiltite粉屑灰岩calcite 方解石Caledonian movement 加里东运动caliche 钙结岩Cambrian Period寒武纪cap reef facies 礁盖相capillary action dolomitization毛细管浓缩白云化作用caprock 盖层captured river 袭夺河carbonhydrate 碳水化合物carbon isotope 碳同位素carbonaceous shale 炭质页岩carbonate flysch suite 碳酸盐岩复理石建筑carbonate grain 碳酸盐颗粒carbonate minerals 碳酸盐矿物carbonate platform碳酸盐台地carbonate rocks 碳酸盐岩类carbonatite 碳酸岩Carboniferous Period石炭纪carnallite 光卤石chemical structures 化学成因结构cast solution pore 铸模孔chemical weathering 化学风化cataclasite 碎裂岩chenier facies 千尼尔相catagenesis 后生作用chert 燧石岩catagenetic concretion 后生结核chevron mark 锯齿痕catagenetic conglomerate 后生砾岩chicken wire structure 鸡笼铁丝网结构catagenetic dolostone 后生白云岩Chirotherium 掌趾迹catagenetic mineral 后生矿物chlorite 绿泥石catastrophism 灾变论Chondrichthyes 软骨鱼类cathodoluminescence analysis 阴极发光剖析Chondrites 均分潜迹cave deposit 洞窟堆积chronostratigraphic unit 年月地层单位cave-collapse breccia 洞窟塌陷角砾岩chronostratigraphy 年月地层学CCD(calcite compensation depth) 方解石补chute 串沟偿深度chute cut-off 串沟截直CDT scale CDT 标准cirque 冰斗Ce anomaly 铈异样classic tectonics 经典大地结构学celestine 天青石clast 碎屑cement 胶结物clastic material 碎屑物质cement textures 胶结物结构clastic composition analysis 碎屑成分剖析cementation 胶结作用clastic mineral 碎屑矿物cementing zone 胶结带clastic model 碎屑模型Cenozoic Era 重生代clastic texture 碎屑结构center of subsidence 沉降中心clay 黏土cephalopoda 头足类clay mineral 黏土矿物chalcedony 玉髓claystone 黏土岩chalk 白垩climate 天气chalk carbonate suite 白垩碳酸岩建筑climatic arkose 天气长石砂岩chamosite 鲕绿泥石climbing ripple 爬生波痕channel-fill facies 河流充填相climbing ripple cross lamination 爬升沙纹层channel bar 心滩理chaotic carbonate facies 异地碳酸盐相clot 凝块石chaotic sediment 混淆堆积物cluster analysis 聚类剖析charophyte 轮藻CM plot C-M 图chemical analysis 化学剖析coal 煤chemical composition analysis 化学成分剖析coal geology 煤田地质学chemical sedimentary deposit 化学堆积矿床coal-accumulating process 聚煤作用chemical sedimentary differentiation 化学沉coal-forming process 成煤作用积分异coalification 煤化作用coaly monoterrigenous suite单陆屑含煤建筑coarse conglomerate 粗砾岩coarse sand 粗砂coarse silt 粗粉砂coarse siltstone 粗粉砂岩coast 海岸coast line 岸线coastal bay system 湾岸系统coastal lake area 滨湖区coastal lake facies 滨湖相coastal plain 海岸平原coastal reef 岸礁coastal topography 海岸地形coated grain 包粒coated grain phosphorite 包粒磷块岩cobble 粗砾coccolith颗石藻cock ’ s comb structure鸡冠状结构coefficient of the distribution 分派系数Coelenterata 腔肠动物 coking coal 焦煤coking property结焦性cold climate严寒天气cold water carbonate 冷水碳酸盐collapse breccia 滑塌角砾央colloform mat 胶状藻席 colloidsolution 胶体溶液 collophane 胶磷矿 compaction 压实作用 complexdelta 复合三角洲 compositionalmaturity 成分红熟度 compound ooid复鲕 compound ripple 复合波痕compound structures 复合成因结构comprehensive terms 综合术语concave flood plain 河漫滩concavo-convex contact 凹凸接触concretion 结核condensed section 凝缩层 cone-in-cone structure 叠锥结构conformity 整合conglomerate 砾岩conglomerates 砾岩类connecting texture 连生结构conodont 牙形石类consequent river 顺向河 consolidation固结作用 constructive delta 建设性三角洲 contact cementation 接触式胶结contact metamorphism 接触变质contemporaneous concretion 同生结核contemporaneous conglomerate 同生砾岩continental crust 陆壳continental drift hypothesis大陆漂移说continental glacier大陆冰川continental growth大陆增生continental rift大陆裂谷continental rise 陆隆continental slope陆坡contour current 等深流contourite 等深积岩（等深岩）contourite drift 等深岩丘contourite facies等深积岩相convergent margin 汇聚边沿convolute bedding 包卷层理coppery carbonate rock 含铜碳酸盐岩coppery conglomerate 含铜砾岩coppery rock 铜质岩coppery rocks 铜质岩类coppery sandstone 含铜砂岩coppery shale 含铜页岩coquina 介壳灰岩coral 珊瑚coral reef 珊瑚礁coral reef limestone 珊瑚礁灰岩coral reef facies 礁核相correlative analysis有关剖析coset 层系组Cosmorhaphe 丽线迹country rock围岩cover 盖层crack 裂隙crater lake 火口湖cratonic basin 克拉通盆地crawling trail爬行踪CRER(Cretaceous Events and Rhythms)白垩纪事件与韵律Cretaceous Period 白垩纪crevasse splay 决堤扇crevasse-splay facies 决堤扇相Crinoid海百合类cristobalite 方英石cross bedding 交织层理cross bedding orientation交织层理定向crude oil 原油Cruziana 克鲁兹迹Cruziana assemblage 克鲁兹迹组合cryptograin texture 隐粒结构Cryptozoic Eon 隐生宙crystal cast 晶体印模crystal fragment 晶屑crystal grain texture晶粒结构crystal optics 晶体光学crystal tuff 晶屑凝灰岩crystallized ooid 变晶鲕crystalline dolostone 结晶白云岩crystalline granular texture 晶粒结构crystallization differentiation 结晶分异作用crystallo petrology 结晶岩石学crystalloblastic texture 变晶结构cumulative frequency curve频次积累曲线cumulative probability curve概率积累曲线current mark 流痕current ripple流水流痕current ripple cross lamination 流水沙纹层理current rose 流水玫瑰花图curty bedding 卷曲层理curved ripple 歪曲波痕cuspate delta 鸟嘴状三角洲cut-off 裁弯取直cutoff basin 关闭盆地 cyclesequence 旋回层序cyclostratigraphy 旋回地层学Cylindrichnus 柱管迹Cylindricum 柱踪迹Ddammed lake 堰塞湖damp climate 湿润天气debris flow泥石流debris flow facies泥石流相decomposition分解作用dedolomitization去白云化作用deep lake area 深湖区 deeplake facies 深湖相 deepwater lagoon 深水泻湖 deep-water basin 深水盆地deep-water environment 深水环境deep-water shelf 深水陆棚 deep-water system 深水堆积系统deformation 变形deformation fabric 形变结构degradation 降解作用degypsification 去膏化作用dehydration 脱水作用delta 三角洲delta environment and facies三角洲环境和相delta front 三角洲前缘delta lobate 三角洲叶状体delta plain三角洲平原delta plain facies 三角洲平原相delta system 三角洲系统deluvial facies坡积相deluvial zone坡积带density current密度流denudation 剥蚀作用depocenter 堆积中心depositional bauxitic rock堆积型铝土岩depositional cycle堆积旋回depositional plain堆积平原depositional system 堆积系统depositional system analysis堆积系统剖析desert 荒漠desert environment and facies 荒漠环境和相desert facies 荒漠相desert lake 荒漠湖泊desert lake facies 荒漠湖泊相desert system 荒漠系统 desertvarnish 荒漠漆 destructivedelta 损坏性三角洲determination of rocks and minerals 岩矿判定deviation ooid 偏爱鲕development in sedimentology堆积学进展Devonian Period 泥盆纪diagenesis 成岩作用 diageneticconcretion 成岩结核 diagenetic conglomerate 成岩砾岩 diageneticcrack 成岩裂隙 diageneticdolostone 成岩白云岩 diagenetic environment 成岩环境 diageneticmineral 成岩矿物 diagenetic trap成岩圈闭 diagonal bar 斜列沙坝diagonal bedding斜层理diamictite混积岩diapiric structure底辟结构diara 沙洲diaspore一水硬铝石diastem 堆积停留diatactive varve粒度递变纹泥diatom 硅藻diatom ooze 硅藻软泥diatomite 硅藻岩diatreme breccia 迸发角砾岩dickite地开石Dictyodora网锥迹differential thermal analysis差热剖析differential weathering差别风化Dikaka 双叉迹dike 岩脉Dinosaur 恐龙dip 偏向Diplichnites双趾迹Diplocraterion双环迹direct runoff地表径流dirty sandstone 脏砂岩discriminant analysis鉴别剖析dish structure 盘状结构disorganized 乱杂型disorganized bedding杂乱层理dispersal system 分别系dissected basin 切割盆地dissolution溶解dissolved load 溶解载荷dissolved material 溶解物质dissolving zone溶解带distal bar 远砂坝distal bar facies 远砂坝相distal facies 远源相distal fan 外扇distal onlap 远端上超distal turbidite远源浊积岩distorted ooid变形鲕distributary分流distributary backswamp facies 分流河流河漫沼泽相distributary channel 分流河流distributary channel facies 分流河流相distributary levee facies分流河流堤岸相distributary mouth bar河口砂坝distributary mouth bar facies河口砂坝相distribution of REE稀土元素分派distribution of trace element 微量元素分派distrophic lake 缺养湖disturbed bedding 扰动层理dolarenite 砂屑白云岩doll concretion钙结核dololaminite纹层状白云岩dololutite泥屑白云岩dolomicrite微晶白云岩dolomite 白云石dolomitic limestone 云灰岩 dolomitic phosphorite 白云质磷块岩dolomitization 白云石化作用dolomitized limestone 白云化灰岩dolorudite 砾屑白云岩dolosiltite粉屑白云岩dolostone 白云岩dolostone evaporite suite 白云岩型蒸发岩建造dolostones 白云岩类domelike stromatolite 穹状叠层石dorag dolomitization 混淆白云化作用double mud drapes 双黏土层downcutting 下切作用downlap 下超downslope ripple下移波痕draa 臂状沙丘drainage basin 流域drainage system 水系drift dam冰碛坝drift plain冰碛平原drowned platform淹没台地drowned valley溺谷drusy texture 丛生结构dune 沙丘dune facies 沙丘相dwelling trail居住迹Eearly diagenesis 初期成岩作用earth 地球earth ’ s core地核earth ’ s crust地壳earth ’ s mantle地幔Echinoderm 棘皮动物Echinoid海胆类ecology 生态学economic geology 经济地质学edgewise structure 竹叶状结构effusive rock 喷出岩Eh value Eh 值electronic probe analysis 电子探针剖析elevated crust 抬生地壳eluvial breccia残积角砾岩eluvial facies残积相eluvial zone残积带embayment 海湾enclosed sea 关闭海end moraine facies 终冰碛相end peneplain 终期准平原endobiont 内栖动物endogenetic sediments 内成堆积物endogenic deposit 内生矿床endorheic basin 内流盆地Eocene Epoch 始新世eolian basin 风蚀盆地eolian cross bedding 风成交织层理eolian dune 风成沙丘eolianite 风成岩eonothem 宇epeiric sea 陆表海epibionts 底表生物epidiagenesis 表生成岩作用epidiagenetic environment表生成岩环境epigenesis 表生作用epigenetic concretion表生结核epigenetic deposit 后生矿床epiglyph顶面痕epimatrix外杂基epoch of mineralization成矿期epsilon cross bedding ε交织层理epsomite 泻利盐equant 等轴状erathem 界erosion 侵害作用erosional basis 侵害基准面erosional plain侵害平原erosional terrace 侵害阶地erosional topography 侵害地形escape structure 逃逸结构esker 蛇形丘essential mineral 主要矿物estuarine facies 河口湾相estuary 河口湾ething mark刻蚀痕eugeosyncline 优地槽euryhaline environment广盐度环境euryhaline lagoon 广盐泻湖euryhaline organism 广盐性生物eurythermal organism 广温性生物eutrophic lake兹养湖evaporation 蒸发生用evaporite 蒸发岩evaporite platform 蒸发盐台地evaporite-solution breccia 盐溶角砾岩evaporites 蒸发岩类evaporitive pumping dolomitization蒸发泵白云化作用excrement 排泄物exinite壳质组exogenetic sediments 表成堆积物experimental sedimentology 实验堆积学explanation for orientation 定向解说Ffabric 组构fabric of carbonate rock 碳酸盐岩组构fabric of claystone 黏土岩组构 facies相facies arrangement 相摆列facies association 相组合facies belt 相带facies change 相变facies fossil 指相化石facies group 相组facies map 相图facies mineral 指相矿物facies model 相模式facies province 相区facies sequence 相序列fan-shaped delta 扇形三角洲faro 小环礁fault 断层fault basin断陷盆地fauna 动物群fecal peloid粪球粒feeding trail进食迹feldspar 长石feldsparthic litharenite 长石岩屑砂岩feldsparthic quartzarenite 长石石英砂岩felty structure 毡状结构fenestral structure 窗孔结构ferroalumino suite 铝土铁质建筑ferrodolomite 铁白云石 ferromanganese concretion 铁锰结核 ferruginous cement 铁质胶结物 ferruginous quartzarenite 铁质石英砂岩 ferruginous rocks 铁质岩类ferruginous rock 铁质岩ferruginous shale 铁质页岩fibrous texture纤状结构filled valley冲淤谷filled-lake plain淤积湖平原film mat薄膜状藻席film texture薄膜结构fine conglomerate细砾岩fine sand 细砂fine silt细粉砂fine siltstone细粉砂岩finger bar 指状砂坝firth三角港fixed dune固定沙丘flame structure 火焰结构flaser bedding 脉状层理flat bedding平展层理flat mat 平展藻席flocculation 聚沉作用，絮凝作用flocculation by condensation 浓缩聚沉flocculation by electrolyte 电解质聚沉flood 洪水flooded lake 河漫湖flooded lake facies河漫湖泊相floodplain洪积平原floodplain facies洪积平原相flora 植物群flow system流动系fluid流体fluid dynamics流体动力学fluidized sediment flow液化堆积物流flume experiment 水槽实验fluorescence analysis 荧光剖析fluorite萤石fluroapatite氟磷灰石flute cast 槽模flute cast orientation槽模定向fluival environment and facies河流环境和相fluival system冲积系统fluival-dominated delta河控三角洲fluxoturbidite滑塌浊积岩flysch复理石flysch facies复理石相flyschoid类复理石flysch suite复理石建筑foliaton叶理footprint足印foraminifera reef limestone 有孔虫礁灰岩Foraminiferan 有孔虫类fore reef facies 礁前相forearc basin 弧前盆地foredeep basin 前渊盆地foreland basin 前陆盆地foreset 前积层foreshore facies 前滨相foreslope facies 前缘斜坡相forslope of platform 台地前缘斜坡formation 组fossil 化石fossil microtextures 生物显微结构fossil orientation 化石定向framework grain 骨粒francolite 碳氟磷灰石freeze thaw weathering 冻融风化frequency curve 频次曲线fresh water dolomitization 淡水白云石化作用fresh water dolostone 淡水白云岩 fresh-water lake 淡水湖freshened lagoon 淡化泻湖freshening environment 淡化环境front moraine facies 前积相front sand sheet facies 前缘席状砂相frost weathering 寒冻风化frost 霜面Froude ’ s Number 福劳德数fusulinid 蜓类fungi真菌Gganister 致密硅岩Gastropod 腹足类gelatinous mat 凝胶状藻席gelatinous phosphorite 胶状磷块岩geochemical methods 地球化学方法geochronologic scale 地质年月表geological record地质记录geomorphologic unit地貌单元geomorphology 地貌学 geopetalstructure 示底结构 geophysicalmethods 地球物理方法 geosuture 地缝合线geosyncline 地槽giant ripple巨波痕gibbsite 三水铝石gibbsitic rock三水铝土岩Gilbert type delta 吉尔伯特型三角洲glacial climate 冰川天气glacial environment and facies 冰川环境和相glacial erratics 冰川漂砾glacial morphology 冰川地貌glacial system 冰川系统glacial tongue 冰舌glacial valley冰蚀谷glacier 冰川glaciodelta 冰成三角洲 glaciodelta facies冰成三角洲相 glaciofluvial environment冰川冲积环境glaciofluvial facies 冰水冲积相 glaciofluvial terrace 冰水阶地 glaciolacustrine environment 冰川湖泊环境 glaciolacutrine facies 冰川湖泊相 glaciomarine environment 冰海环境 glaciomarine facies 冰海相glauconite 海绿石glauconitic quartzarenite海绿石石英砂岩global climate change 全世界天气变迁global rhythm and event 全世界韵律和事件global sea level fluctuation 全世界海平面起落global sedimentary geology program 全世界沉积地质计划global sedimentology全世界堆积学global volcanism 全世界火山作用 globigerina ooze 抱球虫软泥gneiss 片麻岩gobi 沙漠gobi facies 沙漠相Gondwana 冈瓦纳古陆 Gondwanaland bridge 冈瓦纳陆桥 grade scale粒级标准graded bedding 粒序层理grain dolostone 颗粒白云岩grain flow 颗粒流grain index 颗粒指数grain limestone 颗粒灰岩grain orientation 颗粒定向grain phosphorite 粒屑磷块岩grain size 粒度grain size analysis 粒度剖析grain size distribution 粒度散布grain size parameter 粒度参数grain supported 颗粒支撑grainstone 颗粒岩granite 花岗岩granular texture 粒状结构granule 细砾grapestone 葡萄石graptolite 笔石类gravel 砾gravel fabric砾石组构gravity cementation重力胶结gravity flow重力流greywacke 灰瓦克岩，硬砂岩，杂砂岩grazing trail 觅食迹green algae(chorophyte) 绿藻grey biterrigenous suite 灰色复陆屑建筑graywacke (greywacke) 硬砂岩greywacke suite 杂砂岩建筑groove cast 沟模group 群growth fabric生长组构guide fossil标记化石guyot 海底平顶山Gymnosperm 裸子植物gypsolith石膏岩gypsum 石膏gypsum evaporite suite 膏盐型蒸发岩建筑Hhail print雹痕halides 卤化物halite 石盐halloysite埃洛石halmyrolysis海解作用hardground structure 硬底结构heating stage 显微镜热台heavy mineral 重矿物heavy mineral analysis 重矿物剖析Helminthoida蠕踪迹Helminthopsis拟蠕踪迹helocline 盐度跃层hematite 赤铁矿hematitic rock赤铁岩hemipelagic carbonate facies 半远洋碳酸盐相hemipelagic environment半远洋环境hemipelagic facies model半远洋相模式hermatypic coral造礁珊瑚herringbone cross bedding 羽状交织层理heulanditic rock片沸石岩hiatus 堆积中断high moor 高位沼泽high water level 热潮面 high-angle cross bedding 高角度交织层理high-density current 高密度流 high-energy ooid 高能鲕 high-magnesian calcite 高镁方解石 high-ranksandstone 高级杂砂岩 high-sinuosity river 高弯度河highmoor peat 高沼泥炭highstand system tract 高水位系统域hill丘陵histogram 直方图history of sedimentology堆积学史Holocene Epoch 崭新世homopycnal flow等密度流honey comb structure 蜂窝状结构horizontal bedding 水平层理host rock 主岩hot sping 热泉hot water dolomitization热水白云石化作用hot water sedimentary rock热水堆积岩hot water sedimentation热水堆积作用HREE 重稀土元素humic acid腐殖酸humic substance 腐殖质humic-type kerogen腐殖型干酪根huminite腐殖组hummocky cross bedding丘状交织层理hybrid sediments混淆堆积物hydrated zone 水合带hydration 水合作用hydrocarbon烃hydrogen isotope 氢同位素hydrolysis水解作用hydrolysis zone水解带hydrosphere 水圈hydrothermal deposit热液矿床hydrothermally cemented rock热泉胶结岩Hyolithid软舌螺类hypabyssal rock 浅成岩hypergenic mineral 表生矿物Iice crystal cast 冰晶模ice sheet 冰盖ichnology古迹学ideal section 理想剖面igneous petrology火成岩石学igneous rock 火成岩illite 伊利石imbricated structure 叠瓦结构illite claystone 伊利石黏土岩immersion method 油浸法immersion oil 浸油indentation 凹坑index fossil 标准化石index of meandering 曲流指数index of sinuosity 弯度指数indication of oil and gas 油气显示Indo-China movement 印支运动inertinite 惰性组infrared absorption spectrum analysis 红外光谱剖析injective structure 注入结构inland basin 内地盆地 inlanddrainage 内地水系inland sabkha 内地萨勃哈inland sabkha facies 内地萨勃哈相inner bar 内沙坝inner bar facies 内沙坝相inner shelf内地棚inner shelf facies 内地棚相inter-reef facies 礁间相interarc basin 弧间盆地intercalated beds 隔层intercontinental rift 陆间裂谷interdistributary bay分流间湾interference colour干预色interference ripple干预波痕interference figure干预图interformational conglomerate 层间砾岩intergranular pore 粒间孔intergranular solution pore 粒间溶孔interlayered bedding 互层层理 intermittent suspended load 间歇悬浮载荷intermontane basin 山间盆地internal tide 内潮汐 internal-tidedeposits 内潮汐堆积 internalwave 内波 internal-wave deposits内波堆积International Association of Sedimentologists (IAS)国际堆积学家协会International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS)国际地科联interstitial water孔隙水interstitial material填隙物interstitial zone潮间带intra-arc basin 弧内盆地intrabasinal environment and facies内源堆积环境和相intrabasinal lake 盆内湖intrabasinal rock 盆内岩intrabasinal sediment 内源堆积物intraclast 内碎屑intraclastic limestone 内碎屑灰岩intraclastic phosphorite 内碎屑磷灰岩intracratonic basin 克拉通内盆地intraformational breccia 层内角砾岩intragranular pore 粒内孔 intragranular solution pore 粒内溶孔 intramicrite 内碎屑微晶灰岩 intramontane basin 山间盆地intrasparite 内碎屑亮晶灰岩 iinversegraded bedding 逆粒序层理 ionabsorption 离子吸附作用ion exchange 离子互换作用isolated platform孤立台地isolated ripple孤立波痕isolithic map等岩性图isopach cementation 等厚环边胶结isopachous map 等厚线图Isopodichnus 等趾迹isotope abundance 同位素丰度isotope composition 同位素构成isotope dating 同位素定年isotope fractionation 同位素分馏isotope fractionation factor 同位素分馏系数isotope ratio 同位素比值 isotope standard 同位素标准isotopic age 同位素年纪isotopic geochemistry 同位素地球化学isotropic fabric 等向组构Jjasper rock 碧玉岩jasper suite 碧石建筑Jurassic Period 侏罗纪Kkame 冰碛kaolinic claystone 高岭石黏土岩kaolinite 高岭石karst breccia 岩溶角砾岩karst lake 岩溶湖karst morphology岩溶地貌kerogen 干酪根kidney-like hematitic rock 肾状赤铁岩kidney-shaped texture 肾状结构 knoband tail mark 丘尾痕kurtosis 尖度Llacustrine 湖泊的，湖成的lacustrine system 湖泊系统lag facies 滞留相lagoon 泻湖lagoon facies 泻湖相lake delta 湖泊三角洲lake delta facies 湖泊三角洲相lamellar fibrous texture 层纤结构lamina 细层laminar flow 层流laminated texture 片状结构landslide 滑坡late diagenesis 后期成岩作用lateral accretion 侧向加积lateral erosion 侧向侵害lateral facies change 侧向相变laterite 红土lateritic bauxitic rock 红土型铝土岩laterized stage 红土阶段lattice structure 晶格状结构lava fragment 浆屑layered moraine 层状冰积物leaching zone 淋滤带legend 图例lenticular bedding 透镜状层理lenticulite 扁豆状熔灰岩levee facies 堤岸相Liesegang banding 李泽冈环lime clast 灰屑lime dolostone 灰云岩lime mud 灰泥lime mudstone 灰泥岩lime-mud matrix 灰泥基质lime-mud mound 灰泥丘limestone 石灰岩limestones 灰岩类limnic basin 陆相含煤盆地limnogenic rock 淡水堆积岩limonite 褐铁矿limonite rock褐铁岩linear contact 线接触linear sand bar 线形砂坝lineation线理link single crystal texture 连生单晶结构litharenite 岩屑砂岩lithic arkose岩屑长石砂岩lithic fragment岩石碎屑lithic graywacke岩屑杂砂岩lithic quartzarenite岩屑石英砂岩lithic tuff岩屑凝灰岩lithofacies岩相lithofacies map岩相图lithofication石化作用lithoherm岩礁lithologic column 岩性柱状图lithologic section 岩性剖面lithosphere 岩石圈 lithostratigraphic unit 岩性地层单位 lithostratigraphy岩石地层学 lithotype 煤岩种类 littoral dune 沿岸沙丘littoral zone滨海带load cast 重荷模lobate bedding 叶状层理loess 黄土loess concretion 黄土结核loess facies 黄土相loess field 黄土原logging测井lognormal distribution 对数正态散布longitudinal bar 纵向砂坝 longitudinal section 纵剖面 longshore bar 沿岸砂坝 longshore current 沿岸流Lophocteniun 菊瓣迹 low moor 低位沼泽low water level低潮面low-angle cross bedding 低角度交织层理low-density current 低密度流low-density turbidity current 低密度浊流low-rank sandstone 初级杂砂岩low-sinuosity river 低弯度河lower flow regime 下部流态lowsand system tract 低水位系统域LREE 轻稀土元素lump 团块lump limestone 团块灰岩lump micrite limestone 团块微晶灰岩lump phosphorite 团块磷块岩lump sparite limestone 亮晶团块灰岩Mmacroclastic rock粗碎屑岩macrofossil 大化石macroid 大包粒magma 岩浆magmatic deposit 岩浆矿床magmatic rock岩浆岩magmatism 岩浆作用magnesite 菱镁矿magnetic element 地磁因素magnetic pole 地磁极magnetic pole wandering 地磁极游移magnetic stratigraphy 磁性地层学magnetite 磁铁矿magnetitic rock磁铁岩main river干流mammal 哺乳动物manganiferous carbonate rock 锰质碳酸盐岩manganiferous claystone 锰质黏土岩manganiferous concretion 锰结核manganiferous concretional rock 锰质结核岩manganiferous rock 锰质岩 manganiferous rocks 锰质岩类 manganiferous siliceous rock 锰质硅质岩manganiferous clastic rock 锰质碎屑岩manganite 水锰矿mantle convection 地幔对流marchasite 白铁矿marginal platform边沿台地marginal sea 陆缘海marine bench 海蚀台marine cliff海蚀崖marine diagenetic environment 海水成岩环境marine drift 漂流marine environment and facies 大海环境和相marine facies 海相marine phreatic zone 海水潜流带marine salina 滨海盐沼marine vadose zone 海水渗流带Markov chain analysis 马尔可夫链剖析marl 泥灰岩marsh 沼泽marsh environment and facies 沼泽环境和相massive bedding 块状层理 massive flow 块体流matrix杂基matrix supported 杂基支撑maturity analysis 成熟度剖析maturity index 成熟度指数mean 均值mean grain size 均匀粒度mean high water level 均匀热潮面mean low water level 均匀低潮面mean range 均匀潮差 mean sealevel 均匀海平面meander belt 曲流带meander scroll 曲流涡形坝meandering river蛇形河meandering river曲流河measured section 实测剖面mechanical sedimentary differentiation机械堆积分异mechanical transportation and deposition机械搬运和堆积medial moraine facies中碛相median grain size 中值粒度Mediterranean sea 地中海medium conglomerate 中粒砾岩medium of transportation and sedimenation搬运和堆积介质medium sand 中砂megaripple 大波痕meltout till融出碛member 段meniscus cementation 新月形胶结Merostomichnites肢口迹Mesozoic Era 中生代 metallicmineral 金属矿物 metallic ore 金属矿产 metallogenetic epoch 成矿时代metallogenic belt 成矿带metallogenic province 成矿区metamorphic age 变质年纪metamorphic belt 变质带metamorphic deposit 变质矿床metamorphic facies 变质相metamorphic grade 变质程度metamorphic petrology 变质岩石学metamorphic rock 变质岩metamorphism 变质作用meteoric diagenetic environment淡水成岩环境meteoric phreatic zone 淡水潜流带meteoric vadose zone 淡水渗流带meteoric water 大气降水mica 云母micrite微晶micrite cementation泥晶胶结micritic allochemical limestone泥晶异化粒灰岩。
地质词汇(汉英)
汉英水文气象地质词汇板块plate (英汉常用地质学词汇)伴生矿物accompying mineral (北东北north northeast北北东north northeast北北西north northeast北偏东north by east北偏西north by west北西北north northeast北极Northh Pole北极光Northern Lights北极星North Star贝壳shell贝壳壮conchoidal (英汉常用地质学词汇)变形交错层理deformed cross-bedding (英汉常用地质学词汇)标准贯入试验孔standard penetration test hole表土topsoil (广东省勘察设计院)不均匀沉陷differential settlement (英汉常用地质学词汇)不透水层confining stratum (英汉常用地质学词汇)不液化土层理bedding场地类别场地土沉积层sedimentary strata(广东省勘察设计院)成因类型genetic type持力层冲积土alluvium (英汉常用地质学词汇)错位构造dislocation structure (英汉常用地质学词汇)大沽高程Dagu altitude等高线contour line (英汉常用地质学词汇)等高线图contour map (英汉常用地质学词汇)等温层homothermy等效剪切波速值地表浅层潜水surface shallow layer地层stratum (英汉土木工程辞海)地层年代地基土foundation soil地形图topographic map (英汉土木工程辞海)地势terrain; geographical features (英汉土木工程辞海)√地质年代geologic time （美国传统词典）(英汉常用地质学词汇)√地质地层geological stratigraphy (欧洲标准)第四纪沉积Quaternary deposit (英汉汉英土木工程词汇)第四纪沉积、洪积层quaternary alluvial-proluvial layer (南海石化项目招标书) 第四系quaternary; quaternary system (汉英地质大词典)第四系松散堆积层quaternary system第I相浅海相沉积层顶板apical plate；hanger；hanging layer；hat；stegidium；top layer；upper plate (汉英地质大词典)顶板标高顶板高度roof elevation?东北偏北northeast by north东北方向northeastward东东北ENE = east northeast东东南ESE = east southeast东南偏东southeast by east东南偏南east by north东偏北east by north东偏南east by south冻胀性土swelling soil断层fault堆积层分级荷重压缩模量粉砂silty sand (广东省勘察设计院)；silt (汉英常用地质词汇)√粉砂壤土silty soils (欧洲标准)粉砂粘土silty clay (广东省勘察设计院)粉土silt (汉英建筑大词典); silty soil (汉英建筑大词典)粉土层silt stratum (英汉汉英电力工程技术词典)√粉质粘土silty clay (汉英建筑工程词典) (英汉道路工程词汇)(南海石化项目招标书)粉油砂powdery kir风成的,风积的eolian风化wearing风蚀eolation盖层covering strata (英汉常用地质学词汇)高程系数elevation factor (英汉常用地质学词汇)工程地质层工程地质亚层engineering geology(汉英建筑工程词典)河漫滩alluvial flat (英汉汉英土木工程词汇)海漫滩相沉积层海相沉积marine deposit (广东省勘察设计院)海相沉积层marine deposit layer (广东省勘察设计院)寒带frigid zone鉴别孔discrimination hole汉白玉white marble厚度加权平均值灰质粘土adobe (英汉常用地质学词汇)滑动劈理crenulation cleavage (英汉常用地质学词汇)基槽开挖基本地基加速度基准点datum point (英汉土木工程辞海)基准面base level (英汉常用地质学词汇)击数挤压构造带compressed zone (英汉常用地质学词汇)交错层理cross stratification (英汉常用地质学词汇)角砾混合岩agmatite (英汉常用地质学词汇)角砾片麻岩agmatitegnesis ? (英汉常用地质学词汇)接地层年代接力变质（作用）constructive metamorphism (英汉常用地质学词汇)解理cleavage (英汉常用地质学词汇)阶地terrace (英汉常用地质学词汇)界限最大值进尺footage (汉英常用地质词汇)静力触探桩static sounding pile静力触探static sounding, cone penetration静力触探锥尖阻力resistance between static penetrating cores静压预制桩静止水位rest water level勘探点可塑偏软plastic to soft孔口hole top (汉英地质大词典)矿体圈定delineation of ore deposits(英汉常用地质学词汇)流沙drift sand (英汉常用地质学词汇)露头outcrop (英汉常用地质学词汇)煤层coal seam (英汉常用地质学词汇)煤库coal store煤系coal measures(英汉常用地质学词汇)摩阻比friction to resistance ratio南东南south southeast南西南south southwest南偏东south by east南偏西south by west泥炭层peat bed平峒adit (英汉常用地质学词汇)平巷drift (英汉常用地质学词汇)浅海相沉积层shallow marine deposit前寒武纪The Precambrian Era (美国传统词典)浅基础持力层bearing stratum of shallow foundation轻亚粘土light loam坡积物slop wash (广东省勘察设计院)区域地质资料全新统上组第I陆相层河流Holocene(Postglacial) series全新统下组第II陆相沼泽相沉积层全新统中组第I海相扰动地层disturbed strata (英汉常用地质学词汇)扰动土disturbed soil (英汉常用地质学词汇)扰动样disturbed sample上更新统epipleistocene (英汉地质大词典) upper Pleistocene series 上更新统三组第IV陆相河床河漫滩相沉积层上更新统四组第II海相滨海潮汐带相沉积层上更新统五组第III相河床河漫滩相沉积始新世Eoocene epoch试验孔test borehole水成岩hydrotogenous rock松散地层ravelly ground （汉英地质大词典）松散堆积层水平层理horizontal bedding素填土土层soil strata(广东省勘察设计院)土工试验soil test土石屑垫层土样soil sample (广东省勘察设计院)物理力学性质西北偏北northwest by north西北偏西northeast by west西偏北west by north西偏南west southwest西西北west northwest西西南west southwest系system (英汉常用地质学词汇)寒武系Cambrian system (英汉常用地质学词汇)下第三纪eogene (period)下降descending (英汉常用地质学词汇)祥查detailed survey (英汉常用地质学词汇)详细勘探detailed exploration (prospecting) (英汉常用地质学词汇)相互作用coaction (英汉常用地质学词汇)新生代Kainozoic era压缩模量compression modulus压缩性土compressible soil亚层subhorizon; sub-layer (广东省勘察设计院)亚粘土clayey soil亚相subfacies (英汉常用地质学词汇)岩土工程技术规范岩土工程勘察规范岩心core (英汉常用地质学词汇)岩心记录drill record (英汉常用地质学词汇)岩性lithology淤泥质粘土soft clay原位测试in-situ measurement原生水juvenile water; connate water (英汉常用地质学词汇) 圆锥贯入试验cone penetration test (CPT) (广东省勘察设计院)圆锥贯入仪cone penetrometer (英汉土木工程辞海)云母mica早第三纪eogene (period)蒸发量evaporation discharge中等风化岩moderately weathered rock (广东省勘察设计院)中等压缩性土中软场地土株罗纪Jurassic Period柱状构造columnar structure (英汉常用地质学词汇) 柱状节理columnar jointing (英汉常用地质学词汇) 桩端持力层桩基子样钻机drill rig (英汉常用地质学词汇)钻井记录drill log (英汉常用地质学词汇)钻孔borehole; drill hole (英汉常用地质学词汇)钻孔记录borehole records (广东省勘察设计院)钻孔位置borehole location钻孔取样dill hole sampling (英汉常用地质学词汇)钻孔柱状图drill column (英汉常用地质学词汇)drill hole columnar section (英汉常用地质学词汇) 钻探取样试验孔subsurface sample test hole坐标系coordinate system (英汉常用地质学词汇)褐黄土brownish yellow soil。
地质专业英语词汇(N
地质专业英语词汇(N地质专业英语词汇(N-P)地质专业英语词汇(N-P)nacreous layer 珍珠层nacreous structure 珍珠构造nacrite 珍珠陶土nadorite 氯锑铅矿naegite 苗木石nagatelite 磷褐帘石nagyagite 叶碲矿nahcolite 重碳钠盐nail 指甲nakhlite 透橄无球粒陨石nantokite 铜盐naphthabitumen 石脑油沥青naphthene 环烷naphthene base crude oil 环烷基油naphthene index 环烷烃指数naphthenic acid 环烷酸naphtholite 沥青页岩nappe 推复体narrow gorge 嶂谷narsarsukite 短柱石nasal bone 鼻骨nasal capsule 鼻甲nasal cavity 鼻腔nasonite 氯硅钙铅矿natality 生产率native asphalt 天然沥青native copper 自然铜native element 天然元素native gold 自然金native mercury 自然汞native platinum 自然铂native silver 自然银natrite 泡碱natrium 钠natrochalcite 钠铜矾natrolite 钠沸石natron 泡碱natronorthoclase 钠正长石natronsanidine 钠透长石natrophilite 磷钠锰矿natural asphalt 天然沥青natural classification 自然分类natural coke 天然焦炭natural discharge 天然排泄natural frequency 固有频率natural gas 天然气natural geologic hazard 自然地质灾害natural heat flow 天然热流natural levee 天然堤natural load 自然负荷natural products 天然产物natural radioactive element 天然放射性元素natural radioactivity 天然放射性natural remanent magnetism 天然剩余磁性natural remanent magnetization 自然残余磁化natural selection 自然选择natural solid bitumen 天然固体沥青natural stream 天然河流natural succession 自然演替natural ventilation 自然通风natural water 天然水natural water level 自然水位nature preservation 自然保护naujakasite 瑙云母naumannite 硒银矿nautiloids 鹦鹉螺类nautilus 鹦鹉螺navicular 舟状的neanderthal man 尼安德特人neap tide 小潮near earthquake 近地震neck 岩颈necton 自游生物needle ironstone 针铁石nefedievite 红坚岭石negative crystal 负晶体negative delta 三角湾状三角洲negative element 阴性元素negative ion 负离子negative relief 负地形negative valence 负原子价nelsonite 钛铁磷灰岩nemathelminthes 线形动物类nematoblastic 纤状变晶质nematomorphic 纤维状的nemerteans 纽形动物类nenadkevite 硅钙铅铀矿neo ice age 新冰期neocomian 尼欧克姆阶neodymium 钕neogene 新第三纪neoglaciation 新冰期neolite 新石neolithic age 新石票代neolithic era 新石票代neometamorphism 新变质酌neon 氖neotantalite 黄钽铁矿neotectonic element 新构造单元neotectonic period 新构造期neotectonics 新构造学neoteny 幼态持续neotocite 水锰辉石neotropical region 新热带区neotype 新模neozoic era 新生代nepheline 霞石nepheline basalt 霞石玄武岩nepheline porphyry 霞石斑岩nepheline syenite 霞石正长岩nephelinite 霞石岩nephelinization 霞石化nephelometry 浊度测定nephrite 软玉nepouite 镍绿泥石neptunian theory 水成论neptunism 水成论neptunium 镎neritic sea 浅海neritic sediments 浅海沉积nerve 叶脉nesosilicates 岛状硅酸盐nest like ore body 鸡窝状矿体net 网net production 净产量netted venation 网状脉network structure 网状结构neutral humus 中性腐殖质neutral micelle 中性胶粒neutrality point 中性点neutron 中子neutron activation analysis 中子活化分析neutron capture 中子捕获neutron diffraction 中子衍射neutron energy 中子能量neutron epithermal neutron log 中子超热中子测井neutron generator 中子发生器neutron multiplication factor 中子的增殖系数neutron neutron log 中子中子测井neutron proton ratio 中子数与质子数比率neutron source 中子源neutron thermal neutron log 中子热中子测井nevadite 斑烈neve 粒雪neve basin 粒雪盆new global tectonics 新全球构造学new world 新世界newberyite 镁磷石newlandite 顽火榴辉石newyanskite 亮铱锇矿nickel 镍nickel ore 镍矿nicol's prisma 尼科耳棱镜nicolayite 硅铅钍铀矿nife 镍铁带niggli value 尼格理值niggliite 碲铂矿niobite 铌铁矿niobium 铌nitrate 硝酸盐nitratine 钠硝石nitratite 钠硝石nitric acid 硝酸nitrification 硝化酌nitrifying bacteria 硝化细菌nitrite 亚硝酸盐nitrobaryte 钡硝石nitrocalcite 钙硝石nitrogen 氮nitrogen compounds in petroleum 石油含氮化合物nitrogen content of coal 煤中氮nitrogen cycle 氮循环nitromagnesite 镁硝石nitronatrite 钠硝石nitrous acid 亚硝酸nival belt 雪带nivation 雪蚀酌nivenite 钇铀矿nobelium 锘noble metal 贵金属noble opal 贵蛋白石nocerite 针六方石node 节nodular 结核状的nodule 结核;结枝nomenclature 命名法nominal 命名的nominal diameter 标称直径nomogram 列线图non polar bond 非极性键non polar linkage 非极性键nonadiabatic change 非绝热变化nonangular unconformity 假整合nonbedded 非成层的nonbonding electron 非结合电子noncoking coal 非粘结性煤noncommercial reserves 表外储量nonconformity 不整合nondiastrophism 非构造变动nonequilibrium state 非平衡状态nonferrous metal 非铁金属nonmetal 非金属nonpolar 非极性的nonpolar molecule 非极性分子nonpolarizing electrode 不极化电极nonrotational deformation 非转动变形nonsequent fold 限制褶皱nonsteady 非稳定的nontectonic joint 非构造节理nontectonic process 非构造酌nontronite 绿脱石nonuniformity 不均匀性norbergite 块硅镁石nordite 硅钠锶镧石nordmarkite 英碱正长岩norian stage 诺利克阶noric stage 诺利克阶norite 苏长岩norm 标准矿物成分normal curve 标准曲线normal depth 正常深度normal device 电位电极系normal dispersion 正常色散normal distribution 正态分布normal electric field 正常电场normal epoch 正常时期normal fault 正断层normal field 正常场normal fold 正褶皱normal geomagnetic porality epoch 正磁极期normal gravity 正常重力normal magnetic field 正常磁场normal metamorphism of coal 煤正常变质normal order 正常层序normal projection 正轴投影normal solution 规定溶液normal state 正常态normal stress 法向应力normal succession 正常层序normal temperature 正常温度normal velocity 法向速度normal vibration 简正振动normality 规定浓度normative mineral 标准矿物norsethite 菱钡镁石north atlantic massif 北大误地块north latitude 北纬north pole 北极northeast pacific ridge 北潍平洋海岭northern alpine foreland 北部阿尔卑斯前沿地nosean 方石noseanite 方岩noselite 方石notochord 脊索noumeite 滑硅镍矿novacekite 水砷镁铀矿nuclear binding energy 核结合能nuclear charge 核电荷nuclear chemistry 核化学nuclear disintegration 核衰变nuclear emulsion 原子核照相乳胶nuclear energy level 核能级nuclear fuel 核燃料nuclear geology 核地质学nuclear magnetic log 核磁测井nuclear magnetic moment 核磁矩nuclear magnetic resonance 核磁共振nuclear model 核模型nuclear separation 核分离nuclear stability 核稳定性nucleic acid 核酸nuclen 核子nucleostratigraphy 核地层学nucleus of crystallization 晶核nuclide 核素nuclide chart 同位素表nugget 块金null valence 零价number of free radicals 自由基数numerical method 数值法numerical solution 数值解nummulites 货币石类nunatak 冰原石山nutrient 养分nutrition 营养nutritive salt 营养盐nutritive substance 养分nutritive value 营养价值nutty structure 核状结构oasis 绿州obduction 仰冲obduction plate 仰冲板块obduction zone 仰冲带objective 接物镜objective analysis 客观分析oblique extinction 斜消光oblique fault 斜断层oblique fold 斜卧褶皱oblique joint 斜节理oblique projection 斜投影oblique slip fault 斜滑断层oblong 长方形的oborite 鄂博矿obsequent fault line scarp 逆断线崖obsequent river 逆向河observation 观测observation field 观测场observation network 观测网observation well 观测孔observational error 观察误差obsidian 黑曜岩occasional species 偶见种ocean 大洋ocean bed 洋底ocean current 海流ocean floor 洋底ocean floor fracture zone 洋底断裂带ocean floor spreading 海底扩张ocean wave 大洋波浪oceanic craton 洋台oceanic crust 海洋地壳oceanic island 海洋岛oceanic ridge tholeiite 洋脊拉斑玄武岩oceanic rise 大洋中隆oceanic tholeiite 海洋性拉斑玄武岩oceanic water 大洋水oceanite 大洋岩oceanization 海洋化酌oceanographical remote sensing 海洋遥感oceanology 海洋学ocellar 眼班状的ocellus 单眼ochre 舣ochrea 托叶鞘octahedrite 八面石octahedron 八面体octophyllite 八叶云母ocular 目镜odd pinnate 奇数羽状的odinite 拉辉煌斑岩odometer 里程表odontoid 齿状的odontolite 齿绿松石oersted 奥斯忒offlap 退复offretite 菱钾铝矿offset 支脉offset well 探边井offshore 外滨offshore bar 滨外洲offshore coring drilling 近海浅钻钻探offshore drilling 近海钻井offshore drilling rig 海上钻探装置offshore oil drilling 海上石油钻探ohmic resistance 欧姆阻抗oikesis 定居oil 油oil accumulating area 聚油面积oil accumulation 油池oil basin 油田oil bearing 含油的oil bearing rock 油母岩oil bearing structure 储油构造oil damping 油减震oil deposit 石油矿床oil field 油田oil field water 油田水oil gas 油气oil geology 石油地质学oil horizon 含油层oil indication 石油显示oil layer 含油层oil measure 油层;油贮oil pool 油池oil production 采油oil sand 油砂oil saturation 油饱和率oil seepage 油苗oil shale 油母页岩oil stone 油石oil trap 油捕oil well 油井okenite 水硅钙石olafite 钠长石old stage 老年期old stone age 旧石票代old valley 老年谷old world 旧世界oldhamite 褐硫钙石;陨硫钙石oligocene 渐新世oligoclase 奥长石oligonite 菱锰铁矿oligosite 奥长岩oligotrophic 寡养的oligotrophic lake 寡养湖olistolith 滑动岩体olistostrome 重力滑动沉积olivenite 橄榄铜矿olivine 橄榄石olivine basalt 橄件武岩olivinfree basalt 无橄件武岩ollenite 绿帘金红角闪片岩omphacite 绿辉石one electron bond 单电子键onkilonite 橄辉霞岩onlap 海侵超覆onofrite 硒汞矿ontogenetic 个体发生的ontogeny 个体发生学ontogeny of minerals 矿物发生学onyx 缟玛瑙oogonium 卵原细胞oolite 鲕状岩oolitic 鲕状的oolitic iron ore deposit 鲡状铁矿床oolitic limestone 鲕状灰岩oolitic structure 鲡状构造ooze 软泥opacite 不透蔑opacite margin 不透眠缘opal 蛋白石opalization 蛋白石化opalize 使呈乳白状open circuit 开路open cut mining 露天采矿open cut ore mine 露天开采矿山open cut working 露天采矿open fault 张开断层open fold 敞开褶皱open hearth 平炉open pit method 露天开采法open pit quarry 露天矿场open stope method 空场回采法open stope mining 空场回采法open system 开放系统open tube analysis 开管分析open type geothermal reservoir 开放式地热储opening of mines 矿体开发operculum 鳃盖ophicalcite 蛇纹大理岩ophiolite 蛇绿岩ophiolite formation 蛇绿岩建造ophiolitic melange 蛇绿混杂岩ophite 纤闪辉绿岩ophitic texture 辉绿结构ophyolitic complex 蛇绿岩复合体opposite 对生的opposite phyllotaxis 对生叶序optic axis 光轴optic binormals 光轴副法线optic biradial 副光轴optic elasticity axes 光学弹性轴optical activity 旋光性optical angle 光轴角optical anisotropy 光学蛤异性optical anomaly 光性异常optical character 光性optical constant 光性常数optical dispersion 色散optical indicatrix 光率体optical isotropy 光学蛤同性optical orientation 光性方位optical phenomenon 光学现象optical section 光切面optical strain 光性变形optical system 光学系统optical twin 巴潍晶optically anisotropic 光学异向性的optically biaxial 双光轴的optically isotropic 光性均质的optically negative 负光性的optically positive 正光性的optically uniaxial 单光轴的optimization 最佳化oral appendage 口肢oral arm 口腕orangite 橙黄石orbicular 球状的orbicular granite 球状花岗岩orbital electron 轨道电子order 目order of crystallization 结晶顺序ordinary chernozem 普通黑土ordinary light 普通光线ordovician 奥陶纪ore 矿石ore bearing 含矿的ore bed 矿层ore bin 矿仓ore block 矿段ore bringer 运矿岩ore bunch 矿袋ore chimney 管状矿体ore column 矿柱ore complex 矿石复合ore core 矿心ore course 富矿体ore dampness 矿石湿度ore deposit 矿床ore dilution 矿石贫化ore dressing 选矿ore fines 粉矿ore formation 矿石建造ore grade 矿石品级ore hardness 矿硬ore leaching 矿石浸出ore losses 矿石损失ore mineral 金属矿物ore nest 矿巢ore pillar 矿柱ore pipe 管状矿体ore pocket 矿袋ore reserve 矿储藏量ore rock 含矿岩ore shoot 富矿体ore sort 矿石工业品级ore stock 矿储藏量oreforming element 成矿元素orford process 奥福特法organ 瀑organic acid 有机酸organic compound 有机化合物organic deposits 有机沉积organic geochemistry 有机地球化学organic matter 有机物organic matter content 有机物质含量organic pigment 有机颜料organic pollution 有机污染organic remains 有机残余物organic rock 有机岩organic sediments 有机沉积物organic silt 泥炭粘土organism 生物organogenic 有机生成的organometallic compound 有机金属化合物orictocoenosis 生物化石群落orientation 定向orientation of crystal 晶体定位oriented thin section 定向薄片orientite 锰柱石origin 起原origin of life 生命起原original dip 原生倾斜original interstice 原生空隙original order 原层序ornamental stone 装饰石ornamentation 纹饰ornithology 鸟类学orocline 造山带弯曲orogen 造山地带orogenesis 造山运动orogenetic 造山的orogenetic movements 造山运动orogenic 造山的orogenic belt 造山带orogenic cycle 造山旋回orogenic hydrothermal deposit 造山热液矿床orogenic phase 造山相orogenic zone 造山带orogeny 造山运动ort 横巷orthite 褐帘石orthoaxis 正轴orthochronology 标准地质年代学orthoclase 正长石orthoclasite 微正长岩orthoclastization 正长石化orthoconglomerate 正砾岩orthocumulate 正堆积岩orthodiadochite 磷铁华orthodiagonal axis 正轴orthodolomite 正白云石orthodome 正轴坡面orthoevolution 直向进化orthofelsite 正长霏细岩orthogenesis 直向演化orthogeosynclinal system 正地槽系orthogeosyncline 正地槽orthogneiss 正片麻岩orthogonality 正交orthographic projection 正射投影ortholimestone 正石灰石orthomagmatic deposit 正岩浆矿床orthomagmatic stage 正岩浆期orthometamorphism 正变质酌orthometamorphite 正变质岩orthomigmatite 正混合岩orthophotomap 正射投影像片组合图orthophyre 正长斑岩orthophyric 正斑状的orthopinacoid 正轴轴面orthoplatform 正地台orthoprism 正轴柱orthopyramid 正轴锥orthopyroxene 斜方辉石orthopyroxenite 斜方辉岩orthorhombic 斜方的orthorhombic system 斜方晶系orthoschist 火成片岩orthoscope 直光镜orthoselection 直向选择orthosilicate 正硅酸盐orthosite 粗粒正长岩orthostratigraphy 正交地层学orthosyenite 钾质正长岩orthotectonics 正构造ortlerite 闪斑玢岩ortstein 硬盘oryctogeology 化石地质学oryctognosy 地物学oryctology 化石学osannite 钠闪石osbornite 陨氯钛矿oscillation theory 颤动说oscillatory ripples 对称波痕oscillatory twinning 反复双晶osmiridium 铱锇矿osmium 锇osmotic equilibrium 渗透平衡osmotic force 渗透力osmotic pressure 渗透压ossicle 小骨ossification 骨化osteal 骨的ostium 小孔ostracodermi 甲胄鱼纲ostraite 磁铁尖晶辉岩otavite 菱镉矿ottrelite 粒硬绿泥石ouachitite 黑云沸煌岩outcrop 露头outer core 外核outer electron 外电子outer lip 外唇outer shell 外电子层outer shell electron 外电子outer sublittoral zone 底亚滨海带outflow 瘤outflow lake 外窿outlier 老围层outline 轮廓output voltage 输出电压outside balance reserves 表外储量outwash 冰水沉积outwash gravel 冰水砾outwash plain 冰水沉积平原oval 卵圆形的ovate 卵圆形的over load 过负荷overall output 总产量overburden 表土;复盖岩层;盖岩层overburden pressure 积土压力overcast sky 阴天overflow 泛滥overflow dam 溢劣overflow weir 溢劣overfold 倒转褶皱overground part 地上部分overhand stope 上向梯段回采工祖overland flow 表面径流overland runoff 地表径流overlap 超复overlap trap 超复圈闭overlying strata 覆层overlying strata of coal measures 煤系盖层overpressure 过压overriding plate 上冲板块oversaturated rock 过饱和岩oversize 筛上产品oversize product 筛上产品overthrust 逆掩断层overthrust block 掩冲体overthrust mass 掩冲体overthrust plane 逆掩断层面overthrust sheet 逆掩层overthrusting plate 上冲板块overturn 倒转overturned anticline 倒转背斜overturned fold 倒转褶皱overturned succession of strata 倒转层序overturning 倒转ovule 胚珠oxalate 草酸盐oxalic acid 草酸oxalite 草酸铁矿oxbow lake 牛角湖oxfordian 牛津阶oxidability 易氧化度oxidation potential 氧化势oxidation reduction cycle 氧化还原循环oxidation reduction potential 氧化还原势oxidation reduction system 氧化还原系oxidation state 氧化状态oxidation zone 氧化带oxidation zone of sulphide deposits 硫化物矿床氧化带oxide 氧化物oxidizability 易氧化度oxidize 氧化oxidized ore 氧化矿石oxidizing roasting 氧化焙烧oxydate 氧化沉积物oxygen 氧oxygen content of coal 煤中氧oxygen cycle 氧的循环oxygen demand 需氧量oxygen isotope method 氧同位素法oxygen logging 氧测井oxygen partial pressure 氧分压力oxyphile elements 亲氧元素oyamalite 稀土锆石ozocerite 地蜡ozokerite 地蜡ozonosphere 臭氧层pachnolite 霜晶石pacific geosyncline 太平洋地槽pacific suite 太平洋岩群pack ice 浮冰packing 充填paehoehoe lava 波纹熔岩pagodite 叶蜡石pahoehoe lava 波纹熔岩paigeite 硼铁矿painite 红硅硼铝钙石pair production 偶生成paired fins 偶paired metamorphic belt 双变质带pairing of electrons 生成电子对paisanite 钠闪微岗岩palaeobiology 古生物学palaeontology 古生物学palaeosedimentology 古沉积学palaeotectonics 古地质构造学palagonite 橙玄玻璃palaite 红磷锰矿palate 口盖palatine 腭骨palatinite 直辉中基性岩paleo oceanography 古海洋学paleo plate tectonics 古板块构造paleoanthropology 古人类学paleoarctic subregion 古北亚区paleoautochthon 古原地岩paleobathymetric map 古等深线图paleobiocenose 古生物群落paleobiocenosis 古生物群落paleobiochemistry 古生物化学paleobiogeographic province 古生物地理区paleobiogeography 古生物地理学paleobiology 古生物学paleobotanic province 古植物地理区paleobotany 古植物学paleocene 古新世paleochannel 古水道paleoclimate 古气候paleoclimatology 古气候学paleoecology 古生态学paleoenvironment 古环境paleogene 老第三纪paleogenetics 古遗传学paleogeographical map 古地理图paleogeography 古地理学paleogeology 古地质学paleogeomorphic trap 古地貌圈闭paleogeomorphology 古地貌学paleogeophysics 古地球物理学paleoichnology 古遗迹学paleoichtyology 古鱼类学paleoisotherm 古等温线paleolithic age 旧石票代paleomagnetism 古地磁paleometamorphism 古变质酌paleontological facies 古生物相paleontology 古生物学paleophyre 古云英斑岩paleophytic era 古植物代paleophytology 古植物学paleopole 古极paleosalinity 古盐度paleosome 古残体paleostructure 古构造paleotectonic 古构造的paleotemperature 古温度paleotropical region 古热带区paleotypal 古相的paleovolcanic 古火山的paleozoic era 古生代paleozoologic province 古动物地理区paleozoology 古动物学palermoite 柱磷锶锂矿palichnology 古遗迹学palimpsest 变余构造palingenesis 再生palingenetic granite 再生花岗岩palingenetic petrographic province 再生岩区palingenite 再生岩palinspastic map 复原地图palinspastic reconstruction 空间复原palladinite 方铂矿palladium 钯pallasite 石铁陨石pallial eye 外套眼pallial groove 套膜沟pallial line 套线palmate 掌状的palmate leaf 掌状叶palmate nerve 掌状脉palmate vein 掌状脉palmierite 硫钾钠铅矿palpon 触管paludal 沼泽的paludification 沼泽化palygorskite 坡缕石palynoflora 孢粉植物群palynology 孢粉学palynostratigraphy 孢粉地层学pampas 滂沛大草原pan geosyncline 泛地槽pan platform 泛陆台panallotriomorphic granular 全他形晶粒状的panallotriomorphoblastic 全他形变晶的pandermite 白硼钙石pangaea 泛古陆pangeosyncline hypothesis 泛地槽说panidiomorphic 全自形的panning 淘洗panning plate 淘砂盘pantellerite 碱烈pantograph 缩放仪pantometer 万测仪para amphibolite 副闪岩paraallochthon 准移置体parabola of cohesion 内聚力抛物线paracelsian 副钡长石parachronology 实际年代学parachrysotile 副纤维蛇纹石paraclase 断层裂缝paraconformity 似整合paraconglomerate 副砾岩paracoquimbite 紫铁矾paracrosis 脱色paradoxite 肉红长石paraendokinetic crystallization 副内动结晶paraffine base crude oil 石蜡基油paragenesis 共生parageosyncline 副地槽paragneiss 副片麻岩paragonite 钠云母parahopeite 磷锌矿paralaurionite 单斜水氯铅矿paraliageosyncline 滨海地槽paralic 近海的paralimestone 副灰岩parallax 视差parallel 平行的parallel banded structure 平行带状构造parallel cleavage 平行劈理parallel concentric folds 平行褶皱parallel evolution 平行进化parallel faults 平行断层parallel folding 平行褶皱parallel growth 平行共生parallel unconformity 假整合parallel vein 平行脉parallel venation 平行脉paraluminite 丝铝矾paramagnetism 顺磁性parametamorphism 副变质parameter 参数paramontroseite 次铁钒矿paramorph 同质异晶体paramorphic hemihedry 副象半面象parankerite 铁白云石paraperidotite 副橄榄岩paraplatform 准地台parapyroxenite 副辉岩paraquartzite 副石英岩pararock 副变质岩paraschist 副片岩parasedimentary breccia 副沉积角砾岩parasepiolite 多水海泡石paraserpentinite 副蛇纹岩parasilicates 副硅酸盐parasitic crater 寄生火口parasitic fold 寄生褶皱parasitic volcano 寄生火山parasitism 寄生parastratigraphy 实用地层学paratectonics 准构造paratype 副型paravauxite 磷铁铝矿parcel 小区parent element 母元素parent material 母质parent population 母体parent rock 母岩parental magma 母岩浆pargasite 韭角闪石parisite 氟碳钙铈矿parity 宇称paroxism 暴发高潮paroxysm 暴发高潮paroxysm of orogenic cycle 造山旋回粥parsonsite 斜磷铝铀矿partial anatexis 余深溶酌partial automatic 半自动的partial carbondioxide pressure 二氧化碳分压力partial correlation coefficient 偏相关系数partial melting 部分熔融partial pressure of vapor 汽分压力partial valence 余价particle 颗粒particle charge 粒子电荷particle size 颗粒大小particle size analysis 粒度分析parting 裂理;夹层partition 划分partition coefficient 分配系数partition equilibrium 分配平衡parts per billion 10 亿分率parts per million 百万分率partschinite 锰铝榴石pascoite 橙钒钙石pass 山口passive remote sensing 被动式遥感pasture grass 牧草patch cord 软线pateraite 黑钼钴矿paternoite 水硼镁石pathogenic bacteria 病源细菌patina 氧化膜patrinite 针硫铋铅矿patronite 绿硫钒矿pattern 模型pattern recognition 模式识别paucilithionite 钾锂云母pawdite 云英微闪长岩pay dirt 可采矿石pay ore 可采矿石pay set 可采油层组pay zone unit 油层单元payable 宜于开采的pea structure 豌豆状结构peak 山顶peak power output 峰值输出功率peak pulse power 脉冲峰值功率peak runoff 最大径流peak voltage 峰值电压pealite 蛋白硅华pear shaped 梨形的pearceite 砷硫锑铜银矿pearly luster 珍珠光泽peastone 豆石peat 泥炭peat bog 泥炭沼泽peat formation 泥炭形成peat land 泥炭地peat soil 泥炭土peatification 泥炭化酌peaty 泥炭的peaty clay 泥炭地pebble 砾石pebble bed 卵石层pebblestone 砾石pebbly sandstone 卵石砂岩pectinate 栉状pectolite 针钠钙石pectoral fin 胸pedal ganglion 足神经节pedalfer 铁铝土pedestal 基座pedicle 肉基pediment 麓原pedion 单面pedionite 熔岩台地pediplain 山麓侵蚀平原pediplanation 山麓准平原化pedocal 钙层土pedogenesis 成土酌pedogeochemistry 土壤地球化学pedologist 土壤学家pedology 土壤学pedometer 计步器计距器pedosphere 土圈peel 皮peeling 去皮peganite 磷矾土pegmatite 伟晶岩pegmatite deposit 伟晶岩矿床pegmatite mineral 伟晶岩矿物pegmatitic 伟晶岩的pegmatitic stage 伟晶岩期pegmatoid 伟晶岩相pegmatophyre 伟斑岩pelagic clay 远海粘土pelagic deposit 深海沉积pelagic facies 远海相pelagic sediment 远海沉积物pelagite 海底锰块pele's hair 火山毛pele's tear 火山泪pelean eruption 培利型火山喷发peleeite 斑苏玄武岩pelionite 烛沥青煤pelite 泥质岩pelitic 泥质的pelitic rock 泥质岩pelitomorphic 泥岩状的pell mell structure 杂乱构造pellet 球团矿pelletizing 球团pellicular water 薄膜水pelma 茎pelmicrite 球粒微晶灰岩peltate leaf 盾形叶pen trace 记录笔迹pencatite 水滑大理岩pencil of light 锥光线pendular regime 摆方法pendulum 摆penecontemporaneous 准同期的peneplain 准平原peneplanation 准平原酌penetrability 贯穿性penetrate 穿入penetrating power 穿透能力penetration 穿透penetration rate 进尺速度penetration ratio 井的穿率penetration twin 穿插双晶penetrative structure 透入性构造penetrometer 透度计penfieldite 六方氯铅矿peninsula 半岛pennant 羽毛状pennate diatoms 羽纹纲pennates 羽纹纲pennine 叶绿泥石penninite 叶绿泥石pennite 绿水云母pennsylvanian 宾夕法尼亚系penroseite 硒铜铅镍矿pentagonal dodecahedron 五角十二面体pentagonal icositetrahedral class 五角三八面体晶族pentahydrite 五水泻盐pentlandite 镍黄铁矿peplolite 块堇青石peptization 胶熔酌peralkaline rock 过碱性岩percentage of consolidation 固结率percentage of modulation 灯度perceptible 易感的perched block 坡栖岩块perched ground water 滞水perched water table 滞水台percolate 过滤percolation 渗透percrystalline 过晶质percussion 冲击percussion boring 冲魂进percussion drill 冲唤钻机percussion drilling 冲魂井percussion drilling machine 冲唤钻机percussion drilling system 冲魂井方法percussion figure 撞晃状percussion marks 慧percussion rotary boring 冲积钻钻探percussive rotary drilling 冲积钻钻探percylite 氯铜铅矿perennial spring 常年泉perennial stream 常劣perennial yield 持久不断的量perfect crystal 理想晶体perfect geosyncline 完整式地槽perfectly mobile components 全活动组分perforation 穿孔perforator 射孔器穿孔器perhyaline 过玻璃质的peribranchial cavity 围鳃腔periclase 方镁石periclinal 穹状的periclinal structure 穹状构造pericline 围斜构造;常钠长石pericline twin 肖钠长石双晶periderm 周皮peridot 橄榄石peridotite 橄榄岩periglacial phenomena 冰缘现象perimagmatic 岩浆缘的perimorph 结壳假象period 纪period of angiosperms 被子植物时代periodic law 周期律。
地质专业英语词汇
地质专业英语词汇地质专业词汇 abandon 废弃abandoned mine 废弃矿山 abatis 通风隔墙 ablation 剥蚀ablation breccia 剥蚀角砾岩 ablation moraine 消融碛 ablation till 消融碛abnormal 异常的abnormal metamorphism 异常变质酌 abrade 剥蚀 abrasion 海蚀abrasion platform 磨蚀台地 abrasion surface 浪蚀面 abrasion terrace 磨蚀阶地 abrazite 多水高岭土 absarokite 正边玄武岩 absolute age 绝对年龄absolute chronology 绝对年代学 absolute dating 绝对年代测定 absolute porosity 绝对孔隙率 absolute pressure 绝对压力 absorbed water 吸附水 absorbent 吸收剂 abundance 丰度abundance of elements 元素丰度 abundance of isotopes 同位素丰度 abundance ratio of isotopes 同位素相对丰度abysmal deposits 深海沉积物 abyss 深海 abyssal 深海的abyssal benthic zone 深渊底栖带 abyssal deposits 深海沉积物 abyssal facies 深海相abyssal hills province 深海丘陵区 abyssal injection 深成贯入 abyssal rock 深成岩abyssal sediments 深海沉积物 accompanying mineral 伴生矿物 accordion fold 棱角褶皱 accretion 冲积层、增生楔 accretion gley 结核潜育层 acid base equilibrium 酸碱平衡 acid humus 酸性腐殖质 acid plagioclase 酸性斜长石 acid rock 酸性岩 acid soil 酸性土 acid solution 酸性溶液 acre foot 英亩英尺 active volcano 活火山 adit 平峒adjacent rock 围岩 adjacent sea 边缘海 adobe 灰质粘土age determination 时代鉴定 age spectra 年龄谱 agent of erosion 侵蚀力 air volcano 气火山airborne electromagnetics 航空电磁法 airborne magnetic prospecting 航空磁法勘探airborne magnetometer 航空地磁仪 airborne remote sensing 航空遥感 algae 藻类 algal coal 藻煤 alkali 碱alkali basaet 碱性玄武岩 allochthonous 外来的allochthonous coal 异地生成煤 alluvial 冲积的alluvial apron 山麓冲积扇 alluvial channel 冲积河道 alluvial deposit 冲积层 alluvial fan 冲积扇 alluvial plain 冲积平原1alpides 阿尔卑斯造山带alpine orogeny 阿尔卑斯造山运动 alpine type vein 阿尔卑斯型矿脉 alpinotype tectonics 阿尔卑斯型构造 alteration 蚀变 alteration halo 蚀变晕 altered mineral 蚀变矿物 alternant 交替的 alternating layers 互层 ammonites 菊石类amount 总计amount of evaporation 蒸发量 amount of precipitation 降水量 ampelite 黄铁炭质页岩 amygdaloidal 杏仁状的amygdaloidal structure 杏仁状构造 analysis by sedimentation 沉积分析anamorphic zone 合成变质带 anamorphism 合成变质 ancient channel 古河道 ancient landform 古地形 angiospermous 被子的 angiosperms 被子植物 angle of inclination 倾斜角 angle of strike 走向角度 angle of subsidence 陷落角 angular 有角的angular discordance 斜交不整合 anhydrite 硬石膏 arenaceous 砂屑的arenaceous rock 砂质岩 arenaceous texture 砂质结构 arenes 粗砂arenopelitic 砂泥质的 arenose 粗砂质的 argillaceous 泥质的argillaceous limestone 泥质灰岩 argillite 泥岩argillization 泥化 arid basin 干燥盆地 arid peneplain 干旱准平原 arid zone 干旱带aridity coefficient 干燥系数 aridity index 干燥指数arithmetical averaging thickness 算术平均厚度ash free 无灰分的 ash structure 火山灰构造 asymmetrical 不对称的asymmetrical anticline 不对称背斜 augen structure 眼状构造 autochthonous 原地的autochthonous coal 原地生成煤 autochthonous deposit 原地沉积 autochthonous fold 原地褶皱 aven 落水洞back swamp 河漫滩沼泽 backfill 充填 balance 平衡balance resources 表内储量 band 带;夹层 banded 带状的 banded coal 条带状煤barren bed 哑层 barren of coal 不含煤的 basal complex 基底杂岩 basal conglomerate 底砾岩 basal sandstone 基底砂岩 basal structure 基底构造 basalt 玄武岩 basanite 碧玄岩 basement 基底basement nappe 基底推复体 basin 盆地 basite 基性岩bathyal deposit 次深海沉积 bathyal facies 半深海相 bathyal zone 半深海带beat 露头 bed 层bed succesion 层序 bed vein 板状脉 bedded vein 板状脉 bedding 层理bedding fault 层面断层 bedding foliation 顺层面理 bedding joint 层状节理bedding thrust 层面冲断层 bedrock 基岩beds pattern 河床型式 bench 海蚀平台bench mining 阶梯式开采 bend 弯曲bending fold 弯曲褶皱benioff zone 贝尼奥夫夫带 benthonic 底栖的 benthos 底栖生物bentonic organism 底栖生物 biochron 生物年代 biochronology 生物年代学bioclast 生物碎屑岩 bioclastic rock 生物碎屑岩 biocoenose 生物群落 biocoenosis 生物群落 biotite 黑云母biotite andesite 黑云安山岩biotitization 黑云母化 bismalith 岩柱 bismuth 铋bismuth glance 辉铋矿 bit 钻头bit pressure 钻压 bit weight 钻压 bitumen 沥青bituminization 沥青化 bituminous coal 烟煤 bituminous shale 沥青质页岩bitummen ratio 沥青比值 black iron ore 磁铁矿 black jack 铁闪锌矿 black lead 石墨 blast furnace 高炉 blasthole 炮眼blasthole drilling 钻炮眼 blasting 爆破 blasting cap 雷管 bleached zone 淋溶带 blind fault 隐伏断层 blind ore body 盲矿体 blind shaft 盲井 blind valley 盲谷 blind zone 盲区block 滑车block and tackle 滑轮组 block caving 分块崩开采法 block mountain 断块山block movement 地块运动 block structure 块状结构 block upwarping 地块隆起blowaut 井喷 blowing 井喷 bog 沼地bog formation 沼泽化 bog iron ore 沼铁矿 bog peat 低位泥炭 boghead 藻煤boghead coal 藻煤 boiling line 钢丝绳 bolson 干燥盆地 bomb 火山弹 bonanza 富矿体 bore hole 钻孔 bore pit 探井 borer 钻工 boring 钻进 boring bar 钻杆 boring bit 钻头 boring head 钻头 boring machine 钻机 boring method 钻井方法 boring pump 钻眼用泵 boring rod 钻杆 boring rod set 钻杆装置 boring rope 钻机用的钢丝绳 boring stick 土钻 boring tube 钻管boring with line 钢绳冲唤钻进 boudinage 香肠构造 bouguer anomaly 布格异常bouguer gravity anomaly 布格重力异常 boundary 边界boundary conditions 边界条件 boundary layer 边界层 boundary line 界线bourne 间歇河 box fold 箱状褶皱 brachy fold 短褶皱 brachyanticline 短背斜brachysyncline 短向斜 branch 枝 branch line 支线 branch vein 支脉 bright coal 光亮型煤 broad leaved forest 阔叶林 broad leaved tree 阔叶树 brown algae 褐藻类 brown coal 褐煤 brown mud 褐泥 bryophyta 苔藓植物 bryophytes 苔藓植物bryozoa 苔藓动物类 bulk flotation 全浮选 bulk sampling 大块取样 burgy 煤粉burial metamorphism 埋藏变质 buried karst 埋藏型岩溶 butte 孤山4cable belt 缆摔带运输机 caking ability 粘结度 caking coal 粘结煤 caking index 粘结指数 caking property 粘结性 calc alkali granite 钙碱花岗岩 calcite 方解石caledonian folding 加里东褶皱 caledonian orogeny 加里东造山运动 carat 克拉carbargillite 碳质页岩 carboapatite 碳酸磷灰石 carbohydrate 碳水化合物carbon 碳carbon compound 碳化合物 carbonate 碳酸盐 carbonate rock 碳酸盐岩carbonate sediments 碳酸盐质沉积 carbonatite 碳酸盐岩 carbonic period 石炭纪 carboniferous 石炭纪的 carboniferous period 石炭纪 cataclasite 碎裂岩cataclastic 碎裂的 catastrophic theory 灾变论 catastrophism 灾变论 category 类category of reserves 储量级别 cavern 岩洞 cavern water 溶洞水 cavernous 洞穴状的 caving 塌落 caving line 崩落线cavity filling deposit 洞穴填充矿床 cement bond logging 固井测井 cement grout 水泥浆 cement mortar 水泥砂浆 cement seal 水泥封闭cement slurry 水泥浆 cement substance 粘合质 cement water factor 水灰比cement water ratio 水灰比 cementation 胶结cementation borehole 水泥灌浆钻孔 cementation zone 胶结带 cementing 水泥灌浆 cementum 水泥质 cenozoic 新生代 cenozoic era 新生代 central plain 湖心平原central type volcano 中心式火山 chain silicates 链硅酸盐 chalk 上白垩纪;白垩 chamber of ore 矿袋 chambered vein 囊状矿脉 champion vein 巨矿脉change in type of geosyncline 地槽类型转化channel precipitation 河道沉淀 chert 燧石chronolithologic unit 年代地层单位 chronologic scale 地质年代表 chronology 年代学 circum pacific 环太平洋的 circum pacific calc alkaline petrographic province 环太平洋钙碱性岩石区civil engineering 土木工程 clarain 亮煤 clarite 亮煤clarke number 克拉克值 clarodurite 微亮暗煤 clasolite 碎屑岩 cleat 割理clino unconformity 斜交不整合 clinometer 地质罗盘5感谢您的阅读，祝您生活愉快。
沉积特征英语词汇
Depositional Distinguishing Feature 沉积特征sedimentary structure 沉积构造bdd beded 层状的bndd banded 层状的band band 夹层xlam crosslaminated 交错层理xbdd crossbeded 交错层intbdd interbeded 互层的，夹层的crnk crinkled 褶皱cont contact 接触，界面unconf unconformity 不整合conf conformity 整合crev crevive 裂隙conc concretion 结核，含有物nod nodules 结核。
团块ves vesicular 多孔状lumpy lumpy 块状conch conchoidal 贝壳状gran granular 颗粒状slky silky 丝状gl glassy 玻璃状fib fibrous 纤维状glblr globular 球状xl crystal 结晶xln crystalline 结晶体porosity 孔隙度gd good 15% 好fair 10～15% 中等poor 5～10% 较差trace less 5% 微小fissibity 解理，可劈性clvg clesvage 解理，劈理crystal or grain size 晶体形状与颗粒大小texture 结构lstr lustre 光泽silky 丝绢光泽swelling properties 膨胀度，膨胀性solubiling 吸水性accessory mineral 次生矿范例clastic 碎屑岩If the representative samples from the siever have been selected and the percentage ofthe various constituents have been estimated, then the logical order of the sample description is: 如果从筛子中已选出具有代表性的岩样，而且该岩样的各组份含量已估计出，那么该岩样的描述顺序则为：1, ROCK TYPE 岩性，岩石类别2, COLOR 颜色3, HARDNESS 硬度（硬化作用）The common adjectives describing induration are:硬化作用一般的形容描述内容是：dense hard medium-hard soft spongy密集的，硬的，中等坚硬，软的，多孔的friable compact brittle slatey松散的致密的脆的板状的4, GRAIN SIZE 颗粒大小see to figure 2,1.5 （见图表2，1，5）5, GRAIN SHAPE 颗粒形状The only five general classes are considered and defined as following:唯一可考虑的五种一般类别为：sharp angular subangular rounded wellrounded尖棱状棱角状次棱角状磨圆状好的磨圆状6, SORTING 分选作用7, LUSTER 光泽The common used terms of the luster are: 关于光泽一般常使用的词组有：coated pitted frosted deeply etched frosty silky覆盖物坑状物霜状表面深度侵蚀霜状的丝绢光泽oily vitreous glassy shiny translucent earthy油脂光泽透明的玻璃的发亮的半透明的泥土状waxy sooty velety soapy resinous蜡状的乌黑色天鹅绒状肥皂状树脂状8, CEMENTATION 胶结，胶结物calcite dolomite sulfates iron oxides silica pyrite clays silts方解石白云石硫酸盐氧化铁硅质黄铁矿粘土粉砂siderite菱铁矿9, STRUCTURE 构造The structure of sandstone refers to: 砂岩的构造一般是指：laminations fractures fractures patterns banding nodular纹理裂缝裂缝形式条纹结核状The common structures of shales and siltstone are: 页岩和粉砂岩的构造是指：massive lumpy platy laminated foliated fissile块状团块状纹层状薄片状裂片状splintery flakey10, ACCESSORIES 次生矿物The common but minor constituents of sandstones are:常见的砂岩微量次生矿物有：biotite muscovite glauconite pyrite barite siderite chert黑云母白云母海绿石黄铁矿重晶石菱铁矿黑隧石coals solid hydrocarbons fossils煤固态烃化石11, INCLUSIONS 夹杂物gypsum anhydrite chert iron oxides noduies pellets of barite石膏无水石膏黑隧石氧化铁结核体重晶石球pyrite mud oolites coal concretionary materials黄铁矿泥浆鲕状岩煤固结材料Carbonate 碳酸盐岩After the lithology of the samples have been selected , the description of the carbonate can be do in the following order:岩样岩性选择好后，碳酸盐岩的描述可依以下顺序进行：1, COLOR 颜色The normal colors of limestones and dolomites are: gray, white, buff, brown石灰岩和白云岩的正常颜色是：灰色，白色，浅黄色，棕色2, GRAIN SIZE 颗粒大小3, CHARACTOR OF GRAINS 颗粒特征Fragments can be described in the same as sand grains:碎屑可和砂岩一样进行描述sharp angular subangular rounded globular spheroidal尖棱角棱角状次棱角状圆状球形扁球形Oolites may be classed as: spheroidal, spherical, elliptical, irregular, flattened鲕粒可分类为：扁球形，球形，椭圆状，不规则状，拉平状4, TEXTURE 结构see to the figure 2.3.4 （参见表2。
地质专业英语词汇（S）_地质专业英语词汇
s type granite s 类型花岗岩s wave s 波sabugalite 铝铀云母sac shaped 囊状的saccharoidal 砂糖状的saddle 鞍saddle pebble 马鞍石safe yield 可靠产量safe yield of stream 河的安全给水量safety appliance 保险装置safety factor 安全系数safety joint 安全接头safety valve 安全阀safety zone 安全地带safflorite 斜方砷钴矿sag 凹陷sag pond 断陷湖sagenite 网金红石sagvandite 菱镁古铜岩sahlinite 黄砷氯铅矿sahlite 次透辉石sakmarian 萨克马林阶salammonite 卤砂salband 近围岩岩脉salcrete 煮盐的沉渣saleite 镁磷铀云母salesite 碘铜矿salic mineral 硅铝质矿物salicylaldoxime 水杨醛肟salicylic acid 水杨酸salient 扇形地背斜轴saliferous rock leaching 含盐岩淋滤salification 成盐酌salina 盐碱滩saline lake deposit 盐湖矿床saline meadow 盐化草原saline soil 盐土saline solution mud fluid 盐水泥浆saline spring 盐泉saline water 咸水salinity 盐度salinity of lake water 湖水盐度salinity stratification 盐水成层salinization 盐化酌salinometer 盐液密度计salite 次透辉石salmonsite 黄磷锰铁矿salse 泥火山salt 盐salt balance 盐分平衡salt content of lake water 湖水含盐量salt crust 盐结皮salt dome 盐丘salt dome reservoir 盐丘油藏salt lake 盐湖salt marsh 咸沼;盐沼salt resistance 抗盐性salt secretion 盐分泌salt steppe 盐土草原salt tectonic 盐构造salt water 盐水salt water lake 盐湖salt water plankton 咸水浮游生物saltation 跳跃搬运;突变saltation load 跳跃搬运物saltiness 含盐性samarium 钐samarium neodymium method 钐钕法samarskite 铌钇矿samiresite 铌钛铀铅矿sample 样品sample for reference 检查样品sample man 采样工sample mean and variance 样本平均值与方差sample preparation 样品加工sample splitting 样品缩分sampleite 氯磷钠铜矿sampler 取样器sampling 取样sampling area 取样区sampling method 采样法sampling point 取样点samsonite 硫锑锰银矿sanbornite 硅钡石sand 砂sand bank 沙滩sand bar 沙滩sand calcite 沙方解石sand dune plants 沙丘植物sand hill 砂丘sand line 钢丝绳sand model 砂模式sand pit 砂坑sand pump 抽砂泵sand separator 砂分离器sandbergerite 锌铜矿sandflow 沙流sandglass structure 沙钟构造sandr 冰碛平原sandstone 砂岩sandstone soil 砂岩土sandstorm 沙暴sandy 砂屑的sandy soil 砂土sanidine 透长石sanidinite 透长岩sanmartinite 钨锌矿sanpaltonite 上八洞石sanson flamsteed projection 散生投影sanson projection 散生投影;散生投映santonian stage 桑托阶santorinite 钠长苏安岩sanukite 赞岐岩saponite 皂石sapphire 蓝宝石sapphirine 假蓝宝石saprocol 硬腐泥saprocollite 灰质腐泥煤岩saprogenic 腐败的saprolite 腐泥土sapropel 腐殖泥sapropelic coal 腐泥煤sapropelic groundmass 腐泥基质sapropelite 腐泥岩sapropelites 腐泥岩sapropelitic group 腐泥化组saprophages 腐生物saprophytes 腐生物sapropsammite 砂质腐泥sarcolite 肉色柱石sarcoplasm 肌质sarcopsid 磷钙铁锰矿sarcopsite 磷钙铁锰矿sarcostyle 囊胞体sard 肉红玉髓sardonyx 缠丝玛瑙sarkinite 红砷锰矿sarmientite 砷铁矾sartorite 脆硫砷铅矿sassolite 天然硼酸satellite geodesy 卫星大地测量学satellite remote sensing 卫星遥感satellite spot 卫星斑点saturated adiabatic lapse rate 饱和绝热递减率saturated air 饱和空气saturated flow 饱和怜saturated rock 饱和岩saturated solution 饱和溶液saturation 饱和saturation deficiency 饱和差saturation deficit 饱和差saturation distribution 饱和分布saturation magnetization 饱和磁化saturation point 饱和点saturation pressure 饱和压力saturation regime 饱和情况sauconite 锌蒙脱石sauropsida 蜥形类sausage structure 香肠构造saussurit 糟化石saussuritization 钠帘化酌saussuritize 钠帘石化savanna 稀噬草原savodinskite 铈银矿saxonian 萨克森阶scacchite 氯锰矿scaffold 脚手架scale 度盘scale factor 标度因数scale model 比例模型scalenohedron 偏三角面体scaler 定标器计数器scaling factor 换算系数scaling law 比例法则scaling ratio 换算系数scaly 有鳞的scaly structure 鳞片状结构scan 扫描scandium 钪scanner 扫描设备scanning 扫描scanning angle 扫描角scanning area 扫描面积scanning beam 扫描射束scanning electron microscope 扫描电子显微镜scanning speed 扫描速度scape 羽轴scaphopods 掘足类scapolite 方柱石scapular 肩羽scarp 悬崖scattered boulder 散布漂石scattered radiation 散射辐射scattering 散射scattering angle 散射角scattering coefficient 散射系数scattering cross section 散射截面scattering power 散射本领scavenging machine 再选浮选机scawtite 碳硅钙石schafarzikite 正方磷铁矿schairerite 硫酸齿钠石schalenblende 块闪锌矿schallerite 砷硅锰矿schank 褶皱翼scheelite 白钨矿schefferite 锰钙辉石schillerization 闪光现象schirmerite 块辉铅铋银矿schist 片岩schistosity 片理schizolite 斜锰针钠钙石schlieren 条纹schneebergite 铁锑钙石schoenite 软钾镁矾schoepite 柱铀矿schorenbergite 白霓霞斑岩schorl 黑电气石schorlite 黑电气石schorlomite 钛榴石schroeckingerite 硫铀钠钙石schrotterite 蛋白铝英石schuilingite 铜铅霰石schulzenite 铜钙矿schwartzembergite 氯碘铅矿schwatzite 黑铜矿scientific name 学名scintillating medium 闪烁体scintillation 闪烁scintillation counter 闪烁计数管scintillator 闪烁体scintillometer 闪烁计数管sciophyte 阴地植物sclerenchyma 厚壁组织sclerometer 硬度计sclerophyte 硬叶植物scleroscope 硬度计sclerotinite 菌核体scolecite 钙沸石scoria 火山渣scoria cone 火山渣锥scoria flow 火山渣流scoria tuff 火山渣凝灰岩scoriaceous 渣状的scorodite 臭葱石scorzalite 多铁天蓝石scour 淘刷scovillite 磷铈钇矿screen 筛子screen grid 帘栅极screen mesh 筛眼screen pipe 滤管screen size 筛号screen sizing 筛分screening 筛分screening plant 筛分装置screw axis 螺旋轴screw dislocation 螺旋变位scrub 灌木丛sculpture 纹饰scyelite 闪云橄家scyphomedusa 钵水母scythian 斯基甫阶scythic stage 斯基甫阶sea beach placer 海滨砂矿sea cave 海蚀洞sea cliff 海崖sea floor 海底sea floor deposit 海底矿床sea floor spreading theory 海底扩张说sea gravimeter 海重力仪sea level 海平面sea level fluctuation 海面升降sea lilies 海百合类sea mile 涅sea urehins 海胆类sea water 海水sea water intrusion 海水浸入sea water temperature 海水温度seabeach 海岸seaice 海冰sealing trap 密封圈闭seam 层seam floor 底盘seam roof 顶盖岩seam thickness 层厚seamless pipe 无缝管seamount 海山seapeak 海峰seaquake 海震searlesite 硅硼钠石seasonal migration 季节性迁移seasonal periodicity 季节周期性seasonal variation 季节变化seastars 海星类seaweeds 海藻sebastianite 黑云钙长岩seclusion 闭塞second boiling point 第二沸点secondaries 次波secondary cleavage 次生劈理secondary community 次生群落secondary concretion 次生结核secondary cycle 次旋回secondary deposit 次生矿床secondary depression 副低压secondary enrichment 次生富集secondary enrichment zone 次生富集带secondary fault 小断层secondary fold 小褶曲secondary fossil 次生化石secondary fumarole 次生喷气孔secondary hydrothermal deposit 次生热液矿床secondary interstice 次生裂隙secondary joint 小节理secondary mineral 次生矿物secondary ore 次生矿secondary oxidized ore 次生氧化矿secondary porosity 次生孔隙率secondary recovery 二次开采secondary recrystallization 次生重结晶secondary rocks 二次岩层secondary salt effect 副盐效应secondary structural elements 再次构造secondary structure 次生构造secondary succession 次生演替secondary wave 次波secondary xylem 次生木质部secretion 分泌secretion theory 分泌说secretion vein 分泌脉secretory 分泌的section 薄片secular equilibrium 久期平衡secular subsidence 缓慢沉陷secular upheaval 缓慢隆起secular variation 世纪变化sedentary soil 原地土壤sediment 沉积sediment tube 取粉管sedimentary complex 沉积杂层sedimentary cover 沉积盖层sedimentary cycle 沉积旋回sedimentary deposit 沉积矿床sedimentary formation 沉积建造sedimentary gneiss 沉积片麻岩sedimentary mantle 沉积盖层sedimentary model of coal 煤沉积模式sedimentary nappe 沉积推复体sedimentary petrography 沉积岩石学sedimentary petrology 沉积岩石学sedimentary rock 沉积岩sedimentary structure 沉积构造sedimentary system 沉积体系sedimentation 沉积酌sedimentation basin 沉积盆地sedimentation rate 沉淀速度sedimentogenesis 沉积成因sedimentology 沉积学sedimentometer 沉积计sedimentometry 沉积测量法seebachite 碱菱沸石seed plants 种子植物seepage 渗透seepage spring 渗出泉seepage surface 渗出面seepage velocity 达钨度seet erosion 表面侵蚀seger cone 标准锥segregated vein 分凝脉segregation 分凝segregation banding 分结条带seiches 湖面波动seism 地震seismic detector 地震检波器seismic filtering 地震滤波seismic hazard 地震灾害seismic intensity 地震强度seismic interface 地震界面seismic intesity scale 地震强度计seismic marker horizon 地震标准层seismic moment 地震矩seismic oscillation 地震动seismic profile 地震剖面seismic prospecting 地震勘探seismic ray 震线seismic reflection 地震波反射seismic refraction 地震波折射seismic seawave 海震seismic stratigraphy 地震地层学seismic structural map 地震构造图seismic waves 震波seismic zone 地震带seismicity 地震活动seismogeology 地震地质学seismogram 震波图seismograph 地震仪seismology 地震学seismometer 地震计seismoscope 地震示波仪seismotectonics 地震构造学seladonite 绿鳞石seladonote 绿鳞石selagite 黑云粗面岩selbergite 白霓霞岩selection 选择selective absorption 选择吸收selective body 选择体selective erosion 选择侵蚀selective gamma gamma log 选择伽马伽马测井selective metamorphism 选择变质selective metasomatism 分别变代selective replacement 选择置换selective weathering 选择风化selectivity 选择性selenite 透石膏selenium 硒selenolite 透石膏岩selenology 月球学self elevating drilling platform 桩脚式钻探平台self potential 自然电位sellait 氟镁石selvage clay 断层泥selwynite 黄舣semeline 榍石semi diurnal wave 半日波semianthracite 半无烟煤semiautomatic 半自动的semibituminous coal 半沥青煤semibright coal 半亮煤semidesert 半荒漠semidull coal 半暗煤semifossil 半化石semifusinite 半丝质体semigelatinous maceral 半凝胶化组分semimetal 半金属semiopal 普通蛋白石semipolar bond 半极性键semiprecious stone 次等宝石semireservoir 半储热层semischist 半片岩semisubmersible drilling platform 半潜式钻探平台semseyite 单斜铅锑矿senaite 铅钛铁矿senarmontite 方锑矿sender 发射机sengierite 水钒铀铜矿senility 老年期senonian 巫阶sensibility 灵敏度sensible heat 可感热sensing device 传感器感受设备sensitivity 灵敏度sensitometry 感光度测定学separation 分选separation energy 分离能量separator 分选机sepiolite 海泡石septa 隔壁septaria 龟甲石septum 隔壁sequence 次序sequence of crystallization 结晶顺序sequential form 后成地形serendibite 蓝硅硼钙石sericite 绢云母sericite schist 绢云片岩sericitization 绢云母化series 统series connection 串联连接serpentine 蛇纹石serpentite 蛇纹石serpierite 锌铜矾serrate 锯齿状的serrate suture 锯状缝service shaft 辅助竖井sessile animals 固着动物sessile leaf 无柄叶seta 刚毛setting 浓缩setting accelerator 速凝剂setting of cement 胶结物凝固setting time 胆时间settlement 沉陷settling 沉陷settling basin 沉淀池settling pond 沉积池settling velocity 下沉速度sewage 阴沟水sewage treatment 污水处理sextant 六分仪sexual generation 有性世代shadow 影shadow effect 阴影效应shadow photometer 影像光度计shaft 轴;竖井shale 页岩shale line 泥岩基线shale soil 页岩土shallow focus earthquake 浅震shallow sea 浅海shallow sea deposit 浅海沉积shallow well 浅水井shaly sand 页岩状沙shank 钎尾shape function 形态函数sharp tuning 锐党sharpite 七水碳铀矿shastaite 中长英安岩shastalite 安山玻璃shattered fault zone 碎裂断层带shattered zone 碎裂带shattering 震动;破碎shattuckite 单斜硅铜矿shear breccia 扭性构造岩shear cleavage 剪劈理shear deep fracture 剪性深断裂shear failure 剪破裂shear folding 剪褶皱shear joint 剪节理shear modulus 抗剪弹性模量shear plane 剪切面shear strain 剪切变形shear stress 剪应力shear structural system 扭动构造体系shear sturctural plane 扭性结构面shear zone 剪碎带shearing 剪断shearing compressive plane 扭压面shearing force 剪应力shearing stress 切应力sheath 鞘sheave 绳爽轮sheet 岩席sheet erosion 片林蚀sheet flow 片流漫流;席状喷出sheeted deposit 席状矿床sheeted structure 重膜状构造sheeted vein 重膜矿脉sheeted zone 重膜矿带shell 贝壳;甲shell layer 壳质层shell mound 贝冢shell structure 贝壳构造shell zone 介壳带sheridanite 无色绿泥石shield 地盾shield volcano 循形火山shield volcano of the hawaiian type 夏威夷式盾形火山shielding 屏蔽shift 变位shift zone 移动带shinbone 胫骨shingle 扁砾石shingle structure 叠瓦构造shiver 页岩shoal 浅滩shock 冲击冲突shock metamorphism 冲讳质酌shock wave 冲花shoestring sandstone 鞋带沙堆shooting 放炮shore 岸shoreline 海岸线shoreline of emergence 上升滨线shoreline of submergence 下沉滨线short flame coal 短焰煤short range order 短程序shortite 碳酸钠钙石shoshonite 正边粗玄岩shot drilling 钻粒钻井shot effect 散粒效应shot noise 散粒效应shot point 爆炸点shothole 爆破井shrinkage limit 收缩限度shrinkage of clay 粘土的收缩酌shrinkage stoping 留矿回采shrinkage water 收缩水shunt ratio 分路系数sial 硅铝带siallitization 粘土矿物化sialma 硅铝镁带siberite 紫电气石sicklerite 磷锂锰矿side elevation 侧视图side pressure 侧压力side view 侧视图side wall 侧壁side wall coring gun 射入式取心器井壁取心枪side wall cutting sampler 切割式取心器siderazote 氮铁矿siderazotite 氮铁矿siderite 菱铁矿siderolite 陨铁石sideronatrite 纤钠铁矾sideronitic texture 海绵陨铁结构siderophile elements 亲铁元素siderophyllite 铁叶云母siderophyre 古铜鳞英铁镍陨石sideroplesite 镁菱铁矿siderosphere 铁圈siderotil 铁矾siegenite 碲硫镍钴矿sierozem 灰钙土sieve 筛子sieve analysis 筛分分析sieve opening 筛孔sieving 筛分signal level 信号电平significance level 显著性水平silaonite 多铋硒铅矿silexite 硅石岩silfbergite 锰磁铁矿silica 硅土silica alumina ratio 硅铝比silica brick 硅砖silica geothermometer 二氧化硅地热温标silica sand 硅砂silica sesquioxide ratio 硅三氧二某化合物比silicastone deposit 硅石矿床silicate 硅酸盐silicate melt 硅酸盐熔体silicate minerals 硅酸盐矿物silicate rock 硅酸盐岩石siliceous 硅质的siliceous sediments 硅质沉积siliceous sinter 硅华siliceous soil 硅质土壤siliceous sponges 六轴海绵类siliceous wood 硅化木silicic acid 硅酸silicic acid anhydride 无水硅酸silicification 硅化silicified wood 硅化木silicon 硅silky lustre 绢丝光泽sill 底盘sillenite 软铋矿sillimanite 硅线石silt 粉砂silting 淤积siltstone 粉砂岩silurian 志留纪silver 银silver ore 银矿sima 硅镁带similar fold 相似褶皱similigley 假潜育simple conic projection 筒单圆锥投影simple eye 单眼simple folding 筒单褶皱simple leaf 单叶simple pendulum 单摆simple shear 单剪simple tone 单音simple vein 单矿脉simple volcano 单火山simplex 单纯形simpsonite 六方钽铝石simulation 模拟simulator 模拟装置simultaneity 同时性sinemurian 矽缪尔阶singing 鸣震singing point 鸣震点single bond 单键single crystal 单晶体single crystal diffractometer 单晶衍射计single crystal growing 单结晶生长single grain structure 单粒结构sinhalite 硼铝镁石sinian system 震旦系sinian trend 震旦方向sink hole 灰岩坑sink lake 落水洞湖sinking 下沉sino korean massif 中朝地块sinter 泉华sinter cone 泉华丘sintering 烧结sintering coal 粘结性煤sintering temperature 烧结温度sinuosity 曲折度sinusoidal projection 正弦投影sinusoidal structure 正弦状构造siphon 水管siphonostele 管状中柱sismondinite 镁硬绿泥片岩sitaparite 方锰铁矿site 地点sizing 分级sizing analysis 粒度分析sjogrenite 水镁铁石skarn 夕卡岩skarn mineral 夕卡岩矿物skeletal soil 粗骨土skeleton 骨skeleton crystal 骸晶skeleton soil 粗骨土skeleton texture 骸晶构造skewness 非对称性skin 表皮skin effect 琼效应skip hoisting 箕斗提升skip winding 箕斗提升skip zone 跳越区sklodowskite 硅镁铀矿skomerite 橄辉钠长斑岩slag 炉渣slag brick 矿渣砖slaggy 渣状的slaking 消化slate 板岩slaty 板状的slaty clay 片状粘土slaty cleavage 板劈理slaty soil 板岩土壤slavikite 菱镁铁矾slicer 双向限制器slickenside 滑面slide 滑动slide fault 滑动断裂slide mark 滑痕sliding 滑动sliding structure 滑动构造sliding surface 滑面slime 淤泥slime layer 粘液层slime molds 粘菌类slime water 泥浆水slimy gley soil 淤泥潜育土slip 滑动slip band 滑动带slip block 滑块slip cleavage 滑劈理slip fault 滑断层slip folding 剪褶皱slip mass 滑体slip off slope 滑走坡slip plane 滑动面slip sheet 滑片slips 下瓦slope 坡度slotted pipe 割缝管子sludge pump 泥浆泵slump 滑移slump fold 滑动褶皱slump structure 滑移构造slumping 海底滑动slurry 粘土悬浮液slush 雪泥slush pit 泥浆坑small circle gridle 小圆环带small diameter hole drilling 小口径钻进small earthquake 微地震small leaved 小叶的small ore 细矿small plate 小板块smaltine 砷钴矿smaragd 祖母绿smaragdite 绿闪石smectite 蒙脱石smithite 单斜硫砷银矿smithsonite 菱锌矿smoke 灰云smoky quartz 烟晶smooth fracture 平坦断口snow 雪snow density 雪密度snow melt 融雪soaked 潜育土soaked soil 潜育土sobralite 铁锰辉石sod 草被sod formation 腐殖层形成酌soda rhyolite 钠疗岩sodalite 方钠石sodalitite 方钠石岩sodalumite 钠茂soddite 硅铀矿soddy podzolic soil 草生灰化土sodic metasomatism 钠质交代酌sodic soil 碱土sodium 钠sodium uranospinite 钠砷钙铀矿soft coal 软煤soft ground 弱土质soft rime 雾淞soft rocks 软岩石soft water 软水soggendalite 多辉粗玄岩soil 潜育土soil color 土色soil constituent 土壤成分soil covering 土壤被复soil creep 土壤蠕动soil density 土壤紧实度soil dressing 撒布肥土soil genesis 成土过程soil geochemistry 土壤地球化学soil geography 土壤地理学soil horizon 土层soil in situ 原地土壤soil layer 土层soil mechanics 土力学soil microbiology 土壤微生物学soil microorganism 土壤微生物soil mineral 土壤矿物soil science 土壤学soil stratification 土壤层序soil stratum 土层soil structure 土壤结构soil survey 土壤甸soil swamping 沼泽化soil swelling 土壤膨胀soil thermometer 土壤温度表soil type 土类soil water 土壤水soilcover 土壤覆盖层soilwater zone 土壤水带solar climate 天文气候solar halo 日晕solar radiation 太阳辐射solar salt 天然蒸馏盐solfatara 硫气孔solfataric alteration 硫气蚀变solid angle 立体角solid colloid 固体胶体solid combustible mineral 固体可燃矿产solid displacement 固态位移solid rainfall 固体降水solid solution 固溶体solidification 凝固solidification point 凝固点solidus 固液相曲线solifluction 泥流solod 脱碱土solonchak 盐土solonetz 碱土solonetzic soil 碱性土solubility 溶度solubility product 溶度积soluble 可溶的solum 土层solute 溶质solution chemistry 溶液化学solution heat 溶解热solution mining 溶液采矿solution principle 溶解原理solvent 溶媒solvent effect 溶剂效应solvolysis 溶剂分解solvsbergite 细碱辉正长岩solvus 固溶体分解曲线somma 外轮山sonar 声纳sonde 探头songrim tectonic disturbance 松林构造运动sordawalite 玄武玻璃sorosilicate 俦硅酸盐sorption 吸着sorus 孢子群sound 海峡sound logging 声波测井sound navigation and ranging 声纳sound velocity 音速sounding 测深sounding balloon 探测气球sounding machine 测深器sour humus 粗腐殖质source 泉source rock 源岩source rock of petroleum 生油岩souzalite 基性磷铝铁石space correction 空间校正space geology 天体地质学space group 空间群space groupoid 空间亚群space lattice 空间点阵space remote sensing 空间遥感space survey 宇宙甸space velocity 空间速度spacegeology 宇宙地质学spacing 间隔spadaite 红硅镁石spallation product 核散裂碎片spallation reaction 核裂反应spalling 脱落spandite 锰钙铁榴石spangolite 氯铜矾spar 晶石sparagmite 破片砂岩spare 备件spate 洪水spatter 火山喷出物speciation 种别形成species 种specific capacity 单位出水量specific charge 比电荷specific density 比密度specific discharge 达钨度specific drawdown 比液面下降specific electrical conductance 比电导率specific gravity 比重specific heat 比热specific ionization 比电离specific reaction 特殊反应specific retention 持水能specific surface 表面系数specific volume 比容specific yield 单位廉量specimen 标本spectral line 光谱线spectral line width 光谱线宽度spectral series 光谱系spectrochemical analysis 光谱化学分析spectrogram 光谱图spectrograph 摄谱仪spectrographic analysis 光谱分析spectrography 摄谱术spectrometry 光谱测定spectrophotometer 分光光度计spectrophotometry 分光光度测定spectropolarimeter 分光偏振计spectroscope 谱线分析器分光镜spectrum 光谱spectrum analyzer 谱线分析器spectrum of sparks 闪光光谱specularite 镜铁矿speed control 速度控制speed of propagation 传播速度speise 黄渣speiss 黄渣spelebiology 洞穴生物学speleochronology 洞穴年代学speleology 洞穴学spencerite 单斜磷锌矿spencite 硅硼钙钇矿spermatophytes 种子植物sperrylite 砷铂矿spessartine 锰铝榴石;闪斜煌斑岩spessartite 闪斜煌斑岩sphaerite 菱磷铝石sphagnum bog 水藓沼泽sphagnum peat 水藓泥炭sphalerite 闪锌矿sphene 榍石sphenoid 楔状sphenoidal class 轴双面晶类sphenolith 岩楔sphere ore 环状矿石spherical crystal 球状晶体spherical surface 球面spherical symmetry 球状对称spherocobaltite 菱钴矿spheroid 椭球体spheroidal 球状的spheroidal joint 球状节理spheroidal jointing 球状节理spheroidal structure 球状构造spheroidal weathering 球状风化spherolitic 球粒状的spherosiderite 球菱铁矿spherulite 球粒spherulitic 球粒状的spiauterite 纤维锌矿spicule 骨针spiculite 锤雏晶spike 示踪物spiking 添加同位素示踪剂spilite 细碧岩spilosite 绿点板岩spinal cord 脊髓spindle 纺锤体spindle shaped bomb 纺锤形火山弹spindle type drill 立轴式钻机spine 火山碑spinell 尖晶石spiny 具刺的spiral growth 螺旋生长spiral wall 螺旋壁spire 螺线spiroffite 碲锌锰矿spit 沙嘴splay structure 分支构造split 裂口splitting 裂距spodiophyllite 叶石spodiosite 氟磷钙石spodumene 锂辉石spoil 废石sponges 海绵动物spongin 海绵硬朊sponginess 孔隙度spongy parenchyma 海绵组织spongy spicule 海绵骨针spongy structure 海绵构造spontaneous combustion of coal 煤自燃发火spontaneous fission 自然分裂spontaneous generation 自然发生spontaneous magnetization 自动磁化spontaneous polarization 自发极化spontaneous polarization method 自然极化法spontaneous potential 自然电位spontaneous potential logging 自然电位测井sporangiophore 孢囊柄sporangium 孢子囊spore 孢子spore bearing plants 孢子植物spore coal 孢子煤spore coat 孢壁sporinite 孢子体sporinitic liptobiolith 孢子残殖煤sporocarp 孢子果sporogon 孢子体sporophyll 孢子叶sporophyte 孢子体sporozoa 孢子虫类spot 地点spot analysis 点滴分析spotted 有斑点的spotted ore 斑点矿spotted slate 斑点板岩spotted structure 斑点状构造spread 散布spreading 扩张spring 泉spring tide 大潮spring water 泉水spudder 铲凿spur 支脉spurrite 灰硅钙石squall 飑squall line 飑线square cylindrical projection 方格投影squeeze up 溶岩挤出部squeezing 挤出酌stability of magnets 磁稳定性stabilized grain structure 稳定粒状结构stable continental margin 大陆稳定边缘stable element 稳定元素stable humus 稳定腐植质stable isotope 稳定同位素stable stratification 稳定层结stadia surveying 视距测量staff gage 量杆staffelite 深绿磷灰石stage 阶stage discharge relation 阶排出量关系stage indicator 级指示剂stage of old age 老年期stage of youth 地形发层幼年期stagnant water 积水stagnation 停滞stagnation point 滞止点stainierite 水钴矿stainless steel 不锈钢staircase 阶状脉stalactite 钟乳石stalagmite 石笋stamen 雄蕊standard 标准standard boring tool 标准钻开工具standard cell 标准电池standard contour 首曲线standard deviation 标准偏差standard electric logging 标准电测井standard isobaric surfaces 标准等压面standard penetration test 标准穿插试验standard sample 标准样品standard solution 标准溶液standard thermometer 标准温度表standardization 标定standing water 静水standing wave 驻波stanniferous 含锡的stannine 黄锡矿stannite 黄锡矿stannolite 锡石stannopalladinite 锡钯矿stannous 含锡的stannum 锡star ruby 星彩红宝石star sapphire 星彩蓝宝石starfishes 海星类starolite 星石英static metamorphism 静力变质static stability 静力稳定statics correction 静校正station 测点stationary state 定态平衡状态statistical analysis 统计分析statistical method 统计法statistical seismology 统计地震学staurolite 十字石steady flow 稳定流steam coal 锅炉煤steam explosion 蒸汽爆发steam pressure 蒸汽压力steatite 块滑石steatitization 块滑石化steenstrupine 斯担硅石steep bed 急倾斜层steep coast 陡崖海岸steep dipping beds 陡立地层带steep fault 陡角断层steep slope 高倾斜steepness 陡度stegocephalians 坚头类stegosauria 剑龙类steinheilite 董青石stele 中心柱stellerite 淡红沸石stemflow 茎流stemma 侧单眼stenonite 斯特奴矿stenophyllous 狭叶的step cut 阶梯型琢磨花样step fault scarp 阶状断层崖step faults 阶状断层stephanite 脆银矿steppe 草原stercorite 磷钠铵石stereochemistry 立体化学stereocomparator 立体坐标量测仪stereogram 立体图stereographic projection 立体投影stereography 立体平画法stereomicroscope 立体显微镜stereopair 立体像对stereophotogrammetry 立体摄影测量学stereophotography 立体摄影术stereophototopography 立体摄影地形测量学stereoscope 立体镜stereoscopic photiography 立体摄影术stereoscopic vision 立体视力stereoscopy 体视学sternbergite 硫银铁矿sternite 腹片stevensite 硅镁石stewartite 斜磷锰矿stibiconite 黄锑华stibiocolumbite 锑铌矿stibiopalladinite 锑钯矿stibiotantalite 锑钽矿stibium 锑stibnite 辉锑矿stichtite 碳酸镁铬矿stick slip 粘着滑动stiff soil 粘结性土壤stigma 柱头stilbite 束沸石stilling well 静水井stilpnomelane 黑硬绿泥石stinkkalk 臭灰岩stinkstone 臭灰岩stipule 托叶stishovite 超石英stock 岩株stock farming 养畜业stockwork 网状脉stockwork deposit 网状脉矿床stoichiometry 化学计量学stokesite 硅钙锡石stolzite 钨铅矿stoma 气孔stomach stone 胃石stomatal transpiration 气孔蒸腾stone desert 石漠stone fields 岩海stone forest 石林stone pit 采石场stony 多石的stony iron 陨铁石stony soil 石质土stony tundra 石质冻原stope 回采工祖stoping 回采stoping face 回采工祖stopper 伸缩式凿岩机stopper circuit 带除滤波电路stopping potential 遏止电位storage 蓄水量storage capacity 储水能力storage coefficient 储水系数storage in depressions 洼地储水storm sample 风暴样品straight extinction 直消光straight river 顺直性河流strain 应变strain discontinuity 应变不连续strain ellipsoid 变形椭球体strain facies 应变相strain pattern 应变图像strain slip cleavage 应变滑劈理strait 海峡strand deposits 沿滨沉积strand line 海岸线strata 地层strath terrace 宽谷阶地stratification 层理stratification plane 层面stratified 成层的stratified ore deposit 成层矿床stratified rock 成层岩stratified structure 层状结构stratified volcano 层状火山stratiform 层状的stratiform ore deposit 层状矿床stratiform water 层状水stratigraphic column 地层剖面stratigraphic correlation 地层对比stratigraphic division 地层区分stratigraphic erosional reservoir 地层剥蚀油气藏stratigraphic geology 地层学stratigraphic heave 地层水平移动stratigraphic overlap 地层超复stratigraphic profile 地层剖面图stratigraphic reservoir 地层油气藏stratigraphic separation 地层离距stratigraphic throw 地层落差stratigraphic trap 地层圈闭stratigraphic unconformity reservoir 地层不整合油气藏stratigraphic unit 地层单位stratigraphical discordance 地层不整合stratigraphical drilling 地层钻探stratigraphical gap 地层间断stratigraphical hiatus 地层间断stratigraphy 地层学strato volcano 层状火山stratosphere 平零stratotype 层型stratovolcano 层状火山stratum 地层stray current 杂散电流streak 条痕stream bed 河床stream channel 河道stream development 河立展度stream flow 河流缓流stream line 吝stream order 河寥级stream outlet 河口stream tin 砂锡streaming potential 怜势能streamtube 廉管道strengite 粉红磷铁矿strength 强度stress analysis 应力分析stress concentration 应力集中stress diagram 应力图stress distribution 应力分布stress free method 应力释放法stress limit 极限应力stress minerals 应力矿物stress relief 应力解除stress strain curve 拉伸曲线stretching 延伸striated 有条纹的striated pebble 擦痕卵石striation 条纹strigovite 柱绿泥石strike 走向strike fault 走向断层strike joint 走向节理strike line 走向线strike separation 走向间距strike slip fault 横冲断层strike valley 走向谷stringer 细脉strip 带stripped peneplain 剥露准平原stripping 剥土探矿strobe 选通脉冲strobing pulse 选通脉冲stromatite 叠层混合岩stromatolite 垫藻岩stromatolithic 迭层状的strombolian type eruption 斯特朗博利型火山喷发stromeyerite 硫铜银矿stromnite 碳酸钡锶矿strong coupling theory 强耦合理论strong earthquake 强震strontianite 菱锶矿strontium 锶strontiumapatite 锶磷灰石strontiumheulandite 锶片沸石structural analysis 结构分析structural discordance 构造不整合structural dome 构造圆丘structural factor 构造因素structural features 构造细部structural geology 构造地质学structural lenticular body 构造透镜体structural map 构造图structural petrology 构造岩石学structural stage 构造层structural terrace 构造阶地structural trap 构造圈闭structural valley 构造谷structural vitrain 结构镜煤structure 构造structure of oil field 油田构造structure of ores 矿石构造structure of sedimentary cover 盖层构造structure polar 构造极地structureless soil 无结构土壤struggle for existence 生存竞争struverite 钛铌钽矿struvite 鸟粪石stubachite 蛇异橄榄岩studtite 铀霞石stuffing box 填料函sturtishes 海星类stutzite 六方碲银矿stylolite 石笔杆stylolitic joint 缝合线节理stylolitic structure 柱状构造stylotypite 柱形石suanite 逐安石subaerial 陆上的subalpine belt 亚高山带subanthracite 亚无烟煤subaqueous 水下的subaqueous deposit 水底沉积subaqueous raw soil 水底原始土壤subaqueous soil 水底土壤subartesian well 近自廉subbituminous coal 亚烟煤subclass 亚纲subdivision 亚门subducting plate 俯冲板块subduction 俯冲subduction zone 俯冲带subdued mountain 贤的山subfacies 亚相subfamily 亚科subfossil 亚化石subgenus 亚属subglacial eruption 冰下喷发subglacial moraine 冰底碛subgraphic structure 亚文象构造subgraphite 次石墨subgrauwacke 亚杂砂岩subkingdom 亚界sublevel 分段sublevel caving system 分段崩落采矿法sublevel system 分段开采法sublimate 升华物sublimate deposit 升华矿床sublimation 升华sublimation nuclei 升华核sublittoral region 亚潮带sublittoral zone 潮下带submarine coal field 海底煤田submarine coring drilling rig 海底取岩芯钻机submarine erosion 海底侵蚀submarine fan 海底扇形地submarine geology 海底地质学submarine humus 海底腐殖质submarine oil field 海底油田submarine photometer 水底光度计submarine scarp 海底崖submarine sediment 海底沉积物submarine terrace 海底阶地submarine volcano 海底火山submarine weathering 海底风化submerged coast 溺岸submerged leaf 沉水叶submerged plant 水底植物submerged reef 沉没礁submerged shore 溺岸submersible pump 水下泵submetallic lustre 半金属光泽subophitic structure 亚辉绿构造suborder 亚目subordinate fold 从属褶皱subpermafrost water 永久冻土下位水。
汉英地球物质科学术语
汉英地球物质科学术语Chinese-English Vocabularies in EarthMaterial ScienceA锕 Actinium（Ac）A′KF 图A′KF diagramACF 图ACF diagram阿尔巴尼亚 Albania阿尔卑斯型铬铁矿床 chromite deposit of Alpine-type阿尔戈马型含铁建造 Algoma-type iron formation阿尔及利亚 AlgeriaAFM 图AFM diagram阿富汗 Afghanistan阿根廷 Argentina阿肯色州（美） Arkansas阿拉伯联合酋长国 The United Arab Emirates阿拉斯加州（美） Alaska阿鲁巴岛 Aruba阿曼 Oman阿塞拜疆 Azerbaijan阿塔苏锰矿床 Ata-Su manganese deposit埃达克岩 adakite埃及 Egypt埃洛石 halloysite埃塞俄比亚 Ethiopia埃斯特勒双晶 Esterel twin锿 Einsteinium（Es）艾奥瓦州（美） Iowa艾伯塔省（加） Alberta爱达荷州（美） Idaho爱德华王子岛省（加） Prince Edward Island爱尔兰 Ireland2爱沙尼亚 Estonia砹 Astatine（At）安大略省（加） Ontario安道尔 Andorra 安多矿 auduoite安哥拉 Angola安圭拉岛（英） Anguilla安康矿 ankangite安山岩 andesite安提瓜和巴布达 Antigua and Barbuda氨基酸 amino acid氨基酸定年 amino acids age determination 氨基酸类化合物 amino acids鞍部 saddle鞍山式铁矿床 Anshan-type of iron deposit 鞍状矿脉 saddle reef，saddle wein岸礁 bank reef暗淡煤 dull coal暗褐色 fuscous，dun暗黑色 dingy暗红色 wine暗黄色 shading yellow暗灰棕色 dull grayish brown暗礁 reef暗蓝色 dark blue暗绿色 sap green暗煤 durain暗青绿色 gobelin blue暗色 dark，dull，melanic，melanocratic暗色矿物 dark-colored mineral暗色体 melanosome暗色岩 melanocrate暗色岩 trap，meolanocratic rock凹槽 flute凹凸棒石矿床 attapulgite deposit凹凸棒石粘土矿床 attapulgite clay deposit 螯合物 chelate奥长花岗岩 trondbjemite奥长花岗质片麻岩 trondjemitic gneiss3奥长石 oligoclase奥地利 Austria奥克洛现象 Oklo phenomenon奥陶纪（系）Ordovician Period（System）,Ordovician澳大利亚 AustraliaBBABI 值（玄武值无球粒陨石最佳初始值，代表地球形成时的87Sr/86Sr值）BABI（basaltic achondrite bestinitial）八连线 octet八面体 octahedron八面体铁陨石 octahedrite八面体择位能OSPE（octahedron site preferenceenergy）八重晶 octet巴巴多斯 Barbados巴比涅补偿器 Babinet compensator巴布亚新几内亚 Papua New Guinea巴哈马 Bahamas巴基斯坦 Pakistan巴拉圭 Paraguay巴勒斯坦 Palestine巴林 Bahrain巴罗带 Barrovian zones巴拿马 Panama巴韦诺双晶（曾用名：巴温诺双晶） Baveno twin 巴西 Brazil巴西双晶 Brazil twin钯 Palladium（Pd）靶区优选 target selection坝 barrier白矮星 white dwarf白俄罗斯 Belarus白垩纪（系） Cretaceous Period（System）白垩矿床 chalk deposit白垩系 Cretaceous白岗岩 alaskite4白磷钙石 whitlockite白榴石 leucite白榴岩 leucitite白片岩 white schist白铅矿 cerussite白色 white白铁矿 marcasite白钨矿 scheelite白云鄂博矿 baiyuneboite 白云母 muscovite白云石 dolomite白云石化 dolomitization白云石化作用 dolomitization白云岩 dolomite，dolomitite，dolostone白云岩矿床 dolomite deposit百幕大群岛（英） Bermudas百万分之一（10－6） ppm（part per million）柏林蓝 Berlin blue斑点板岩 spotted slate斑点构造 spotted structure斑点消光 mottied extinction斑点状构造 spotted structure斑晶 phenocryst斑块 clot斑铜矿 bornite斑岩 porphyry斑岩钼矿床 porphyry molybdenum deposit斑岩铜矿床 porphyry copper deposit斑岩铜矿模式 porphyry copper model斑杂构造 taxitic structure斑状 porphyritic斑状变晶结构 porphyroblastic texture斑状结构 porphyritic texture搬运[作用] transportation板 sclerodermite板块 plate板块边界应变速率 plate boundary strain rate 板块边缘 plate margin板块俯冲 plate subducting5板块构造 plate tectonics板块构造成矿模式plate-tectonic model formetallogenesis板块碰撞 plate collision板块运动 plate movement板面 Pinacoid板内岩石 within-plate rock板内应变 intraplate strain板劈理 slaty cleavage板岩 slate板褶皱 bending fold板状构造 slaty structure板状交错层理tabular cross-bedding，platecross-bedding板状铀矿体 tabular U-ore body半暗煤 semidull coal半金属光泽 submetallic luster半晶质 hemicrystalline半径 radius半亮煤 semibright coal半面体 hemihedron半磨圆的 subrounded半泥质片岩 semi-pelitic schist半泥质千枚岩 semi-pelitic phyllite半泥质岩 semi-pelite半坡面 hemidome半熔岩 metatexite半深海 bathyal半深海沉积物 bathyal sediment半深海的 bathyal半衰期 half-life半丝质体 semifusinite半透明 translucent，trans-opaque半远洋的 hemipelagic半远洋岩 hemipelagite半自形变晶的 hypidioblastic半自形粒状 hypidiomorphic tranular半自形粒状结构 hypidiomorphic granular texture伴生 associate6伴生矿 associated ore伴生矿物 associate mineral伴生气 associated gas包裹体 inclosure，inclusion包含结构 poikilitic texture包卷层理 convolute bedding包络面 enveloping surface包气带水 suspended water包头矿 baotite孢子体 sporinite雹痕 hail print宝石 gemstone，jade宝石矿产 precious stone宝石矿物 gem mineral 宝石矿物学 gem mineralogy宝石学 gemology饱和[度] saturation饱和岩 saturated rock饱水带 zone of saturation保加利亚 Bulgaria堡礁 barrier reef鲍林法则 Pauling’s rules鲍玛序列 Bouma sequence暴涨 inflation爆发岩屑 tephra爆发指数 explosive index爆裂法 decrepitation method爆破角砾岩型铀矿 U-ore of explosion-breccia type爆炸性喷发 explosive eruption北半球回归线NHRL（nothern hemisphereregression line）北达科他州（美） North Dakota北京[直立]人 Beking man北京蓝（头青） Peking blue北卡罗来纳州（美） North Carolina北马里亚纳群岛自由联邦（美）The Commonwealth of the NorthernMariana Islands贝尔纳图 Bernal chart贝壳灰岩 coquina7贝壳状断口 conchoidal fracture贝克线 Becke line贝克线色散 dispersion of Becke line贝劳共和国 The Republic of Belau贝累克补偿器（曾用名：贝瑞克补色器）Berek compensator贝尼奥夫带 Benioff zone贝宁 Benin背景值 background value背散射电子显微镜Backscattered ElectronMicroscopy （BSEM）背散射电子像Backscattered Electron Imaging（BEI，BSEI）背散射扫描电子图象Backscattered Scanning ElectronImagery （BSE）背斜 anticline背斜构造理论 anticline theory背形 antiform钡 Barium（Ba）钡长石 celsian钡闪叶石 barytolamprophyllite钡铁钛石 bafertisite钡霞石 hexacelsian被动大陆边缘盆地 passive margins basins被膜状集合体 filmy aggregate本征矢量 eigenvector崩解 disintegration崩塌 devolution，slacktip，rockfall比较晶体化学 comparative crystal chemistry 比较行星学 comparative planetology比利时 Belgium比例尺 scale比例模拟 scale model比重 specific gravity比重瓶 pycnometer，Bottle Pycnometer比重天平 Jolly Balance （JB）比重液 Heavy Liquids闭合度 closure闭塞环境的 euxinic8闭形 closed form铋 Bismuth（Bi）铋矿床 bismuth deposit碧绿 verdure碧玄岩 basanite边界品位 cutoff grade边滩 point bar边缘 fringe边缘海 epeiric sea边缘海盆[地] marginal-sea basin边缘蚀变 fringe alteration变安山岩化 meta-andesitization变斑晶 porphyroblast变彩labradorescence，play of color，schiller变成矿床 metamorphogenic deposit变质生成矿床 metamorphogenic deposit变辉长岩 meta－gabbro变基性岩 metabasite变胶体矿物 metacolloidal mineral变胶状构造 metacolloidal structure变角自旋核磁共振光谱Magic-Angle Spinning NuclearMagnetic ResonanceSpectroscopy （MAS-NMR）变晶 blast变晶鲕 metacrystal ooid变晶结构 blastic texture变晶系 crystalloblastic series变粒岩 leptytite变嵌晶 poikiloblast变生非晶化 metamictization变网阳离子 network-modifier cation变形 deformation， distortion变形（指晶体形状） various form变形沉积构造deformational sedimentarystructures变形带 deformation band变形结构 deformation texture变形砾石 deformation boulder9变形双晶 deformation twins变形纹 deformation lamellae变余斑状结构 blastoporphyritic texture变余层理 blastobedding变余构造 palimpsest structure变余火成碎屑结构 blastopyroclastic texture 变余结构 palimpsest texture变余砾状结构 blastopsephitic texture变余糜棱岩 blastomylonite变余砂状结构 blastopsammitic texture变质[作用] metamorphism变质成矿作用 metamorphic metallization变质带metamorphic belt，metamorphiczone变质反应 metamorphic reaction变质分泌成矿作用metallization by metamorphicsecretion变质分异 metamorphic differentiation变质构造 metamorphic structure变质级 metamorphic grade变质阶段（幕） metamorphic episode变质结构 metamorphic texture变质结晶[作用] metamorphic crystallization 变质矿床 metamorphic mineral deposit变质期 metamorphic epoch变质热梯度 metamorphic thermal gradient变质事件 metamorphic event变质体制 metamorphic regime变质相 metamorphic facies变质相系 metamorphic facies series变质相组 metamorphic facies group变质旋回 metamorphic cycle变质亚相 metamorphic subfacies变质岩 metamorphic rock变质作用 metamorphism变质作用P/T 比类型P/T ratio type of metamorphism变质作用类型 type of metamorphism变种（矿物分类单位） variety辫状河流 braided stream10标本 specimen标型矿物 typomorphic mineral标型特征 typomorphic characteristic标型性 typomorphism标型元素 typochemical element标志层 key bed表[皮]土 regolith表鲕 superficial ooid表观年龄 apparent age表壳岩 supracrustal rock表面扩展X-射线吸收精细结构光谱Surface-Extended X-rayAbsorption Fine-StructureSpectroscopy （SEXAFS）表生矿物hypergene mineral，supergenemineral 表生碎屑 epiclast表生异常 hypogene anomaly表生作用 supergenesis宾夕法尼亚亚系 Pennsylvanian宾夕法尼亚州（美） Pennsylvania 滨海 shore滨外沙坝 barrier bar滨外滩 barrier beach冰雹 hailstone冰长石 adularia（adular）冰长石化 adularization冰长石晕彩 adularescence冰川 glacier冰川擦痕 glacial stria冰川地貌 glacial landform冰川湖 glacier lake冰川漂砾 glacial erratic boulder 冰川作用 glaciation冰岛 Iceland冰斗 glacial cirque冰筏 ice raft冰盖 ice cap冰后期 post-glacial period冰晶石 cryolite11冰溜面 glacial pavement冰劈作用 frost splitting冰期 glacial stage，ice age冰碛 moraine，till，glacial drift 冰碛地貌 till landform冰碛阶地 moraine terrace冰碛扇 moraine fan冰碛物 till冰染蓝 ice blue冰蚀谷 glacial valley冰蚀作用 glacial erosion冰水沉积平原 outwash plain冰水堆积 glacial fluvial deposit 冰水扇 outwash fan冰洲石 icespar波长分散X-射线光谱Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy （WDXS）波长色散光谱Wavelength DispersiveSpectroscopy （WDS）波动说 undation theory波多黎各岛（美） Puerto Rico波峰 ripple crest波痕 ripple mark波脊线 wave crest line波兰 Poland波浪折射 wave refraction波切台 marine-cut platform波斯尼亚和塞尔维亚 Bosnia and Hercegovina 波斯特马斯堡锰矿床 Postmasburg manganese deposit波状交错层理 wavy cross-bedding波状消光undulating extinction，unduloseextinction玻恩-梅尔理论 Born-Mayer theory玻基斑状结构 vitroporphyritic texture玻晶交织结构 hyalopilitic texture玻璃 glass玻璃光泽 glassy luster，vitreous luster玻璃糜棱岩 hyalomylonite玻璃原料 glass raw materials12玻璃原料矿产 raw material for glass玻璃陨石 tektite玻璃质 amorphous substance玻璃质 glassy，vitreous玻璃质碎屑结构 vitriclastic texture玻利维亚 Bolivia玻屑 glass shard ，vitric pyroclast玻陨石 tectite玻质碎屑岩 hyaloclastite剥离丘 exfoliation dome剥蚀 disintegration剥蚀[作用] denudation剥蚀平原 plain of denudation伯利兹 Belize铂 Platinum（Pt）铂系（族）元素 platinum group element（PGE）铂族元素矿床 ore deposit of platinum group 博茨瓦纳 Botswana博吉尔德连生（斜长石出溶形成） BÆggild intergrowth薄板状 platy薄片 thin section薄片鉴定法 thin section method簸选 winnowing补色器 compensator补型 neotype捕虏体 xenolith不饱和岩 unsaturated rock不变点 invariant point不变平衡 invariant equilibrium不变子群 invariant subgroup不丹 Bhutan不等粒斑状结构inequigranular porphyritictexture不等粒结构 heterogranular texture不等粒状 inequigranular不对称波痕 asymmetrical ripple不对称褶皱 asymmetrical fold不共轭 non-conjugacy不混溶性 immiscibility13不混溶岩浆 immiscible magma不可逆的（单向的）转变 monotropic transformation不连续 discontinuity不连续反应 discontinuous reaction不连续相变 discontinuous transformation不列颠哥伦比亚省（加） British Columbia不平衡结构 disequilibrium texture不透明 [translucent] opaque不透明 opaque不完全解理poor cleavage ，imperfectcleavage，less good cleavage不完全类质同像 incomplete isomorphous series 不稳[定状]态 unstable state不稳定性 unstability不相称结构 incommensurate structure不相容元素 incompatible elements不谐调褶皱 disharmonic fold不一致年龄 discordia age不整合 unconformity不整合脉型铀矿unconformity-vein type uraniumdeposit不整合侵入体 discordant intrusion不整合圈闭 unconformity trap布伽重力异常 Bouguer gravity anomaly布格重力异常 Bouguer gravity anomaly布基纳法索 Burkina Faso布拉格定律 Bragg's law布拉格方程 Bragg equation布拉维法则 law of Bravais布拉维晶格 Bravais lattice布拉维指数 Bravais indices布隆迪 Burundi布容极性时 Brunhes polarity chron布儒斯特定律（曾用名：布鲁斯特定律）Brewster's law布什维尔德铬矿床 Bushveld chromium deposit 钚 Plutonium（Pu）部分平衡 partial equilibrium部分熔融 partial melting14C参数（量） parameter参数井 key well， stratigraphic well残积和机械富集作用residual and mechanicalconcentration残积矿床 residual deposit残积砂矿 eluvial placer残积物 eluvium ，residual sediments残留磁性测量Remnant Magnetism Measurements（RMM）残留矿床 residual deposit残缕结构 helicitic texture残余构造 relict structure残植（殖）煤 liptobiolite糙面 shagreen surface槽 trough，flute槽沟 groove槽痕 flute marks槽台成矿说geosyncline-platform theory for metallogenesis槽状交错层理 trough cross-bedding草图 sketchCDT 标准（硫同位素标准，美国亚利桑那铁陨石中的陨硫铁的硫同位素比值）CDT standard（Canyon Diablometeorite troilite standard）侧分泌说 lateral secretion theory参差状断口 uneven fracture侧碛堤 lateral moraine bar测角仪 goniometer测线采样 profile sampling测重湿化学分析法Gravimetric Wet Chemical Analysis （GWCA）层 bed层（条带）状混合岩 stromatite层化 stratification层火山 stratovolcano层间构造 internal bedding structure层间水 interlayer water15层孔虫类 stromatoporoid层控矿床 strata-bound mineral deposit层理 stratification，bedding层裂 exfoliation层流 laminar flows层面 bedding plane层侵系 Rhyacian层位 horizon层序加积的 aggradational层状剥落 bed separation层状构造layered structure，stromaticstructure层状硅酸盐 phyllosilicate（sheet silicate）层状火山 stratovolcano层状孔洞构造 stromatactis层状矿床 stratiform [mineral] deposit层状铜矿床 stratiform copper depositC-格子 C-lattice ，base-centered lattice 插入 intercalation茶[褐]色 tawny，dark brown，tan差热分析Differential Thermal Analysis（DAT）差式扫描量热分析Differential ScanningCalorimeter （DSC）差异风化 differential weathering拆沉 delamination柴达木石 chaidamuite产层有效厚度 net pay thickness产油层 reservoir产油区 oil－producing region产铀岩体 uranium productive massif产状 attitude长板状 lath shaped长石 feldspar长石矿床 feldspar deposit长石砂岩 arkose，feldspar sandstone长石石英砂岩 feldspathic quartz sandstone 长石岩屑砂岩 feldspar lithic sandstone长焰煤 long-flame coal16长英角岩 felsic hornfels长英麻粒岩 leptite长英质 felsic， quartz-feldspathic长英质岩石 felsic rock肠状混合岩 ptygmatic migmatite肠状岩 ptygmatite常光 ordinary ray常数 coefficient常温层constant zone of subsurfacetemperature场发射扫描电子显微镜Field-emission Scanning Electron Microscopy （FESEM）场致发光 electroluminescence超变质[作用] ultrametamorphism超变质岩 ultrametamorphic rock超地幔柱 super plume超高压 ultra-high pressure（UHP）超高压变质岩ultra-high-pressure metamorphic rock超基性 ultrabasic超基性片麻岩 ultrabasic gneiss超基性岩 ultrabasic rock超结构 super structure超晶胞 super-cell超晶格 superlattice超临界含矿流体 supracritical ore fluid超临界状态 super-critical state超镁铁岩 ultramafic rock超镁铁质 ultramafic超镁铁质岩 ultramafic rock超糜棱岩 ultramylonite超密说 superdense hypothessis超声波干扰（干涉）测量 Ultrasonic Interferometry （UI）超酸性岩 ultraacidic rock超碎裂岩 ultracataclasite超显微的 ultramicroscopic超显微条纹长石（电子显微镜下） cryptoperthite 超新星爆发 supernova explosion超盐度 hypersaline17超营养作用 eutrophication朝鲜民主主义人民共和国The Democratic People's Republicof Korea潮差 tidal range潮间带 intertidal zone潮坪(滩) tidal flat潮上滩 sabkha潮汐 tide潮下带 subtidal zone尘暴 dust storm， dust bowl， dust devil沉淀[作用] precipitation沉淀分带 precipitation zoning沉积[作用]depositional process，deposition，precipitation ，Sedimentation沉积变质矿床 sedimento-metamorphic deposit 沉积变质磷矿床sedimento-metamorphic phosphatedeposit沉积变质锰矿床sedimento-metamorphic manganesedeposit沉积成岩作用 diagenesis沉积环境 sedimentary environment沉积建造 depositional setting沉积矿床 sedimentary deposit沉积喷流矿床 sedimentary exhalative deposit 沉积盆地 sedimentary basins沉积体系 sedimentary systems沉积铁矿床 sedimentary iron deposit沉积同期的（与沉积同时的） syndepositional 沉积物 deposition沉积相 sedimentary facies沉积学 sedimentology沉积岩 sedimentary rock沉积作用 sedimentation沉降 subsidence沉降速度 settling velocity辰砂 cinnabar陈化 ageing衬度 contrast成冰系 Cryogenian18成层 bedding成分层 compositional layering成分成熟度 compositional maturity成分-共生图解 composition-paragenesis diagram成核 nucleation成矿带 metallogenic belt成矿建造 metallogenic formation成矿阶段 stage of mineralization成矿壳层 ore-forming level成矿控制因素 metallogenic factor成矿模式 metallogenic model成矿期metallogenic epoch，epoch ofmineralization成矿区 metallogenic region成矿省 metallogenic province成矿时代metallogenic（metallogenetic）epoch成矿系（序）列minerogenetic series，metallogenic series成矿学 metallogeny成矿预测 metallogenic prediction成矿域metallogenic domain，metallogenic megaprovince成矿元素 ore-forming element成矿专属性 metallogenic specialization成矿作用metallogenesis， minerogenesis，ore-forming process成煤物质 coal-forming material成熟 mature，maturation成熟度 maturity成铁系 Siderian成土因素 factor of soil formation成网阳离子 network-former cation成岩[作用] diagenesis成岩[作用]的 diagenetic成岩格子 petrogenetic grid成岩阶段 diagenetic stages成因矿物学 genetic mineralogy承压水 artesian water19承载能力 carrying capacity程序控制X 射线层析 Computed X-ray Tomography （CXT）澄江动物群 Chengjiang fauna橙红 orange red，salmon pink橙色 orange橙玄玻璃 palagonite橙玄岩 palagonite橙棕色 orange brown持续能力 sustainable capacity尺度模拟 scale model赤道几内亚 Equatorial Guinea赤褐色henna，mahogany，rufous，russet，russety，bronze赤红 crimson赤路矿 chiluite赤铁矿 hematite赤铁矿化 hematitization赤铜矿 cuprite炽热火山云 nuée ardente，glowing cloud充填[作用] cavity filling充填矿床 mineral deposit by cavity filling 充填物 matrix冲槽 flute冲击变质[作用] impact metamorphism冲击变质岩 impact metamorphic rock冲击玻璃 impactite glass冲击角砾岩 suevite冲击熔岩 impact lava冲击岩 impactite冲积层 alluvion冲积平原 alluvial plain冲积砂矿 alluvial placer冲积扇 alluvial fan冲刷构造 scour structure冲刷痕 scour marks冲洗交错层理 swash cross-bedding虫迹 tracks重结晶[作用] recrystallization，recrystallize 虫孔 burrows20重新分配（重新分布） redistribute重新活动 remobilization重折率 birefringence畴结构 domain structure臭葱石 scorodite臭氧 ozone臭氧层 ozonosphere臭氧耗竭 ozone depletion出溶 exsolution出溶结构 exsolution texture出溶条纹 exsolution lamella初波（P 波） primary wave（P wave）初级生产 primary production初糜棱岩 protomylonite初始比值 initial ratio初始铅 initial lead初始熔融 initial melt初碎裂岩 protocataclasite雏晶 crystallite储层性质 reservoir property储存性资源 stock resource 储集层 reservoir储量 reserve储油地质学 reservoir geology储油构造 oil－bearing structure储油气层 reservoir formation穿插双晶 penetrate twin穿时的 diachronous穿时递增变质[作用]diachronous-progressivemetamorphism传导 conduction传导热流模拟 conductive heat flow modeling 传导性 conductivity传压介质 pressure transmitting medium吹蚀 winnowing吹蚀作用 deflationCHUR 值（球粒陨石型均一岩浆房的地幔库）CHUR（chondritic uniformreservoir）垂向序列 vertical succession21垂直分带 vertical zoning垂直分带性 altitudinal zonality垂直双晶 normal twin垂直运动 vertical movement纯橄榄岩 dunite瓷板 porcelain streak plate磁暴 magnetic storm磁赤铁矿 maghemite磁化率 magnetic susceptibility磁黄铁矿 pyrrhotite磁力显微镜 Magnetic Force Microscopy （MFM）磁偏角 magnetic declination磁倾角 magnetic inclination磁铁矿 magnetite磁铁石英岩 magnetite quartzite磁性 magnetism雌黄 orpiment次变边结构 kelyphitic texture次级结构单元 secondary building units次级生产（加工工业） secondary production 次棱角状的 subangual次生包体 secondary inclusion次生富集带zone of secondary enrichment，secondary enriched zone次生富集作用 secondary enrichment次生环境 secondary environment次生节理 secondary joint次生孔隙度 secondary porosity次生矿物 secondary mineral次生石英岩 secondary quartzite次生双晶 secondary twin次生异常 secondary anomaly次透辉石 salite次元素 minor element次圆状的 subrounded刺 sclerodermite粗安岩 trachyandesite粗糙的 coarse粗糙断口 uneven fracture22粗砾岩 cobble conglomerate粗粒的 coarse-grained粗粒结构 coarse grained texture粗粒体（烟煤和褐煤显微组分） macrinite 粗粒杂砂岩 coarse wacke粗面结构 trachytic texture粗面岩 trachyte粗铅法 rough lead method粗砂岩 coarse sandstone粗尾粒序 coarse-tail grading粗玄岩 trachybasalt脆性 brittleness脆性变形 brittle deformation脆性断裂 brittle fracture脆性行为 brittle behavior淬火 quench淬火熔体 quench melt翠绿 emeraldD大爆炸 big bang大爆炸宇宙学 big-bang cosmology大地构造学 tectonics大地水准面 geoid [surface]大骨节病 Kaschin-Beck disease大红 bright red，scarlet，crimson 大矿囊 bonanza大类（矿物分类单位） class大离子亲石元素large ionic lithophile element （LILE）大理岩 marble大陆 continent大陆[性]冰川 continental glacier大陆裂谷系 continental rift system大陆漂移 continental drift大陆漂移说 continental drift theory大陆热流continental heat flow，heat flow through the continent大气降水 meteoric waters23大气圈 atmosphere大气氩 atmospheric argon大青山矿 daqingshanite大洋中脊mid-oceanic ridge，mid-oceanridge大洋中脊玄武岩 mid-oceanic-ridge-basalt （MORB）大隅石 osumilite代 Era带褐色的 brownish带黄色的 yellowish带绿色的 greenish带青色的 blueish带隙 band gap带状沉积 banded sediment带状构造layered structure，stromaticstructure丹巴矿 danbaite丹麦 Denmark单变平衡 univariant equilibrium单变线 univariant curve单成分砾岩 oligomict conglomerate单成分粘土岩 monogenic claystone单分子物体 monomer单键型晶格 homodesmic lattice单阶段体系 single stage system单晶 monocrystalline单晶X-射线衍射Single-Crystal X-ray Diffraction （SCXRD）单晶精细X-射线分析Single-Crystal Refinement X-rayAnalysis （SREF-XRA）单聚物 monomer单颗粒锆石离子探针质谱法SHRIMP（The zircons were analyzedby a specially built highresolution ion microprobe atthe Australian NationalUniversity nicknamed‘SHRIMP’）单矿岩 monomineralic rock单链状硅酸盐 single chain silicate24单面 pedion单偏光 plane-polarized light（ppl）单圈测角仪 one circle goniometer单水型的 monohydrate单位晶胞“分子”数（或简称Z 数） Zahl[德]（或简称Z）单向的（不可逆的）转变 monotropic transformation单斜[层] monocline，homocline单斜辉石 clinopyroxene单斜辉石岩 clinopyroxenite单斜晶系 monoclinic system单斜钠长石 monalbite单形 single form单形符号 single form symbol单质 element单锥 pyramid淡橙色 light orange淡赤黄色 ginger淡粉红色 rose pink淡褐色pale brown，light brown，maple，hazel淡红色 rosiness，damask淡黄yellowy，canary，jasmine，straw yellow，wheat，flaxen，primrose yellow淡黄褐色的 fawn-coloured淡黄绿色 pistachio淡灰褐色 ficelle淡蓝 pale blue，light blue，baby blue 淡绿色pale green，light green，pea green，absinthe-green，virescent，viridescent淡青色 nattierblue淡色pale，tinge，light，light-colored，leucocratic淡银灰色 ocean-grey淡紫兰色 lavender blue淡紫色heliotrope，lavender，lilac，orchid淡棕色 pale brown，light brown，maple 25蛋白光 opalescence蛋白石 opal蛋白石化 opalization蛋白石矿床 opal deposit蛋白质 protein氮 Nitrogen（N）氮循环 nitrogen cycle导带 conduction band导电性conductivity，electrical conductivity， conductivity岛弧 island arc岛弧系 island-arc system岛弧岩石 island arc rock岛屿结构 island texture岛状硅酸盐 nesosilicate倒石堆 talus倒易格子 reciprocal lattice倒转变质带 inverted metamorphic zones 倒转层序 reversed succesiondelta 值（绝对变差δ，反映同位素组成与标准相比重同位素的富集或亏损程度（‰））delta value倒转褶皱 overturned fold道马矿 daomanite得克萨斯州（美） Texas锝 Technetium（Tc）德拜-谢勒法 Debye-Scherrer method德国 Germany等变线 isograd等反射率线 isoreflectance line等分线 bisectrix等化学变质[作用] isochemical metamorphism 等化学变质岩 isochemical metamorphic rock 等化学的 isochemical等价类质同像 isovalent isomorphism等结构 isostructure等离子体 plasma等粒结构 even-grained，homogranular texture 等粒状 equigranular26等煤级线 isorank等倾斜（角）线 dip isogon等倾斜线作图法 isogon construction等热 isotherm等时线截距 intercept of isochron等时线拟合参数mean square of weighted deviates （MSWD）等时线年龄 isochron age等时线斜率 slope of isochron等温线 isotherm等物理变质岩 isophysical metamorphic rock 等效点系 equipoints等斜（同斜）褶皱 isoclinal fold等型 isotype等压线 isobar等震线 isoseismal line等轴的 equidimensional等轴晶系 isometric system,cubic system低级变质岩 low-grade metamorphic rock低角度逆冲断层 low angle reverse thrust低能电子衍射Low-Energy Electron Diffraction（LEED）低速带 low velocity zone 低突起 low relief低温地球化学 low temperature geochemistry 低温热液矿床 epithermal deposit低温水热矿床 epithermal deposit低压相系 low－pressure facies series镝 Dysprosium（Dy）迪尔石 Deerite迪开石 Dickite底[轴]面 basal pinacoid底辟构造 diapir structure底痕 sole marks底浸 underplating底面 Subface底面双晶 acline twins底栖的 benthonic底碛平原 ground moraine plain27底碛丘陵 ground moraine mound底心格子 base-centered lattice ，C-lattice 地表的 terrestrial地表生态系统 terrestrial ecosystem地表形态学 morphology of the earth surface 地槽 geosyncline地槽型成矿建造metallogenic formation ofgeosyncline type地层 Stratum,bed地层地球化学 stratigraphic geochemistry地层对比 stratigraphic correlation地层剖面 stratigraphic section地层圈闭 stratigraphic trap地层学 stratigraphy地层柱 stratigraphic column地磁负向场 Reversed field地磁极 geomagnetic pole地磁极性倒转 geomagnetic reversal地磁异常 Magnetic anomaly地磁正向场 normal field地方病 endemic disease地方时 local time地核 [earth] core地核差异旋转differential rotation of earthcore地极 earth pole地壳 [earth] crust地壳低速带 crustal low-velocity zone地壳元素丰度 clark value地壳运动 crustal movement地蜡 ozocerite地垒 Horst地理学 geography地沥青 land asphalt地裂缝 ground fracture地幔 Mantle地幔部分熔融 partial melting of mantle地幔地球化学 mantle geochemistry地幔对流 mantle convection28地幔岩 Pyrolite地幔柱 [mantle] plume地貌 Landform，physiognomy地貌内营力 Internal geomorphic agency地貌外营力 External geomorphic agency地貌学 geomorphology地貌演化 geomorphic evolution地貌营力 geomorphic agency地面沉降 ground setting地堑 Graben地球 Earth地球表层科学 earth surface science地球磁性 geomagnetism地球动力学 geodynamics地球化学 geochemistry地球化学背景 geochemical background地球化学参考模型geochemical earth reference model （GERM）地球化学分散 geochemical dispersion地球化学封闭体系 geochemical closed system 地球化学环境 geochemical environment地球化学活动性 geochemical mobility地球化学建模 geochemical modeling地球化学开放体系 geochemical open system 地球化学勘查 goechemical exporation地球化学模型 geochemical model地球化学普查 geochemical reconnaissance地球化学省 geochemical province 地球化学输运 geochemical transport地球化学探矿 geochemical prospecting地球化学体系 geochemical system地球化学填图 geochemical mapping地球化学图 geochemical chart地球化学污染调查 geochemical survey of pollution地球化学相 geochemical facies地球化学详查 geochemical detailed survey地球化学旋回 geochemical cycle地球化学演化 geochemical evolution地球化学异常 geochemical anomaly29地球化学障 geochemical barrier地球化学自组织 geochemical self-organization 地球科学 earth science，geoscience地球内部化学 Interior chemistry of earth地球物理学方法 geophysical technique地球物质科学 earth material science地球系统 earth system地球系统科学 earth system science地球震荡 earth oscillation地球子午圈 terrestrial meridian地热 Geotherm地热地球化学 geothermal geochemistry地热梯度 geothermal gradient地热系统 geothermal system地台 Platform地台型成矿建造metallogenic formation ofplatform type地洼型成矿建造metallogenic formation of diwa （geodepression）type地外变质[作用] extraterrestrial metamorphism 地外文明 extraterrestrial civilization地温 geotemperature地下构造 sub-surface structure地下热[卤]水型矿床 hot geothermal brine type deposit地下水ground water，groundwater，underground water，phreaticwater地下水循环成矿模式groundwater-circulation metallogenic model地形侵蚀回春 rejuvenated landform 地形同位素效应topographic isotopicfractionation effect地形雨 orographical rain地学 geoscience，earth science地衣 Lichen地域分异 Regional differentiation 地缘政治造成的资源短缺Resource scarcity due togeopolitics地震 earthquake，seism30地震波 seismic wave地震带 seismic zone ，Benioff zone 地震的 seismological地震烈度图 earthquake intensity map 地震区划图 seismic zoning map地震效应 earthquake effect地震序列 seismic sequence地震预报 earthquake prediction地震预报要素 elements of earthquake prediction地震震级 magnitude of earthquake地震作用 seismism地植物方法 geobotanical method地志学 topology地志学的 topological地质[学] geology地质边界 geological boundary地质构造 geologic structure地质露头 geological outcrop地质年代表geochronologic scale，geologictime scale地质年代单位 geochronologic unit地质年代学 geochronology地质事件 geological event地质体 geologic body地质图 geological map地质图解析 map interpretation 地质温度测定法 geothermometry地质温度计geothermometer，geologicthermometer地质温压计 geothermobarometer地质循环 geological cycle地质压力测定法 geobarometry地质压力计 geobarometer，geologic barometer 地质作用（过程） geologic process地轴 earth axis递（渐）进变形 progressive deformation递变层理 graded bedding递进成矿说 progressive metallogenesis递增变质 progressive metamorphism31第三纪（系） Tertiary Period（System）第四纪（系）Quaternary Period（System），Quaternary第四纪冰期 Quaternary ice age碲 Tellurium（Te）碲矿床 tellurium deposit典型结构 typic structure点群 point group点沙坝 point bar碘 Iodine（I）碘矿床 iodine deposit电磁场earth magnetic field，geomagneticfield电磁场倒转 reversal of geomagnetic field电磁性 electromagnetism电负性electro negativity，electronegativity电感偶合等离子分析Inductively Coupled PlasmaAnalysis （ICP）电感偶合等离子质谱仪Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectroscopy （ICP-MS）电离电势（位） ionisation potential电离度 ionicity电气石 tourmaline。
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附录：汉英沉积学常用词汇凹坑pool，chute白垩chalk白云化灰岩dolomitized limestone白云母muscovite白云石dolomite白云岩dolostone, dolomitite斑点构造mottled structure斑礁patch reef斑晶porphyrotope斑脱岩bentonite搬运作用transportation板状晶体laths半深海helmipelagic半自形晶subhedral棒形蛀木虫迹teredolites clavatus包卷层理convolute lamination包卷构造comvolute structure堡礁(障壁礁) barrier reef抱球虫软泥globigerina ooze比拟试验模式scaled experimental model碧玉jasper边滩point bar辫状河braided channel标志层key bed标准偏差standard deviation表面结构surface texture表皮鲕superficial Oolits表栖动物epifauna表生成岩作用epidiagenesis表生作用epigenesis表土regolith滨湖亚相lake-shore滨面shoreface滨线shoreline冰雹痕hail impression冰川glacier冰-海沉积物glacier-marine sediment冰川相glacial facies冰碛物till冰碛岩tillite冰水沉积outwash波长wave length波高wave height波痕ripple波状层理wavy bedding剥离线理parting lineation不等粒inequigranular不整合unconformity槽痕flute槽模flute casts侧向沉积作用lateral sedimentation侧向加积lateral accretion测井沉积学well-logging sedimentology 测井相electrofacies层bed层间流interflow层孔虫stromatoporoid层理stratification，bedding，lamination 层流laminar flow层内溶解作用intrastratal solution层系set层系组coset层序地层学sequence stratigraphy次长石净砂岩subarkose次生孔隙secondary porosity次岩屑净砂岩sublitharenite长石feldspar长石砂岩feldspar sandstone长石净砂岩arkose长石净砂岩类arkosic arenite长石杂砂岩feldspathic greywacke长石杂砂岩类arkosic greywacke潮道tidal channel潮间带intertidal潮控三角洲tidal-dominated delta潮坪tidal flat潮上带supratidal潮汐层理tidal- bedding潮汐流ebb current潮汐三角洲tidal delta潮下带subtidal zone沉积分异作用sedimentary differentiation 沉积构造sedimentary structure沉积后作用postdeposition沉积环境depositional environment沉积模式sedimentary model沉积盆地sedimentary basin沉积铁矿sedimentary iron ores沉积物sediment沉积物重力流sediment gravity flow沉积相sedimentary（depositional）facies 沉积学sedimentology沉积岩sedimentary rocks沉积岩石学sedimentary petrology沉积作用sedimentation，deposition成分成熟度compositional matuarity成岩作用diagenesis赤铁矿hematite冲积平原alluvial plain冲积扇alluvial fan冲裂avulsion冲流swash冲流回流带zone of swash and backwash 冲刷痕scour mark冲洗交错层理swash bedding冲溢扇washover fan储层reservoir储油窗oil –windows床沙bed床沙形体bed form床沙载荷bed load吹程fetch垂向沉积作用vertical accretion丛藻迹chondrites粗砾cobble粗枝藻门dasyclads大潮spring tide大陆架continental shelf大陆隆continental rise大陆坡continental slope大洋盆地basin带穴迹taenidium带状迹teanidium袋状钻孔迹rogerella单杯迹monocraterion单成份砾岩oligomictic conglomerate 岛(弧)-海(沟)体系arc-trench system 岛弧island arc等深流contour current等深积岩contourite等趾迹isopodichnus等足迹isopodichnus低镁方解石low-magnesian calcite低弯度河道low-sinuosity channel低位体系域low-stand systems tract 堤岸bank底痕sole mark底积层bottomset底模solecast底栖生物benthos底载河道bedload channel地层strata地层倾斜录井dipmeter log地层水formation water地球化学geochemistry地球物理geophysics地震地层学seismic stratigraphy地震勘探seismic exploration递变层graded layer递变悬浮作用graded suspension典型浊积岩clastic turbidite电测井electric log叠层石stromatolite叠瓦状排列imbricate arrangement 顶积层topsets动态模式dynamic model动藻迹zoophycus豆粒pisolite段member对称波痕symmetrical ripple鲕粒oolite二叶石迹cruziana反递变层理reverse grading反沙丘层理antidune bedding反向递变的inversely graded泛滥盆地flood basin泛滥平原flood plain方沸石Analcime方解石calcite放射虫Radiolarians放射性测井radioactivity log非补偿（饥饿）沉积starved basin 非显晶质的aphanitic沸石zeolite分流河道distributary channel分流河口砂坝distributary-mouth bar 分流间湾interdistributary分选系数So分选作用sorting粉砂silt粉砂岩siltite,siltstone粉砂页岩silt shale球粒pellet风暴大潮storm surge风成eolian风成波痕eolian ripple,wind ripple风成交错层理aeolian cross bedding风成岩eolianite风化作用weathering风生流wind-drift current风蚀deflation峰度curtosis缝合线stylolite弗劳德数Froude number浮游生物plankton腐泥sapropel负载（荷）构造load structure复成分砾岩polymictic conglomerate复理石flysch钙结层caliche干酪根kerogen干盐湖playa高岭石kaolinite高弯度河道high-sinuosity channel高位体系域high-stand systems tract根珊瑚迹rhizocoralliun耕作迹agrichnia沟模groove casts沟蠕形迹taphrhelminthopsis古拉迹paleohelcura古生态学paleoecology古生物paleontological古水流标志paleocurrent indicator古土壤paleosols古网迹palaeodictyon古斜坡paleoslope骨架岩framestone固着底栖生物sessile benthos光合作用photosynthesis硅镁层sima硅土，二氧化硅silica硅质silic-硅质碎屑siliciclastic国际沉积学家学会IAS(International Association of Sedimentologists) 海(湖)泛面flooding surface海(湖)滩beach海岸带coastal zone海底扇submarine fan海底峡谷submarine canyon海沟trench海进体系域transgressive systems tract 海浪sea wave海绿石glauconite海平面变化sea-level changes海平面升降eustasy海侵transgression海侵层序transgressive sequence海生迹thalassinoides海滩marine beach海滩脊ridge of a beach海相三角洲marine delta海洋ocean旱谷arroyo, wadi河床（道）channel河床滞留lag河底滞留沉积channel floor lag河控三角洲fluvial delta河口湾estuary河流相fluvial河漫overbank核形石oncilite褐铁矿limonite黑色页岩black shale黑云母biotite红藻植物门rhodophyta后滨backshore后成作用katagenesis,anadiagenesis弧间盆地interarc basin弧内盆地intra-arc basin弧前盆地forearc basin湖lake湖泊环境lacustrine environment湖泊相lacustrine湖面波动seiche湖沼学limnology滑[动]痕slide mark滑塌构造slump structure滑塌岩slumps还原硫酸盐细菌desulfouibrio,desulfomaculmi 还原作用reduction环境沉积学environmental sedimentology环线迹spirorhaphe黄铁矿pyrite黄土loess灰泥micrite灰泥岩mudstone灰质白云岩calcareous dolostone回流backflow，backwash混杂沉积岩diamicton混杂堆积物mélange混载荷流mixed-load channel火山弹bomb火山灰ash火山灰流ash flow火山角砾岩volcanic breccia火山块block火山泥石流lahar火山碎屑pyroclastic debris，tephra火山碎屑流pyroclastic flow火山碎屑岩pyroclastic rock火焰构造flame structure鸡笼状的chickenwire集合粒aggregate集块岩agglomerate加积accretion加积作用aggradation假亮晶pseudospar尖峰度的jeptokurtic剪切shearing交错层cross beds交错层理cross bedding; cross stratification交错纹crossed-lamellar交错纹层cross laminae胶结物cement胶结作用cementation胶磷矿collophane礁reef礁核reef core礁后相backreef facies礁麓堆积reef talus礁前相forereef facies礁相reef facies角度不整合angular unconformity 角砾岩breccias节藻迹phycodes结晶碳酸盐岩crystalline carbonate 界面bounding surfaces金藻门chrysophyta津（波）浪tsunami近滨nearshore进潮口tidal inlet进积作用progradation进食构造feeding structures进食迹fodinichnia晶面crystal face晶体crystal井形穴shafts净砂岩arenite静态模式static model居住构造dwelling structure居住迹domichnia居住潜穴dwelling burrows巨画迹megagrapton巨砾boulder决口扇crevasse，crevasse splay 均匀悬浮uniform suspension颗粒grain ，particle颗粒流grain flow颗粒岩grainstone颗粒支撑的particle -supported ，grain-supported 可劈性fissility可容空间accommodation space克拉通craton孔隙（度）pore，porosity块状层理massive bedding块状砂岩massive sandstone浪成波痕wave-generated ripple浪成沙纹层理wave- ripple bedding浪基面wave base浪控三角洲wave-dominated delta雷诺数Reynolds number-Re类沙蚕迹nereites累积频率曲线cumulative-frequency curve离岸（裂）流rip current犁沟迹aulichnites丽线迹cosmorhaphe砾gravel砾漠reg砾屑灰岩calcirudite砾屑岩rudite砾岩conglomerate粒度grain size粒度概率图probability plot粒度中值Md粒间孔隙度intergranular porosity粒屑灰岩grainstone粒序层理graded bedding亮晶sparite亮晶方解石sparry calcite亮晶灰岩sparite亮煤clarain裂隙fracture临滨shoreface磷灰岩phosphorite磷酸盐岩phosphate rock菱铁矿siderite流动体制flow regimes流痕rill impression流态flow regime流体化作用fluidization硫酸盐sulphate漏斗形funnel shape陆表海epicontinental sea陆架边缘体系域shelf margin systems tract 陆相terrestrial陆缘海marginal sea陆源碎屑岩terrigenous clastic rocks陆表海epeiric sea绿泥岩chlorite绿藻门chlorophyta,卵石质砂岩pebbly sandstone螺管迹gyrolithes洛伦茨迹corenzinia脉状层理flaser bedding漫流sheet flow漫游迹planoliies煤coal煤化作用coalification锰质岩manganess rock觅食迹pascichnia觅食拖迹grazing trails密度底流density underflow密度流density current密度跃层pycnocline磨拉石molasses母岩source rock, parent rock母岩区provenance，source area内成岩endogenetic内栖动物infauna内碎屑intraclast钠长石albite钠长石化albitization能量带energy belt泥mud泥板岩argillite泥晶micrite泥晶套micrite envelope泥粒灰岩（泥质颗粒岩）packstone 泥裂mud crack泥流mud flow泥石流debris flow泥质岩mudrock泥页岩argillutite泥支撑的mud supported泥质的argil拟蠕形迹helminthopsis逆行沙波regressive sand wave逆行沙丘antidune年代地层单位chronostratigraphic unit 鸟眼构造birds-eyes structure鸟足状三角洲bird-foot delta凝灰岩tuff凝聚颗粒aggregate grains凝块灰岩thrombolite牛顿流体Newtonian fluid牛轭湖ox-bow lake爬迹repichnia爬升沙纹层理climbing ripple bedding 爬行crawling拍岸浪surf盘旋虫科spirillinidae螃蟹迹psilonichnus跑动running泡沫痕foam impression盆内岩intrabasinal rock盆外岩石extrabasinal rock片流sheetwash偏度Sk1，skewness漂砾erratic平均粒径Mz平均值mean平行层理parallel bedding平直河straight channel破浪breaker破浪带breaker zone葡萄石grapestones气候带climate belts牵引[作用] traction牵引流tractive current牵引毯状沉积traction carpet前滨foreshore前积层foresets前三角洲沉积prodelta deposit浅海区neritic province浅滩shoal墙形迹teichichus丘状交错层理hummocky cross bedding球度sphericity球粒pellet，pellet peloids球状粒peloid曲带迹curuolithus曲流meander曲流裁直neck cutoff曲流河meandering river取心钻井core drilling全球海平面变化eustatic change of sea level 缺氧事件anoxic event群group群体生物colony(organisms)热云nuee ardente热云岩ignimbrite溶解载荷solutional load熔结凝灰岩ignimbrite蠕形迹helminthoida软流圈asthenosphere软泥ooze弱光带disphotic zone萨布哈（盐沼）sabkha三角洲delta三角洲平原delta plain三角洲前缘delta front三联点triple junction扫毛虫sabellarians沙坝bar沙波sand wave沙流sand flow沙漠desert沙漠相desert facies沙丘dune沙蜀迹arenicolites沙体Sand body沙纹ripples沙嘴spit砂sand砂火山sand volcanoes砂流sand flow砂屑detritus砂屑灰岩calcarenite砂岩sandstone砂枕构造pillow structure 筛状沉积sieve deposition 山鹿冲积平原bajada山麓piedmont珊瑚coral扇砾岩fanglomerate扇三角洲fan delta扇状三角洲fan-like delta 舌菌迹glossiofunhites蛇形迹ophiomorpha深海pelagic, deep sea深海带abyssal zone深海沟deep-sea trench深海平原abyssal深海扇deep-sea fan深泓线thalweg深水bathymetric深水盆地bathymetric basin渗透率permeability生长构造growth structure生物层biostrome生物带biozone生物地层学biostratigraphy生物灰岩biolithite生物礁reef生物颗粒bioclast生物亮晶灰岩biosparite生物内碎屑bioclastic生物泥晶灰岩biomicrite生物丘bioherm生物扰动作用bioturbation生物遗迹化石trace fossil石膏gypsum石化作用lithification石灰岩limestone石漠hamada石英quarts石英砂岩quartz sandstone，silicarenita 石英净砂岩quartz arenite石英杂砂岩quartzwack石针迹skolithos石枝藻litho-thammium始成岩作用eodiagenesis示顶底标志geopetal criterion事实模式actual model数学模式mathematical model刷模brush casts双杯迹diplocraterion双形迹dimorphichus双趾迹diplichifes水道channel水流current，aqueous flow水流痕current mark水流上涌upwelling水流线理current lineation水平层理horizontal bedding水体分层stratification of the water column水下泥石流subaqueous debis flow水下岩崩subaqueous rockfall水悬浮作用aqueous suspension斯科阳迹scoyenia似海生迹thalassinoides似海星迹asteriacites似蠕形迹helminthopsis似藻迹phycodes碎屑颗粒detrital particle燧石flint ，chert他生沉积物allochthonous sediments它形晶anhedral塌积角砾岩collapse braccia塔斯曼迹tasmanadia台地platform苔藓虫fenestrate bryozoans滩bank滩脊beach ridge碳酸盐carbonate碳酸盐岩carbonate rock, carbonatite碳酸盐岩补偿深度carbonate compensation depth 碳酸盐岩隆（建隆）carbonate buildup逃逸构造escape structure逃逸迹fugichnia体系域systems tract天然堤levee，natural levee填集作用packing跳模bounce casts跳跃作用saltation铁岩ironstone铁质岩ferruginous rock停息迹cubchnia同沉积滑塌构造syndepositinal slump structure同生白云岩syngenetic dolostone同生作用syngenesis透光带photic zone透镜状层理lenticular bedding湍流turbulent flow团块lumps退覆层序offlap sequence洼状交错层理swaley cross bedding外成岩exogenetic rock外来岩块exotic block外生沉积物exogentic sediments弯曲锚形迹ancorichnus coronus晚成岩作用telodiagenesis网状（交织）河流anastomosing stream，anastomosed river 微亮晶microspar微斜长石microcline胃形钻孔迹gastrochaenolites温跃层thermoclime纹层laminae，lamination纹层状的laminated纹理lamination纹泥,季节泥varve雯石（霰石）aragonite紊流turbulent flow无光带aphotic zone无粘结性颗粒cohesionless particle物源区provenance矽藻diatom细砾granule线管迹tigllites相facies相变facies change相标志facies mark相对海平面relative sea-level相序facies sequence （succession）向上变粗coarsening-upward向上变浅shoaling-upward，shallowing--upward小潮neap tide小间断diastem斜坡地形clinoform泄水构造water-escape structure泻湖lagoon新生变形作用neomorphism新月形沙丘barchan dune信风trade winds星瓣迹asterosoma休息迹resting traces悬浮（移）负载suspended load选择交代作用selective replacement压扁层理flaser bedding压刻痕toll mark压溶作用pressure solution压实作用compaction盐水楔saltwater wedge岩石地层单位lithostratigraphic unit岩石地层学lithostratigraphy岩石圈lithosphere岩石学petrology岩相lithofacies岩相古地理lithofacies paleogeography岩屑rock fragment，lithic岩屑砂岩lithic sandstone，rock fragment sandstone 岩屑净砂岩litharenite岩屑杂砂岩lithic greywacke岩屑质长石净砂岩lithic arkose岩性lithological沿岸流longshore current沿岸沙坝longshore bar盐度salinity盐湖salt lakes盐碱滩salina氧化作用oxidation页岩shale液化liguefaction液化沉积物流fluidized sediment flow液化作用liquefaction伊利石illite遗迹化石ichnofossil，trace fossil遗迹相ichofacies异化颗粒allochem粘结灰岩bindstones硬砂岩greywacke硬石膏anhydrite涌浪swells尤尔斯特龙图解Hiulstrom diagram油气储层地质建模reservoir geological Modeling 油页岩oil shale游泳生物nekton organisms原生孔隙primary porosity有效孔隙度effective porosity羽状交错层理herringbone cross bedding雨痕rain impression原始古网迹protopalaeodictyon圆度roudness越岸沉积overbank deposit运动迹moving traces韵律层理rhythmic bedding杂基matrix杂基支撑matrix supported杂砂岩graywacke，wacke载荷load再作用面(复活面)reactivation surface藻管迹phycosiphon藻类algae藻团块algae lumps藻团粒algal poliods藻席Algal mats造礁珊瑚hermatypic coral粘度viscosity粘结岩boundstone粘土级clay size粘土矿物clay mineral粘土岩claystone涨潮流flood current帐篷构造tepees障壁barrier障壁岛barrier island障壁沙咀barrier spit障积岩bufflestone沼泽相swamp振荡波痕oscillation ripples蒸发岩evaporites正常鲕normal Oolits正递变的normally graded正化颗粒orthochems正态分布normal distribution直观模式visual model指状沙坝bar-finger sand指状钻孔迹trypanites中成岩作用mesodiagenesis中峰度的mesokertic中砾pebble中值median钟形bell shape众数mode重晶石barite重流层heavy-fluid layer皱饰迹rusophycus蛀木虫迹teredolites铸模mold铸模孔隙moldic porosity铸型cast锥模prod casts坠积物colluvium准层序parasequence准层序组parasequence set浊积石灰岩allodapic limestone浊积岩turbidite浊流turbidity current自生沉积物autochthonous sediments 自生的authigentic自形晶euhedral自悬浮autosuspension 组formation组构fabric钻孔迹trypanites。