限定词以及不定限定词的具体用法搭配详解
限定词的种类
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限定词的种类限定词是英语中一类用来修饰名词或名词性短语的词汇,起到限制或具体化名词的作用。
在英语语法中,常见的限定词包括冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词、数量词、基数词、序数词、不定代词等。
本文将分别介绍并解释这些限定词的种类和用法。
一、冠词 (Articles)冠词是指用来限定名词范围的词语,分为定冠词和不定冠词两种。
1. 定冠词 (Definite Articles)定冠词包括"the",用于特指已提及或共知的人、事物或概念。
例如:- The book on the table is mine.(桌子上的那本书是我的。
)- The sun rises in the east.(太阳从东方升起。
)2. 不定冠词 (Indefinite Articles)不定冠词包括"a"和"an",用于泛指或表示名词是一个类别中的任意一个。
例如:- I saw a bird in the garden.(我在花园里看到一只鸟。
)- She wants to be an actress.(她想成为一名女演员。
)二、指示代词 (Demonstrative Pronouns)指示代词指代特定的人、事物或位置,并且根据离说话人的距离分为远指和近指两种。
1. 远指代词远指代词包括"that"和"those",用于指代离说话人较远的事物或人们。
例如:- That is a beautiful sunset.(那是一个美丽的日落。
)- Look at those flowers over there.(看看那边的花。
)2. 近指代词近指代词包括"this"和"these",用于指代离说话人较近的事物或人们。
例如:- This is my new car.(这是我的新车。
)- These are my friends.(这些是我的朋友。
英语语法---限定词
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限定词(determiner)限定词的先后顺序: 前位---中位---后位(一个名词中心词之前不可并用两个前位限定词或两个中位限定词)冠词的表意功能(1)The ten of them have passed the final examination.Ten of them have passed the final examination.Ten of the (these/his) students have passed the final examination.(2)They asked to stop counting presidential votes for a second time.(3)Every boy and every girl___(have) his merits.Every young man, young lady,and child ___(be) requested to take part.Many a person___(be) going to the take the test.(4)Other or anotherCalifornia covers a large area than __________state except Alaska and Texas.Out of the three foreign guests, one is from Frankfurt, ______two are from Vienna.. Don'.los.heart.Hav.___try.There's room for _________people in the back of the bus.(5). ing.We'l.hav.____.five-da.holiday.(6)冠词的用法Who is ___captain of your team?. Mr.Reaga.wa.electe.___Presiden.o.th.Unite.State.i.1980.Charles Dickens,__author of David Copperfield, was a distinguished English novelist.As ____physician, he does not deserve much praise.He was covered with snow from ___head to __foot.The relation between ___teacher and ___student is excellent.This room serves the triple purpose of ___study, ___bedroom and ____sitting room. The old man was sitting in a chair, ___pipe in ___hand.He sat at ___ table, ___coat off, ___head down, and __pen in ___hand.What kind of ___man is he?What sort of ___book do you want?The work is ____pleasure to me.She has developed ___love for labour.Physics is ____ science.He spoke with _____ enthusiasm which inspired us all.Do you like ___ music of ___film?Phonetics is ____science of speech sounds。
限定词、冠词
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一、数量限定词(表示名词的数量)
1、数量限定词 英文中的数量词常用的有: ⑴只与可数名词连用 ①只接单数的:one, each, every ②只接复数的:two, three, etc., both, a couple of, a few, few, several, man, a number of ⑵只与不可数名词连用:a little, little, much, a great deal(amount) of, a large number of ⑶与可数名词复数或不可数名词连用均可:not any, some, a lot of, lots of, plenty of, most, all
2、名词与冠词使用的重要技巧 、 从名词角度来看,对于名词与冠词的使用, 从名词角度来看,对于名词与冠词的使用,以 下几条是核心: 下几条是核心: 单数可数名词:单数可数名词不能单独使用, ⑴ 单数可数名词:单数可数名词不能单独使用, 必须与冠词或其它限定词连用。 必须与冠词或其它限定词连用。 复数名词和不可数名词: ⑵ 复数名词和不可数名词:对于复数名词和不 可数名词,以下两点必须掌握: 可数名词,以下两点必须掌握: 1)不能与不定冠词 连用。 )不能与不定冠词a(n)连用。 连用 2)复数名词或不可数名词在表示泛指时,不 )复数名词或不可数名词在表示泛指时, 可用the。复数名词或不可数名词在表示 可用 。复数名词或不可数名词在表示特指 时,要用the。 。
⑵ 在谈到说话人和听话人双方都知道的事物 时,要用the。比如在自己家的房间里,我们 要用 。比如在自己家的房间里, 要说the light, the floor, the door, the 要说 window, the carpet。例如: 。例如: ①Can you turn off the light, please? (= = the light in our room) ②Shut the door, please! ③How do you like the film? ④A: Do you need the car today, honey? B: Yes. I have a lot of things to do. Why don’t I drive you to work today? C: OK. But be sure to fill the car up with gas.
专四语法专题复习:限定词
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限定词与三类名词的搭配关系
限定词与限定词的搭配关系
若干限定词用法比较
(1)能与三类名词搭配的限定词
有些限定词如the,some,any,no,other,whose以及my, your等物主限定词和名词属格(John’s,my friend’s)等能与三类 名词搭配。例如: the book the books the money my book my books my money my friend’s book my friend’s boods my friend’s money any book any books any money some book some books some money no book no books no money the other book the other books the other money whose book whose books whose money
个别限定词有跨类现象,如such既属于前位限定 词,又可归入后位限定词。由于它只是在such a ...和 such an …这样的搭配中属于前位限定词,而在与其 他限定词(some,any,no,all,few,another, other,many,one,two等)搭配时,such则是后位 限定词,一律放在上述这些限定词的后面,如some such,any such,no such,few such,one such等,因 此把它归入后位限定词。
(6)能与单数名词和不可数名词搭配的限定词
有些限定词如this,that等能与单数名词和不可数名词搭配。 例如: this/that job this/that work
(7)能与复数名词和不可数名词搭配的限定词
限定词顺序口诀及解析
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限定词顺序口诀及解析前位限定词: such , what, half ,both, all百分比,分(数),倍(数)属前位水火不容,避同现中位限定词:中位阵容很庞大形容词性物主代,冠词,名词格,指示代,连词,不定限定词包括哪些要记清同时出现有条件巧用 of 来转换后位限定词:序数与类序基数与量数先序后基可共存量词在基后面跟量词与名词紧相邻形影不离不拆散(1)前位限定词包括:①不定限定词(Indefinite determiner) all, both, half②倍数词(Multiplicative numeral) double, twice, three times, etc.③分数词(Fractional numeral) one-third, two-fifths, etc;④what,such,(a/an),etc(2)中位限定词包括:①定冠词(Definite article) the;②不定冠词(Indefinite article) a, an③零冠词(Zero article)④指示限定词(Demonstrative determiner) this, that, these, those⑤物主限定词 (Possessive determiner) my,your,his,her, our,your,their,one’s,its⑥名词属格(Genitive noun) Tom’s,my father’s;⑦不定限定词(Indefinite determiner) some, any, no, every,each,either,neither,enough;⑧连接代词 what (ever), which (ever), whose,so……that ,etc(3) 后位限定词包括:①基数词(Cardinal numeral) one, two, three, etc;②序数词(Ordinal numeral) first, second, third, etc;③类序数词 next, last, other, another, etc;④量词 (Quantifier) many, much, (a) few, (a) little, fewer, (the) fewest,less,(the)least,more,most;several,plenty of,a lot of,lots of,a great/large/good number of,a great/good deal of,a large/small amount of;⑤such, etc限定词之间的搭配顺序:前+中+后根据限定词在名词前的位置关系,即如果一个名词词组带有上述三类限定词,其搭配关系总是按照前位词放在第一位,中位限定词放在第二位,接着是后位限定词,即按“前位—中位—后位”的顺序排列。
语法5(限定词1)
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• 2. each, every的用法 • each用作限定词,后面接单数(可数)名词,但当出现另外一 个限定词时(如冠词,物主代词,指示代词),要用each of, 后面接复数名词,each of也可以用在人称代词前。 • e.g. I) Each day is better than the one before. • II) I’ve invited each of my colleagues in turn. 我一一邀 请了我的每一位同事。 • III) She phoned each of us. 她给我们每人都打了电话。
• each和every都可以表示全体中的“每个”,但它们的意思 并不完全一样,区别在于:
• 1) each可以用来指两个或两个以上的人或物,而every却总是指三个或 三个以上的人或物。 • e.g. I) Every student in the class took part in the performance. 班里 每个同学都参加了演出。 • II) Each side of the street was crowded with people. 街道的两边 都挤满了人。 • 2) every和each的区别还在于every指许多人或物中的“每一个”,侧 重于总体概念,意思类似于all。而each则指许多人或物中的“各个”, 侧重于个别。 • e.g. I) Every pupil failed the test. = All the pupils failed the test. 所有 小学生都没有通过考试。 • II) We want every student to succeed. = We want all the students to succeed. 我们想要每个学生都成功。 • III) Each child will find his or her own personal road to success. 每个孩子都将会找到他或她自己的成功之路。 • IV) The president shook hands with each player in turn after the game. 赛后,总统和每一位选手都握了手。
限定词的具体分类和用法详解
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限定词的具体分类和用法详解限定词一般指修饰名词,具有限定和限制specifying 的作用,精确指定某物的范围,或与句子的其他成分的关系,从而对话语的完整性、准确性有重要影响。
可分为定冠词、不定冠词、指示代词、疑问代词等。
一、定冠词定冠词又称固定冠词,一般用来限定某一具体的人或事,或特指某一个人、某一件事,这类冠词一般有the、this、that、these、those 等。
1.the 的功能非常多,有时用作介词,表示“把……放到……的(上、里、中)”,如:We put the bottle on the table. 我们把瓶子放到桌上。
其用作冠词做定语常见的情况有:(1) 下列情况下,一般不可用形容词性定语:代名词、指示代词、物主代词等可以被the 所修饰。
He opened the door and went in. 他打开了那扇门走了进去。
This is the room where the accident happened. 这是发生事故的房间。
(2) 当某事物只有一个,或某个范畴只有一个代表性的人或物时,可以用the 来作定语。
2.this、that、these、those,作定语有下列用法:(1)this、that 指示距离说话者近远的事物,this 表示“这”,that 表示“那”,如:I bought this coat a month ago. 我一个月前买的这件外衣。
That car needs a new engine. 那辆车需要换个新发动机。
These flowers are very beautiful. 这些花很漂亮。
Those books are in the classroom. 那些书放在教室里。
不定冠词又称不限定冠词,一般用来限定所指范围被看做未定的人或物,或限定所指多种可能。
不定冠词一般有a、an 和some 等,是定冠词的反义词。
1.a 和an 的用法如下:(1)a 用于以元音音素(a、e、i、o、u) 开头的单数可数名词前,而an 则用于以辅音音素开头的单数可数名词前。
不定代词用法
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不定代词用法(1) 不定代词与限定词不定代词又称不明确代词,是用来替代具体的人或物,代替先行词,用来表示一类人或物。
类型有:somebody(某人),anybody(任何人),everyone(每个人),no one(无人),anything(任何事),somthing(一些事)。
比如:Everybody loves peace.这里的everybody就是替代所有人的,它是一类人的代词。
限定词(determiner)和不定代词的功用都是替换先行词,但两者的差别是,限定词把一类人或物限定范围,例如某个人或某样物。
具体来讲,单数限定词包括 the(定冠词),a(不定冠词),an(不定冠词),this(这),that(那),my(我的),your(你的)。
复数限定词包括these(这些),those(那些),some(一些),few(几个),many(许多),both(两者),all(所有)。
比如:The doctor is helping the children.这里的the限定词把”医生“这种物范围限定成了一个,指示先行词doctor指代的是一位具体的人,而不是一类人,一类物。
(2) 不定代词与名词不定代词常常紧跟名词一起构成短语,表示一类或多类先行词。
有时不定代词替代先行词中的名词,有时又用作补充,在名词和形容词之间,用来确定这个名词指代什么。
比如:Give me something to read.这句话的something就是一类人或物的不定代词,来补充表示具体的读物,而不是吃物或看物。
(3) 不定代词与名词性短语不定代词与名词性短语在句子中也有不同的用法,例如:He has something to say.这里的something就是一类人或物的不定代词,来补充表示”要说的“,而不是具体的内容。
(4) 不定代词与不定式不定代词也可以和不定式一起构成短语,表示一类或多类的动作,主要有something to do,something to think,something to say等,比如:He has something to do.这里的something就是一类人或物的不定代词,来补充表示”要做的“,而不是具体的事情。
(完整版)专四语法专题复习:限定词解读
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➢限定词与三类名词的搭配关系
➢限定词与限定词的搭配关系 ➢若干限定词用法比较
(1)能与三类名词搭配的限定词
有些限定词如the,some,any,no,other,whose以及my, your等物主限定词和名词属格(John’s,my friend’s)等能与三类 名词搭配。例如:
the book
either, neither, enough); • 5、疑问限定词和关系限定词: what (ever),
which (ever),whose
b) 前位限定词包括 all,both,half; double,twice,three times等; one-third,two-fifths等; what,such (a/ an) (跨类限定词)。
A. the other B. enough C. a little D. much
4. There’s _C_ water in the bottle.
A. few B. a number of C. plenty of D. any
5. There is _C_ iron in this mine than in that one.
7. He has published _B_ short stories in English.
A. a great amount of B. a number of C. another D. many a
8. We had _D_ rainfalls last summer.
A. too much B. little C. a little D. only several
both workers
(a) few words
大学英语限定词经典解读
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2、不定限定词a few, few, a little, little
很多, 没多少 有一些 许多 (否定) (肯定) 用于可数名词
用于不可数名词
many
much
few
little
a few
a little
⑴ 与名词搭配 a few, few后面只能接可数名词复数;而a little, little后面只能接不可数名词
other本身的其他用法
1) other之前可以有其他限定词修饰。如:some, any, every, one/two/three, no, many, his/my/their… ①Can you give me some other reference books? ②every other day ③no other tools ④Have you got any other colors? 2)other/the other: “other+名词”表不确定的“其他 的…,另外的…”;“the other+名词”表特定的“剩下 其余的…”。 ①Some metals are magnetic and other metals are not. ②Of all metals, only mercury is liquid and the other metals are solid. 3)other/others: other只能作限定词来用,后面必须接名 词,不能说:Other are…;与此相反,others只能用作
4. 不定限定词 another, other
⑴ 从与名词搭配来看,another只能与单数可数 名词连用,表示不确定的“另一个”、“再 一个”。如another day,而不说another days, another water(可以说another cup of water)。 然而,other可与单数或复数可数名词以及不可 数名词连用,表示不确定的“另外的”、 “其余的”人或物。如other boys, the other boy(s), other fish。
限定词语法要点
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限定词语法要点(Main points)1) Determiners are used at the beginning of noun groups.限定词用于名词短语前面。
2)You use specific determiners when people know exactly which things or people you are talking about.当所涉及之人物或事物确定,使用特定限定词。
3)You use general determiners to talk about people or things without saying exactly who or what they are.当所涉及人物或事物不确定,使用不定限定词。
语法透析1) When you use a determiner, you put it at the beginning of a noun group, in front of numbers or adjectives.限定词用于名词短语前面,置于数字或形容词之前。
例如:1) I met the two Swedish girls in London. 我在伦敦碰见那两个瑞典女孩。
2) Several young boys were waiting. 好几个小男孩在等待。
2) When the people or things that you are talking about have already been mentioned, or the people you are talkingto know exactly which ones you mean, you use a specific determiner.当所涉及之人物或事物确定或是在前文已被提及,使用特定限定词。
例如:1) Young people don’t like these operas. 年轻人不喜欢这些戏剧。
限定词
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限定词(Determiners)(一)概述:限定词是对名词词组中心词起特指或泛指、定量或不定量等限定作用的一类词。
限定词包括冠词、不定代词、指示代词、名词或代词所有格、数词与某些形容词性的物主代词。
(二)限定词包括哪些:①冠词:a, an, the②形容词性物主代词:my, your, her, his, our, their, one’s, its③指示代词:this, that, these, those④不定代词:all, both, one, any, some, no, another, either, neither, and est.⑤形容词:every, each, such, next, last, other, and est.⑥副词:twice, three, times, double, and est.⑦数词:one, two, three, first, second, one-third, and est.⑧名词的S所有格:Mary’s, China’s, teacher’s, and est.⑨量词短语:a lot of, a bit of, a number of, a great deal of, plenty of, and est.例如:The building has an emergency exit on every floor.冠词的用法:(1)定冠词(the)的用法:a. 用于单数名词前,代表某一类人或物。
例如:--This is easier for the teacher than for the student.--The whale is in danger of becoming extinct.--The compass was invented in ancient China.b. 用于指世上独一无二的东西,如The sun, the moon, the earth, the sky, the universe, the outer space, the world, the globe, the atmosphere等。
语法解析-限定词
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定词是与名词密切相关的词类,包括冠词( a ( n ),the )、形容词性指示代词( this ,that, these,those )、形容词性物主代词 ( my,your ,our,etc .)、形容词性不定代词( both,every ,much,some, etc .)、数词( one,two ,etc ;first ,second,etc .;one-third,three-fifths ,etc .) 和特指形容词 ( next,only,etc .)。
限定词用于名词的前面,限定名词所指的范围,表示该名词是特指还是泛指,是定量还是不定量。
限定词的使用并非随意,受着名词种类及形式的制约,与名词有着特定的搭配关系,在多个限定词连用时相互之间还有着相对固定的位置限定词一般不用于专有名词,用于普通名词时要根据名词的数和类别来决定。
普通名词可分为如下三类:单数可数名词,如: a desk, a pencil 等。
复数可数名词,如: desks, pencils 等。
不可数名词,如: coffee, fire 等。
各限定词与三类名词搭配关系可分为以下几种情况:A. 能与三类名词搭配的限定词定冠词 the, 如:the book, the books, the bread 等。
物主代词、名词所有格,如: my /John's book my /John's books my /John's breadall / some / any / no ,如: all / some / any / no book all / some / any / no booksall / some / any / no breadother / such ,如: other / such student other / such studentswh -words (eg. what, which, whose 等)。
英语不定代词限定词用法
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--
enough(of)指人或物
enough(of)指物
such指人或物
such指人或物
such指物
the last+名词单数,指人或物
the last+名词复数,指人或物
the next+名词单数,指人或物
the next+名词复数,指人或物
no other +名词复数
no指物
(=not any +不可数名词)
one(of)指人或物
one another
ones指人或物
that指物
The weather here is better than that inShanghai.
half(of)指人或物
half(of)指人或物
half(of)指物
a quantity of
quantities of
lots of许多
a lot(of)许多
plenty of很多
a great/good deal/amount of大量的
a quantity of
quantities of
any(of)指人或物
anyone, anything
用于否定,疑问和条件句中。
--
--
every每一个(作定语)
every other day
everybody(one)人
every one(of)人或物
指三个或三个以上的人和物。侧重全体。
every two days
--
--
few(具有否定意义)
a few
quitefew
大学英语语法之限定词,6.2
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典型例题: 1) Tony is going camping with ___ boys. A. little two other B. two little other C. two other little D. little other two 答案:C。由“限定词--数词--描绘词--(大小,长短,形状,新 旧,颜色) --性质--名词”的公式可知数词,描绘词,性质依次顺 序。 2) One day they crossed the ____bridge behind the palace. A. old Chinese stone B. Chinese old stone C. old stone Chinese D. Chinese stone old 答案A. 几个形容词修饰一个名词,他们的排列顺序是:年龄, 形状,大小+颜色+来源+质地+用途+国家+名词。
2 .( 2004 年浙江卷 24 题) ______ students are required to take part in the boat ra ce. A. Ten strong young Chinese B. Ten Chinese strong young C. Chinese ten young strong D. Young strong ten Chinese 3 .( 2004 年辽宁卷 22 题) John Smith , a successful businessman , has a . A . large German white B . large white German C . white large German D . German large white
个别跨类现象
限定词以及不定限定词的具体用法搭配详解
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限定词(determiner)限定词是在名词词组中对名词中心词起特指、泛指、定量或不定量等限定作用的一类词。
一、英语限定词种类1.定冠词,不定冠词,零冠词。
如:the, a2.名词属格。
如:my friend’s, Tom’s…3.物主限定词。
如: my, your …4.指示限定词。
如:this, that, these, those, such…5.疑问限定词。
如:what, whose, which…6.关系限定词。
如:which, whose…7.不定限定词。
如:some, any, each, every, either, neither, all8.数词(基数词、序数词、倍数词、分数词)9.量词。
如:a lot of, lots of , a great/good deal of ,a great/large/good number of …二、限定词与三类名词的搭配关系限定词按它词汇意义可分为特指限定词、泛指限定词、定量限定词、不定量限定词四大类。
这四类限定词有的能与单数、复数可数名词搭配,也可与不可数名词搭配1)能与三类名词搭配的限定词主要有:the; my, John’s, the old man’s…; some, any, no, all, other, such, what(ever), which (ever), whose…eg. the book----the books----the money,my book----my books----my moneyJohn’s book--- John’s books---- John’s money2) 能与单数名词搭配的限定词。
如:a (n) , each, every, another, either ,one, neither, many a, such a (n) …eg. each worker,every student,either book,another book3) 能与复数名词搭配的限定词。
限定词的具体分类和用法详解
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限定词( determiner)限定词是在名词词组中对名词中心词起特指、泛指、定量或不定量等限定作用的一类词。
一、英语限定词种类1. 定冠词,不定冠词,零冠词。
如: the, a2. 名词属格。
女口: my friend ' s, Tom s …3. 物主限定词。
如:my, your…4. 指示限定词。
如: this, that, these, those, such …5. 疑问限定词。
如: what, whose, which …6. 关系限定词。
如: which, whose …7. 不定限定词。
如: some, any, each, every, either, neither, all8. 数词 (基数词、序数词、倍数词、分数词 )9. 量词。
如: a lot of, lots of , a great/good deal of ,a great/large/good number of二、限定词与三类名词的搭配关系限定词按它词汇意义可分为特指限定词、泛指限定词、定量限定词、不定量限定词四大类。
这四类限定词有的能与单数、复数可数名词搭配,也可与不可数名词搭配1) 能与三类名词搭配的限定词主要有the; my, John ' s, the old man ' s…;some, any, no, all, other, such, what ( ever ), which (ever), whoseeg. the book - the books ------ the money,my book ---- my books -- my moneyJohn ' s book--- John ' s books -- John 's money2) 能与单数名词搭配的限定词。
如 :a (n) , each, every, another, either ,one, neither, many a, such a(n) …eg. each worker , every student ,either book ,another book3) 能与复数名词搭配的限定词。
限定词的使用技巧
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限定词的使用技巧在使用英语写作时,恰当地使用限定词是非常重要的,它们可以帮助我们准确地表达自己的意思,并且使文章更加丰富多样。
本文将介绍一些使用限定词的技巧,帮助你提升写作水平。
一、冠词的运用冠词是最基本的限定词,包括定冠词(the)和不定冠词(a/an)。
使用冠词时,需要注意以下几点:1. 特指与泛指:定冠词“the”用于特指已知的人或事物,而不定冠词“a/an”用于泛指某一类人或事物。
例子:- The car parked outside is mine.(停在外面的车是我的。
)- I saw a cat on the street.(我在街上看到了一只猫。
)2. 单数与复数:冠词与名词的数要保持一致。
例子:- She has a dog and three cats.(她有一只狗和三只猫。
)- The students are studying for the exam.(学生们正在备考。
)3. 姓氏与复姓:使用冠词“the”表示特定的姓氏,而不使用冠词“the”表示泛指或复姓。
例子:- The Smiths are having dinner.(史密斯一家正在吃晚饭。
)- I went to see Smith yesterday.(昨天我去看望史密斯。
)二、限定词的搭配运用除了冠词,还有一些其他的限定词可以帮助我们更准确地表达意思,如表格中所示:限定词 | 搭配用法 | 例子---------------|---------------------------------------|------------------------some | 用于肯定句,表示“一些”,表示数量不确定 | I have some books on the shelf.any | 用于否定句和疑问句,表示“任何”,表示数量不确定 | I don't have any books on the shelf.several | 用于肯定句,表示“几个” | I have several books on the shelf.few/a few | 用于否定句,表示“几乎没有/有几个” | I have a few books on the shelf.many | 用于肯定句,表示“许多” | There are many books on the shelf.much | 用于否定句和疑问句,表示“许多” | There isn't much water in the bottle.most | 用于肯定句,表示“大多数” | Most people prefer coffee to tea.each | 用于单数可数名词前,表示“每个” | Each student needs a textbook.三、限定词的位置限定词通常位于名词之前,但也可以放在形容词之前。
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限定词(determiner)限定词是在名词词组中对名词中心词起特指、泛指、定量或不定量等限定作用的一类词。
一、英语限定词种类1.定冠词,不定冠词,零冠词。
如:the, a2.名词属格。
如:my friend’s, Tom’s…3.物主限定词。
如: my, your …4.指示限定词。
如:this, that, these, those, such…5.疑问限定词。
如:what, whose, which…6.关系限定词。
如:which, whose…7.不定限定词。
如:some, any, each, every, either, neither, all8.数词(基数词、序数词、倍数词、分数词)9.量词。
如:a lot of, lots of , a great/good deal of ,a great/large/good number of …二、限定词与三类名词的搭配关系限定词按它词汇意义可分为特指限定词、泛指限定词、定量限定词、不定量限定词四大类。
这四类限定词有的能与单数、复数可数名词搭配,也可与不可数名词搭配1)能与三类名词搭配的限定词主要有:the; my, John’s, the old man’s…; some, any, no, all, other, such, what(ever), which (ever), whose…eg. the book----the books----the money,my book----my books----my moneyJohn’s book--- John’s books---- John’s money2) 能与单数名词搭配的限定词。
如:a (n) , each, every, another, either ,one, neither, many a, such a (n) …eg. each worker,every student,either book,another book3) 能与复数名词搭配的限定词。
如:both, two, another two (three), many,(a) few, several, these, those, a (great) number of …如:two girls,(a)few words,several students4) 能与不可数名词搭配的限定词,如:a bit of, a large amount of, a great deal of, (a) littlemuch, less, (the) least…a bit of water,a large amount of money,much noise5) 能与单复数名词搭配的限定词。
如:the first, the second, the last, the next, the other…the first rose,the first roses,the last man, the last menthe next meeting,the next meetings,many a ship,manyships…注意:用了many a +单数可数名词作主语,尽管是复数意义,其后的动词还是要用单数形式。
6) 能与单数名词和不可数名词搭配的限定词。
如(the)least,this,that…the least knowledge, this/that work, this/that job7) 能与复数名词和不可数名词搭配的限定词。
如:a lot of, lots of, plenty of, enough, more, most, such, other…. 如:a lot of books, a lot of money, lots of chairs, lots of food, such men, such bread…Ex:下面的练习,要求注意限定词与三类名词的搭配关系。
1. Why is there___traffic on the streets in February than in May?A. lessB. fewerC. fewD. little2. On account of the typhoon ____shipment will arrivethis week.A. neitherB. allC. bothD. these3. They paid___money for the machine than I expected.A. littleB. lessC. muchD. fewer4.There are trees on ___side of the street.A. such aB. bothC. someD. each5.Have you got ___copies to go round?A. the otherB. enoughC. a littleD. much6.I saw ___cars outside the building .A. a littleB. anyC. lots ofD. neither7.Th ere’s____water in the bottle.A. fewB. a number ofC. plenty ofD.any8.I’d like ____paper.A. a fewB. severalC. a bit ofD. these9.There are ___mistakes in the paper.A. theB. a littleC. muchD. a few10.Do they have____air-conditioners for cooling the roomsin summer?A. many aB. enoughC. a great deal ofD. a bit of11. Don’t worry about the seats. There are ___chairs inthe room.A. plenty ofB. anyC. bothD. most12. There is ___iron in this mine than in that one.A. muchB. a great deal ofC. lessD. a lot of___work has to be done before the plant goes intooperation.A. MuchB. DoubleC. A number ofD. Neither14. He wrote___ essays on Victorian novels in his class.A. the nextB. the mostC. the otherD. the more15. The model worker had ___thought of his own interests.A. the lastB. lessC. the leastD. another16.There must be ___empty talk but more hard work .A. fewerB. no C .the least D. less17. He has published ____short stories in English.A. a great amount of B .a number ofC. anotherD. many a18. We had___rainfalls last summer.A. too muchB. littleC. a littleD. only several三、限定词与限定词之间的先后顺序关系在名词词组中心词之前如果有两个或两个以上限定词出现时,就会产生限定词的先后顺序问题。
按其不同的搭配位置,限定词可分为前位限定词:all, both, half;double,twice, three times; one-third, two fifths; what, such (a /an) …中位限定词:(1) 定冠词和不定冠词;(2) 物主限定词(my, your…(3)指示限定词(this, that, these,those);(4) ’s属格名词;(5) 不定数量词(如some, enough ,no, any, every, each, either, neither);(6) 疑问限定词what, which, whose;(7) 关系限定词which, whose;(8) 带ever的wh-词,如whatever, whichever, whoever。
后位限定词(1):(1) 基数词;(2) 序数词和一般序数词next, last, (an) other, additional, further;(3) 封闭数量词(a) few, fewer, several, most, more, many, much, (a) little, less, least;后位限定词(2):plenty of, a bit of , a lot of , lots of, a great deal/quantity/amount /number of …如果一个名词词组带有上述三类限定词,其搭配关系总是按照“前位—中位—后位”的顺序排列。
如:all the four teachers前中后all your three books前中后all these last few days前中后后如果只有上述两类限定词,其搭配关系仍按照上述顺序half his lecture前中those last few months中后后all other students前后such a misfortune前中some such alloy中后such既属于前位限定词,又可归纳后位限定词。
在such a…和such an …搭配中属于前位限定词,而在与其他限定词some, any, no, all, one, many 等搭配时, such 则是后位限定词。
由上述例子可以看出,中位限定词之间和前位限定词之间是互相排斥的,即一个名词中心词之前不可并用两个中位限定词或两个前位限定词。
所以“我的那本书”不是“my that book”而是that book of mine,因为my 和that 同是中位限定词,不可同时并列。
但后位限定词的使用却不受此限制。
如:many more copies, three other girls, his last two books, the first two chapters等都是后位限定词重叠使用的实例。