汽车座椅项目计划书

1977
Voyager
NASA launches Voyagers 1 and 2 powered by MHWRTG3, a Silicon Germanium (SiGe) thermoelectric generator. Voyager 1 becomes the first manmade object to exit the solar system and enter interstellar space after being continuously powered by a thermoelectric generator for 36 years.
1854
Thermo
-electric
William Thomson, also known as Lord Kelvin, finds that the Seebeck and Peltier effects are related, indicating that any thermoelectric material can be used to either generate power in a temperature gradient or pump heat with an applied current.
固态材料技术特点： • 可靠性 • 无机械部件 • 不产生震动、噪音 • 生产成本低
引入“石墨烯”技术 引入石墨烯技术作为横向平面 导热材料，使得热电产品的热 传导效果达到最佳。
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固态材料加热/冷却系统与传统机械加热/冷却系统对比
固态材料热电“热泵”
VS.
气体压缩机
物理特性 • 体积小 • 重量轻，高度压缩 • 无噪音 环境影响
ຫໍສະໝຸດ Baidu
materials produces heating or cooling
at their junction. This is known as
"Peltier effect," and will later be used
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to make refrigerators.
1959
First Thermoelectric Refrig.
恒力投资的汽车座椅加热/冷却系统
基于固态元件的加热单元—— 下一代加热/冷却系统
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项目简介
背景 项目位于美国北卡莱罗纳州，2013年成立至今致力于开发热电技术 （Thermoelectric），目标是用基于固态材料的加热元件替代传统加热/冷却系统。
技术亮点 • 专家团队有累计50多年的热电产品开发经验 • 拥有众多热电技术知识产权 • 与美国Intel、Lockheed、United Technologies、General Dynamics等企业有合 作项目 • 进行ARL、DARPA、ONR等商业项目 • 在《自然》和《自然纳米技术》等杂志发表技术
热电元件中不使用任何化学试剂 可靠性
不含机械零件，使得系统可靠性高
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物理特性 • 体积、重量庞大 • 噪音大 环境影响
气体压缩机使用氟利昂，对环境破坏十分严重 可靠性
机械零件容易断裂，可靠性低，效率低
固态热电材料发展历史
1821
Seebeck effect
Seebeck discovers that a circuit made from two dissimilar materials produced a voltage when their junctions were at different temperatures. It is later understood that a voltage will be induced in any material in a temperature gradient, known as the "Seebeck effect,"
Westinghouse unveils a full-size home refrigerator based on Bismuth Telluride (Bi2Te3) Peltier thermoelectrics. While commercially unsuccessful, later thermoelectric refrigerators would become prevalent as wine coolers for homes.
1947
5% Efficiency TEG
Maria Telkes constructs the first thermoelectric power generator with an efficiency of 5%.
Peltier discovers that passing an
electric current through two dissimilar
1930
The first radio powered by thermoelectrics is publicized.
1954
0⁰C Cooling
H. Julian Goldsmid cools a surface to 0° C using a thermoelectric Peltier cooler based on Bismuth Telluride (Bi2Te3).
1834
Peltier effect
1911
ZT (figure of merit)
Altenkirch correctly derives the maximum efficiency of a thermoelectric generator (1909) and performance of a cooler (1911), which later developed into the 'thermoelectric figure of merit' z.
美国中心 • 技术研发中心 • 试样生产中心
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位于美国北卡的科研三角的研发中心
固态材料热电技术
热电技术两大应用：
1. 加热/冷却—固态材料“热泵” • 汽车座椅加热/冷却 • 空调 • 冰箱
2. 利用热源进行发电 • 发电站废热回收 • 地热发电站热电转换 • 交通工具废热回收：飞机、轮船、汽车、卡车