各种句子类型列表

各种句子类型列表
1. 简单句：五种基本句型构成的句子
2. 并列句---简单理解就是用并列连词(and,or,but,so等)连接起来的简单句就叫并列句
I help him and he helps me.我帮助他，他帮助我。

（并列连词是and）
This is our first lesson, so I don't know all your names. 这是我们的第一堂课，因此我不知道大家的名字。

(并列连词so前有逗号）
She likes bread and milk, but she doesn't like eggs at all. 她喜欢面包和牛奶，但她一点也不喜欢鸡蛋。

（并列连词是but）
Hurry up, or you'll be late. 快点，否则你就会迟到。

（并列连词是or）
3. 主语从句：
1. A tree has fallen across the road.
2. They are both college students.
3. Smoking is bad for you.
4. To find your way can be a problem.
以上做主语的是常见的名词，代词，动名词，不定式等；
That we all like the delicious food in Longshan is true.
What we like most is the food in Longshan.
Whether you like the food in Longshan is not important.
How you persuaded the uncle to give you more food makes me curious.
When we will arrive doesn’t matter.
Where I will spend my holiday is none of your business.
Why he did so is unknown.
Which book you will choose is OK.
Whatever you do will have our support.
以上做主语的是句子，该类型句子称为主语从句-----从句意思完整用that引导(that不可省略)，其他wh-/how 则根据其本来意思理解，if不引导主语从句
4. 宾语从句：
能做主语的是常见的名词，代词，动名词，不定式等，也可以做宾语
I like money.
They all like her.
All of them enjoy dancing.
We decide to go early.
引导宾语从句的引导词有that(可省略), if/ whether, wh-, how
所有引导词均按其本来意思理解
The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.
I don’t know if/whether he will come tomorrow.
Do you know which film they are talking about?
I don’t know where he lives.
He is wondering when he can finish this difficult job.
Do you know what he had at noon?
5. 表语从句
用法跟宾语从句一样，区别在于引导词多了几个：
that(不可省) / whether /as if /as though (if不引导表语从句)
wh-/ how / because
所有引导词均按其本来意思理解
My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow.
The question is whether it is worth doing.
She looks as if she is worried about her father’s disease.
The question is how he did it.
That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic.
That is where he was born.
He was sent to the hospital. That’s because he was ill.
6. 定语从句
常见作定语的有名词，数词，代词，现在分词，过去分词
They are women drivers.
She has read ten books.
My car is parked over there.
There is a swimming pool on the fifth floor.
Please call someone to repair the broken window.
引导词有：that/which,who/whom,whose,when,why,where, 没有if，没有how，没有what
以上引导词均不能按其本来意思理解，要参考其前面修饰的名词/代词
Is this the factory that/which you visited last week?
Tom, who went to the concert yesterday, is a friend of mine.
The man whom my father is talking to is my teacher.
My aunt lives in a room whose window opens to the south.
The day when she played with us was never to be forgotten.
The reason why she gave up teaching was her serious illness.
This is the factory where they worked ten years ago.
7. 状语从句：
表示时间的状语从句可由when, as，while, whenever, after, before, till (until), since, once, as soon as (或the moment )，every time等引导。

e.g. When I came into the office, the teachers were having a meeting.
原因状语从句是表示原因或理由的，引导这类从句的最常用的连词是because, since, as , now that（既然）等
He is disappointed because he didn't get the position.
引导地点状语从句的连词是where 和wherever等。

Sit wherever you like.
结果状语从句是表示事态结果的从句，通常主句是原因，从句是结果。

由so that （从句谓语
一般没有情态动词）, so … that, such … that等引导。

e.g. She was ill, so that she didn’t attend the meeting.
He was so excited that he could not say a word.
条件状语从句分真实性（有可能实现的事情）与非真实性（条件与事实相反或者在说话者看来不大可能实现的事情）条件句。

引导条件状语从句的词（组）主要有if, unless, so (as) long as, on condition that, so (as) far as, if only ( = if )。

注意：条件从句中的if 不能用whether替换。

e.g. If he is not in the office, he must be out for lunch.
You may borrow the book so long as you keep it clean.
让步状语从句可由although, though, as, even if (though), no matter who (when, what, …)等引导。

注意：as引导的让步状语从句一般是倒装的。

e.g. Though he is a child, he knows a lot.
状语从句的引导词均按其本来意思理解，状语从句引导词没有that，没有what，没有whether，没有how。

阅读指导方法：学会拆分句子，抓主干看懂句子意思在英语中，句子类型主要分为三种，请看下面的“金字塔”
在英语文章中，我们看到的句子不单单只是简单句，也不只有并列句，或者仅仅只是复合句！事实上，在我们看到的文章里，很多句子都是简单句混合着并列句，简单句混合着复
合句，并列句混合着复合句，简单句混合着并列句和复合句------句中有句！
所以，我们要做到以下两点：
1.清楚句子类型
2.学会拆分句子进行简化
简单句就5种基本句型，我们看句子的时候不需要拆分；看并列句，要清楚有哪些并列连词，看句子时就直接在并列连词前切开，分两部分看；看句中句，就真的要学会拆分句子了，具体步骤是：
①先找并列连词，断开句子
②找从句引导词，断开句子
如果句中没并列连词，跳过，直接按第②步进行拆分简化句子！
具体做法参考实例：
1.简单句
Many of us may have a similar experience.
I get on well with my desk-mate.
对于简单句，只需要分清楚句子主干即可。

2.并列句
He admires my fluent English and I usually feel encouraged by his positive comments.
对于并列句，找并列连词，断开句子，整句话就分为两部分：
⑴He admires my fluent English
⑵and I usually feel encouraged by his positive comments.
然后看清楚各自句子主干，再把意思串起来即可：
他很欣赏我英语很流利+对于他正面的评价，我很受鼓舞
3.复合句
During these past few days, I have been reflecting on a lot on everything that happened this past year and thinking what I can do differently so that the coming year will be much better.
首先找到并列连词，断开句子，变成两部分：
⑴During these past few days, I have been reflecting on a lot on everything that happened this past year
⑵and thinking what I can do differently so that the coming year will be much better.
在第⑴中找到定语从句引导词that，再断开句子：
During these past few days, I have been reflecting on a lot on everything
that happened this past year
在第⑵中找到宾语从句引导词what和状语从句引导词so that，再分别断开句子：
thinking
what I can do differently
so that the coming year will be much better.
然后看清楚各自句子主干，再把意思串起来即可：
在过去的几天里，我一直在想每一件事+ 在这过去的一年里发生的（每一件事）+ 思考+ 与之前做法不同，我该做些什么+ 以便接下来的一年会变得更好
=在过去的几天里，我一直在想着发生在过去一年的每一件事，同时也在思考我该做些什么，也改变做法，以便使我接下来的一年会变得更好。

我们的困难在于难句（句中句），必须要学会拆分句子！
句中句有哪些类型？------ 没得分类！因为句子组合实在太多！
除了复合句，还有分词作状语，插入语作说明解释作用，都需要清楚区分。

1. The old woman made funny remarks, and laughed so heartily that I could not help joining them.
2. As each in turn began to tell a legend, I pillowed my head in my mother’s lap and lying flat upon my back, I watched the stars one by one.
3. If one of your goals this coming year is to improve a relationship with one of your family members, make sure that you clearly put down what you are going to do for this to succeed.
4. The past few weeks have been rather tough, but when a large number of Smile Cards arrived in my mailbox the other day, having traveled all the way from the United States to my home in the Netherlands, I knew things were about to turn around.
5. He had just finished reading the card when I arrived at my stop, but he was still smiling and enjoying his candy as I waved at him from the platform.
6. What I did later that day was that I added an extra candy bar for a neighbor who I knew was in a difficult financial situation, but who I saw working hard every day to get the very best for her young son.
7. While growing up, I would always say I wanted to go to an Ivy League university and my dad would say there was absolutely nothing wrong with our state university.
8. As my parents dropped me off at my dorm room, my mom started crying, and even my dad kissed me on the forehead, which was the first time I could remember getting hugged and kissed by them in years.
9. Delighted as I was by the tomatoes in sight, my happiness deepened when I learned that Brown’s
Grove Farm is one of the suppliers for Jack Dusty, a newly opened restaurant at the Sarasota Ritz Carlton, where---luckily for me--- I was planning to have dinner that very night.
10. It was calculated that when its population reached its highest point,there were more than 3 billion passenger pigeons---a number equal to 24 to 40 percent of the total bird population in the United States, making it perhaps the most abundant bird in the world.
11. I was able to buy it a little over a year ago because I had my relatives give me money for my birthday inste ad of clothes that wouldn’t fit.
12. Arriving in Sydney on his own from India, my husband, Rashid, stayed in a hotel for a short time while looking for a house for me and our children.。