Attributive&Relative Clause

Teaching Plan for English Grammar

Week 9-10

教学内容：

Lecture: 120min.

Attributive Clause / Relative Clause •General introduction

•Relative pronouns

•Relative adverbs

•Restrictive and non-restrictive relative clauses (see textbook 570-574) •Choosing a proper relative word

•Other problems (介词+关系代词；双重及嵌入式关系分句textbook 580-586）General Introduction

•antecedent + relative pronoun/adverb + clause

•Relative pronouns:

which; that; who; whose; whom; as; what; than; but

•Relative adverbs:

when; where; why

Some examples:

•Some friends (that) I made in college were more interested in grades than in learning. •The man who did the robbery has been caught.

•Can you show me the house where Shakespeare once lived?

•The reason why I was alone in the mountains is that I had difficulty with my guide.

Relative pronouns---who, whom , whose

•Whom 在从句中可充当宾语和表语；

•Who 在从句中可充当主语、宾语和表语；

•Who 与whom 均可引导非限制性定语从句。

•在“ 介词+ 关系词” 结构中，只能用whom 。若介词不提前，最好用who 。

•Whose 表示所属关系，与名词连用，可指人或物。

Examples：

•The girl who we supposed was drowned came back.

•The girl who/ whom we supposed drowned came back.

•You should stay faithful to the person to whom you are married.

•You should stay faithful to the person who you are married to.

•His mother, whom he loved dearly, died in 1818.

•I saw a girl whose beauty took my breath away.

•It was a meeting whose importance I didn’t realiz e at the time.

Relative pronouns ---which

•Which通常用来指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；

•Which可引导非限制性定语从句；

•Which可作为关系限定词（相当于关系形容词）用在非限制性定语从句中；

•区分which与who；

•区分which与whose。

Examples：

•He showed me a photo which upset me.

•He tore up my photo, which upset me.

•He may be late, in which case we ought to wait for him.

•They bribed the officials, which practice was very common there.

区分which与who

1. Anna is vegetarian, ___ no one else is in our family.

2. The vegetarian, ___ is my close friend, never eats meat.

3. Anna is a vegetarian, ___ I don’t want to be.

4. His brother had become a teacher, ___ he wanted to be.

5. He is an Englishman, ___ I know from his accent.

6. He likes climbing mountains, ___ is a good exercise.

区分which与whose

•The doctor told me to take a few days’ rest, ____ (which/ whose) advice I did not follow. •The doc tor, ____(which/ whose) advice I did not follow, told me to take a few days’ rest.指一类人或前面整个句子时，用which。

Relative pronouns ---that

•That既可指人也可指物；

•that只可引导限制性定语从句；

•区分which与that；

•区分who与that。

区分that与which---以下情况用which

•非限制定语从句用which；

•关系代词做介词宾语且介词前置时用which；

•先行词为that或由that修饰时用which；

•关系代词后带有插入语时用which；

•关系词which 可用作关系形容词。

区分that与which---以下情况用that

•先行词为all, little, few, much, none, the first等；