欧洲文化入门总复习题

欧洲文化入门复习题（2、3章）

一：选择（51’）

1:Hebrew---Israelite---Jew Jew---Jewish---Judaism Judaism---Christianity

2:Pentateuch(摩西五经)：Genesis(创世纪)、Exodus(出埃及记)、Leviticus(利未记)、Numbers(民数计)、Deuteronomy(申命记)

3：The fall of man: Adam and Eve、the Garden of Eden

4: Noah’s Ark

5:Moses(a famous Hebrew leader) 、Exodus、40 years、the mountainous Sinai、Ten Commandments

6:While in Babylon in the 6th century ., the Hebrews, now known as Jews, formed synagogues(大会堂) to practise their religion. 7:如今有多少犹太人15 million

8:Jesus 出生地：那瑟勒死亡地：耶路撒冷郊外髑髅地·各各地

Baptism: 30 years、John baptist

9:Diocletian destroyed、Constantine and the Edict of Milan in 133、Theodosius official

10: the new testament(新约)：the birth、 teaching、 death（The Crucifixion耶稣被钉十字架）、resurrection of Jesus

11：现代英语两大宝库：the English Bible and Shakespeare

12:228 years

13:the Code of Chivalry：to protect the week, to fight for church, to be loyal to his lord, to respect women of noble birth. 14:half civilized Germanic tribes: Visigoths, the Franks, the Angle and Saxons, the Vandals

15:Feudalism(封建主义) the Manor(庄园) serfs(农奴) Charles Martel in 732.

16:After 1054, the Roman Catholic church and Eastern Orthodox church

17:three groups in feudalism: clergy(牧师最高) lords peasants(农民最低)

18：the crusades(十字军) 8 times 200 years

By 1291, the moslems had taken over the last Christain stronghold.

19:Emperor of the Romans(神圣罗马皇帝): Charlemagne(查理曼大帝)

20:Alfred the Great(Anglo-Saxdon) contributed to medieval European culture

21:real scientific progress began in the 12th and 13th centuries.

Roger bacon(a monk) is an advocate of scientific research. Opus maius, and encyclopedia（自然哲学总则）

22:National Epics: Beowulf(Anglo-saxon/英国) Song of Roland(French/法国)

荷马史诗代表作Iliad(伊利亚特）和Odysse（奥德赛）

Geoffrey Chaucer(杰弗里乔叟) and the Canterbury tales(坎特伯雷故事)

23：Romanesque(罗马建筑) Gothic(哥特式建筑)：stained glass windows are the Holy Scriptures

24:哲学三杰（苏格拉底，柏拉图，亚里士多德）顺序不能打乱

二：简答（6道）

1:Two Major Elements in European Culture

European culture is made up of many elements, which have gone through changes over the centuries. Two of these elements are considered to be more enduring and they are: the Greco-Roman element, and the Judeo-Christian element.

However, there has been a complex interplay between the two, which adds to the richness of the culture.

2:Why should Chinese students of English bother about European culture

Well, English culture is a part of European culture and language cannot be learned without some knowledge of the culture Behind it.

Further, European culture itself is a part of world culture. Some knowledge of it is necessary to us as citizens of the world, particularly when our country is going ahead with modernization and taking an active part in world affairs.

3：Ten Commandments(摩西十诫)

1）You shall have no other gods before me.