(完整版)常见词根词缀整理.ppt

-ful hopeful useful wonderful helpful
-less hopeless useless needless
-like childlike businesslike
-ly brotherly friendly deadly deathly
-(i)ous dangerous various anxious serious
? -ibility possibility responsibility
? -age
marriage shortage carriage
? -al
arrival refusal revival survival
? -ance acceptance importance distance ignorance
-y rainy cloudy dirty hairy trendy fishy
(4)表示“主、被动意义
-able comfortable lovable capable believable portable disable
-ible responsible sensible visible
? (5)表示“方向”
? -ment movement government encouragement
? -ness kindness carelessness
? -ship friendship leadership relationship
? -ure
exposure failure measure leisure pleasure
? -ence dependence existence difference conference
? -dom freedom wisdom seldom
? -ery
slavery bravery discovery mastery robbery
? -hood childhood adulthood neighborhood
2：常见的动词后缀
(1)表示“使（成为）” “使……化”
? -ate circulate decorate regulate alternate ? -en strengthen weaken broaden widen lighten ? -ify classify simplify specify qualify certify ? -ize realize organize criticize recognize ? -ish astonish cherish establish finish punish
polish vanish accomplish abolish
3：常见形容词后缀
? （1）表示“具有……性质的”
?
-al national cultural natural
?
-an American republican
?
-ian Italian Canadian Christian
?
-ant pleasant resistant distant constant
?
-ic heroic poetic economic
?
-some troublesome handsome quarrelsome
(2)表示“充满或缺乏”
? （3）表示“类似”
-free duty-free care-free -ish childish stylish greenish worry-free
? -ward downward backward forward westward eastward upward
-ive active positive negative passive decisive extensive expensive
4: 常见的副词后缀
? -ly
? ? -ward(s) ? -wise
? -ion
question construction election conduction
? -ition composition competition
? -ation modernization civilization alteration
? -ism
pessimism optimism socialism Marxism
? in- incorrect inactive incapable
?
inaccurate inconsiderate
? il- illegal illogical illiberal
strongly successfully quickly angrily slowly downwards eastwards clockwise likewise otherwise
常见的前缀
? 1：表示“否定或逆转”
? de- defeat defend define deform
? dis- disappear disagree disorder disgust
?
-ent different confident excelBaidu Nhomakorabeaent
?
-ary necessary imaginary customary
?
-ory compulsory contradictory
?
-ate considerate fortunate
?
-ese Chinese Taiwanese Cantonese
常见词根词缀整理
1：常见的名词后缀
（1）表示“人和物”
-an
American historian
-ian
Italian Canadian politician
-ant
assistant accountant participant
-ent
student president resident
-ee
employee trainee
-er
writer speaker waiter
-or
actor conductor sailor
-ess
waitress hostess actress
-ist
socialist novelist scientist dentist
（2）表示“性质、状态、动作、行为”的抽象
名词
? -ability suitability probability