张道真英语语法(中学生精华版)参考答案

第1章词类概述
I. 1. teacher 2. man 3. dictionary 4. To do
II. 1. She often does homework five times a week.
2. He sometimes watches TV.
3. I want two cups of water.
4. T h e book is on the desk.
5. China is a great country.
6. I have two sisters.
7. There is a desk in the classroom.
8. My father plays football on Saturday morning.
III. 1. 谓语；形式宾语；宾补；真正宾语
2. 主语；谓语；时间状语
3.谓语；宾语；宾补
4.宾语从句
5. 主语；谓语；宾语；宾补
6.谓语；地点状语；伴随状语
7.宾补；结果状语从句
8.宾语从句
9.表语；直接宾语
10.表语
第2章名词
I. 1. girls’; Tom’s 2. Leaves 3. Japanese; Canadians
4. cook; typist
5. means
6. Mr. Green’s
7. coffee cups 8. custom 9. breath
II. 1.countries 2.kinds nguages
4.thousands
5.thousand
6.stories
7.words8.vocabulary9. books
10.book
III. 1. languages 2. way 3. sound
4. word
5. Fr e nch
6.W omen
7. minute 8.C hinese9. speakers
10.c lassmates
第3章冠词
I. 1. 一天一苹果，不用请医生。

2. 一花独放不是春，百花齐放春满园。

3. 良好的开端是成功的一半。

4. 经验是智慧之父，记忆是智慧之母。

5. 失败是成功之母。

6. 自信是走向成功的第一步。

II. 1. a 2. a n 3. a 4. an 5. an 6. a; a
III. 1. a; an 2. the; the 3. a; The 4. the; /; the
5. The; the; the
6. /; the
7. a
8. The
9. an; the 10. /; / 11. The; the; the 12. the
13. an; a 14. the 15. a 16.
the
17. a18. the
IV. 1. /; a; /; the; the; a; a; /
2. the; a; the; The; /; the; /; the; a; a
第4章数词和量词
I. 1. first 2. second 3. third 4. fourth
5. fifth
6. sixth
7. seventh
8. eighth
9. ninth 10. tenth 11. eleventh 12. twelfth
13. thirteenth 14. twentieth 15. twenty-first
II. 1. one fourth 或a quarter
2. three fourths或three quarters
3. two sevenths
4. twelve percent
5. ninety-eight percent
6. fifty percent
7. ninety-seven point three percent
8. zero point eight percent
9. three point five percent
III. 1. in his eighties
2. in the 1850s
3. T wo thirds of; was paid
4. the third most useful
5. In the beginning of the twentieth
6. the second
7. millions of
8. one year and a half
9. twice a week
10. two dozen
11. three times as long as
12. second
第5章代词
I. 1. 每个人都是自己命运的主宰者。

2. 活到老学到老。

3. 心之所愿，无所不成。

4. 闪光的不一定都是金子。

5. 只会用功不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。

6. 谁都有得意的时候。

7. 谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好。

8. 众人拾柴火焰高。

II. 1. its 2. mine 3. it 4. its 5. neither
6. it
7. that
8. other
9. none 10. it
11. who; it 12. others 13. it 14. whose 15. which
16. which 17. which/that 18. whose
III. 1. both, all 2. each, Both 3. neither, none
4. any, either
5. each, every
4. studied
5. my
6. it
7. us
8. choices 1
9. other 10. wisely
第6章介词及与之同形的副词
I. 1. in 2. across, over 3. at 4. between 5. for
6. except
7. in
8. after
9. behind 10. by II. 1. for 2. by 3. of 4. in 5. by
6. to
7. in
8. in
9. on 10. as III. 1. in 2. for 3. with 4. of 5. away
6. without
7. Since
8. around
9. from 10. to
第7章连词
I. 1. Though/ Although 2. before 3. once
4. unless
5. While/ Though
6. but
7. as long as 8. and 9. for
10. ago
II. 1. When 2. why 3. what 4. but 5. where
6. When
7. whose
8. but
9. When 10. Because III. 1. who 2. ago 3. from 4. but 5. which
6. that
7. and
8. thanks to
第8章形容词
I. 1. pleased 2. reasonable 3. considerate
4. the best
5. cleaner
6. amazing; patient
7. disappointed 8. harder 9. worse
10. successful
II. 1. too much 2. more 3. cleverer
4. clear
5. properly
6. good
7. peaceful 8. active 9. outdoors
10. happy
III. 1. off 2. simple 3. relaxing
also
4. well
5. actual ly
6.
7. important8. confused
第9章 副词
I. 1. mentally 2. warmly 3. merrily
4. later
5. possibly; naturally
6. personally
7. gradually
8. recently
9. certainly 10. Luckily II. 1. usually 2. where
3. various
4. special
5. originally
6. probably
7. down
8. still
9. traditional 10. most widely
III. 1. aggressively
2. ever
3. the best
4. still
5. than
6. frequently
7. the better
8. less and less
第10章 动词
I . 1. fail
2. ordered
3. reminded
4. limit
5. negotiate
6. accumulate
7. deny
8. reserve II. 1. was allowed
2. be made
3. were
4. had done
5. has been regarded
6. drove
7. hadn’t seen
8. have read
9. will be rewarded 10. will be made
III. 1. into 2.
across 3. up 4. off 5. up 6. out 7. around 8. down 9. into 10. off IV . 1. c atch →caught 2. 去掉been
3. left 前加had
4. spread 前加has
5. polluted 前加been
6. h ad →has
7. w as →is
8. c an →could 9. put 前加have
10. c an →could 11. Learn →Learning
12. avoid 后加to V. 1. have been promised
2. X-rayed
3. has achieved
4. grew
5. had been treated
6. are being uncovered
7. are persuaded
8. has shown
9. are damaging
10. were sent 第11章 助动词和情态动词
I . 1. will have
2. would
3. has
4. didn’t; had
II. 1. can→should或去掉can 2. Found →find
3. should →can
4. have后加had
5.去掉had　
III. 1. should 2. might 3. could 4. might 5. Shall
6. shouldn’t
7. can
8. May/Can
9. must 10. can
第12章动词时态
I. 1. advertised 2. takes 3. hadn’t flown
4. worked
5. Have; shown
6. was watching
7. have been working 8. is taking
II. 1. had →has 2. allowed →allows 3. reported前加is
4. 去掉had
5. have →had
III. 1. turned 2. without 3. had
4. had bought
5. wasn’t using
6. was finished
7. would like 8. turning9. have been working
10. has　
第13章被动语态
I. 1. were treated 2. has been cut/ is cut 3. has been reached
4. will be built
5. is found
6. was chosen
7. will be built 8. was held back 9. will be repaid
10. was being decorated
II. 1. wasn’t encouraged 2. was considered 3. got married
4. were told
5. has changed
6. are permitted
III. 1. G reat measures should be taken to protect our environment from being polluted.
2. A performance will be held in the lecture hall at 7 o’clock on
September 9th.
3. A ll students are supposed to arrive 10 minutes earlier before the
performance begins.
4. All the questions are expected to be answered on the exam paper.
第14章
I. 1. introducing 2. to bring 3. Ordered
4. To make
5. making
6. hidden
7. performed 8. Having worked 9. Absorbed
10. to thank
II. 1. causing 2. located 3. to raise
4. to be
5. playing
6. flying
7. to stare / staring 8. dreaming 9. known
10. to believe
III. 1. She hurried to the station only to find that the bus had left.
2. The show to be held next month will last a fortnight.
3. His mother stopped him to avoid trouble.
4. Opened in 2015, the center gained great popularity.
5. He got up very early so as to catch the early train.
6. She walked out of the classroom, following many students.
7. She walked out of the classroom, followed by many students.
第15章主谓一致
I. 1. have; is 2. Is 3. is；are 4. are 5. is
6. is
7. is
8. am
9. has 10. was
11. has 12. Is; am 13. are 14. has 15. are
II. 1. enjoy 2. likes 3. dance 4. are 5. are
6. comes
7. is
8. has
第16章句子成分、结构和种类
I. 1. 主语—谓语—宾语—宾语补足语
2. 主语—谓语—间接宾语—直接宾语
3. 主语—谓语—间接宾语—直接宾语
4. 主语—谓语—宾语—宾语补足语
5. 主语—谓语—宾语—宾语补足语
6. 主语—谓语
7. 主语—系动词—表语
8. 主语—谓语—宾语
10. 主语—谓语
II. 1. Thinking carefully is very important in our studies.
2. A bad accident happened last night.
3. —Have you ridden a horse? —No, never.
4. She sent me two Christmas presents.
5. W e find arriving there on time very hard. Or: We find it hard to arrive
there on time.
6. We saw the boy playing on the playground.
III. 1.主语；定语
2.宾语
3.谓语；状语
4.定语
5.定语；表语
IV. 1. I don’t think he will be back in an hour.
2. Could you tell me where your aunt lives?
3. Do you know if he will come here in an hour?
4. If you don’t get up early, you will miss the bus.
5. Although it was very late, John was still working on his lessons.
6. The doctor who cured me of cancer always worked heart and soul.
7. He used the prize money (which / that) he won to pay off his debts.
8. C an you think of a situation where / in which you may use this
expression?
9. The person whose overcoat you borrowed was my niece.
第17章名词性从句
I.略
II. 1. whoever 2. that 3. whether 4. why 5. how
6. what
7. what
8. when
9. where 10. why
III. 1. (1) T hat Tom was admitted to Beijing University made everyone excited.
(2) T om was admitted to Beijing University, which made everyone
excited.
(3) W hat made everyone excited was that Tom was admitted to
Beijing University.
(4) T
everyone excited.
2. (1) I t’s well known that China has the largest population in the
world.
(2) As we all know, China has the largest population in the world.
第18章状语从句
I. 1. when 2. as 3. where 4. as 5. how
6. since
7. Though/Although
8. when
9. after 10. before II. 1. that 2. as 3. where 4. On 5. that
6. how
7. when
8. Though
9. whether 10. who
III.
【参考范文】
Last night, I was about to go to bed when the telephone rang.It was Tom.He told me that as soon as I got up tomorrow morning, we should get together downstairs so that we could catch the early bus.After I hung up the phone, it occurred to me that I didn’t put the books where they were. Although I was a little sleepy/Sleepy as I was, I remembered what my mom said, “Whatever you do, you must do it well.” The moment I thought of it, I did it as I was told to.“Tomorrow is another day.”I fell asleep as I thought about it.
第19章定语从句
I. 1. Let’s ask the man who is reading over there.
2. I often think of my teacher whose classes are lively and interesting.
3. We once watched the play which is very popular.
4. I have two books,n either of which is interesting.
5. H e was very rude to the customers, which of course made things even
worse.
II. 1. whose 2. which 3. which 4. that/which 5. where
6. that/which
7. who
8. whose
9. which 10. when
III. 1. a 2. when 3. least 4. other 5. it
6. who
7. when
8. But
9. which/that 10. which
11. what
倒装省略
I. 1. that 2. It; that/ who 3. With
4. nor/ neither
5. as/ though
6. Were
7. Should 8. So 9. Only
10. that
II. 1. do we hear
2. Pupil as/ though he is
3. did I realize
4. had her mother left
5. Not only did they bring
6. Had he caught
7. would be back
8. did I discover
9. did I realize
10. had Moyan stepped
III. 1. I n recent years, fog and haze weather has`occurred a lot in some areas of China, which has done great harm to our daily life.
2. I t was just because of the fog and haze weather that many traffic
accidents happened.
3. N ot only should the government suggest people go to work or school
with the public transportation, such as the bus and the underground.
Also more trees should be planted.
4. O nly in this way can we enjoy a healthy and wonderful life.
第21章虚拟语气
I. 1. couldn’t have attended
2. (should) have
3. had not been
4. snowed/ were to snow /should snow, would have to
5. had s tarted,would arrive
6. had informed
7. went/should go
8. Without
9. but
10. had lain
II. 1. were 2. listened3. played　4. (should) hold 5. (should) organize　6. (should) be 7. would 8. realized/should realize/were to realize 9. would　10. encouraged
III. 1. enjoy: have enjoyed 2. have: had 3. consider: have considered 4. tells: had told 5. has not been: had not been
第22章构词法
I. 1. careful 2. d eath 3. sadly 4. chemist 5. l eg g ed
II. 1. natural→nature
2. fit→unfit
3. possibly→possibility
4. strength →strengthen
5. deep→depth。