被动语态讲解采用版ppt

5、没有被动语态的动词和词组
1.不及物动词如happen appear belong to;take place;break out等无被动语态 A traffic accident ________(happen) just now. 2.连系动词无被动语态，如feel smell look sound taste等。 Peking Opera _______ (sound) beautiful 3.表状态的动词无被动语态，如have own fit. I have a bike.
语态时，doing不变。如： I saw him going into the shop.(主动) He was seen going into the shop.(被动)
4、宾语从句
• 汉语中含有“据说”、“据悉”、“有人说”、“大家 说”等常见的宾语从句句型。 • It’s said/ reported/believed/ that…据说/报道/认为… • It’s suggested that…有人建议… • It’s well known that…众所周知… • It’s hoped that…人们希望…。 • eg: It was reported that it rained heavily in the south of China.据报道
8 过去完成时
9 含情态动词
had+过去分词
情态动词+动词原形
had+been+过去分词
情态动词+be+过去分词
10、动名词 11、不定式
doing to do
being done to be done
注： 1. 被动语态的否定式和疑问式均由第一个be动词 助动词 或情态动词构成。 2. 人称和时态的变化体现在be动词上，而过去分词在任 何时态中都不改变。
【2013河南】 — Excuse me. I'm looking for Be the Best of Yourself. — Sorry. The book you ask for______ out. A. is selling B. is sold C. was selling D. will be sold 【解析】主语the book和动词sell构成被动关 系，又时态为一般现在时，因此用一般现在 时的被动语态。答语句意“对不起，你要的 书已售完”。故选B。
3、接动词原形做宾补的动词变被动语态
使役动词(let, have, make等)或感官动词(see, hear, watch,等)在主动语态中后面接的动词不定式省略to， 改为被动语态时一定要补上to。 (记忆口诀：“使感动词”真奇怪，to在句中像妖怪，主 动语态to走开，被动语态to回来。”)
• ①I heard him sing in the next room. • ---He was heard to sing in the next room. • ②They made us do all kinds of work. • ---We were made to do all kinds of work. .注：当使用see/hear/watch sb doing sth时，变为被动
6.被动语态应注意的问题
1. 可接双宾语的动词 带有双宾语的主动句，变被动句时，一般把“人” 提前做主语；将“物”提前则要在“人”的前 面加to或for. Eg: I gave him a book yesterday. --- He was given a book (by me) yesterday. --- A book was given to him (by me) yesterday.
【2013广东梅州】The child without parents ______ good care of by his teachers in this special school. A. is taken B. are taken C. take D. takes 【解析】主语the child与动词短语take care of之间是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动 语态。故选A。
【2013湖北宜昌】 — At present, one of the best ways to study is working in groups. — More chances _______ to students to learn from each other. A. offer B. are offered C. have offered D. are offering 【解析】句子大意为“小组学习为学生提供 了更多相互学习的机会”。“机会”和“提 供”之间存在被动关系，须用被动语态。四 个选项中，只有are offered为被动语态。故选 B。
【2013广西南宁】 Han Han’s books are popular. They _______ by many teenagers. A. is read B. was read C. are read D. were read 【解析】由上句可知韩寒的书很受欢迎，用 一般现在时；主语they是复数形式，故答案 选C项。
The boy broke the glass. The glass was broken by the boy.
4.主动语态和被动语态结构对照表
时 态 主动语态 1 一般现在时 do/does 2 一般过去时 did 3 一般将来时 shall/will+动词原形 4 过去将来时 5 现在进行时 6 过去进行时
【2013湖北襄阳】— Didn’t you see the sign “No Parking!” on the right? — Sorry, I didn’t. But now I know parking _______ here. A. wasn't allowed B. isn't allowed C. won't allow D. doesn't allow 【解析】由上句中的“No Parking!”可知， 停车不被允许，根据时间状语now可知，考 察一般现在时态的被动语态，故选B。
4.wash, write, sell, wear此动词表示事物的自然 属性的时候，不用被动语态,常用副词 well, easily修饰。 The book sells well . ( 这本书销路很好) This dress washes easily . ( 这衣服较好洗) The pen writes smoothly. （这支钢笔写起来很流畅）
5.被动语态举例
① The Great Wall was built more than 2000 years old. ② A new bridge is being built across the Changjiang River. ③ The project will (is going to) be finished next month. ④ Many trees have been planted around the lake. ⑤ Old people should be taken care of/looked after. ⑥ Books can’t be taken out of the library. 7.Nobody likes being laughed at. 8.Nobody likes to be laughed at.
【2013湖北黄石】This pair of shoes _______ hand, and it ______ very comfortable. A. is made with; is felt B. are made from; is felt C. are made of; feels D. is made by; feels 【解析】句意: “这双鞋是由手工制成的，它 感觉起来很舒服”, 主语this pair of shoes不能 执行谓语动词make, 故用被动语态, 且主语为 第三人称单数形式, 用is made by的被动结构; feel为连系动词, 不能用被动语态，故选D。
would+动词原形 am/is/are+v-ing was/were+v-ing
被动语态 am/is/are+过去分词 was/were+过去分词
shall/will+be+过去分词 would+be+过去分词 am/is/are+being+过去分 词 was/were+being+过去分 词
7 现在完成时 have/has+过去分词 have/has+been+过去分词
一、运用被动语态的情景
主动语态 英语的谓语动词有两种语态 被动语态
（前者表示句子的主语为动作的发出者，
后者表示句子的主语为动作的承受者。） Tom broke the window. （主动语态） ① ② ③ The window was broken by Tom. （被动语态） ③ ② ① 从以上对比可以看出，主动句中的主语Tom在被动句中 变成了短语by Tom，主动句中的宾语the window变成了被 动句中的主语。由于被动句中的主语即主动句中的宾语， 因此，只有及物动词才有被动语态。
The desk needs to be repaired.
【2013江苏常州】This listening material, together with its CD-ROMs, ______ well. A. sells B. sell C. is sold D. are sold
【解析】某些可以和well, easily, smoothly等 副词连用的不及物动词如reBiblioteka Baidud, write, wash, clean, draw, cook, sell, lock, open等, 且主语是 非生命的名词或代词, 用主动结构表被动含义。 本句的主语为This listening material为第三人 称单数; sell well意为“畅销”。句意为“这 个听力材料以及它的光盘很畅销。”故选A。
5.need, demand, want(需要）, require, be worth 等后用动名词表被动。 The desk needs repairing.
The novel is worth seeing.
注意：need后可接动名词表被动，又可接动词不 定式的被动形式。： The desk needs repairing.
【2013浙江宁波】 — Have you finished your project? — Not yet. I’ll finish it if I _______ ten more minutes. A. give B. am given C. will give D. will be given 【解析】句意“如果再给我十分钟我会完成 它”，主语与动词give之间是被动关系，在 条件状语从句中用一般现在时表将来。故选 B。
1.被动语态结构： be + 过去分词(PP) + (by …)
2.主动变被动应注意的情况： 1.把原来的宾语提到前面作被动语态的主语; 2.把动词变成“be + 过去分词”; 3.主动语态中的主语变为介词by的宾语。
3.如何从主动语态变为被动语态？
1.主语 2.谓语 3.宾语 介词by 宾语 be+pp 主语
被动语态（The Passive Voice)
• 一、运用被动语态的情景(Situations) • 二、被动语态的结构与时态 (Structure and Tense) • 三、被动语态举例(Examples) • 四、主动变被动的方法(Method) （单宾、双宾、复合宾语、宾语从句） • 五、没有被动语态的动词和词组 (Verbs and Phrases) • 六、Exercises
2.带to不定式作宾语补足语的复合宾语
ask/tell/allow/encourage/promise„sb. to do sth.结构：
①People should allow teenagers to choose their own clothes. Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes. ②They encourage us to plant more trees. We are encouraged to plant more trees.